The synthetic making test has been widely used in evaluating the break ability of high-voltage circuit breaker. However, the test research and application are still inadequate, especially in the condition of rated vol...The synthetic making test has been widely used in evaluating the break ability of high-voltage circuit breaker. However, the test research and application are still inadequate, especially in the condition of rated voltage. According to the realistic conditions of test stations in China, a control device based on pre-arcing current detection and phase control is proposed in this paper. A sample of the control device made up of DSP TMS320LF2407A is fabricated, in which the CPLD MAX7064 is used to transmit signals for EMC design. It can be applied in full voltage synthetic making test at a level of 126kV/63kA. The test results show that, it is accurate to control the making phase of the applied voltage, whether the closing is demanded at voltage peak or zero.展开更多
A micro shear testing method which can suit to measure the mechanical properties of heterogeneous materials is introduced, and the properties in each zone of welded joint for CO2 arc welding can be evaluated by using ...A micro shear testing method which can suit to measure the mechanical properties of heterogeneous materials is introduced, and the properties in each zone of welded joint for CO2 arc welding can be evaluated by using this method in this paper. Moreover, these results are compared with those results of Charpy V-notch impact test and their correlation is discussed.展开更多
目的探讨Arc基因表达及甲基化与幼龄鼠和成年鼠空间记忆形成的相关性。方法应用Morris水迷宫对2月龄幼龄鼠和6月龄成年鼠进行定位航行训练,以判断其空间记忆形成情况。采用RT-PCR检测定位航行训练后大鼠海马组织Arc基因mRNA的转录水平,...目的探讨Arc基因表达及甲基化与幼龄鼠和成年鼠空间记忆形成的相关性。方法应用Morris水迷宫对2月龄幼龄鼠和6月龄成年鼠进行定位航行训练,以判断其空间记忆形成情况。采用RT-PCR检测定位航行训练后大鼠海马组织Arc基因mRNA的转录水平,并对海马基因组DNA进行亚硫酸盐处理,采用甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应(Methylation specific polymerase chain reaction,MS-PCR)检测Arc基因的甲基化情况,并进行DNA甲基化序列分析。结果随着定位航行训练入水次序及训练天数的增加,幼龄鼠逃避潜伏期缩短(P<0.05);而成年鼠在训练当天随着入水次序的增加,逃避潜伏期缩短,但第2天逃避潜伏期不仅与入水次序有关,也随着放入点距离的增大,逃避潜伏期相对延长(P<0.05),至第3天逃避潜伏期与入水次序及距离均无关,形成稳定的记忆能力。成年鼠定位航行训练组海马组织Arc基因mRNA的转录水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),且高于幼龄鼠(P<0.05)。与幼龄鼠正常对照组相比,幼龄鼠和成年鼠定位航行训练组第8和24位点均无甲基化,成年鼠定位航行训练组与正常对照组相比,甲基化位点无变化。结论幼龄鼠瞬时记忆能力接近成年鼠,但形成稳定记忆的能力弱于成年鼠。Arc启动子甲基化影响其mRNA的表达,而Arc基因mRNA的转录水平与大鼠空间记忆能力及年龄相关,进一步证实了甲基化参与调解学习和记忆。展开更多
In this paper, to simulate the arc motion in an air circuit breaker （ACB）, a three- dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic （MHD） model is developed, considering the influence of ther- mal radiation, the change of physic...In this paper, to simulate the arc motion in an air circuit breaker （ACB）, a three- dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic （MHD） model is developed, considering the influence of ther- mal radiation, the change of physical parameters of arc plasma and the nonlinear characteristic of ferromagnetic material. The distributions of pressure, temperature, gas flow and current density of arc plasma in the arc region are calculated. The simulation results show some phenomena which discourage arc interruption, such as back commutation and arc burning at the back of the splitter plate. To verify the simulation model, the arc motion is studied experimentally. The influences of the material and position of the innermost barrier plate are analyzed mainly. It proved that the model developed in this paper can efficiently simulate the arc motion. The results indicate that the insulation barrier plate close to the top of the splitter plate is conducive to the arc splitting, which leads to the significant increase of the arc voltage, so it is better for arc interruption. The research can provide methods and references to the optimization of ACB design.展开更多
Two hafnium diboride based ceramic matrix composites containing 20% （volume fraction） SiC particle and with or without AIN as sintering additives were fabri,aated by hot-pressed sintering. The mechanical properties ...Two hafnium diboride based ceramic matrix composites containing 20% （volume fraction） SiC particle and with or without AIN as sintering additives were fabri,aated by hot-pressed sintering. The mechanical properties and microstructures of these two composites were tested and the thermal shock resistances were evaluated by plasma arc heater. The results indicate that the composite with A1N as sintering additive has a denser and finer microstructure than composite without sintering additive, and the mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance of the composite with A1N as sintering additive are also higher than those of the composite without A1N. Microstructure analysis on the cross-section of two composites after thermal shock tests indicates that a compact oxidation scale contains HfO2 and Al2O3 liquid phase is found on the surface of composite with A1N, which could fill the voids and cracks of surface and improve the thermal shock resistance of composite.展开更多
Super 304 H austenitic stainless steel with 3% of copper posses excellent creep strength and corrosion resistance, which is mainly used in heat exchanger tubing of the boiler. Heat exchangers are used in nuclear power...Super 304 H austenitic stainless steel with 3% of copper posses excellent creep strength and corrosion resistance, which is mainly used in heat exchanger tubing of the boiler. Heat exchangers are used in nuclear power plants and marine vehicles which are intended to operate in chloride rich offshore environment. Chloride stress corrosion cracking is the most likely life limiting failure with austenitic stainless steel tubing. Welding may worsen the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of the material. Stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of Super 304 H parent metal and gas tungsten arc(GTA) welded joints were studied by constant load tests in 45% boiling Mg Cl2 solution. Stress corrosion cracking resistance of Super 304 H stainless steel was deteriorated by GTA welding due to the formation of susceptible microstructure in the HAZ of the weld joint and the residual stresses. The mechanism of cracking was found to be anodic path cracking, with transgranular nature of crack propagation. Linear relationships were derived to predict the time to failure by extrapolating the rate of steady state elongation.展开更多
In this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of welding consumables on the factors that influence cold cracking of armour grade quenched and tempered （Q＆.T） steel welds. Flux cored arc wel...In this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of welding consumables on the factors that influence cold cracking of armour grade quenched and tempered （Q＆.T） steel welds. Flux cored arc welding （FCAW） process were used making welds using austenitic stainless steel （ASS） and low hydrogen ferritic steel （LHF） consumables. The diffusible hydrogen levels in the weld metal of the ASS and LHF consumables were determined by mercury method. Residual stresses were evaluated using X-ray stress analyzer and implant test was carried out to study the cold cracking of the welds. Results indicate that ASS welds offer a greater resistance to cold cracking of armour grade Q＆T steel welds.展开更多
文摘The synthetic making test has been widely used in evaluating the break ability of high-voltage circuit breaker. However, the test research and application are still inadequate, especially in the condition of rated voltage. According to the realistic conditions of test stations in China, a control device based on pre-arcing current detection and phase control is proposed in this paper. A sample of the control device made up of DSP TMS320LF2407A is fabricated, in which the CPLD MAX7064 is used to transmit signals for EMC design. It can be applied in full voltage synthetic making test at a level of 126kV/63kA. The test results show that, it is accurate to control the making phase of the applied voltage, whether the closing is demanded at voltage peak or zero.
文摘A micro shear testing method which can suit to measure the mechanical properties of heterogeneous materials is introduced, and the properties in each zone of welded joint for CO2 arc welding can be evaluated by using this method in this paper. Moreover, these results are compared with those results of Charpy V-notch impact test and their correlation is discussed.
文摘目的探讨Arc基因表达及甲基化与幼龄鼠和成年鼠空间记忆形成的相关性。方法应用Morris水迷宫对2月龄幼龄鼠和6月龄成年鼠进行定位航行训练,以判断其空间记忆形成情况。采用RT-PCR检测定位航行训练后大鼠海马组织Arc基因mRNA的转录水平,并对海马基因组DNA进行亚硫酸盐处理,采用甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应(Methylation specific polymerase chain reaction,MS-PCR)检测Arc基因的甲基化情况,并进行DNA甲基化序列分析。结果随着定位航行训练入水次序及训练天数的增加,幼龄鼠逃避潜伏期缩短(P<0.05);而成年鼠在训练当天随着入水次序的增加,逃避潜伏期缩短,但第2天逃避潜伏期不仅与入水次序有关,也随着放入点距离的增大,逃避潜伏期相对延长(P<0.05),至第3天逃避潜伏期与入水次序及距离均无关,形成稳定的记忆能力。成年鼠定位航行训练组海马组织Arc基因mRNA的转录水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),且高于幼龄鼠(P<0.05)。与幼龄鼠正常对照组相比,幼龄鼠和成年鼠定位航行训练组第8和24位点均无甲基化,成年鼠定位航行训练组与正常对照组相比,甲基化位点无变化。结论幼龄鼠瞬时记忆能力接近成年鼠,但形成稳定记忆的能力弱于成年鼠。Arc启动子甲基化影响其mRNA的表达,而Arc基因mRNA的转录水平与大鼠空间记忆能力及年龄相关,进一步证实了甲基化参与调解学习和记忆。
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Nos.2015CB251002,6132620303)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51221005,51377128,51577144)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘In this paper, to simulate the arc motion in an air circuit breaker （ACB）, a three- dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic （MHD） model is developed, considering the influence of ther- mal radiation, the change of physical parameters of arc plasma and the nonlinear characteristic of ferromagnetic material. The distributions of pressure, temperature, gas flow and current density of arc plasma in the arc region are calculated. The simulation results show some phenomena which discourage arc interruption, such as back commutation and arc burning at the back of the splitter plate. To verify the simulation model, the arc motion is studied experimentally. The influences of the material and position of the innermost barrier plate are analyzed mainly. It proved that the model developed in this paper can efficiently simulate the arc motion. The results indicate that the insulation barrier plate close to the top of the splitter plate is conducive to the arc splitting, which leads to the significant increase of the arc voltage, so it is better for arc interruption. The research can provide methods and references to the optimization of ACB design.
基金Project(90505015) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20060213031) supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
文摘Two hafnium diboride based ceramic matrix composites containing 20% （volume fraction） SiC particle and with or without AIN as sintering additives were fabri,aated by hot-pressed sintering. The mechanical properties and microstructures of these two composites were tested and the thermal shock resistances were evaluated by plasma arc heater. The results indicate that the composite with A1N as sintering additive has a denser and finer microstructure than composite without sintering additive, and the mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance of the composite with A1N as sintering additive are also higher than those of the composite without A1N. Microstructure analysis on the cross-section of two composites after thermal shock tests indicates that a compact oxidation scale contains HfO2 and Al2O3 liquid phase is found on the surface of composite with A1N, which could fill the voids and cracks of surface and improve the thermal shock resistance of composite.
文摘Super 304 H austenitic stainless steel with 3% of copper posses excellent creep strength and corrosion resistance, which is mainly used in heat exchanger tubing of the boiler. Heat exchangers are used in nuclear power plants and marine vehicles which are intended to operate in chloride rich offshore environment. Chloride stress corrosion cracking is the most likely life limiting failure with austenitic stainless steel tubing. Welding may worsen the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of the material. Stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of Super 304 H parent metal and gas tungsten arc(GTA) welded joints were studied by constant load tests in 45% boiling Mg Cl2 solution. Stress corrosion cracking resistance of Super 304 H stainless steel was deteriorated by GTA welding due to the formation of susceptible microstructure in the HAZ of the weld joint and the residual stresses. The mechanism of cracking was found to be anodic path cracking, with transgranular nature of crack propagation. Linear relationships were derived to predict the time to failure by extrapolating the rate of steady state elongation.
基金Armament Research Board (ARMREB),New Delhi for funding this projectwork (Project No MAA/03/41)
文摘In this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of welding consumables on the factors that influence cold cracking of armour grade quenched and tempered （Q＆.T） steel welds. Flux cored arc welding （FCAW） process were used making welds using austenitic stainless steel （ASS） and low hydrogen ferritic steel （LHF） consumables. The diffusible hydrogen levels in the weld metal of the ASS and LHF consumables were determined by mercury method. Residual stresses were evaluated using X-ray stress analyzer and implant test was carried out to study the cold cracking of the welds. Results indicate that ASS welds offer a greater resistance to cold cracking of armour grade Q＆T steel welds.
