The bench top test is one of the most important and effective methods to evaluate the total thermal protective performance(TPP) of firefighters' protective clothing,which is greatly influenced by the air gaps entr...The bench top test is one of the most important and effective methods to evaluate the total thermal protective performance(TPP) of firefighters' protective clothing,which is greatly influenced by the air gaps entrapped.In this paper,to investigate the effect of air gap width on TPP,a new improved apparatus with two height changeable buttons to hold the thermal sensor was developed to get a series of air gap sizes from 0 mm to 40 mm.The TPP of two types of flame-resistant outer fabrics was measured with TPP test apparatus respectively.Analysis of temperature rise with each air gap width was made to determine the effects of different air gaps on protective performance.It was indicated that air gap size had great effect on TPP of fabrics in the bench top test.An air gap width above 8 mm was suggested for the thermal protective clothing design.展开更多
以权力决定理论(Managerial power approach)为依据,引入经理自主权变量研究高管报酬差距的决定机制及其对公司业绩的影响效应。在理论分析的基础上,选择2004年沪、深A股上市公司数据为样本,采用曲线估计、多元回归进行实证分析。主要...以权力决定理论(Managerial power approach)为依据,引入经理自主权变量研究高管报酬差距的决定机制及其对公司业绩的影响效应。在理论分析的基础上,选择2004年沪、深A股上市公司数据为样本,采用曲线估计、多元回归进行实证分析。主要结论有:①经理自主权对高管报酬差距具有先促进后抑制的影响效应,呈现典型的倒U型关系。其中,促进效应的存在是因为低自主权经理的权威与利益需求占主导位置,且更强调提高报酬差距促进高管竞争;而抑制效应的出现则是因为高自主权经理更强调不公平感对高管人员的负向影响,倾向于降低高管报酬差距促进合作与满意。②较大的高管报酬差距能够促进高管层对经理的内部监督,约束经理不正当使用自主权,从而促进经理自主权对公司业绩的正效应。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50876019)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 200802550009)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The bench top test is one of the most important and effective methods to evaluate the total thermal protective performance(TPP) of firefighters' protective clothing,which is greatly influenced by the air gaps entrapped.In this paper,to investigate the effect of air gap width on TPP,a new improved apparatus with two height changeable buttons to hold the thermal sensor was developed to get a series of air gap sizes from 0 mm to 40 mm.The TPP of two types of flame-resistant outer fabrics was measured with TPP test apparatus respectively.Analysis of temperature rise with each air gap width was made to determine the effects of different air gaps on protective performance.It was indicated that air gap size had great effect on TPP of fabrics in the bench top test.An air gap width above 8 mm was suggested for the thermal protective clothing design.
文摘以权力决定理论(Managerial power approach)为依据,引入经理自主权变量研究高管报酬差距的决定机制及其对公司业绩的影响效应。在理论分析的基础上,选择2004年沪、深A股上市公司数据为样本,采用曲线估计、多元回归进行实证分析。主要结论有:①经理自主权对高管报酬差距具有先促进后抑制的影响效应,呈现典型的倒U型关系。其中,促进效应的存在是因为低自主权经理的权威与利益需求占主导位置,且更强调提高报酬差距促进高管竞争;而抑制效应的出现则是因为高自主权经理更强调不公平感对高管人员的负向影响,倾向于降低高管报酬差距促进合作与满意。②较大的高管报酬差距能够促进高管层对经理的内部监督,约束经理不正当使用自主权,从而促进经理自主权对公司业绩的正效应。
