Objective:To explore the obstructive factors in the behavior of medical staff during the implementation of respiratory rehabilitation process,and to provide a basis for the rehabilitation management intervention of CO...Objective:To explore the obstructive factors in the behavior of medical staff during the implementation of respiratory rehabilitation process,and to provide a basis for the rehabilitation management intervention of COPD.Methods:A descriptive nature research method was adopted.An interview outline was formulated based on the theoretical domain framework.From October to December 2024,15 medical staff from the respiratory department of a tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province were selected for semi-structured interviews.The interview data were analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Result:The analysis of this study found that the obstructive factors for medical staff to implement respiratory rehabilitation include five theoretical domains.The problems are respectively the lack of knowledge about respiratory rehabilitation and insufficient training intensity,the insufficient self-recognition of implementing respiratory rehabilitation,the low awareness rate of patients and the low cooperation degree,the insufficient provision of instruments and facilities,the lack of rehabilitation training venues and respiratory rehabilitation clinics,and the lack of scientific and standardized respiratory rehabilitation management processes.Conclusion:There are many obstructive factors affecting the implementation of respiratory rehabilitation by medical staff.Clinical managers should take corresponding measures,continuously improve the rehabilitation management strategies for COPD,and promote the clinical application of the best evidence for respiratory rehabilitation.展开更多
In the paper, theoretical framework of Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Park planning was constructed based on circular agriculture, modern agriculture, garden landscape and management of agriculture SciTe...In the paper, theoretical framework of Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Park planning was constructed based on circular agriculture, modern agriculture, garden landscape and management of agriculture SciTech park, and the concerning meaning and characteristics were introduced, providing theoretical bases and guidance for circular agriculture SciTech park.展开更多
Background:Since the completion of the Human Genome Project,health science has been strongly influenced by the advances in genetics and genomics.However,the progress of embracing genetics and genomics into nursing dis...Background:Since the completion of the Human Genome Project,health science has been strongly influenced by the advances in genetics and genomics.However,the progress of embracing genetics and genomics into nursing discipline is limited.One of the main barriers is lack of understanding on the relevancy of genetics and genomics to nursing discipline.Objectives:This paper aims to synthesize and develop a theoretical framework for the interaction of nursing discipline with genetics and genomics.Methods:Through content analysis and constant comparative method,a theoretical framework was developed from synthesis of the studies regarding nursing and genetics/genomics indexed in multiple English and Chinese databases.Results:Four main theoretical statements were constructed in the framework:1)There are three ways to show how genetics and genomics can influence nursing discipline:a new specialty,new technologies and a new lens;2)The significant contribution of nursing discipline to genetics and genomics lies in how nurses could focus on the association between human responses and genes and how nurses could advocate for their clients in the genetic and genomic era;3)A paradigm shift occurs after a constant interaction of nursing discipline with genetics and genomics;4)Implementation strategies could be used to facilitate the integration of genetics and genomics to nursing discipline and advance the paradigm shift.Conclusions:The framework will help to understand the relationship between nursing discipline and genetics and genomics and implicate the future studies integrating genetics and genomic science into nursing discipline.展开更多
Atmospheric chemistry research has been growing rapidly in China in the last 25 years since the concept of the“air pollution complex”was first proposed by Professor Xiaoyan TANG in 1997.For papers published in 2021 ...Atmospheric chemistry research has been growing rapidly in China in the last 25 years since the concept of the“air pollution complex”was first proposed by Professor Xiaoyan TANG in 1997.For papers published in 2021 on air pollution(only papers included in the Web of Science Core Collection database were considered),more than 24000 papers were authored or co-authored by scientists working in China.In this paper,we review a limited number of representative and significant studies on atmospheric chemistry in China in the last few years,including studies on(1)sources and emission inventories,(2)atmospheric chemical processes,(3)interactions of air pollution with meteorology,weather and climate,(4)interactions between the biosphere and atmosphere,and(5)data assimilation.The intention was not to provide a complete review of all progress made in the last few years,but rather to serve as a starting point for learning more about atmospheric chemistry research in China.The advances reviewed in this paper have enabled a theoretical framework for the air pollution complex to be established,provided robust scientific support to highly successful air pollution control policies in China,and created great opportunities in education,training,and career development for many graduate students and young scientists.This paper further highlights that developing and low-income countries that are heavily affected by air pollution can benefit from these research advances,whilst at the same time acknowledging that many challenges and opportunities still remain in atmospheric chemistry research in China,to hopefully be addressed over the next few decades.展开更多
Urban-rural integration is an advanced form resulting from the future evolution of urban-rural relationships.Nevertheless,little research has explored whether urban and rural areas can move from dual segmentation to i...Urban-rural integration is an advanced form resulting from the future evolution of urban-rural relationships.Nevertheless,little research has explored whether urban and rural areas can move from dual segmentation to integrated development from a theoretical or empirical perspective.Based on the research framework of welfare economics,which offers an appealing paradigm to frame the underlying game between cities and villages,this study clarifies the ideal state of urban-rural integration.It then proposes a series of basic assumptions,and constructs a corresponding objective function and its constraints.Moreover,it assesses the possibility of seeing the transmutation from division to integration between urban and rural areas with continuous socio-economic development.The authors argue that the ideal state of urban-rural integration should be a Pareto-driven optimal allocation of urban-rural resources and outputs,and the maximization of social welfare in the entire region.Based on a systematic demonstration using mathematical models,the study proposes that urban and rural areas can enter this ideal integrated development pattern when certain parameter conditions are met.In general,this study demonstrates the theoretical logic and scientific foundations of urban-rural integration,enriches theoretical studies about urban-rural relationships,and provides basic theoretical support for large developing countries to build a coordinated and orderly urban-rural community with a shared future.展开更多
Based on investigations of 112 Chinese firms and studies on foreign leading corporations, a theoretical framework of dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation (SI) is put forward. Several large firms in China wi...Based on investigations of 112 Chinese firms and studies on foreign leading corporations, a theoretical framework of dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation (SI) is put forward. Several large firms in China winning through SI were studied empirically. This paper complements previous publications on the theories of innovation and strategy. This work's findings will be useful for managers interested in our approach, which highlights the importance of SI and focuses on and points out the major pitfalls in the innovation processes. Implementing the dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation can effectively cultivate and develop core competences of corporations. It is concluded that implementing SI is the only path for Chinese enterprise growth in the intensified competition in the knowledge economy.展开更多
Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fi...Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fitness, and promote a comprehensive development of their physical and mental activity, meanwhile basketball is not only a comprehensive gaming activity, but also an integral part of modern competitive sports, in some way, basketball culture is belonging to a particular social and cultural patterns. The quality of the basketball culture can cultivate people＇ s sentiments in the teaching process, and develop human wisdom, so that people grasp different spatial abilities and skills with the laws and govern the movement of the body under the time, the paper analyzes Practice mode theoretical framework of the construction of the basketball sports college education curriculum system.展开更多
Along with the history of the development of financial regulation, we can see that the theory of evolution has experienced from financial liberalization to financial supervision, financial regulation, then to the stag...Along with the history of the development of financial regulation, we can see that the theory of evolution has experienced from financial liberalization to financial supervision, financial regulation, then to the stage both with the safety and efficiency of financial supervision ; development of the theory of financial regulation experienced the theory of financial supervision represented by classical economics and neo- classical economic theory, to the Keynesian theory and financial repression theory, financial fragility hypothesis, the progressive liberalization of the financial road, then to the financial regulatory theory, regulatory function theory concept, regulatory incentives theory under the framework of economics of information in the 1990s. You can see the way scholars will not have feared in the study of financial regulation, and each theory proposed has its special significance in the special economic and financial environment at the time, and we can not necessarily say what kind of theory is advanced in other theory.展开更多
Quantum algorithms have demonstrated provable speedups over classical counterparts,yet establishing a comprehensive theoretical framework to understand the quantum advantage remains a core challenge.In this work,we de...Quantum algorithms have demonstrated provable speedups over classical counterparts,yet establishing a comprehensive theoretical framework to understand the quantum advantage remains a core challenge.In this work,we decode the quantum search advantage by investigating the critical role of quantum state properties in random-walk-based algorithms.We propose three distinct variants of quantum random-walk search algorithms and derive exact analytical expressions for their success probabilities.These probabilities are fundamentally determined by specific initial state properties:the coherence fraction governs the first algorithm’s performance,while entanglement and coherence dominate the outcomes of the second and third algorithms,respectively.We show that increased coherence fraction enhances success probability,but greater entanglement and coherence reduce it in the latter two cases.These findings reveal fundamental insights into harnessing quantum properties for advantage and guide algorithm design.Our searches achieve Grover-like speedups and show significant potential for quantum-enhanced machine learning.展开更多
Persistent physical symptom(PPS)is a common condition in sub‐healthy population and patients with chronic disease,and significantly influences the quality of life.Many PPS cannot be explained by any known disease,and...Persistent physical symptom(PPS)is a common condition in sub‐healthy population and patients with chronic disease,and significantly influences the quality of life.Many PPS cannot be explained by any known disease,and thereby are attributed to socio‐psychological reasons and treated by psychological interventions,such as cognitive behavior treatment.However,it is not ideal to rationalize and manage the PPS lack of pathophysiological explanation relying on psychological approaches.The entrenched disease‐centered biomedical mode limits the perception of PPS.Traditional medicine is a unique methodology of medicine independent from biomedical mode.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),achieved knowledge of health and disease from extensive observation and developed theoretical framework based on ancient mathematics using the principles of ancient naive materialism and dialectical materialism,has amassed extensive experience in symptom management.Particularly,the system of body constitution in TCM serves a reference model of evidence‐based integration of traditional and modern medicine in healthcare,and offers a promising approach for managing PPS.Nine types of body constitution were identified and validated through a series of scientific research.Individuals with a specific type of body constitution tend to present a corresponding cluster of symptoms,physical signs,disease susceptibility and prognosis.Adjustment of unhealthy constitution helps the symptom control and disease management.Standardized protocol of body constitution classification was established as an industry standard,and that of body constitution adjustment was compiled as clinical guidelines for quality control.Taken together,such evidence‐based integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine provides new avenues for managing PPS effectively.展开更多
Coordinated mission decision-making is one of the core steps to effectively exploit the capabilities of cooperative attack of multiple aircrafts. However, the situational assessment is an essential base to realize the...Coordinated mission decision-making is one of the core steps to effectively exploit the capabilities of cooperative attack of multiple aircrafts. However, the situational assessment is an essential base to realize the mission decision-making. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a mission decision-making method of multi-aircraft cooperatively attacking multi-target based on situational assessment. We have studied the situational assessment mathematical model based on the Dempster-Shafer(D-S) evidence theory and the mission decision-making mathematical model based on the game theory. The proposed mission decision-making method of antagonized airfight is validated by some simulation examples of a swarm of unmanned combat aerial vehicles(UCAVs)that carry out the mission of the suppressing of enemy air defenses(SEAD).展开更多
A large unified hybrid network model with a variable speed growth （LUHNM-VSG） is proposed as third model of the unified hybrid network theoretical framework （UHNTF）. A hybrid growth ratio vg of deterministic linki...A large unified hybrid network model with a variable speed growth （LUHNM-VSG） is proposed as third model of the unified hybrid network theoretical framework （UHNTF）. A hybrid growth ratio vg of deterministic linking number to random linking number and variable speed growth index a are introduced in it. The main effects of vg and a on topological transition features of the LUHNM-VSC are revealed. For comparison with the other models, we construct a type of the network complexity pyramid with seven levels, in which from the bottom level-1 to the top level-7 of the pyramid simplicity-universality is increasing but complexity-diversity is decreasing. The transition relations between them depend on matching of four hybrid ratios （dr, fd, gr, vg）. Thus the most of network models can be investigated in the unification way via four hybrid ratios （dr, fd, gr, vg）. The LUHNM-VSG as the level-1 of the pyramid is much better and closer to description of real-world networks as well as has potential application.展开更多
Ammonia(NH3), a carbon-free hydrogen carrier, is an important commodity for the food supply chain owing to its high energy capacity and ease of storage and transport. The Haber-Bosch process is currently the favored i...Ammonia(NH3), a carbon-free hydrogen carrier, is an important commodity for the food supply chain owing to its high energy capacity and ease of storage and transport. The Haber-Bosch process is currently the favored industrial method for large-scale ammonia production but requires energy-intensive and sophisticated infrastructure which hampers its utilization in a sustainable and decentralized system of manufacture.The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR) at ambient conditions holds great potential for sustainable production of ammonia using electricity generated from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. However, this approach is limited by a low rate of ammonia production with high overpotential and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). For a better understanding and utilization of eNRR as a sustainable process, insight into rational catalyst design and mechanistic evaluations by a theoretically-directed experimental approach is imperative. Herein, recent insights into rational catalyst design and mechanisms, based on intrinsic and extrinsic catalytic activity are articulated.Following the elucidation of basic principles and mechanisms, a framework supplied by theoretical studies that lead to the optimal selection and development of eNRR catalysts is presented. Following a discussion of recently developed electrocatalysts for eNRR, we outline various recently-used theoretical and experimental methodologies to improve the intrinsic and extrinsic catalytic activity of advanced electrocatalysts.This review is anticipated to contribute to the development of active, selective, and efficient catalysts for nitrogen reduction.展开更多
WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment),also called e-waste,has become the world’s fastest-growing waste stream but only has a 17.4%recycling rate according to the Global E-waste Monitor 2020.The collection r...WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment),also called e-waste,has become the world’s fastest-growing waste stream but only has a 17.4%recycling rate according to the Global E-waste Monitor 2020.The collection rate for sWEEE(Small WEEE),e.g.,used mobile phones,is even lower than 10%due to stockpiling at home and improper disposal via the general waste or private informal channels.The purpose of this paper was to(a)review how the TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior)was applied in the literature related to consumer behavioral intention for WEEE recycling and determine the most significant TPB predictors by comparing their standardized influence coefficients across various studies,and(b)identify additional behavior determinants specific to sWEEE recycling and thus develop a new TPB-sWEEE theoretical framework by integrating the TPB model with these new determinants in order to improve the predictability of consumers’sWEEE recycling behavioral intention.This paper reviewed over 30 peer-reviewed studies from Scopus and high impact factor journals and led to the following three key findings:(a)More variables of recycling behavioral intention determinants such as the size of WEEE need to be considered;(b)Eight sWEEE-specific behavioral determinants have been identified and included in the newly developed TPB-sWEEE model,including consumers’Sentimental Attachment,Data Security Concern,Economic Incentives,and How-to Knowledge;(c)For some sWEEE-specific determinants,their extent of influence differs across various regions and countries.This paper contributes to the sWEEE-specific consumer recycling behavior theoretical framework to fill the existing gap in the literature and provides recommendations through the new model for research-based behavioral intervention strategies and policy designs globally.展开更多
Cognitive radio(CR) can bring about remarkable improvement in spectrum utilization.Different cognition cycles have been proposed in recent years.However,most of the existing works only emphasize functional or operatio...Cognitive radio(CR) can bring about remarkable improvement in spectrum utilization.Different cognition cycles have been proposed in recent years.However,most of the existing works only emphasize functional or operational aspects of cognition cycle,regardless of other indispensable aspects and the connection between them.To deal with the emerging situation of "data rich,information vague,knowledge poor" in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),we propose the hierarchical cognition cycle(HCC) as a new transdisciplinary research field in this paper.HCC investigates a fundamental problem,which is how to manage available resources in the complex environment to meet various demands in CRN.A comprehensive theoretical framework of HCC is established in terms of the core,the essence loop,the function loop,the operation loop,and the external loop of HCC.The reduction of uncertainty in CRN is studied and several new metrics in HCC are defined.Furthermore,a few research challenges ahead are presented as well.展开更多
The social and economic development level of rural areas, the productivity of agriculture and the life quality of farmers were always the greatest concerns of Chinese Central Government. Therefore, the research relate...The social and economic development level of rural areas, the productivity of agriculture and the life quality of farmers were always the greatest concerns of Chinese Central Government. Therefore, the research related to rural areas, agriculture and farmers had remained as the prominent parts for a long period and would continue to be prominent in the future to build China into a moderately prosperous nation in an all-round way. Chinese rural area had constantly experienced three significant system reforms since 1978, namely the reform of rural management system, the rural tax and fee reform and the rural comprehensive reform. This paper attempted to analyze the theoretic framework and the content structure of the comprehensive rural reform since it was the higher stage of rural institutional vicissitude, which had changed the governance and operation system and thus promoted the great changes to fundamental social and economic system in rural areas. The theoretic framework of comprehensive rural reform covered three aspects in its content, namely the rural governance theory, the government function theory and the public finance theory. The comprehensive rural reform was a complicated system engineering with multiple dimensions and targets mainly including rural political restructuring, rural economic restructuring and rural public products allocation restructuring. The reform had focused on enhancing the vitality of agricultural and rural development, breaking through the urban and rural binary system, and further reducing the disparity between cities and countrysides, so as to realize the urban-rural integration. It was necessary to clarify and understand the key mechanism and intrinsic logic of the rural comprehensive reform, which was helpful to establish the foundation constituted by scientific methodology to implement the reform and evaluation criterion to judge the reform performance.展开更多
The Golden Ratio Theorem, deeply rooted in fractal mathematics, presents a pioneering perspective on deciphering complex systems. It draws a profound connection between the principles of interchangeability, self-simil...The Golden Ratio Theorem, deeply rooted in fractal mathematics, presents a pioneering perspective on deciphering complex systems. It draws a profound connection between the principles of interchangeability, self-similarity, and the mathematical elegance of the Golden Ratio. This research unravels a unique methodological paradigm, emphasizing the omnipresence of the Golden Ratio in shaping system dynamics. The novelty of this study stems from its detailed exposition of self-similarity and interchangeability, transforming them from mere abstract notions into actionable, concrete insights. By highlighting the fractal nature of the Golden Ratio, the implications of these revelations become far-reaching, heralding new avenues for both theoretical advancements and pragmatic applications across a spectrum of scientific disciplines.展开更多
Aim and Objectives: The aim of this article is to explore whether the specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory which include characteristics of caring, people’s concerns and commit...Aim and Objectives: The aim of this article is to explore whether the specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory which include characteristics of caring, people’s concerns and commitments underlying caring, conditions that enhance/inhibit caring and consequences of caring and non-caring could be used in categorizing findings from two literature reviews investigating the concept of care. Background: Nursing has a long legacy as a caring/healing profession where caring is increasingly posited as one of the core concepts in modern nursing science. However, the meanings given to the concept of care remain elusive, ambiguous and unclear. Design: Two systematic literature reviews. Method: Twenty-nine articles based on strategic inclusion and exclusion criteria were synthesized. Data was retrieved from CINAHL, Medline, Embase and PsycInfo covering the period 2003-2016. The literature search used the key words care, concept analysis, systematic review, meta-synthesis, meta-analysis and narrative review. Results: Major themes found were related to the following characteristics of caring persons: compassionate, knowledgeable, positive and reflective. Concerns and commitments underlying caring were doing the right thing, connecting, focusing on the others’ experience, acknowledging individual dignity and worth and being present. Conditions that enhanced/inhibited caring were situational constraints, personality traits, communication skills, health problems and organizational features. Consequences of caring and non-caring actions included both positive and negative emotional, spiritual, physical, and social outcomes for patients, families and nurses. Conclusion: The specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory are highly suitable for categorizing the findings from three literature reviews on the concept of care. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory can be used to guide clinical practice and encourage an individual approach to care. It has been shown to contain clear, comprehensible language in its theoretical basis;this encourages use in clinical practice.展开更多
One Health approach is a global public good(GPG)that invites governance to maximize the health of humans,animals,and the environment by shaping interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral collaboration.This paper explores th...One Health approach is a global public good(GPG)that invites governance to maximize the health of humans,animals,and the environment by shaping interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral collaboration.This paper explores the theoretical foundations,practical applications,and ethical considerations of the One Health governance architecture.At the theoretical level,One Health governance invites systems thinking and involves collaborative efforts among multiple stakeholders,applying across multi-layered scenarios and requires public-private partnership(PPP).This governance architecture transcends traditional anthropocentrism and shifts towards ecocentrism,highlighting the integrity of ecosystems and the deep prevention of diseases.Selected case studies illustrate the implementation of One Health initiatives,such as shared water resources,disease surveillance programmes,and sustainable environmental health interventions,demonstrating the added value of a collaborative efforts across sectors and regions.Ethical considerations are integral to decision-making and actions of One Health governance,with a focus on equity,inclusivity and accountability,providing moral guidelines to prioritize the health of vulnerable populations and ecosystems.Through these efforts,One Health governance is expected to improve public health globally,promote sustainable development,and achieve a harmonious coexistence of human,animal,and environmental health.展开更多
基金Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund Program 2023(Project No.:2023HL-12)。
文摘Objective:To explore the obstructive factors in the behavior of medical staff during the implementation of respiratory rehabilitation process,and to provide a basis for the rehabilitation management intervention of COPD.Methods:A descriptive nature research method was adopted.An interview outline was formulated based on the theoretical domain framework.From October to December 2024,15 medical staff from the respiratory department of a tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province were selected for semi-structured interviews.The interview data were analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Result:The analysis of this study found that the obstructive factors for medical staff to implement respiratory rehabilitation include five theoretical domains.The problems are respectively the lack of knowledge about respiratory rehabilitation and insufficient training intensity,the insufficient self-recognition of implementing respiratory rehabilitation,the low awareness rate of patients and the low cooperation degree,the insufficient provision of instruments and facilities,the lack of rehabilitation training venues and respiratory rehabilitation clinics,and the lack of scientific and standardized respiratory rehabilitation management processes.Conclusion:There are many obstructive factors affecting the implementation of respiratory rehabilitation by medical staff.Clinical managers should take corresponding measures,continuously improve the rehabilitation management strategies for COPD,and promote the clinical application of the best evidence for respiratory rehabilitation.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QN2009003)~~
文摘In the paper, theoretical framework of Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Park planning was constructed based on circular agriculture, modern agriculture, garden landscape and management of agriculture SciTech park, and the concerning meaning and characteristics were introduced, providing theoretical bases and guidance for circular agriculture SciTech park.
基金This study was funded by Shanghai Jiaotong University Multidisciplinary Research Grant,17JCYA14.The first author(Hu)was supported by Ontario Trillium Scholarship in a PhD program at the University of Ottawa
文摘Background:Since the completion of the Human Genome Project,health science has been strongly influenced by the advances in genetics and genomics.However,the progress of embracing genetics and genomics into nursing discipline is limited.One of the main barriers is lack of understanding on the relevancy of genetics and genomics to nursing discipline.Objectives:This paper aims to synthesize and develop a theoretical framework for the interaction of nursing discipline with genetics and genomics.Methods:Through content analysis and constant comparative method,a theoretical framework was developed from synthesis of the studies regarding nursing and genetics/genomics indexed in multiple English and Chinese databases.Results:Four main theoretical statements were constructed in the framework:1)There are three ways to show how genetics and genomics can influence nursing discipline:a new specialty,new technologies and a new lens;2)The significant contribution of nursing discipline to genetics and genomics lies in how nurses could focus on the association between human responses and genes and how nurses could advocate for their clients in the genetic and genomic era;3)A paradigm shift occurs after a constant interaction of nursing discipline with genetics and genomics;4)Implementation strategies could be used to facilitate the integration of genetics and genomics to nursing discipline and advance the paradigm shift.Conclusions:The framework will help to understand the relationship between nursing discipline and genetics and genomics and implicate the future studies integrating genetics and genomic science into nursing discipline.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91844000)。
文摘Atmospheric chemistry research has been growing rapidly in China in the last 25 years since the concept of the“air pollution complex”was first proposed by Professor Xiaoyan TANG in 1997.For papers published in 2021 on air pollution(only papers included in the Web of Science Core Collection database were considered),more than 24000 papers were authored or co-authored by scientists working in China.In this paper,we review a limited number of representative and significant studies on atmospheric chemistry in China in the last few years,including studies on(1)sources and emission inventories,(2)atmospheric chemical processes,(3)interactions of air pollution with meteorology,weather and climate,(4)interactions between the biosphere and atmosphere,and(5)data assimilation.The intention was not to provide a complete review of all progress made in the last few years,but rather to serve as a starting point for learning more about atmospheric chemistry research in China.The advances reviewed in this paper have enabled a theoretical framework for the air pollution complex to be established,provided robust scientific support to highly successful air pollution control policies in China,and created great opportunities in education,training,and career development for many graduate students and young scientists.This paper further highlights that developing and low-income countries that are heavily affected by air pollution can benefit from these research advances,whilst at the same time acknowledging that many challenges and opportunities still remain in atmospheric chemistry research in China,to hopefully be addressed over the next few decades.
基金The Philosophy and Social Science Research Major Project of Jiangsu University,No.2023SJZD056National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41901205。
文摘Urban-rural integration is an advanced form resulting from the future evolution of urban-rural relationships.Nevertheless,little research has explored whether urban and rural areas can move from dual segmentation to integrated development from a theoretical or empirical perspective.Based on the research framework of welfare economics,which offers an appealing paradigm to frame the underlying game between cities and villages,this study clarifies the ideal state of urban-rural integration.It then proposes a series of basic assumptions,and constructs a corresponding objective function and its constraints.Moreover,it assesses the possibility of seeing the transmutation from division to integration between urban and rural areas with continuous socio-economic development.The authors argue that the ideal state of urban-rural integration should be a Pareto-driven optimal allocation of urban-rural resources and outputs,and the maximization of social welfare in the entire region.Based on a systematic demonstration using mathematical models,the study proposes that urban and rural areas can enter this ideal integrated development pattern when certain parameter conditions are met.In general,this study demonstrates the theoretical logic and scientific foundations of urban-rural integration,enriches theoretical studies about urban-rural relationships,and provides basic theoretical support for large developing countries to build a coordinated and orderly urban-rural community with a shared future.
文摘Based on investigations of 112 Chinese firms and studies on foreign leading corporations, a theoretical framework of dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation (SI) is put forward. Several large firms in China winning through SI were studied empirically. This paper complements previous publications on the theories of innovation and strategy. This work's findings will be useful for managers interested in our approach, which highlights the importance of SI and focuses on and points out the major pitfalls in the innovation processes. Implementing the dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation can effectively cultivate and develop core competences of corporations. It is concluded that implementing SI is the only path for Chinese enterprise growth in the intensified competition in the knowledge economy.
文摘Education is the combination of basketball education and basketball activity. It is a kind of activity that basketball is as the core form, it is in order to enhance the skills of participants, technology, physical fitness, and promote a comprehensive development of their physical and mental activity, meanwhile basketball is not only a comprehensive gaming activity, but also an integral part of modern competitive sports, in some way, basketball culture is belonging to a particular social and cultural patterns. The quality of the basketball culture can cultivate people＇ s sentiments in the teaching process, and develop human wisdom, so that people grasp different spatial abilities and skills with the laws and govern the movement of the body under the time, the paper analyzes Practice mode theoretical framework of the construction of the basketball sports college education curriculum system.
文摘Along with the history of the development of financial regulation, we can see that the theory of evolution has experienced from financial liberalization to financial supervision, financial regulation, then to the stage both with the safety and efficiency of financial supervision ; development of the theory of financial regulation experienced the theory of financial supervision represented by classical economics and neo- classical economic theory, to the Keynesian theory and financial repression theory, financial fragility hypothesis, the progressive liberalization of the financial road, then to the financial regulatory theory, regulatory function theory concept, regulatory incentives theory under the framework of economics of information in the 1990s. You can see the way scholars will not have feared in the study of financial regulation, and each theory proposed has its special significance in the special economic and financial environment at the time, and we can not necessarily say what kind of theory is advanced in other theory.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12371132,12075159,12171044,12071179,and 12405006)the specific research fund of the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province.
文摘Quantum algorithms have demonstrated provable speedups over classical counterparts,yet establishing a comprehensive theoretical framework to understand the quantum advantage remains a core challenge.In this work,we decode the quantum search advantage by investigating the critical role of quantum state properties in random-walk-based algorithms.We propose three distinct variants of quantum random-walk search algorithms and derive exact analytical expressions for their success probabilities.These probabilities are fundamentally determined by specific initial state properties:the coherence fraction governs the first algorithm’s performance,while entanglement and coherence dominate the outcomes of the second and third algorithms,respectively.We show that increased coherence fraction enhances success probability,but greater entanglement and coherence reduce it in the latter two cases.These findings reveal fundamental insights into harnessing quantum properties for advantage and guide algorithm design.Our searches achieve Grover-like speedups and show significant potential for quantum-enhanced machine learning.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(L232118)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2341006)+1 种基金the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Basic Research Operating Funds(2023‐JYB‐JBZD‐023the High‐Level Key Discipline of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Traditional Chinese Constitutional Medicine(zyyzdxk‐2023251).
文摘Persistent physical symptom(PPS)is a common condition in sub‐healthy population and patients with chronic disease,and significantly influences the quality of life.Many PPS cannot be explained by any known disease,and thereby are attributed to socio‐psychological reasons and treated by psychological interventions,such as cognitive behavior treatment.However,it is not ideal to rationalize and manage the PPS lack of pathophysiological explanation relying on psychological approaches.The entrenched disease‐centered biomedical mode limits the perception of PPS.Traditional medicine is a unique methodology of medicine independent from biomedical mode.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),achieved knowledge of health and disease from extensive observation and developed theoretical framework based on ancient mathematics using the principles of ancient naive materialism and dialectical materialism,has amassed extensive experience in symptom management.Particularly,the system of body constitution in TCM serves a reference model of evidence‐based integration of traditional and modern medicine in healthcare,and offers a promising approach for managing PPS.Nine types of body constitution were identified and validated through a series of scientific research.Individuals with a specific type of body constitution tend to present a corresponding cluster of symptoms,physical signs,disease susceptibility and prognosis.Adjustment of unhealthy constitution helps the symptom control and disease management.Standardized protocol of body constitution classification was established as an industry standard,and that of body constitution adjustment was compiled as clinical guidelines for quality control.Taken together,such evidence‐based integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine provides new avenues for managing PPS effectively.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 05D01002)
文摘Coordinated mission decision-making is one of the core steps to effectively exploit the capabilities of cooperative attack of multiple aircrafts. However, the situational assessment is an essential base to realize the mission decision-making. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a mission decision-making method of multi-aircraft cooperatively attacking multi-target based on situational assessment. We have studied the situational assessment mathematical model based on the Dempster-Shafer(D-S) evidence theory and the mission decision-making mathematical model based on the game theory. The proposed mission decision-making method of antagonized airfight is validated by some simulation examples of a swarm of unmanned combat aerial vehicles(UCAVs)that carry out the mission of the suppressing of enemy air defenses(SEAD).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 70431002, 10647001, and 60874087
文摘A large unified hybrid network model with a variable speed growth （LUHNM-VSG） is proposed as third model of the unified hybrid network theoretical framework （UHNTF）. A hybrid growth ratio vg of deterministic linking number to random linking number and variable speed growth index a are introduced in it. The main effects of vg and a on topological transition features of the LUHNM-VSC are revealed. For comparison with the other models, we construct a type of the network complexity pyramid with seven levels, in which from the bottom level-1 to the top level-7 of the pyramid simplicity-universality is increasing but complexity-diversity is decreasing. The transition relations between them depend on matching of four hybrid ratios （dr, fd, gr, vg）. Thus the most of network models can be investigated in the unification way via four hybrid ratios （dr, fd, gr, vg）. The LUHNM-VSG as the level-1 of the pyramid is much better and closer to description of real-world networks as well as has potential application.
基金supported by Australian Research Council (DP210103892)Australian Research Council for the award of Future Fellowship (FT170100224)。
文摘Ammonia(NH3), a carbon-free hydrogen carrier, is an important commodity for the food supply chain owing to its high energy capacity and ease of storage and transport. The Haber-Bosch process is currently the favored industrial method for large-scale ammonia production but requires energy-intensive and sophisticated infrastructure which hampers its utilization in a sustainable and decentralized system of manufacture.The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR) at ambient conditions holds great potential for sustainable production of ammonia using electricity generated from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. However, this approach is limited by a low rate of ammonia production with high overpotential and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). For a better understanding and utilization of eNRR as a sustainable process, insight into rational catalyst design and mechanistic evaluations by a theoretically-directed experimental approach is imperative. Herein, recent insights into rational catalyst design and mechanisms, based on intrinsic and extrinsic catalytic activity are articulated.Following the elucidation of basic principles and mechanisms, a framework supplied by theoretical studies that lead to the optimal selection and development of eNRR catalysts is presented. Following a discussion of recently developed electrocatalysts for eNRR, we outline various recently-used theoretical and experimental methodologies to improve the intrinsic and extrinsic catalytic activity of advanced electrocatalysts.This review is anticipated to contribute to the development of active, selective, and efficient catalysts for nitrogen reduction.
文摘WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment),also called e-waste,has become the world’s fastest-growing waste stream but only has a 17.4%recycling rate according to the Global E-waste Monitor 2020.The collection rate for sWEEE(Small WEEE),e.g.,used mobile phones,is even lower than 10%due to stockpiling at home and improper disposal via the general waste or private informal channels.The purpose of this paper was to(a)review how the TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior)was applied in the literature related to consumer behavioral intention for WEEE recycling and determine the most significant TPB predictors by comparing their standardized influence coefficients across various studies,and(b)identify additional behavior determinants specific to sWEEE recycling and thus develop a new TPB-sWEEE theoretical framework by integrating the TPB model with these new determinants in order to improve the predictability of consumers’sWEEE recycling behavioral intention.This paper reviewed over 30 peer-reviewed studies from Scopus and high impact factor journals and led to the following three key findings:(a)More variables of recycling behavioral intention determinants such as the size of WEEE need to be considered;(b)Eight sWEEE-specific behavioral determinants have been identified and included in the newly developed TPB-sWEEE model,including consumers’Sentimental Attachment,Data Security Concern,Economic Incentives,and How-to Knowledge;(c)For some sWEEE-specific determinants,their extent of influence differs across various regions and countries.This paper contributes to the sWEEE-specific consumer recycling behavior theoretical framework to fill the existing gap in the literature and provides recommendations through the new model for research-based behavioral intervention strategies and policy designs globally.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program) under Grant No.2009CB320400the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.60932002,61172062,61301160the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu,China under Grant No.BK2011116
文摘Cognitive radio(CR) can bring about remarkable improvement in spectrum utilization.Different cognition cycles have been proposed in recent years.However,most of the existing works only emphasize functional or operational aspects of cognition cycle,regardless of other indispensable aspects and the connection between them.To deal with the emerging situation of "data rich,information vague,knowledge poor" in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),we propose the hierarchical cognition cycle(HCC) as a new transdisciplinary research field in this paper.HCC investigates a fundamental problem,which is how to manage available resources in the complex environment to meet various demands in CRN.A comprehensive theoretical framework of HCC is established in terms of the core,the essence loop,the function loop,the operation loop,and the external loop of HCC.The reduction of uncertainty in CRN is studied and several new metrics in HCC are defined.Furthermore,a few research challenges ahead are presented as well.
基金Supported by the Funding from the Doctoral Research Foundation of Zhaoqing University(2013)
文摘The social and economic development level of rural areas, the productivity of agriculture and the life quality of farmers were always the greatest concerns of Chinese Central Government. Therefore, the research related to rural areas, agriculture and farmers had remained as the prominent parts for a long period and would continue to be prominent in the future to build China into a moderately prosperous nation in an all-round way. Chinese rural area had constantly experienced three significant system reforms since 1978, namely the reform of rural management system, the rural tax and fee reform and the rural comprehensive reform. This paper attempted to analyze the theoretic framework and the content structure of the comprehensive rural reform since it was the higher stage of rural institutional vicissitude, which had changed the governance and operation system and thus promoted the great changes to fundamental social and economic system in rural areas. The theoretic framework of comprehensive rural reform covered three aspects in its content, namely the rural governance theory, the government function theory and the public finance theory. The comprehensive rural reform was a complicated system engineering with multiple dimensions and targets mainly including rural political restructuring, rural economic restructuring and rural public products allocation restructuring. The reform had focused on enhancing the vitality of agricultural and rural development, breaking through the urban and rural binary system, and further reducing the disparity between cities and countrysides, so as to realize the urban-rural integration. It was necessary to clarify and understand the key mechanism and intrinsic logic of the rural comprehensive reform, which was helpful to establish the foundation constituted by scientific methodology to implement the reform and evaluation criterion to judge the reform performance.
文摘The Golden Ratio Theorem, deeply rooted in fractal mathematics, presents a pioneering perspective on deciphering complex systems. It draws a profound connection between the principles of interchangeability, self-similarity, and the mathematical elegance of the Golden Ratio. This research unravels a unique methodological paradigm, emphasizing the omnipresence of the Golden Ratio in shaping system dynamics. The novelty of this study stems from its detailed exposition of self-similarity and interchangeability, transforming them from mere abstract notions into actionable, concrete insights. By highlighting the fractal nature of the Golden Ratio, the implications of these revelations become far-reaching, heralding new avenues for both theoretical advancements and pragmatic applications across a spectrum of scientific disciplines.
文摘Aim and Objectives: The aim of this article is to explore whether the specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory which include characteristics of caring, people’s concerns and commitments underlying caring, conditions that enhance/inhibit caring and consequences of caring and non-caring could be used in categorizing findings from two literature reviews investigating the concept of care. Background: Nursing has a long legacy as a caring/healing profession where caring is increasingly posited as one of the core concepts in modern nursing science. However, the meanings given to the concept of care remain elusive, ambiguous and unclear. Design: Two systematic literature reviews. Method: Twenty-nine articles based on strategic inclusion and exclusion criteria were synthesized. Data was retrieved from CINAHL, Medline, Embase and PsycInfo covering the period 2003-2016. The literature search used the key words care, concept analysis, systematic review, meta-synthesis, meta-analysis and narrative review. Results: Major themes found were related to the following characteristics of caring persons: compassionate, knowledgeable, positive and reflective. Concerns and commitments underlying caring were doing the right thing, connecting, focusing on the others’ experience, acknowledging individual dignity and worth and being present. Conditions that enhanced/inhibited caring were situational constraints, personality traits, communication skills, health problems and organizational features. Consequences of caring and non-caring actions included both positive and negative emotional, spiritual, physical, and social outcomes for patients, families and nurses. Conclusion: The specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory are highly suitable for categorizing the findings from three literature reviews on the concept of care. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory can be used to guide clinical practice and encourage an individual approach to care. It has been shown to contain clear, comprehensible language in its theoretical basis;this encourages use in clinical practice.
基金supported by the Major projects of the National Social Science Fund of China[grant number 20&ZD201].
文摘One Health approach is a global public good(GPG)that invites governance to maximize the health of humans,animals,and the environment by shaping interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral collaboration.This paper explores the theoretical foundations,practical applications,and ethical considerations of the One Health governance architecture.At the theoretical level,One Health governance invites systems thinking and involves collaborative efforts among multiple stakeholders,applying across multi-layered scenarios and requires public-private partnership(PPP).This governance architecture transcends traditional anthropocentrism and shifts towards ecocentrism,highlighting the integrity of ecosystems and the deep prevention of diseases.Selected case studies illustrate the implementation of One Health initiatives,such as shared water resources,disease surveillance programmes,and sustainable environmental health interventions,demonstrating the added value of a collaborative efforts across sectors and regions.Ethical considerations are integral to decision-making and actions of One Health governance,with a focus on equity,inclusivity and accountability,providing moral guidelines to prioritize the health of vulnerable populations and ecosystems.Through these efforts,One Health governance is expected to improve public health globally,promote sustainable development,and achieve a harmonious coexistence of human,animal,and environmental health.
