This paper introduces the Advanced Observer Model (AOM), a novel framework that integrates classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and relativity through the observer’s role in constructing reality. Central to the AO...This paper introduces the Advanced Observer Model (AOM), a novel framework that integrates classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and relativity through the observer’s role in constructing reality. Central to the AOM is the Static Configuration/Dynamic Configuration (SC/DC) conjugate, which examines physical systems through the interaction between static spatial configurations and dynamic quantum states. The model introduces a Constant Frame Rate (CFR) to quantize time perception, providing a discrete model for time evolution in quantum systems. By modifying the Schrödinger equation with CFR, the AOM bridges quantum and classical physics, offering a unified interpretation where classical determinism and quantum uncertainty coexist. A key feature of the AOM is its energy scaling model, where energy grows exponentially with spatial dimensionality, following the relationshipE∝(π)n. This dimensional scaling connects the discrete time perception of the observer with both quantum and classical energy distributions, providing insights into the nature of higher-dimensional spaces. Additionally, the AOM posits that spacetime curvature arises from quantum interactions, shaped by the observer’s discrete time perception. The model emphasizes the observer’s consciousness as a co-creator of reality, offering new approaches to understanding the quantum-classical transition. While speculative, the AOM opens new avenues for addressing foundational questions in quantum mechanics, relativity, dimensionality, and the nature of reality.展开更多
Experimental observations indicate that electromagnetic (EM) radiation is emitted after the detonation of high explosives (HE) charges. The movement of ionized atoms, particles and electrons seems to be the underlying...Experimental observations indicate that electromagnetic (EM) radiation is emitted after the detonation of high explosives (HE) charges. The movement of ionized atoms, particles and electrons seems to be the underlying cause. Expansion of the detonation products (DP) drives a strong (~1 kb) shock in surrounding air. This forms an intense thermal wave (T ~11,000 K) with duration of ~20 microseconds. Such temperatures create significant ionization of the air. According to Ohm’s Law, movement of ionized patches generates current;and according to the Biot-Savart Law, such currents induce electric and magnetic fields. We investigate these effects through numerical simulations of TNT explosions. A high-order Godunov scheme is used to integrate the one-dimensional conservation laws of gasdynamics. An extremely fine grid (10 microns) was needed to get converged temperature and conductivity profiles. The gasdynamic solution provided a source current, which was fed into a time-domain Green’s function code to predict three-dimensional electromagnetic waves emanating from the TNT explosion. This analysis clearly demonstrates one mechanism—the Boronin current—as the source of EM emissions from TNT explosions, but other mechanisms are also possible.展开更多
After the time history of seismic motion is represented by superposition of a series of narrow frequency band wave groups, we obtain a general relation between wave group arrival time and derivative of phase spectra i...After the time history of seismic motion is represented by superposition of a series of narrow frequency band wave groups, we obtain a general relation between wave group arrival time and derivative of phase spectra in the paper. On the basis of the relation, frequency number distribution function of wave group arrival time is completely equivalent to that of phase difference spectra. Under the assumption that phase angles of seismic motionobey uniform distribution ranged from 0 to ─ 2π, a quantitative relation between intensity envelope function of seismic motion and energy distribution function with wave group arrival time has been derived in this paper. The relation illuminates inner links among Fourier amplitude spectra and derivative of phase spectra and intensity envelope function. Some examples given by the paper support the conclusions mentioned above.展开更多
In this paper, the time-dependent invariant of the Dirac equation with time-dependent linear potential has been constructed in non-commutative phase space. The corresponding analytical solution of the Dirac equation i...In this paper, the time-dependent invariant of the Dirac equation with time-dependent linear potential has been constructed in non-commutative phase space. The corresponding analytical solution of the Dirac equation is presented by Lewis-Riesenfield invariant method.展开更多
地震波初至拾取是地震预警、地震定位等地震资料处理工作的重要基础,其实时性和准确性直接影响地震资料处理工作的效率.实际应用中,地震波初至拾取受日益增多的噪声干扰较大,传统地震波初至拾取算法很难兼顾实时性、准确性.针对上述问题...地震波初至拾取是地震预警、地震定位等地震资料处理工作的重要基础,其实时性和准确性直接影响地震资料处理工作的效率.实际应用中,地震波初至拾取受日益增多的噪声干扰较大,传统地震波初至拾取算法很难兼顾实时性、准确性.针对上述问题,本文提出一种基于Delaunay三角(简称为D三角)剖分的天然地震波初至实时拾取算法.首先,本文对STA/LTA-AIC(Short-Term Average/Long-Term Average-Akaike Information Criterion)算法特征函数进行参数分析,引用包含平方项和差分项的特征函数,增强算法的实时性;其次,通过改进时窗位置并加入取消时窗的方式,增加算法抗短时强噪声干扰的能力;最后,考虑到地震波在两台站间的最快传播速度,由台间距和地震波最大走时设置走时残差阈值,并依据D三角关系,提出D三角触发判别准则剔除部分干扰噪声.川渝地区现场数据验证表明,本文改进的STA/LTA-AIC算法提高了单台拾取地震波初至的抗短时强噪声能力,基于D三角剖分的天然地震波初至拾取算法能排除各台站误拾取信号,实时、准确、可靠拾取出实际地震波初至时刻.展开更多
With the use of a model Hamiltonian and retarded double time green’s function formalism, we obtain mathematical expressions for spin density wave and superconductivity parameters. The model reveals a distinct possibi...With the use of a model Hamiltonian and retarded double time green’s function formalism, we obtain mathematical expressions for spin density wave and superconductivity parameters. The model reveals a distinct possibility of the coexistence of magnetic phase and superconductivity, which are two usually irreconcilable cooperative phenomena. The work is motivated by the recent experimental evidences of coexistence of spin density wave and superconductivity in a number of FeAs-based superconductors. The theoretical results are then applied to show the coexistence of spin density wave and superconductivity in iron pnictide compound Ba1-xKxFe2As2 (0.2 ≤ x < 0.4).展开更多
The transition of a two-level system driven by a linearly weak chirped pulse is studied. Under the first order perturbation approximation, an analytical expression of the population probability is obtained, which is s...The transition of a two-level system driven by a linearly weak chirped pulse is studied. Under the first order perturbation approximation, an analytical expression of the population probability is obtained, which is similar to the one describing Fresnel diffraction by a straight edge. It is shown that the population oscillation results from the diffraction of quantum wave function in time-domain.展开更多
This paper addresses tensile shock physics in thermoviscoelastic (TVE) solids without memory. The mathematical model is derived using conservation and balance laws (CBL) of classical continuum mechanics (CCM), incorpo...This paper addresses tensile shock physics in thermoviscoelastic (TVE) solids without memory. The mathematical model is derived using conservation and balance laws (CBL) of classical continuum mechanics (CCM), incorporating the contravariant second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor, the covariant Green’s strain tensor, and its rates up to order n. This mathematical model permits the study of finite deformation and finite strain compressible deformation physics with an ordered rate dissipation mechanism. Constitutive theories are derived using conjugate pairs in entropy inequality and the representation theorem. The resulting mathematical model is both thermodynamically and mathematically consistent and has closure. The solution of the initial value problems (IVPs) describing evolutions is obtained using a variationally consistent space-time coupled finite element method, derived using space-time residual functional in which the local approximations are in hpk higher-order scalar product spaces. This permits accurate description problem physics over the discretization and also permits precise a posteriori computation of the space-time residual functional, an accurate measure of the accuracy of the computed solution. Model problem studies are presented to demonstrate tensile shock formation, propagation, reflection, and interaction. A unique feature of this research is that tensile shocks can only exist in solid matter, as their existence requires a medium to be elastic (presence of strain), which is only possible in a solid medium. In tensile shock physics, a decrease in the density of the medium caused by tensile waves leads to shock formation ahead of the wave. In contrast, in compressive shocks, an increase in density and the corresponding compressive waves result in the formation of compression shocks behind of the wave. Although these are two similar phenomena, they are inherently different in nature. To our knowledge, this work has not been reported in the published literature.展开更多
The paper addresses tensile shock physics in compressible thermoviscoelastic solids with rheology i.e., in compressible polymeric solids. Polymeric solids have elasticity, dissipation mechanisms and relaxation phenome...The paper addresses tensile shock physics in compressible thermoviscoelastic solids with rheology i.e., in compressible polymeric solids. Polymeric solids have elasticity, dissipation mechanisms and relaxation phenomena due to the presence of long chain molecules in the viscous medium. Thus, the main focus of this investigation is to study how the presence of rheology influences tensile shock physics compared to the tensile shock physics in thermoelastic solids with same elasticity and dissipation but without rheology. A traveling stress wave in polymeric solids leaves nonzero stress signature behind it that naturally influences density. Complete relaxation of the nonzero signatures of stress and associated density change depends upon viscosity of the medium, Deborah number, strength of the stress or velocity wave etc. These aspects of the tensile shock physics in TVES with rheology are investigated in the paper. The mathematical model for finite deformation, finite strain is derived using CBL and CCM, and constitutive theories are derived using conjugate pairs in the entropy inequality and the representation theorem. This mathematical model is thermodynamically and mathematically consistent and has closure. The solution of the IVPs described by this mathematical model related to tensile shock physics in TVES with memory are obtained using space-time coupled finite element method based on space-time residual functional for a space-time strip with time marching. p-version hierarchical space-time local approximations with higher order global differentiability in hpk-scalar product spaces and use of minimally conforming spaces ensure that all space-time integrals over space-time discretization are Riemann. This facilitates more accurate description of the physics in the computational process. Model problem studies are presented to illustrate various aspects of tensile shock physics in compressible TVES with rheology.展开更多
文摘This paper introduces the Advanced Observer Model (AOM), a novel framework that integrates classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and relativity through the observer’s role in constructing reality. Central to the AOM is the Static Configuration/Dynamic Configuration (SC/DC) conjugate, which examines physical systems through the interaction between static spatial configurations and dynamic quantum states. The model introduces a Constant Frame Rate (CFR) to quantize time perception, providing a discrete model for time evolution in quantum systems. By modifying the Schrödinger equation with CFR, the AOM bridges quantum and classical physics, offering a unified interpretation where classical determinism and quantum uncertainty coexist. A key feature of the AOM is its energy scaling model, where energy grows exponentially with spatial dimensionality, following the relationshipE∝(π)n. This dimensional scaling connects the discrete time perception of the observer with both quantum and classical energy distributions, providing insights into the nature of higher-dimensional spaces. Additionally, the AOM posits that spacetime curvature arises from quantum interactions, shaped by the observer’s discrete time perception. The model emphasizes the observer’s consciousness as a co-creator of reality, offering new approaches to understanding the quantum-classical transition. While speculative, the AOM opens new avenues for addressing foundational questions in quantum mechanics, relativity, dimensionality, and the nature of reality.
文摘Experimental observations indicate that electromagnetic (EM) radiation is emitted after the detonation of high explosives (HE) charges. The movement of ionized atoms, particles and electrons seems to be the underlying cause. Expansion of the detonation products (DP) drives a strong (~1 kb) shock in surrounding air. This forms an intense thermal wave (T ~11,000 K) with duration of ~20 microseconds. Such temperatures create significant ionization of the air. According to Ohm’s Law, movement of ionized patches generates current;and according to the Biot-Savart Law, such currents induce electric and magnetic fields. We investigate these effects through numerical simulations of TNT explosions. A high-order Godunov scheme is used to integrate the one-dimensional conservation laws of gasdynamics. An extremely fine grid (10 microns) was needed to get converged temperature and conductivity profiles. The gasdynamic solution provided a source current, which was fed into a time-domain Green’s function code to predict three-dimensional electromagnetic waves emanating from the TNT explosion. This analysis clearly demonstrates one mechanism—the Boronin current—as the source of EM emissions from TNT explosions, but other mechanisms are also possible.
文摘After the time history of seismic motion is represented by superposition of a series of narrow frequency band wave groups, we obtain a general relation between wave group arrival time and derivative of phase spectra in the paper. On the basis of the relation, frequency number distribution function of wave group arrival time is completely equivalent to that of phase difference spectra. Under the assumption that phase angles of seismic motionobey uniform distribution ranged from 0 to ─ 2π, a quantitative relation between intensity envelope function of seismic motion and energy distribution function with wave group arrival time has been derived in this paper. The relation illuminates inner links among Fourier amplitude spectra and derivative of phase spectra and intensity envelope function. Some examples given by the paper support the conclusions mentioned above.
文摘In this paper, the time-dependent invariant of the Dirac equation with time-dependent linear potential has been constructed in non-commutative phase space. The corresponding analytical solution of the Dirac equation is presented by Lewis-Riesenfield invariant method.
文摘地震波初至拾取是地震预警、地震定位等地震资料处理工作的重要基础,其实时性和准确性直接影响地震资料处理工作的效率.实际应用中,地震波初至拾取受日益增多的噪声干扰较大,传统地震波初至拾取算法很难兼顾实时性、准确性.针对上述问题,本文提出一种基于Delaunay三角(简称为D三角)剖分的天然地震波初至实时拾取算法.首先,本文对STA/LTA-AIC(Short-Term Average/Long-Term Average-Akaike Information Criterion)算法特征函数进行参数分析,引用包含平方项和差分项的特征函数,增强算法的实时性;其次,通过改进时窗位置并加入取消时窗的方式,增加算法抗短时强噪声干扰的能力;最后,考虑到地震波在两台站间的最快传播速度,由台间距和地震波最大走时设置走时残差阈值,并依据D三角关系,提出D三角触发判别准则剔除部分干扰噪声.川渝地区现场数据验证表明,本文改进的STA/LTA-AIC算法提高了单台拾取地震波初至的抗短时强噪声能力,基于D三角剖分的天然地震波初至拾取算法能排除各台站误拾取信号,实时、准确、可靠拾取出实际地震波初至时刻.
文摘With the use of a model Hamiltonian and retarded double time green’s function formalism, we obtain mathematical expressions for spin density wave and superconductivity parameters. The model reveals a distinct possibility of the coexistence of magnetic phase and superconductivity, which are two usually irreconcilable cooperative phenomena. The work is motivated by the recent experimental evidences of coexistence of spin density wave and superconductivity in a number of FeAs-based superconductors. The theoretical results are then applied to show the coexistence of spin density wave and superconductivity in iron pnictide compound Ba1-xKxFe2As2 (0.2 ≤ x < 0.4).
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China (Grant No.2007A04)
文摘The transition of a two-level system driven by a linearly weak chirped pulse is studied. Under the first order perturbation approximation, an analytical expression of the population probability is obtained, which is similar to the one describing Fresnel diffraction by a straight edge. It is shown that the population oscillation results from the diffraction of quantum wave function in time-domain.
文摘This paper addresses tensile shock physics in thermoviscoelastic (TVE) solids without memory. The mathematical model is derived using conservation and balance laws (CBL) of classical continuum mechanics (CCM), incorporating the contravariant second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor, the covariant Green’s strain tensor, and its rates up to order n. This mathematical model permits the study of finite deformation and finite strain compressible deformation physics with an ordered rate dissipation mechanism. Constitutive theories are derived using conjugate pairs in entropy inequality and the representation theorem. The resulting mathematical model is both thermodynamically and mathematically consistent and has closure. The solution of the initial value problems (IVPs) describing evolutions is obtained using a variationally consistent space-time coupled finite element method, derived using space-time residual functional in which the local approximations are in hpk higher-order scalar product spaces. This permits accurate description problem physics over the discretization and also permits precise a posteriori computation of the space-time residual functional, an accurate measure of the accuracy of the computed solution. Model problem studies are presented to demonstrate tensile shock formation, propagation, reflection, and interaction. A unique feature of this research is that tensile shocks can only exist in solid matter, as their existence requires a medium to be elastic (presence of strain), which is only possible in a solid medium. In tensile shock physics, a decrease in the density of the medium caused by tensile waves leads to shock formation ahead of the wave. In contrast, in compressive shocks, an increase in density and the corresponding compressive waves result in the formation of compression shocks behind of the wave. Although these are two similar phenomena, they are inherently different in nature. To our knowledge, this work has not been reported in the published literature.
文摘The paper addresses tensile shock physics in compressible thermoviscoelastic solids with rheology i.e., in compressible polymeric solids. Polymeric solids have elasticity, dissipation mechanisms and relaxation phenomena due to the presence of long chain molecules in the viscous medium. Thus, the main focus of this investigation is to study how the presence of rheology influences tensile shock physics compared to the tensile shock physics in thermoelastic solids with same elasticity and dissipation but without rheology. A traveling stress wave in polymeric solids leaves nonzero stress signature behind it that naturally influences density. Complete relaxation of the nonzero signatures of stress and associated density change depends upon viscosity of the medium, Deborah number, strength of the stress or velocity wave etc. These aspects of the tensile shock physics in TVES with rheology are investigated in the paper. The mathematical model for finite deformation, finite strain is derived using CBL and CCM, and constitutive theories are derived using conjugate pairs in the entropy inequality and the representation theorem. This mathematical model is thermodynamically and mathematically consistent and has closure. The solution of the IVPs described by this mathematical model related to tensile shock physics in TVES with memory are obtained using space-time coupled finite element method based on space-time residual functional for a space-time strip with time marching. p-version hierarchical space-time local approximations with higher order global differentiability in hpk-scalar product spaces and use of minimally conforming spaces ensure that all space-time integrals over space-time discretization are Riemann. This facilitates more accurate description of the physics in the computational process. Model problem studies are presented to illustrate various aspects of tensile shock physics in compressible TVES with rheology.
