The growth, fabrication, and characterization of a solar-blind A1GaN-based p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector with a high temperature A1N template are reported for the first time. The photodetector was fabricated fr...The growth, fabrication, and characterization of a solar-blind A1GaN-based p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector with a high temperature A1N template are reported for the first time. The photodetector was fabricated from multilayer AIx Gal-xN films grown by MOCVD on double-polished c-plane （0001） sapphire substrates. Crack free, high A1 content （0.7） A1GaN multilayer structure,designed for the solar-blind p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector,was grown on a high temperature A1N template without a nuclear layer. The high quality of the epitaxial layers is demonstrated by in-situ optical reflectance monitoring curve, triple-axis X-ray diffraction, and atomic-force microscope. At a 1.8V bias, the processed p-i-n photodetector exhibits a solar-blind photoresponse with a maximum responsivity of 0. 0864A/W at 270nm. The photodetector exhibits a forward turn-on voltage at around 3.5V and a reverse breakdown voltage above 20V, and the leakage current is below 20pA for 2V reverse bias.展开更多
To reduce production costs and make full and reasonable use of raw materials,high alumina bricks were prepared using tabular corundum and mullite as aggregates,sillimanite as intermediate particles,and white fused cor...To reduce production costs and make full and reasonable use of raw materials,high alumina bricks were prepared using tabular corundum and mullite as aggregates,sillimanite as intermediate particles,and white fused corundum powder,α-alumina micropowder,and Suzhou soil as the matrix,firing at different temperatures(1420,1440,1460,1480,1500 and 1520℃)for 4 h.The apparent porosity(AP),the bulk density(BD),the cold crushing strength(CCS),the thermal shock resistance(TSR),the refractoriness under load(RUL)and the creep rate of the samples were tested.The effects of the firing temperature on the creep rate(1450℃×50 h,under a load of 0.2 MPa)of the samples were studied.The results show that with the sillimanite addition of 22.5 mass%,the sample fired at 1460℃for 4 h performs the best comprehensive properties:the AP of 17.5%,the BD of 2.75 g·cm^(-3),the CCS of 100.5 MPa,the TSR number of 35 cycles,the RUL of 1682℃,and the creep rate of-0.428%,which can prolong the service life of furnaces.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of moxibustion temperature on blood lipids, endothelin-1（ET-1）, nitric oxide（NO）, and ET-1/NO in hyperlipidemia patients. METHODS： Forty-two primary hyperlipidemia patients we...OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of moxibustion temperature on blood lipids, endothelin-1（ET-1）, nitric oxide（NO）, and ET-1/NO in hyperlipidemia patients. METHODS： Forty-two primary hyperlipidemia patients were randomly divided into two groups of 21 and treated with moxibustion at different temperatures. Moxibustion was performed with the moxa roll 2.5-3.0 cm from the skin in the treatment group and 4 cm in the control group, 10 min per point, once every other day. Skin temperature was precisely measured with a thermometer during moxibustion. After a 12-week treatment, seven measurements of blood lipids, ET-1, and NO were recorded. RESULTS： Total cholesterol and triglyceride, were lower in the treatment group than in the control group（P0.05）. Serum ET-1 and ET-1/NO was obvi-ously lowered in the treatment group（P0.001）. Moxibustion regulated NO and ET-1/NO in the treatment group much better than in the control group. CONCLUSION： Moxibustion can regulate blood lipids and clear blood vessels. Moxibustion at 45℃has a better effect than moxibustion at 38℃ on regulating blood lipids and protecting vascular endothelial function, indicating that suitable temperature influences the curative effect of moxibustion.展开更多
In this work, the effect of the fullerene（C_（60）） weight fraction and PB-C_（60） interaction on the glass transition temperature（T_g） of polymer chains has been systemically investigated by adopting the united ...In this work, the effect of the fullerene（C_（60）） weight fraction and PB-C_（60） interaction on the glass transition temperature（T_g） of polymer chains has been systemically investigated by adopting the united atom model of cis-1,4-poly（butadiene）（cis-PB）. Various chain dynamics properties, such as atom translational mobility, bond/segment reorientation dynamics, torsional dynamics, conformational transition rate and dynamic heterogeneity of the cis-PB chains, are analyzed in detail. It is found that T_g could be affected by the C_（60） weight fraction due to its inhibition effect on the mobility of the cis-PB chains. However, T_g is different, which depends on different dynamics scales. Among the chain dynamics properties, T_g is the lowest from atom translational mobility, while it is the highest from the dynamic heterogeneity. In addition, T_g can be more clearly distinguished from the dynamic heterogeneity; however, the conformational transition rate seems to be not very sensitive to the C_（60） weight fraction compared with others. For pure cis-PB chains, T_g and the activation energy in this work can be compared with those of other polymers. In addition, the temperature dependence of the dynamic properties has different Arrhenius behaviors above and below T_g. The activation energy below T_g is lower than that above T_g. This work can help to understand the effect of the C_（60） on the dynamic properties and glass transition temperature of the cis-PB chains from different scales.展开更多
Many proteins require assistance from molecular chaperones at various stages to attain correctly folded states and functional conformations during protein synthesis. In this study, the gene encoding T-complex polypept...Many proteins require assistance from molecular chaperones at various stages to attain correctly folded states and functional conformations during protein synthesis. In this study, the gene encoding T-complex polypeptide 1（TCP-1）, which belongs to the heat shock protein 60（HSP60） family, was isolated and characterized from the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, by RACE and q PCR, respectively. The full-length c DNA of Tcp-1 was 2 144 bp and encoded a 1 635-bp ORF; the deduced translational product contained 545 amino acids with 5′-and 3′-UTRs and an isoelectric point of 5.29. Cluster analysis confirmed that the deduced amino acid sequence shared high identity（60–99%） with TCP-1 from other insects. To investigate Tcp-1 expression in response to abiotic stress, q PCR was used to analyze expression levels of Tcp-1 m RNA in C. suppressalis larvae exposed to temperatures ranging from –11 to 43°C. With respect to heat shock, Tcp-1 expression was higher than the control after a 2-h exposure to 30 and 36°C and declined at 39 and 43°C. Difference in Tcp-1 expression was observed at temperatures ranging from –11 to 27°C. q PCR analyses revealed that Tcp-1 expression was the highest in hindgut tissue as compared to heads, epidermis, fat body, foregut, midgut, and malpighian tubules. Our results indicated that Tcp-1 expression was differentially expressed in C. suppressalis tissues, and was impacted by temperature stress.展开更多
In this paper, the principle and method of the electron temperature measurement by means of electron cyclotron emission (ECE) have been discribed. Several results under different conditions on HL-IM tokamak have been ...In this paper, the principle and method of the electron temperature measurement by means of electron cyclotron emission (ECE) have been discribed. Several results under different conditions on HL-IM tokamak have been given. The hollow profile of electron temperature appears in some stages, such as current rising, pellet injection and impurity concentration in the plasma centre. When the bias voltage is applied, the electron temperature profile become steeper. All of the phenomena are related with the transport in plasma centre.展开更多
Wazuka town in Kyoto prefecture has the largest farmland for Uji green tea on the steep hillsides. In 1953, this area suffered from flood disaster due to the heavy rainfall along with the valley wind. In this area, di...Wazuka town in Kyoto prefecture has the largest farmland for Uji green tea on the steep hillsides. In 1953, this area suffered from flood disaster due to the heavy rainfall along with the valley wind. In this area, diluvia, Osaka strata and granite are outcropped along the Wazuka fault, and many old landslides in small scale could be identified. The River Basin Control Bureau has an experimental site locating on Ishidera area in Wazuka, where there was a house that was built about 150 years ago, and the habitants migrated after the 1953 flood. This area was developed for lots and housing during the economic bubble years around 1990, but was abandoned due to the occurrence of a small landslide and the inclination of concrete wall. To understand the distribution of ground water streams, 1 m-depth-ground temperature survey method and sound survey method were used. Using these methods, ground water streams were detected at the Kizu river bank gate site, at salt pan site gate trail, and on Ishidera landslide observatory. Based on the survey results, the construction sites of the wells for the drainage, steel-sheet piles for the river bank and watergate trails for the salt field area were suggested.展开更多
The Dongfang 13-1 is located in the diapiric structure belt of the Yinggehai Basin. The formation pressure of its main gas res- ervoir in the Miocene Huangliu Formation is up to 54.6 MPa （pressure coefficient=l.91） ...The Dongfang 13-1 is located in the diapiric structure belt of the Yinggehai Basin. The formation pressure of its main gas res- ervoir in the Miocene Huangliu Formation is up to 54.6 MPa （pressure coefficient=l.91） and the temperature is as high as 143°C （geothermal gradient 4.36°C/100 m）, indicating that it is a typical high-temperature and overpressured gas reservoir. The natural gas is interpreted to be coal-type gas derived from the Miocene mature source rocks containing type Ⅱ2-Ⅲ kero- gens as evidenced by high dryness index of up to 0.98 and heavy carbon isotopes, i.e., the δ13C2 ranging from -30.76%o to -37.52%o and δ13C2 ranging from -25.02%o to -25.62%o. The high temperature and overpressured Miocene petroleum system is related mainly to diapir in the Yinggehai Basin and contains more pore water in the overpressured reservoirs due to under- compaction process. The experimental and calculated results show that the solubility of natural gas in formation water is as high as 10.5 m3/m3 under the temperature and pressure conditions of the Sanya Formation, indicating that at least part of the gas may migrate in the form of water-soluble phase. Meanwhile, the abundant gas source in the Basin makes it possible for the rapid saturation of natural gas in formation water and exsolution of soluble gas. Therefore, the main elements controlling formation of the Dongfang 13-1 gas pool include that （1） the diapir activities and accompanying changes in temperature and pressure accelerate the water-soluble gas exsolution and release a lot of free gas; （2） submarine fan fine sandstone in the Huangliu Formation provides good gas-water segregation and accumulation space; and （3） the overlying overpressured mud rocks act as effective caps. The accumulation mechanism reveals that the high temperatural and high pressure structure belt near the diapir structures has a good potential for large and medium-sized gas field exploration.展开更多
文摘The growth, fabrication, and characterization of a solar-blind A1GaN-based p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector with a high temperature A1N template are reported for the first time. The photodetector was fabricated from multilayer AIx Gal-xN films grown by MOCVD on double-polished c-plane （0001） sapphire substrates. Crack free, high A1 content （0.7） A1GaN multilayer structure,designed for the solar-blind p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector,was grown on a high temperature A1N template without a nuclear layer. The high quality of the epitaxial layers is demonstrated by in-situ optical reflectance monitoring curve, triple-axis X-ray diffraction, and atomic-force microscope. At a 1.8V bias, the processed p-i-n photodetector exhibits a solar-blind photoresponse with a maximum responsivity of 0. 0864A/W at 270nm. The photodetector exhibits a forward turn-on voltage at around 3.5V and a reverse breakdown voltage above 20V, and the leakage current is below 20pA for 2V reverse bias.
文摘To reduce production costs and make full and reasonable use of raw materials,high alumina bricks were prepared using tabular corundum and mullite as aggregates,sillimanite as intermediate particles,and white fused corundum powder,α-alumina micropowder,and Suzhou soil as the matrix,firing at different temperatures(1420,1440,1460,1480,1500 and 1520℃)for 4 h.The apparent porosity(AP),the bulk density(BD),the cold crushing strength(CCS),the thermal shock resistance(TSR),the refractoriness under load(RUL)and the creep rate of the samples were tested.The effects of the firing temperature on the creep rate(1450℃×50 h,under a load of 0.2 MPa)of the samples were studied.The results show that with the sillimanite addition of 22.5 mass%,the sample fired at 1460℃for 4 h performs the best comprehensive properties:the AP of 17.5%,the BD of 2.75 g·cm^(-3),the CCS of 100.5 MPa,the TSR number of 35 cycles,the RUL of 1682℃,and the creep rate of-0.428%,which can prolong the service life of furnaces.
文摘OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of moxibustion temperature on blood lipids, endothelin-1（ET-1）, nitric oxide（NO）, and ET-1/NO in hyperlipidemia patients. METHODS： Forty-two primary hyperlipidemia patients were randomly divided into two groups of 21 and treated with moxibustion at different temperatures. Moxibustion was performed with the moxa roll 2.5-3.0 cm from the skin in the treatment group and 4 cm in the control group, 10 min per point, once every other day. Skin temperature was precisely measured with a thermometer during moxibustion. After a 12-week treatment, seven measurements of blood lipids, ET-1, and NO were recorded. RESULTS： Total cholesterol and triglyceride, were lower in the treatment group than in the control group（P0.05）. Serum ET-1 and ET-1/NO was obvi-ously lowered in the treatment group（P0.001）. Moxibustion regulated NO and ET-1/NO in the treatment group much better than in the control group. CONCLUSION： Moxibustion can regulate blood lipids and clear blood vessels. Moxibustion at 45℃has a better effect than moxibustion at 38℃ on regulating blood lipids and protecting vascular endothelial function, indicating that suitable temperature influences the curative effect of moxibustion.
基金financial supports from the start-up funding of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(BUCT)for excellent introduced talentsthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JD1711)
文摘In this work, the effect of the fullerene（C_（60）） weight fraction and PB-C_（60） interaction on the glass transition temperature（T_g） of polymer chains has been systemically investigated by adopting the united atom model of cis-1,4-poly（butadiene）（cis-PB）. Various chain dynamics properties, such as atom translational mobility, bond/segment reorientation dynamics, torsional dynamics, conformational transition rate and dynamic heterogeneity of the cis-PB chains, are analyzed in detail. It is found that T_g could be affected by the C_（60） weight fraction due to its inhibition effect on the mobility of the cis-PB chains. However, T_g is different, which depends on different dynamics scales. Among the chain dynamics properties, T_g is the lowest from atom translational mobility, while it is the highest from the dynamic heterogeneity. In addition, T_g can be more clearly distinguished from the dynamic heterogeneity; however, the conformational transition rate seems to be not very sensitive to the C_（60） weight fraction compared with others. For pure cis-PB chains, T_g and the activation energy in this work can be compared with those of other polymers. In addition, the temperature dependence of the dynamic properties has different Arrhenius behaviors above and below T_g. The activation energy below T_g is lower than that above T_g. This work can help to understand the effect of the C_（60） on the dynamic properties and glass transition temperature of the cis-PB chains from different scales.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31401733)the Incubation Study Project of Science and Technology of Fuyang Normal University, China (2014KJFH02)
文摘Many proteins require assistance from molecular chaperones at various stages to attain correctly folded states and functional conformations during protein synthesis. In this study, the gene encoding T-complex polypeptide 1（TCP-1）, which belongs to the heat shock protein 60（HSP60） family, was isolated and characterized from the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, by RACE and q PCR, respectively. The full-length c DNA of Tcp-1 was 2 144 bp and encoded a 1 635-bp ORF; the deduced translational product contained 545 amino acids with 5′-and 3′-UTRs and an isoelectric point of 5.29. Cluster analysis confirmed that the deduced amino acid sequence shared high identity（60–99%） with TCP-1 from other insects. To investigate Tcp-1 expression in response to abiotic stress, q PCR was used to analyze expression levels of Tcp-1 m RNA in C. suppressalis larvae exposed to temperatures ranging from –11 to 43°C. With respect to heat shock, Tcp-1 expression was higher than the control after a 2-h exposure to 30 and 36°C and declined at 39 and 43°C. Difference in Tcp-1 expression was observed at temperatures ranging from –11 to 27°C. q PCR analyses revealed that Tcp-1 expression was the highest in hindgut tissue as compared to heads, epidermis, fat body, foregut, midgut, and malpighian tubules. Our results indicated that Tcp-1 expression was differentially expressed in C. suppressalis tissues, and was impacted by temperature stress.
文摘In this paper, the principle and method of the electron temperature measurement by means of electron cyclotron emission (ECE) have been discribed. Several results under different conditions on HL-IM tokamak have been given. The hollow profile of electron temperature appears in some stages, such as current rising, pellet injection and impurity concentration in the plasma centre. When the bias voltage is applied, the electron temperature profile become steeper. All of the phenomena are related with the transport in plasma centre.
文摘Wazuka town in Kyoto prefecture has the largest farmland for Uji green tea on the steep hillsides. In 1953, this area suffered from flood disaster due to the heavy rainfall along with the valley wind. In this area, diluvia, Osaka strata and granite are outcropped along the Wazuka fault, and many old landslides in small scale could be identified. The River Basin Control Bureau has an experimental site locating on Ishidera area in Wazuka, where there was a house that was built about 150 years ago, and the habitants migrated after the 1953 flood. This area was developed for lots and housing during the economic bubble years around 1990, but was abandoned due to the occurrence of a small landslide and the inclination of concrete wall. To understand the distribution of ground water streams, 1 m-depth-ground temperature survey method and sound survey method were used. Using these methods, ground water streams were detected at the Kizu river bank gate site, at salt pan site gate trail, and on Ishidera landslide observatory. Based on the survey results, the construction sites of the wells for the drainage, steel-sheet piles for the river bank and watergate trails for the salt field area were suggested.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2011ZX05023-004)
文摘The Dongfang 13-1 is located in the diapiric structure belt of the Yinggehai Basin. The formation pressure of its main gas res- ervoir in the Miocene Huangliu Formation is up to 54.6 MPa （pressure coefficient=l.91） and the temperature is as high as 143°C （geothermal gradient 4.36°C/100 m）, indicating that it is a typical high-temperature and overpressured gas reservoir. The natural gas is interpreted to be coal-type gas derived from the Miocene mature source rocks containing type Ⅱ2-Ⅲ kero- gens as evidenced by high dryness index of up to 0.98 and heavy carbon isotopes, i.e., the δ13C2 ranging from -30.76%o to -37.52%o and δ13C2 ranging from -25.02%o to -25.62%o. The high temperature and overpressured Miocene petroleum system is related mainly to diapir in the Yinggehai Basin and contains more pore water in the overpressured reservoirs due to under- compaction process. The experimental and calculated results show that the solubility of natural gas in formation water is as high as 10.5 m3/m3 under the temperature and pressure conditions of the Sanya Formation, indicating that at least part of the gas may migrate in the form of water-soluble phase. Meanwhile, the abundant gas source in the Basin makes it possible for the rapid saturation of natural gas in formation water and exsolution of soluble gas. Therefore, the main elements controlling formation of the Dongfang 13-1 gas pool include that （1） the diapir activities and accompanying changes in temperature and pressure accelerate the water-soluble gas exsolution and release a lot of free gas; （2） submarine fan fine sandstone in the Huangliu Formation provides good gas-water segregation and accumulation space; and （3） the overlying overpressured mud rocks act as effective caps. The accumulation mechanism reveals that the high temperatural and high pressure structure belt near the diapir structures has a good potential for large and medium-sized gas field exploration.
