On the basis of radiation transfer theory,adopting improved two-stream algorithm incorporated with addingalgorithm,we build up a theoretical calculation model of shortwave radiation for the earth-atmosphere system whi...On the basis of radiation transfer theory,adopting improved two-stream algorithm incorporated with addingalgorithm,we build up a theoretical calculation model of shortwave radiation for the earth-atmosphere system whichcan be applied with satellite data.The model can calculate direct solar radiation,scattering solar radiation,heating rateand other physical quantities of radiation field at every layer of the atmosphere and on the earth’s surface,if the under-ground reflectance or the planetary albedo obtained from satellite can be known.The model can be used in clear orcloudy atmosphere,and its calculating speed is fairly fast.We think that the model can be incorporated into large-scaleand mesoscale climatic models for the consideration of radiation calculation,and also it is useful for the utilization of so-lar energy.展开更多
In the implementation process of construction projects, building materials are the key elements, and the quality of materials will affect the overall quality of the project. In terms of project quality control, constr...In the implementation process of construction projects, building materials are the key elements, and the quality of materials will affect the overall quality of the project. In terms of project quality control, construction enterprises pay special attention to the detection results of building materials, and the detection accuracy will be affected by equipment, operation level and detection environment. In order to ensure that the use of building materials meets the corresponding standards, it is necessary to strengthen the control of detection results, and realize the control of material quality and project quality through standardized detection operation. Next, the article analyzes the key factors that affect the test results of building materials testing, and puts forward specific solutions.展开更多
Objective:To review follow-up imaging after equivocal bone scans in men with castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and examine the characteristics of equivocal bone scans that are associated with positive follow-u...Objective:To review follow-up imaging after equivocal bone scans in men with castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and examine the characteristics of equivocal bone scans that are associated with positive follow-up imaging.Methods:We identified 639 men from five Veterans Affairs Hospitals with a technetium-99m bone scan after CRPC diagnosis,of whom 99(15%)had equivocal scans.Men with equivocal scans were segregated into“high-risk”and“low-risk”subcategories based upon wording in the bone scan report.All follow-up imaging(bone scans,computed tomography[CT],magnetic resonance imaging[MRI],and X-rays)in the 3 months after the equivocal scan were reviewed.Variables were compared between patients with a positive vs.negative follow-up imaging after an equivocal bone scan.Results:Of 99 men with an equivocal bone scan,43(43%)received at least one follow-up imaging test,including 32/82(39%)with low-risk scans and 11/17(65%)with high-risk scans(p=0.052).Of follow-up tests,67%were negative,14%were equivocal,and 19%were positive.Among those who underwent follow-up imaging,3/32(9%)low-risk men had metastases vs.5/11(45%)high-risk men(p=0.015).Conclusion:While 19%of all men who received follow-up imaging had positive follow-up imaging,only 9%of those with a low-risk equivocal bone scan had metastases versus 45%of those with high-risk.These preliminary findings,if confirmed in larger studies,suggest follow-up imaging tests for low-risk equivocal scans can be delayed while high-risk equivocal scans should receive follow-up imaging.展开更多
Objective: the differences of blood routine test results between venous blood and capillary blood were analyzed. Methods: The subjects of the study were 120 healthy outpatients from August 2019 to August 2021. They we...Objective: the differences of blood routine test results between venous blood and capillary blood were analyzed. Methods: The subjects of the study were 120 healthy outpatients from August 2019 to August 2021. They were divided into two groups according to the random method (n=60 for each group). The capillary blood was collected in the control group and venous blood was collected in the observation group. The results of WBC, HCT, RBC, Hb, PLT, MCHC, MCV and HCT were statistically compared between the two groups. Results: WBC of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, HCT, RBC, Hb, PLT and MCHC of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, p < 0.05 (the difference was statistically significant). Compared with the control group, the MCV and HCT of the observation group had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: venous blood collection in blood routine test can improve the accuracy of test results, and can be the preferred collection method in blood collection with high clinical value.展开更多
To study and analyze the influence of peripheral blood and venous blood on the test results in blood routine test. Methods: from September 2020 to June 2021, 152 patients who underwent blood routine test were included...To study and analyze the influence of peripheral blood and venous blood on the test results in blood routine test. Methods: from September 2020 to June 2021, 152 patients who underwent blood routine test were included in the laboratory department of our hospital. All patients collected peripheral blood and venous blood for blood routine test respectively. The blood source of peripheral blood for blood routine test was peripheral blood group, and the blood source of elbow vein blood for blood routine test was venous blood group, The differences of blood routine test results between the two groups at 0 min were compared, and the blood sources of the two groups were tested for many times at 0 min, 10 min and 30 min after blood collection. The test results were analyzed and compared, and the satisfaction of the two blood collection methods, time and pain were evaluated. Results: at 0 min of blood collection, the leukocyte count value of venous blood group was lower than that of peripheral blood group, while the erythrocyte count value, hemoglobin concentration value, platelet count value, erythrocyte backlog value and average hemoglobin concentration value of venous blood group were higher than those of peripheral blood group (P < 0.05);However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05);The test results of peripheral blood group and venous blood group were compared for multiple tests at 0 min, 10 min and 30 min after blood collection respectively. There was no significant difference in the test results of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration in peripheral blood group at each time period (P > 0.05), while the test results of leukocyte count and platelet count at 0 min were different from those at 10 min. There was significant difference in the results of 30 min test (P < 0.05), indicating that the index value will change with time;There was no significant difference in the test results of leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and platelet count in the venous blood group (P > 0.05), indicating that the indexes in the blood were relatively stable;Comparing the satisfaction scores of the two groups, the scores of the two groups were higher, and the satisfaction of peripheral blood was slightly higher, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: comparing the satisfaction of the two groups of patients, the acceptability of the two blood collection methods is very high. From the analysis of the test results, on the whole, the test results of peripheral blood are slightly lower than those of venous blood. It is analyzed that the reason for this result may be that the peripheral blood causes the damage of blood cells during the extrusion process and reduces the count, and the white blood cell count. The platelet count value will change over time and affect the test results, while the venous blood test results have little difference within 30min, indicating that various indexes in venous blood are relatively stable within a certain period of time, and the accuracy of test results is higher.展开更多
For the further design of the particular gearbox components, the alternating cycles of the respective application mean an often insufficient knowledge of the actual loads occuring in use. Especially for the applicatio...For the further design of the particular gearbox components, the alternating cycles of the respective application mean an often insufficient knowledge of the actual loads occuring in use. Especially for the application within lifting units, such dynamic load cycles are very difficult to pre-estimate. The so-called slack rope test represents the most critical point in the load cycle and provides a special challenge for the gearbox design. Because of this missing expert knowledge, a test bench of such an application is installed and applied to practical movement cycles. Besides the test bench, a multi-body simulation model of the whole system is mapped within the MBS （multi-body simulation） environment SIMPACK. To verify this simulation model, the results are compared with the respective measurements of the test bench. These comparisons show very good agreements. Thus, one of the major advantages of using such simulation tools is the possibility to re-evaluate the internal and external loads during the whole design process. Finally, these simulations serve as a clarification of the load spectrum of the different drivetrain components. Gearbox series or different modifications of the design can now be analyzed prospectively without extensive testing.展开更多
Genetic screening has its uses:It helped A-list actor Angelina Jolie,for example,determine that she was at a high risk of breast cancer,leading to a preventative mastectomy.But what genetic screening can’t demonstrat...Genetic screening has its uses:It helped A-list actor Angelina Jolie,for example,determine that she was at a high risk of breast cancer,leading to a preventative mastectomy.But what genetic screening can’t demonstrate is whether,broadly speaking,your child will have an aptitude for mathematics or sports.Certain specific health problems,yes;but sweeping statements about the future character of an adult?The scientific evidence for such tests was展开更多
The following problem is called the everywhere-cover problem:“Given a set of dependencies over a database scheme,is the set of dependencies explicitly given for each relation scheme equivalent to the dependencies imp...The following problem is called the everywhere-cover problem:“Given a set of dependencies over a database scheme,is the set of dependencies explicitly given for each relation scheme equivalent to the dependencies implied for that relation scheme?”It is shown that when the everywhere-cover problem has a ‘yes’ answer,examining only the dependencies explicitly given will suffice to test 3NF,BCNF and 4NF of a database scheme.But this does not hold for 2NF.Consequently,in such cases,tests of BCNF and 4NF all take polynomial time.Then a proof is given that test of 3NF of a database scheme is Co-NP-complete,and from this result it is shown that everywhere-cover is also Co-NP-complete when only functional dependencies are allowed.These results lead to doubt the truth of the well believed conjec- ture that no polynomial time algorithm for designing a Iossless BCNF database scheme is likely to exist.展开更多
A novel fabrication method of multi-core photonic crystal fibers is proposed on the basis of a fiber-embedded technique. A taper tower is used to modify the structures of the fiber preform, and four steps of fiber fab...A novel fabrication method of multi-core photonic crystal fibers is proposed on the basis of a fiber-embedded technique. A taper tower is used to modify the structures of the fiber preform, and four steps of fiber fabrication and different structures of fiber samples are given. The mode structures and beating characteristics of a photonic crystal fiber sample with two successive cores are investigated in detail with the help of a supercontinuum light source, a charge-coupled device （CCD） camera, and an optical spectrum analyzer. The test results show a clear beating phenomenon between two orthotropic polarization modes with a 2.8-nm peak interval in wavelength.展开更多
文摘On the basis of radiation transfer theory,adopting improved two-stream algorithm incorporated with addingalgorithm,we build up a theoretical calculation model of shortwave radiation for the earth-atmosphere system whichcan be applied with satellite data.The model can calculate direct solar radiation,scattering solar radiation,heating rateand other physical quantities of radiation field at every layer of the atmosphere and on the earth’s surface,if the under-ground reflectance or the planetary albedo obtained from satellite can be known.The model can be used in clear orcloudy atmosphere,and its calculating speed is fairly fast.We think that the model can be incorporated into large-scaleand mesoscale climatic models for the consideration of radiation calculation,and also it is useful for the utilization of so-lar energy.
文摘In the implementation process of construction projects, building materials are the key elements, and the quality of materials will affect the overall quality of the project. In terms of project quality control, construction enterprises pay special attention to the detection results of building materials, and the detection accuracy will be affected by equipment, operation level and detection environment. In order to ensure that the use of building materials meets the corresponding standards, it is necessary to strengthen the control of detection results, and realize the control of material quality and project quality through standardized detection operation. Next, the article analyzes the key factors that affect the test results of building materials testing, and puts forward specific solutions.
基金The study was supported by the NIH/NCI under Award Number P50CA09231(WJA)and NIH K24 CA160653(SJF).
文摘Objective:To review follow-up imaging after equivocal bone scans in men with castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and examine the characteristics of equivocal bone scans that are associated with positive follow-up imaging.Methods:We identified 639 men from five Veterans Affairs Hospitals with a technetium-99m bone scan after CRPC diagnosis,of whom 99(15%)had equivocal scans.Men with equivocal scans were segregated into“high-risk”and“low-risk”subcategories based upon wording in the bone scan report.All follow-up imaging(bone scans,computed tomography[CT],magnetic resonance imaging[MRI],and X-rays)in the 3 months after the equivocal scan were reviewed.Variables were compared between patients with a positive vs.negative follow-up imaging after an equivocal bone scan.Results:Of 99 men with an equivocal bone scan,43(43%)received at least one follow-up imaging test,including 32/82(39%)with low-risk scans and 11/17(65%)with high-risk scans(p=0.052).Of follow-up tests,67%were negative,14%were equivocal,and 19%were positive.Among those who underwent follow-up imaging,3/32(9%)low-risk men had metastases vs.5/11(45%)high-risk men(p=0.015).Conclusion:While 19%of all men who received follow-up imaging had positive follow-up imaging,only 9%of those with a low-risk equivocal bone scan had metastases versus 45%of those with high-risk.These preliminary findings,if confirmed in larger studies,suggest follow-up imaging tests for low-risk equivocal scans can be delayed while high-risk equivocal scans should receive follow-up imaging.
文摘Objective: the differences of blood routine test results between venous blood and capillary blood were analyzed. Methods: The subjects of the study were 120 healthy outpatients from August 2019 to August 2021. They were divided into two groups according to the random method (n=60 for each group). The capillary blood was collected in the control group and venous blood was collected in the observation group. The results of WBC, HCT, RBC, Hb, PLT, MCHC, MCV and HCT were statistically compared between the two groups. Results: WBC of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, HCT, RBC, Hb, PLT and MCHC of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, p < 0.05 (the difference was statistically significant). Compared with the control group, the MCV and HCT of the observation group had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: venous blood collection in blood routine test can improve the accuracy of test results, and can be the preferred collection method in blood collection with high clinical value.
文摘To study and analyze the influence of peripheral blood and venous blood on the test results in blood routine test. Methods: from September 2020 to June 2021, 152 patients who underwent blood routine test were included in the laboratory department of our hospital. All patients collected peripheral blood and venous blood for blood routine test respectively. The blood source of peripheral blood for blood routine test was peripheral blood group, and the blood source of elbow vein blood for blood routine test was venous blood group, The differences of blood routine test results between the two groups at 0 min were compared, and the blood sources of the two groups were tested for many times at 0 min, 10 min and 30 min after blood collection. The test results were analyzed and compared, and the satisfaction of the two blood collection methods, time and pain were evaluated. Results: at 0 min of blood collection, the leukocyte count value of venous blood group was lower than that of peripheral blood group, while the erythrocyte count value, hemoglobin concentration value, platelet count value, erythrocyte backlog value and average hemoglobin concentration value of venous blood group were higher than those of peripheral blood group (P < 0.05);However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05);The test results of peripheral blood group and venous blood group were compared for multiple tests at 0 min, 10 min and 30 min after blood collection respectively. There was no significant difference in the test results of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration in peripheral blood group at each time period (P > 0.05), while the test results of leukocyte count and platelet count at 0 min were different from those at 10 min. There was significant difference in the results of 30 min test (P < 0.05), indicating that the index value will change with time;There was no significant difference in the test results of leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and platelet count in the venous blood group (P > 0.05), indicating that the indexes in the blood were relatively stable;Comparing the satisfaction scores of the two groups, the scores of the two groups were higher, and the satisfaction of peripheral blood was slightly higher, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: comparing the satisfaction of the two groups of patients, the acceptability of the two blood collection methods is very high. From the analysis of the test results, on the whole, the test results of peripheral blood are slightly lower than those of venous blood. It is analyzed that the reason for this result may be that the peripheral blood causes the damage of blood cells during the extrusion process and reduces the count, and the white blood cell count. The platelet count value will change over time and affect the test results, while the venous blood test results have little difference within 30min, indicating that various indexes in venous blood are relatively stable within a certain period of time, and the accuracy of test results is higher.
文摘For the further design of the particular gearbox components, the alternating cycles of the respective application mean an often insufficient knowledge of the actual loads occuring in use. Especially for the application within lifting units, such dynamic load cycles are very difficult to pre-estimate. The so-called slack rope test represents the most critical point in the load cycle and provides a special challenge for the gearbox design. Because of this missing expert knowledge, a test bench of such an application is installed and applied to practical movement cycles. Besides the test bench, a multi-body simulation model of the whole system is mapped within the MBS （multi-body simulation） environment SIMPACK. To verify this simulation model, the results are compared with the respective measurements of the test bench. These comparisons show very good agreements. Thus, one of the major advantages of using such simulation tools is the possibility to re-evaluate the internal and external loads during the whole design process. Finally, these simulations serve as a clarification of the load spectrum of the different drivetrain components. Gearbox series or different modifications of the design can now be analyzed prospectively without extensive testing.
文摘Genetic screening has its uses:It helped A-list actor Angelina Jolie,for example,determine that she was at a high risk of breast cancer,leading to a preventative mastectomy.But what genetic screening can’t demonstrate is whether,broadly speaking,your child will have an aptitude for mathematics or sports.Certain specific health problems,yes;but sweeping statements about the future character of an adult?The scientific evidence for such tests was
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The following problem is called the everywhere-cover problem:“Given a set of dependencies over a database scheme,is the set of dependencies explicitly given for each relation scheme equivalent to the dependencies implied for that relation scheme?”It is shown that when the everywhere-cover problem has a ‘yes’ answer,examining only the dependencies explicitly given will suffice to test 3NF,BCNF and 4NF of a database scheme.But this does not hold for 2NF.Consequently,in such cases,tests of BCNF and 4NF all take polynomial time.Then a proof is given that test of 3NF of a database scheme is Co-NP-complete,and from this result it is shown that everywhere-cover is also Co-NP-complete when only functional dependencies are allowed.These results lead to doubt the truth of the well believed conjec- ture that no polynomial time algorithm for designing a Iossless BCNF database scheme is likely to exist.
基金the China Scholarship Council(CSC) and the Research Foundation of Harbin Engineering University
文摘A novel fabrication method of multi-core photonic crystal fibers is proposed on the basis of a fiber-embedded technique. A taper tower is used to modify the structures of the fiber preform, and four steps of fiber fabrication and different structures of fiber samples are given. The mode structures and beating characteristics of a photonic crystal fiber sample with two successive cores are investigated in detail with the help of a supercontinuum light source, a charge-coupled device （CCD） camera, and an optical spectrum analyzer. The test results show a clear beating phenomenon between two orthotropic polarization modes with a 2.8-nm peak interval in wavelength.
