English education in China has its problems due to its history and teaching environment,such as deficiency of communication purpose,insufficiency of teaching on oral expression and so on.Consequently,to solve the prob...English education in China has its problems due to its history and teaching environment,such as deficiency of communication purpose,insufficiency of teaching on oral expression and so on.Consequently,to solve the problems of English teaching in China seems necessary.Therefore,the solutions as the changes of policy,updated teaching methods,improvement of teacher’s skills on teaching and diverse ways of teaching should be pointed out.展开更多
The new round of Sino-US high-level economic and trade consultations has been concluded.This is the 13th round of negotiations since the wide acceleration of economic and trade frictions between China and US.
Maths is important in our life, especially fraction, and it is also fun.But can you solve the following fraction problems? Try, please.(1) Adam needs to drive a distance of 372 miles to New York to attend his friend s...Maths is important in our life, especially fraction, and it is also fun.But can you solve the following fraction problems? Try, please.(1) Adam needs to drive a distance of 372 miles to New York to attend his friend s birthday party. He stops over to grab a quick bite after he covers one-third the total distance.展开更多
Some of the primary school students can solve percentage problems written in Chinese but fail to solve them written in English. Why?Is bilingual maths more diffi cult than Chinese maths? The answer is 'No'.The...Some of the primary school students can solve percentage problems written in Chinese but fail to solve them written in English. Why?Is bilingual maths more diffi cult than Chinese maths? The answer is 'No'.The main reason is that they might not know well about the formula of percentage and the English expressions of percentage.展开更多
The problem solving competency is the primary goal in all mathematics education curricula. It is acquired by solving mathematical problems belonging either to routine or non-routine category. The study describes the p...The problem solving competency is the primary goal in all mathematics education curricula. It is acquired by solving mathematical problems belonging either to routine or non-routine category. The study describes the post-secondary students’ levels of proficiency in solving non-routine math problems. The three-stage process in solving mathematics problems by Mayer was used as the frame of analysis. Using the data generated from researcher made instruments, and semi-structured interview of 50 purposively selected participants, the study found that: Majority of the participants showed “good proficiency” in “problem representation” and “problem solving”, the real world problems in Math. It is also revealed that those who are good in problem representation phase are also good in problem solution phase. In general, participants do not always consider answer verification phase as important in the process of solving real world problems in math. The most common difficulties encountered by participants are: language inadequacy and unfamiliarity with the context of the problems. The researchers recommended that the same study be done in some other context and local and if the results are consistent with this study, may consider redesigning new curriculum in post-secondary mathematics education.展开更多
This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experime...This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. It also aimed to describe how spatial visualization is applied in solving mathematical problems. The findings of the study revealed that spatial-visualization-based instruction improved the mathematical problem-solving performance of students. The spatial-visualization ability can be applied in solving mathematical problems.展开更多
A qualia role-based entity-dependency graph(EDG)is proposed to represent and extract quantity relations for solving algebra story problems stated in Chinese.Traditional neural solvers use end-to-end models to translat...A qualia role-based entity-dependency graph(EDG)is proposed to represent and extract quantity relations for solving algebra story problems stated in Chinese.Traditional neural solvers use end-to-end models to translate problem texts into math expressions,which lack quantity relation acquisition in sophisticated scenarios.To address the problem,the proposed method leverages EDG to represent quantity relations hidden in qualia roles of math objects.Algorithms were designed for EDG generation and quantity relation extraction for solving algebra story problems.Experimental result shows that the proposedmethod achieved an average accuracy of 82.2%on quantity relation extraction compared to 74.5%of baseline method.Another prompt learning result shows a 5%increase obtained in problem solving by injecting the extracted quantity relations into the baseline neural solvers.展开更多
Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such c...Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such complex environmental disasters？ A broad understanding of these problems and a feeling of self-efficacy must be present in problem solvers in order for them to persevere up to the formulation of effective solutions. Two new trends in problem solving inspired the development of an approach to accompany citizens dealing with environmental problems： design thinking and the use of ICT in problem solving. Design thinking, a creative solving approach created by IDEO, is a collaborative way to work during which intuition, abductive thinking, quick prototyping and the consumers＇ needs are put first. As for ICT, they can now be used to store, share, develop and criticize information and solutions （Facebook, Padlet... ）. Design thinking and Facebook were drawn on to accompany 10 poorly educated Moroccan women in solving a problem arising from flooding of the Ourika river. The women were taught to use electronic tablets and Facebook. During workshops and through Facebook, women were invited to share their experiences with floods and to find solutions to the poor quality of their drinking water, after floods. Design thinking allowed participants to explore many dimensions of the chosen problem and to prototype a certain number of solutions to purify their water. Facebook was profitable to better define the problem and as a communication and brainstorming tool （before and during the water filtration prototype trials）. Design thinking and Facebook turned out to be effective tools to pose the water problem more widely, to find solutions adapted to the participants＇ living conditions and to improve their self-efficacy in problem solving as well as their collaboration.展开更多
For the 2-D wave inverse problems introduced from geophysical exploration, in this paper, the author presents integration-characteristic method to solve the velocity parameter, and then applies it to common shotpoint ...For the 2-D wave inverse problems introduced from geophysical exploration, in this paper, the author presents integration-characteristic method to solve the velocity parameter, and then applies it to common shotpoint model data, in noise-free case. The accuracy is quite good.展开更多
On June 27th, the China Construction Ministry (CCM) announced that China will intensify efforts to implement the supervision of construction standards with the goal of promoting energy saving practices. By 2010, u... On June 27th, the China Construction Ministry (CCM) announced that China will intensify efforts to implement the supervision of construction standards with the goal of promoting energy saving practices. By 2010, urban construction projects are expected to achieve energy savings of 50%, and by 2020 to save 351 million tons of coal.……展开更多
The sequence problem is the required content of the college entrance examination mathematics examination, and its comprehensive and diversified characteristics are quite significant, so it is necessary to teach studen...The sequence problem is the required content of the college entrance examination mathematics examination, and its comprehensive and diversified characteristics are quite significant, so it is necessary to teach students the necessary problem-solving skills. This paper takes the sequence problem as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of common problem-solving skills in its solution, in order to improve the ability of students to solve the sequence problem.展开更多
In the process of promoting the new curriculum reform, the new education concept guides the new teaching reform. For the important basic subject of primary school mathematics, teachers need to examine the teaching met...In the process of promoting the new curriculum reform, the new education concept guides the new teaching reform. For the important basic subject of primary school mathematics, teachers need to examine the teaching methods and teaching content, reconstruct the teaching mode according to the new curriculum standards and students reality, especially pay attention to the diversified research of problem solving methods, so as to tap students learning potential and enlighten their wisdom, promote the improvement of mathematics learning level. Specifically, in the teaching process, teachers should change their teaching concepts in time, encourage students to think actively, focus on consolidating basic knowledge, guide students to use flexibly, actively guide innovative research, cultivate students divergent thinking, carry out group cooperative learning, achieve the collision of students thinking, and pay attention to the application of life practice to ensure the effect of thinking expansion training.展开更多
The paper presents the comparative study on numerical methods of Euler method,Improved Euler method and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for solving the engineering problems and applications.The three proposed methods ...The paper presents the comparative study on numerical methods of Euler method,Improved Euler method and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for solving the engineering problems and applications.The three proposed methods are quite efficient and practically well suited for solving the unknown engineering problems.This paper aims to enhance the teaching and learning quality of teachers and students for various levels.At each point of the interval,the value of y is calculated and compared with its exact value at that point.The next interesting point is the observation of error from those methods.Error in the value of y is the difference between calculated and exact value.A mathematical equation which relates various functions with its derivatives is known as a differential equation.It is a popular field of mathematics because of its application to real-world problems.To calculate the exact values,the approximate values and the errors,the numerical tool such as MATLAB is appropriate for observing the results.This paper mainly concentrates on identifying the method which provides more accurate results.Then the analytical results and calculates their corresponding error were compared in details.The minimum error directly reflected to realize the best method from different numerical methods.According to the analyses from those three approaches,we observed that only the error is nominal for the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a modified evolutionary programming with dynamic domain for solving nonlinear IP/MIP problems with linear constraints, without involving penalty function or any transformation for the problem...In this paper, we propose a modified evolutionary programming with dynamic domain for solving nonlinear IP/MIP problems with linear constraints, without involving penalty function or any transformation for the problem to a linear model or others. The numerical results show that the new algorithm gives a satisfactory performance in which it works of high speed, and accuracy in IP/MIP problems.展开更多
In a number of species,males and females have different ecological roles and therefore might be required to solve different problems.Studies on humans have suggested that the 2 sexes often show different efficiencies ...In a number of species,males and females have different ecological roles and therefore might be required to solve different problems.Studies on humans have suggested that the 2 sexes often show different efficiencies in problem solving tasks;similarly,evidence of sex differences has been found in 2 other mammalian species.Here,we assessed whether a teleost fish species,the guppy.Poecilia reticulata,displays sex differences in the ability to solve problems.In Experiment 1,guppies had to learn to dislodge a disc that occluded a feeder from which they had been previously accustomed to feed.In Experiment 2,guppies had to solve a version of the detour task that required them to learn to enter a transparent cylinder from the open sides to reach a food reward previously freely available.We found evidence of sex differences in both problem-solvingi tasks.In Experiment 1,females clearly outperformed males,and in Experiment 2,guppies showed a reversed but smaller sex difference.This study indicates that sex differences may play an important role in fish's problem-solving similar to what has previously been observed in some mammalian species.展开更多
Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavio...Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavior offers a new perspective to better understand how nurses promote learning from near misses to improve organizational outcomes.This study aimed to explore frontline nurses’perspectives on using second-order problem solving behavior in learning from near misses to improve patient safety.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study design was employed.This study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in east China from June to November 2015.Purposive sampling was used to recruit 19 frontline nurses.Semi-structured interviews and a qualitative directed content analysis was undertaken using Crossan’s 4I Framework of Organizational Learning as a coding framework.Results:Second-order problem solving behavior,based on the 4I Framework of Organizational Learning,was referred to as being a leader in exposing near misses,pushing forward the cause analysis within limited capacity,balancing the active and passive role during improvement project,and promoting the continuous improvement with passion while feeling low-powered.Conclusions:4I Framework of Organizational Learning can be an underlying guide to enrich frontline nurses’role in promoting organizations to learn from near misses.In this study,nurses displayed their pivotal role in organizational learning from near misses by using second-order problem solving.However,additional knowledge,skills,and support are needed to maximize the application of second-order problem solving behavior when near misses are recognized.展开更多
BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum dep...BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum depression.AIM To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR theory.METHODS Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each,according to the random number table method.In the control group,the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR theory.The two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks,and the state of mind,coping styles,and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the intervention.RESULTS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care,and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care(26.48±3.35)was higher than that in the control group(21.73±3.20),and the level of avoidance(12.04±2.68)and submission(8.14±1.15)was lower than that in the control group(15.75±2.69 and 9.95±1.20),with significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression,improved their state of mind,and coping level with illness.展开更多
文摘English education in China has its problems due to its history and teaching environment,such as deficiency of communication purpose,insufficiency of teaching on oral expression and so on.Consequently,to solve the problems of English teaching in China seems necessary.Therefore,the solutions as the changes of policy,updated teaching methods,improvement of teacher’s skills on teaching and diverse ways of teaching should be pointed out.
文摘The new round of Sino-US high-level economic and trade consultations has been concluded.This is the 13th round of negotiations since the wide acceleration of economic and trade frictions between China and US.
文摘Maths is important in our life, especially fraction, and it is also fun.But can you solve the following fraction problems? Try, please.(1) Adam needs to drive a distance of 372 miles to New York to attend his friend s birthday party. He stops over to grab a quick bite after he covers one-third the total distance.
文摘Some of the primary school students can solve percentage problems written in Chinese but fail to solve them written in English. Why?Is bilingual maths more diffi cult than Chinese maths? The answer is 'No'.The main reason is that they might not know well about the formula of percentage and the English expressions of percentage.
文摘The problem solving competency is the primary goal in all mathematics education curricula. It is acquired by solving mathematical problems belonging either to routine or non-routine category. The study describes the post-secondary students’ levels of proficiency in solving non-routine math problems. The three-stage process in solving mathematics problems by Mayer was used as the frame of analysis. Using the data generated from researcher made instruments, and semi-structured interview of 50 purposively selected participants, the study found that: Majority of the participants showed “good proficiency” in “problem representation” and “problem solving”, the real world problems in Math. It is also revealed that those who are good in problem representation phase are also good in problem solution phase. In general, participants do not always consider answer verification phase as important in the process of solving real world problems in math. The most common difficulties encountered by participants are: language inadequacy and unfamiliarity with the context of the problems. The researchers recommended that the same study be done in some other context and local and if the results are consistent with this study, may consider redesigning new curriculum in post-secondary mathematics education.
文摘This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. It also aimed to describe how spatial visualization is applied in solving mathematical problems. The findings of the study revealed that spatial-visualization-based instruction improved the mathematical problem-solving performance of students. The spatial-visualization ability can be applied in solving mathematical problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62177024,62007014)the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of the Ministry of Education (No.20YJC880024)+1 种基金China Post Doctoral Science Foundation (No.2019M652678)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.CCNU20ZT019).
文摘A qualia role-based entity-dependency graph(EDG)is proposed to represent and extract quantity relations for solving algebra story problems stated in Chinese.Traditional neural solvers use end-to-end models to translate problem texts into math expressions,which lack quantity relation acquisition in sophisticated scenarios.To address the problem,the proposed method leverages EDG to represent quantity relations hidden in qualia roles of math objects.Algorithms were designed for EDG generation and quantity relation extraction for solving algebra story problems.Experimental result shows that the proposedmethod achieved an average accuracy of 82.2%on quantity relation extraction compared to 74.5%of baseline method.Another prompt learning result shows a 5%increase obtained in problem solving by injecting the extracted quantity relations into the baseline neural solvers.
文摘Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such complex environmental disasters？ A broad understanding of these problems and a feeling of self-efficacy must be present in problem solvers in order for them to persevere up to the formulation of effective solutions. Two new trends in problem solving inspired the development of an approach to accompany citizens dealing with environmental problems： design thinking and the use of ICT in problem solving. Design thinking, a creative solving approach created by IDEO, is a collaborative way to work during which intuition, abductive thinking, quick prototyping and the consumers＇ needs are put first. As for ICT, they can now be used to store, share, develop and criticize information and solutions （Facebook, Padlet... ）. Design thinking and Facebook were drawn on to accompany 10 poorly educated Moroccan women in solving a problem arising from flooding of the Ourika river. The women were taught to use electronic tablets and Facebook. During workshops and through Facebook, women were invited to share their experiences with floods and to find solutions to the poor quality of their drinking water, after floods. Design thinking allowed participants to explore many dimensions of the chosen problem and to prototype a certain number of solutions to purify their water. Facebook was profitable to better define the problem and as a communication and brainstorming tool （before and during the water filtration prototype trials）. Design thinking and Facebook turned out to be effective tools to pose the water problem more widely, to find solutions adapted to the participants＇ living conditions and to improve their self-efficacy in problem solving as well as their collaboration.
文摘For the 2-D wave inverse problems introduced from geophysical exploration, in this paper, the author presents integration-characteristic method to solve the velocity parameter, and then applies it to common shotpoint model data, in noise-free case. The accuracy is quite good.
文摘 On June 27th, the China Construction Ministry (CCM) announced that China will intensify efforts to implement the supervision of construction standards with the goal of promoting energy saving practices. By 2010, urban construction projects are expected to achieve energy savings of 50%, and by 2020 to save 351 million tons of coal.……
文摘The sequence problem is the required content of the college entrance examination mathematics examination, and its comprehensive and diversified characteristics are quite significant, so it is necessary to teach students the necessary problem-solving skills. This paper takes the sequence problem as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of common problem-solving skills in its solution, in order to improve the ability of students to solve the sequence problem.
文摘In the process of promoting the new curriculum reform, the new education concept guides the new teaching reform. For the important basic subject of primary school mathematics, teachers need to examine the teaching methods and teaching content, reconstruct the teaching mode according to the new curriculum standards and students reality, especially pay attention to the diversified research of problem solving methods, so as to tap students learning potential and enlighten their wisdom, promote the improvement of mathematics learning level. Specifically, in the teaching process, teachers should change their teaching concepts in time, encourage students to think actively, focus on consolidating basic knowledge, guide students to use flexibly, actively guide innovative research, cultivate students divergent thinking, carry out group cooperative learning, achieve the collision of students thinking, and pay attention to the application of life practice to ensure the effect of thinking expansion training.
文摘The paper presents the comparative study on numerical methods of Euler method,Improved Euler method and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for solving the engineering problems and applications.The three proposed methods are quite efficient and practically well suited for solving the unknown engineering problems.This paper aims to enhance the teaching and learning quality of teachers and students for various levels.At each point of the interval,the value of y is calculated and compared with its exact value at that point.The next interesting point is the observation of error from those methods.Error in the value of y is the difference between calculated and exact value.A mathematical equation which relates various functions with its derivatives is known as a differential equation.It is a popular field of mathematics because of its application to real-world problems.To calculate the exact values,the approximate values and the errors,the numerical tool such as MATLAB is appropriate for observing the results.This paper mainly concentrates on identifying the method which provides more accurate results.Then the analytical results and calculates their corresponding error were compared in details.The minimum error directly reflected to realize the best method from different numerical methods.According to the analyses from those three approaches,we observed that only the error is nominal for the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In this paper, we propose a modified evolutionary programming with dynamic domain for solving nonlinear IP/MIP problems with linear constraints, without involving penalty function or any transformation for the problem to a linear model or others. The numerical results show that the new algorithm gives a satisfactory performance in which it works of high speed, and accuracy in IP/MIP problems.
基金Funding was provided by PRIN 2015 Grant(prot.:2015FFATB7)to A.B.from Ministero dell'Istruzione,Universita e Ricerca(M IUR,Italy)FIR2018 and FAR2018 grants to T.L.X.from University of Ferrara.
文摘In a number of species,males and females have different ecological roles and therefore might be required to solve different problems.Studies on humans have suggested that the 2 sexes often show different efficiencies in problem solving tasks;similarly,evidence of sex differences has been found in 2 other mammalian species.Here,we assessed whether a teleost fish species,the guppy.Poecilia reticulata,displays sex differences in the ability to solve problems.In Experiment 1,guppies had to learn to dislodge a disc that occluded a feeder from which they had been previously accustomed to feed.In Experiment 2,guppies had to solve a version of the detour task that required them to learn to enter a transparent cylinder from the open sides to reach a food reward previously freely available.We found evidence of sex differences in both problem-solvingi tasks.In Experiment 1,females clearly outperformed males,and in Experiment 2,guppies showed a reversed but smaller sex difference.This study indicates that sex differences may play an important role in fish's problem-solving similar to what has previously been observed in some mammalian species.
文摘Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavior offers a new perspective to better understand how nurses promote learning from near misses to improve organizational outcomes.This study aimed to explore frontline nurses’perspectives on using second-order problem solving behavior in learning from near misses to improve patient safety.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study design was employed.This study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in east China from June to November 2015.Purposive sampling was used to recruit 19 frontline nurses.Semi-structured interviews and a qualitative directed content analysis was undertaken using Crossan’s 4I Framework of Organizational Learning as a coding framework.Results:Second-order problem solving behavior,based on the 4I Framework of Organizational Learning,was referred to as being a leader in exposing near misses,pushing forward the cause analysis within limited capacity,balancing the active and passive role during improvement project,and promoting the continuous improvement with passion while feeling low-powered.Conclusions:4I Framework of Organizational Learning can be an underlying guide to enrich frontline nurses’role in promoting organizations to learn from near misses.In this study,nurses displayed their pivotal role in organizational learning from near misses by using second-order problem solving.However,additional knowledge,skills,and support are needed to maximize the application of second-order problem solving behavior when near misses are recognized.
文摘BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum depression.AIM To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR theory.METHODS Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each,according to the random number table method.In the control group,the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR theory.The two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks,and the state of mind,coping styles,and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the intervention.RESULTS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care,and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care(26.48±3.35)was higher than that in the control group(21.73±3.20),and the level of avoidance(12.04±2.68)and submission(8.14±1.15)was lower than that in the control group(15.75±2.69 and 9.95±1.20),with significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression,improved their state of mind,and coping level with illness.
