The study investigated the effect of cyclic variable temperature conditioning(CVTC)on the quality parameters of sweet potatoes and their relationship with the antioxidant system(phenols synthesis and reactive oxygen s...The study investigated the effect of cyclic variable temperature conditioning(CVTC)on the quality parameters of sweet potatoes and their relationship with the antioxidant system(phenols synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism).Results showed that CVTC maintained the color and normal respiratory intensity of sweet potatoes and reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde(MDA)during storage.In detail,total phenols content(TPC)and total flavonoids content(TFC)in CVTC group were significantly higher than those in control(CK),cold storage(CS),and high temperature conditioning(HTC)groups at 8 d,with increases of 17.58%and 85.12%from day 0,respectively.Additionally,phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)and hydroxycinnamoyl transferase(HCT)activities in CVTC group were significantly higher than those in CK,CS,and HTC groups at 8 d.These results showed that CVTC activated the synthesis of phenols by activating the key enzymes activities,resulting in a significant increase in total phenols and flavonoids contents.Besides,CVTC improved the superoxide anion scavenging capacity of sweet potatoes and promoted the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Mean-while,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities in CVTC group were significantly higher than those in CK,CS,and HTC groups in the late storage period.In conclusion,CVTC enhanced the antioxidant ac-tivity of sweet potatoes by regulating the phenols synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism to maintain their postharvest quality.展开更多
The development of electrochemical energy storage systems capable of operating under low-temperature conditions is crucial for enabling renewable energy applications in extreme environments.Although lithium-ion batter...The development of electrochemical energy storage systems capable of operating under low-temperature conditions is crucial for enabling renewable energy applications in extreme environments.Although lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)occupied the market of rechargeable batteries,their limited lithium salt and awful low-temperature performance severely hamper their widely application.In contrast,sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted extensive attention as a promising alternative,owing to the naturally abundant sodium salt and its favorable physicochemical properties(smaller Stokes radius and lower desolvation energy),which enable better ionic conductivity and rate capability at low temperatures.However,the practical deployment of SIBs in cold environments remains hindered by sluggish electrochemical kinetics,unstable electrode-electrolyte interfaces,and structural degradation,particularly at the anode.To address these problems,considerable efforts have been made to explore anode materials for low-temperature SIBs(LT-SIBs).This paper reviews recent advances in the design and synthesis of advanced anode materials for LT-SIBs.It discusses the influence mechanism of temperature on the performance of the anode and summarizes the latest modification strategies to improve the low-temperature electrochemical performance of intercalation-/conversion-/alloying-type and Na anodes.Finally,the review outlines the prospects and directions for future research on low-temperature anodes.It is hoped that this review will offer meaningful guidance for the development of anode materials for SIBs operation in all climates.展开更多
The likelihood of extreme heat occurrence is continuously increasing with global warming.Under high temperatures,humidity may exacerbate the heat impact on humanity.As atmospheric humidity depends on moisture availabi...The likelihood of extreme heat occurrence is continuously increasing with global warming.Under high temperatures,humidity may exacerbate the heat impact on humanity.As atmospheric humidity depends on moisture availability and is constrained by air temperature,it is important to project the changes in the distribution of atmospheric humidity conditional on air temperature as the climate continuously warms.Here,a non-crossing quantile smoothing spline is employed to build quantile regression models emulating conditional distributions of dew point(a measure of humidity)on local temperature evolving with escalating global mean surface temperature.By applying these models to 297 weather stations in seven regions in China,the study analyzes historical trends of humid-heat and dry-hot days,and projects their changes under global warming of 2.0℃ and 4.5℃.In response to global warming,rising trends of humid-heat extremes,while weakening trends of dry-hot extremes,are observed at most stations in Northeast China.Additionally,results indicate an increasing trend in dry-hot extremes at numerous stations across central China,but a rise in humid-heat extremes over Northwest China and coastal regions.These trends found in the current climate state are projected to intensify under 2.0℃ and 4.5℃ warming,possibly influenced by the heterogeneous variations in precipitation,soil moisture,and water vapor fluxes.Requiring much lower computational resources than coupled climate models,these quantile regression models can further project compound humidity and temperature extremes in response to different levels of global warming,potentially informing the risk management of compound humid-heat extremes on a local scale.展开更多
The influence of light and temperature conditions inside solar greenhouse of winter-spring and autumn-winter crop in northern China on uptake and distribution of nitrogen. phosphorus and potassium of cucumber was stud...The influence of light and temperature conditions inside solar greenhouse of winter-spring and autumn-winter crop in northern China on uptake and distribution of nitrogen. phosphorus and potassium of cucumber was studied. The results showed that plant root development and uptake and distribution of N, P and K benefited more from inside light and temperature changes in winter-spring crop. Root volume and root activity increased more rapidly in winter-spring than in autumn-winter. Uptake of total N, P2O5 and K2O increased with plant development in winter-spring, and declined in autumn-winter crop. Distribution of total N, P2O5 and K2O at different part of cucumber at fruit bearing stage was significantly influenced by inside light and temperature of solar greenhouse. Total N, P2O5 and K2O were mainly distributed to leaves and stems at early stage, and increasingly to fruits after fruit bearing.展开更多
In gas turbine engines,with the existence of the intense forced convection and significant buoyancy effects,temperature distribution and level on turbine or compressor disks affect the heat transfer characteristics st...In gas turbine engines,with the existence of the intense forced convection and significant buoyancy effects,temperature distribution and level on turbine or compressor disks affect the heat transfer characteristics strongly.In this paper,numerical simulations were performed to analyze these influences for a free disk,with the laminar and turbulent flow respectively.The influences of temperature distribution on the heat transfer were observed by using incompressible cooling air,and temperature profiles of nth order monomial and polynomial were assumed on the disk.The analysis revealed that the heat transfer for two flow states on the free disk is determined by the exponent n of the monomial profile when specifying the rotating Reynolds number;for an arbitrary polynomial profile,the local Nusselt number can be deduced from results of monomial profiles.To study the effects of temperature level on heat transfer singly,monomial profiles were used and the local Nusselt number of compressible and incompressible cooling air were compared.And both for two flow states,the following conclusions could be drawn: the relative difference of local Nusselt number is mainly controlled by nondimensional local temperature difference,and almost independent of the monomial's coefficient C,exponent n and the rotating Reynolds number.Subsequently,a correction method for heat transfer of the free disk is presented and verified computationally,with which the local Nusselt number,obtained with a uniform and low temperature profile,can be revised by arbitrary distribution and high temperature magnitude.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Gas injection refers to the natural gas charging into pre-existing oil reservoirs,which often leads to notable changes in gas-oil ratio(GOR),oil density,and phase states,depending on the pressure-temper...0 INTRODUCTION Gas injection refers to the natural gas charging into pre-existing oil reservoirs,which often leads to notable changes in gas-oil ratio(GOR),oil density,and phase states,depending on the pressure-temperature condition of the reservoirs(Meulbroek et al.,1998;Blanc and Connan,1994;Evans et al.,1971).展开更多
Hot spinning process has attracted significant attention because it can be used to manufacture complex parts, extend the forming limit of materials, decrease forming forces and reduce process chains. In this paper, we...Hot spinning process has attracted significant attention because it can be used to manufacture complex parts, extend the forming limit of materials, decrease forming forces and reduce process chains. In this paper, we review researches on lightweight metals spun at elevated temperatures since they are difficult to deform at room temperature. These metals include light alloys, such as titanium, magnesium and aluminum alloys, and metal composites. Then, the heating methods used in the hot spinning process and the treatment methods employed for the temperature boundary condition in finite element analyses for the process were discussed. Finally, the future development directions for the hot spinning process of lightweight but difficult-to-deform alloys were highlighted.展开更多
Huangjiu,a traditional Chinese fermented wine,often develops excessive bitterness under semi-open fermentation conditions.This study examines the impact of ambient temperature on bitterness and microbial composition d...Huangjiu,a traditional Chinese fermented wine,often develops excessive bitterness under semi-open fermentation conditions.This study examines the impact of ambient temperature on bitterness and microbial composition during Huangjiu fermentation.Using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),gas chromatography-olfactometry(GC-O),and metagenomic sequencing,we identified seven bitter amino acids and eleven bitter volatile substances.Our results indicate that lower ambient temperatures(8.21±0.69℃ to 9.88±0.83℃)suppress the accumulation of bitter substances,with the total concentration of bitter amino acids reduced by up to 3.94% compared to higher temperatures(16.36±0.97℃ to 4.75±0.74℃).Partial least squares(PLS)regression established correlations between electronic tongue bitterness values and the presence of bitter compounds,revealing that higher temperatures promote the formation of specific compounds,such as benzaldehyde,furfural,ethyl nonanoate,and phenylalanine,thereby enhancing bitterness perception.Metabolic pathway analysis highlighted the enzymatic processes and intermediates involved in the biosynthesis of these bitter compounds.Correlation analysis showed that Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus are closely linked to the synthesis of bitter amino acids,while Aspergillus and Rhizopus contribute to the formation of furfural and ethyl octanoate.This study offers a theoretical foundation for reducing flavor variations between Huangjiu batches and provides practical guidance for optimizing the traditional fermentation process.展开更多
On the basis of detailed geological studies of the Wulong gold deposit, three metallogenic stages can be identified. With quartz fluid inclusions as an object of study, the authors investigated phase characteristics, ...On the basis of detailed geological studies of the Wulong gold deposit, three metallogenic stages can be identified. With quartz fluid inclusions as an object of study, the authors investigated phase characteristics, compositional variations, temperature and pressure changes, fluid evolution, Pb isotope tracing and Rb-Sr isotopic dating of fluid inclusions entrapped in the above three metallogenic stages. The results show that Na+ is decreased obviously with metallogenic evolution, while K+ and other cations and gas compositions (H2, CO, CH4 and CO2) are increased slightly, and that the temperature and salinity vary in a pulsating manner along with the metallogenic evolution. Inverse calculation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes indicate that at the first metallogenic stage the fluids were magmatic water, at the second stage they were dominated by magmatic water with a minor amount of meteoric water involved, and at the third stage, i.e., the final stage of metallogenesis, the fluids were composed completely of meteoric water. Its Pb isotopic composition implicates that the ore lead has some affinities with the lead in the Sanguliu granite, but the linear array of the ore-lead isotopic data reflects a mixing source of two end members. It can be deduced that the ore-forming materials and magma were both derived mainly from the same magma source region at depths. The Rb-Sr isotopic ages of the fluid inclusions are 112.2±3.2 Ma, indicating that the Wulong gold deposit was formed during the Yanshanian period.展开更多
The di-aromatics base oil and graphite powder,blended with the viscosity index improver,and the anti-oxidant and rheological additive,were used to prepare a kind of anti-seize thread lubricant.Its physical chemistry p...The di-aromatics base oil and graphite powder,blended with the viscosity index improver,and the anti-oxidant and rheological additive,were used to prepare a kind of anti-seize thread lubricant.Its physical chemistry properties,such as water resistance,thermal oxidation and aging properties,and tribological performance,were evaluated and compared with those of some commercial products.The results show that the overall performance of the anti-seize thread lubricant could meet the level of some commercial products,while its some properties such as thermal stability,anti-wear and anti-friction properties were better.The said anti-seize thread lubricant is more suitable for use under high temperature conditions.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries generally suffer from sluggish charge/mass transfer capability at high rates and low temperatures.Herein,a partially modulated structure of T-Nb_(2) O_(5) is designed by heteroatom doping and vac...Lithium-ion batteries generally suffer from sluggish charge/mass transfer capability at high rates and low temperatures.Herein,a partially modulated structure of T-Nb_(2) O_(5) is designed by heteroatom doping and vacancy regulation to enhance low-temperature reaction kinetics.We find that the synergistic effect can shorten the band gap,regulate the electronic active states and broaden the lithium-ion diffusion channel,thereby increasing charge transport ability and accelerating low-temperature Li^(+) transport behavior.Meanwhile,the structure modification significantly reduces the lattice expansion from 3.98 to 4.06 Å during the repeated lithiation-delithiation process.Benefiting from the structural advantages,Zr_(0.05)-Nb_(2) O_(5) anode exhibits an excellent rate performance(136.9 m Ah g^(-1)at 20 C) and an impressive low-temperature cycle life with slight capacity degradation after 550 cycles at-30 ℃.A full cell with a LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2) cathode delivers capacity retention of 96.1% after 300 cycles at-30℃,demonstrating its practical feasibility.This work presents a novel concept to improve low-temperature charge transfer of T-Nb_(2) O_(5) for the development of long-life and fast-charging LIBs.展开更多
The extreme pressure and temperature conditions of the deep Earth,reaching up to∼350 gigapascals(GPa)and 6000 K,pose major challenges for in-situ detection and the investigation of physical and chemical processes[1]....The extreme pressure and temperature conditions of the deep Earth,reaching up to∼350 gigapascals(GPa)and 6000 K,pose major challenges for in-situ detection and the investigation of physical and chemical processes[1].Although numerous theoretical simulations and experiments have been conducted under extreme deep-Earth conditions,a centralized platform with practical tools for predicting the reactivity of substances on Earth and beyond is still lacking.Such tools are crucial for advancing our understanding of Earth’s structure,composition,energy exchange,and long-term evolution.展开更多
Pressure can shorten the distance between molecules or atoms,which can change the periodicity of elements and provide more unprecedented novel materials.In order to produce substances that can remain stable or metasta...Pressure can shorten the distance between molecules or atoms,which can change the periodicity of elements and provide more unprecedented novel materials.In order to produce substances that can remain stable or metastable under an atmospheric pressure,pressure has become an indispensable and powerful means.Recent research suggests that high-pressure synthesis methods have unlimited potential in different research fields.For example,high T_(c)(transition temperature)superconductors with a transition temperature of up to 250 K and super-hard nano-diamonds(NDs)with a hardness of 1 TPa can be synthesized under high-temperature and high-pressure(HTHP)conditions,and these materials cannot be achieved by other synthetic methods.Many recent research achievements involve the synthesis of some compounds with special structures and properties,such as high-entropy alloys,non-stoichiometric substances,inert element compounds,and heterostructure nanocrystals.This review will introduce the latest developments in inorganic compounds obtained under high pressure.Materials with different application backgrounds are classified,some materials with high performance or high potential are introduced,and possible synthesis mechanisms are discussed.In the Conclusions section,we summarize research directions in which the field of high-pressure synthesis research may have great breakthroughs in the next few years,and look forward to the future development of high-pressure synthesis methods.展开更多
基金supported by the Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(236Z7102G).
文摘The study investigated the effect of cyclic variable temperature conditioning(CVTC)on the quality parameters of sweet potatoes and their relationship with the antioxidant system(phenols synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism).Results showed that CVTC maintained the color and normal respiratory intensity of sweet potatoes and reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde(MDA)during storage.In detail,total phenols content(TPC)and total flavonoids content(TFC)in CVTC group were significantly higher than those in control(CK),cold storage(CS),and high temperature conditioning(HTC)groups at 8 d,with increases of 17.58%and 85.12%from day 0,respectively.Additionally,phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)and hydroxycinnamoyl transferase(HCT)activities in CVTC group were significantly higher than those in CK,CS,and HTC groups at 8 d.These results showed that CVTC activated the synthesis of phenols by activating the key enzymes activities,resulting in a significant increase in total phenols and flavonoids contents.Besides,CVTC improved the superoxide anion scavenging capacity of sweet potatoes and promoted the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Mean-while,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities in CVTC group were significantly higher than those in CK,CS,and HTC groups in the late storage period.In conclusion,CVTC enhanced the antioxidant ac-tivity of sweet potatoes by regulating the phenols synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism to maintain their postharvest quality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52301266)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2025A1515012152)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.2024A04J3332)the Chenzhou National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Zone Provincial Special Project(No.2023sfq11)。
文摘The development of electrochemical energy storage systems capable of operating under low-temperature conditions is crucial for enabling renewable energy applications in extreme environments.Although lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)occupied the market of rechargeable batteries,their limited lithium salt and awful low-temperature performance severely hamper their widely application.In contrast,sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted extensive attention as a promising alternative,owing to the naturally abundant sodium salt and its favorable physicochemical properties(smaller Stokes radius and lower desolvation energy),which enable better ionic conductivity and rate capability at low temperatures.However,the practical deployment of SIBs in cold environments remains hindered by sluggish electrochemical kinetics,unstable electrode-electrolyte interfaces,and structural degradation,particularly at the anode.To address these problems,considerable efforts have been made to explore anode materials for low-temperature SIBs(LT-SIBs).This paper reviews recent advances in the design and synthesis of advanced anode materials for LT-SIBs.It discusses the influence mechanism of temperature on the performance of the anode and summarizes the latest modification strategies to improve the low-temperature electrochemical performance of intercalation-/conversion-/alloying-type and Na anodes.Finally,the review outlines the prospects and directions for future research on low-temperature anodes.It is hoped that this review will offer meaningful guidance for the development of anode materials for SIBs operation in all climates.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42175066]the Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project[grant number 21230780200].
文摘The likelihood of extreme heat occurrence is continuously increasing with global warming.Under high temperatures,humidity may exacerbate the heat impact on humanity.As atmospheric humidity depends on moisture availability and is constrained by air temperature,it is important to project the changes in the distribution of atmospheric humidity conditional on air temperature as the climate continuously warms.Here,a non-crossing quantile smoothing spline is employed to build quantile regression models emulating conditional distributions of dew point(a measure of humidity)on local temperature evolving with escalating global mean surface temperature.By applying these models to 297 weather stations in seven regions in China,the study analyzes historical trends of humid-heat and dry-hot days,and projects their changes under global warming of 2.0℃ and 4.5℃.In response to global warming,rising trends of humid-heat extremes,while weakening trends of dry-hot extremes,are observed at most stations in Northeast China.Additionally,results indicate an increasing trend in dry-hot extremes at numerous stations across central China,but a rise in humid-heat extremes over Northwest China and coastal regions.These trends found in the current climate state are projected to intensify under 2.0℃ and 4.5℃ warming,possibly influenced by the heterogeneous variations in precipitation,soil moisture,and water vapor fluxes.Requiring much lower computational resources than coupled climate models,these quantile regression models can further project compound humidity and temperature extremes in response to different levels of global warming,potentially informing the risk management of compound humid-heat extremes on a local scale.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (39830230) Beijing Natural Science Foundation (6011002).
文摘The influence of light and temperature conditions inside solar greenhouse of winter-spring and autumn-winter crop in northern China on uptake and distribution of nitrogen. phosphorus and potassium of cucumber was studied. The results showed that plant root development and uptake and distribution of N, P and K benefited more from inside light and temperature changes in winter-spring crop. Root volume and root activity increased more rapidly in winter-spring than in autumn-winter. Uptake of total N, P2O5 and K2O increased with plant development in winter-spring, and declined in autumn-winter crop. Distribution of total N, P2O5 and K2O at different part of cucumber at fruit bearing stage was significantly influenced by inside light and temperature of solar greenhouse. Total N, P2O5 and K2O were mainly distributed to leaves and stems at early stage, and increasingly to fruits after fruit bearing.
文摘In gas turbine engines,with the existence of the intense forced convection and significant buoyancy effects,temperature distribution and level on turbine or compressor disks affect the heat transfer characteristics strongly.In this paper,numerical simulations were performed to analyze these influences for a free disk,with the laminar and turbulent flow respectively.The influences of temperature distribution on the heat transfer were observed by using incompressible cooling air,and temperature profiles of nth order monomial and polynomial were assumed on the disk.The analysis revealed that the heat transfer for two flow states on the free disk is determined by the exponent n of the monomial profile when specifying the rotating Reynolds number;for an arbitrary polynomial profile,the local Nusselt number can be deduced from results of monomial profiles.To study the effects of temperature level on heat transfer singly,monomial profiles were used and the local Nusselt number of compressible and incompressible cooling air were compared.And both for two flow states,the following conclusions could be drawn: the relative difference of local Nusselt number is mainly controlled by nondimensional local temperature difference,and almost independent of the monomial's coefficient C,exponent n and the rotating Reynolds number.Subsequently,a correction method for heat transfer of the free disk is presented and verified computationally,with which the local Nusselt number,obtained with a uniform and low temperature profile,can be revised by arbitrary distribution and high temperature magnitude.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.42272169)the efficient exploration and development technologies and integrated demonstration project for deep and ultra-deep carbonate oil and gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin(No.2025ZD1402301)+1 种基金the Integrated Project of the Joint Fund for Enterprise Innovation and Development of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24B6001)the Bureau-Level Scientific Research Project of Northwest Oilfield Company(No.KJ202501).
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Gas injection refers to the natural gas charging into pre-existing oil reservoirs,which often leads to notable changes in gas-oil ratio(GOR),oil density,and phase states,depending on the pressure-temperature condition of the reservoirs(Meulbroek et al.,1998;Blanc and Connan,1994;Evans et al.,1971).
基金Project(51222509) supported by the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of ChinaProject(51175429) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(97-QZ-2014,90-QP-2013) supported by the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NWPU) of China
文摘Hot spinning process has attracted significant attention because it can be used to manufacture complex parts, extend the forming limit of materials, decrease forming forces and reduce process chains. In this paper, we review researches on lightweight metals spun at elevated temperatures since they are difficult to deform at room temperature. These metals include light alloys, such as titanium, magnesium and aluminum alloys, and metal composites. Then, the heating methods used in the hot spinning process and the treatment methods employed for the temperature boundary condition in finite element analyses for the process were discussed. Finally, the future development directions for the hot spinning process of lightweight but difficult-to-deform alloys were highlighted.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172336)the Capacity Project of Local Colleges and Universities of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai,China(No.21010504100).
文摘Huangjiu,a traditional Chinese fermented wine,often develops excessive bitterness under semi-open fermentation conditions.This study examines the impact of ambient temperature on bitterness and microbial composition during Huangjiu fermentation.Using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),gas chromatography-olfactometry(GC-O),and metagenomic sequencing,we identified seven bitter amino acids and eleven bitter volatile substances.Our results indicate that lower ambient temperatures(8.21±0.69℃ to 9.88±0.83℃)suppress the accumulation of bitter substances,with the total concentration of bitter amino acids reduced by up to 3.94% compared to higher temperatures(16.36±0.97℃ to 4.75±0.74℃).Partial least squares(PLS)regression established correlations between electronic tongue bitterness values and the presence of bitter compounds,revealing that higher temperatures promote the formation of specific compounds,such as benzaldehyde,furfural,ethyl nonanoate,and phenylalanine,thereby enhancing bitterness perception.Metabolic pathway analysis highlighted the enzymatic processes and intermediates involved in the biosynthesis of these bitter compounds.Correlation analysis showed that Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus are closely linked to the synthesis of bitter amino acids,while Aspergillus and Rhizopus contribute to the formation of furfural and ethyl octanoate.This study offers a theoretical foundation for reducing flavor variations between Huangjiu batches and provides practical guidance for optimizing the traditional fermentation process.
基金This research project was supported by the Outstanding Young Scientists Foundation(Grant No 49625304)the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China(Grant No 95-pre-39).
文摘On the basis of detailed geological studies of the Wulong gold deposit, three metallogenic stages can be identified. With quartz fluid inclusions as an object of study, the authors investigated phase characteristics, compositional variations, temperature and pressure changes, fluid evolution, Pb isotope tracing and Rb-Sr isotopic dating of fluid inclusions entrapped in the above three metallogenic stages. The results show that Na+ is decreased obviously with metallogenic evolution, while K+ and other cations and gas compositions (H2, CO, CH4 and CO2) are increased slightly, and that the temperature and salinity vary in a pulsating manner along with the metallogenic evolution. Inverse calculation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes indicate that at the first metallogenic stage the fluids were magmatic water, at the second stage they were dominated by magmatic water with a minor amount of meteoric water involved, and at the third stage, i.e., the final stage of metallogenesis, the fluids were composed completely of meteoric water. Its Pb isotopic composition implicates that the ore lead has some affinities with the lead in the Sanguliu granite, but the linear array of the ore-lead isotopic data reflects a mixing source of two end members. It can be deduced that the ore-forming materials and magma were both derived mainly from the same magma source region at depths. The Rb-Sr isotopic ages of the fluid inclusions are 112.2±3.2 Ma, indicating that the Wulong gold deposit was formed during the Yanshanian period.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Science and Technology for Major Project of China(Project No.2019ZX06004002).
文摘The di-aromatics base oil and graphite powder,blended with the viscosity index improver,and the anti-oxidant and rheological additive,were used to prepare a kind of anti-seize thread lubricant.Its physical chemistry properties,such as water resistance,thermal oxidation and aging properties,and tribological performance,were evaluated and compared with those of some commercial products.The results show that the overall performance of the anti-seize thread lubricant could meet the level of some commercial products,while its some properties such as thermal stability,anti-wear and anti-friction properties were better.The said anti-seize thread lubricant is more suitable for use under high temperature conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22279026,2247090373)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1401)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Projects for Independent Innovation of China FAW Group Co.,Ltd.the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HIT.OCEF.2022017)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024M764198)。
文摘Lithium-ion batteries generally suffer from sluggish charge/mass transfer capability at high rates and low temperatures.Herein,a partially modulated structure of T-Nb_(2) O_(5) is designed by heteroatom doping and vacancy regulation to enhance low-temperature reaction kinetics.We find that the synergistic effect can shorten the band gap,regulate the electronic active states and broaden the lithium-ion diffusion channel,thereby increasing charge transport ability and accelerating low-temperature Li^(+) transport behavior.Meanwhile,the structure modification significantly reduces the lattice expansion from 3.98 to 4.06 Å during the repeated lithiation-delithiation process.Benefiting from the structural advantages,Zr_(0.05)-Nb_(2) O_(5) anode exhibits an excellent rate performance(136.9 m Ah g^(-1)at 20 C) and an impressive low-temperature cycle life with slight capacity degradation after 550 cycles at-30 ℃.A full cell with a LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2) cathode delivers capacity retention of 96.1% after 300 cycles at-30℃,demonstrating its practical feasibility.This work presents a novel concept to improve low-temperature charge transfer of T-Nb_(2) O_(5) for the development of long-life and fast-charging LIBs.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2025ZD1010301)the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Basal Research Fund(JKYDM2025110)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42372049,42192502,42302037,92351302,and 62271016)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023T160007 and 2023M740044)the Regional Special Program(KCX2024003).
文摘The extreme pressure and temperature conditions of the deep Earth,reaching up to∼350 gigapascals(GPa)and 6000 K,pose major challenges for in-situ detection and the investigation of physical and chemical processes[1].Although numerous theoretical simulations and experiments have been conducted under extreme deep-Earth conditions,a centralized platform with practical tools for predicting the reactivity of substances on Earth and beyond is still lacking.Such tools are crucial for advancing our understanding of Earth’s structure,composition,energy exchange,and long-term evolution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.21271082 and 21371068).
文摘Pressure can shorten the distance between molecules or atoms,which can change the periodicity of elements and provide more unprecedented novel materials.In order to produce substances that can remain stable or metastable under an atmospheric pressure,pressure has become an indispensable and powerful means.Recent research suggests that high-pressure synthesis methods have unlimited potential in different research fields.For example,high T_(c)(transition temperature)superconductors with a transition temperature of up to 250 K and super-hard nano-diamonds(NDs)with a hardness of 1 TPa can be synthesized under high-temperature and high-pressure(HTHP)conditions,and these materials cannot be achieved by other synthetic methods.Many recent research achievements involve the synthesis of some compounds with special structures and properties,such as high-entropy alloys,non-stoichiometric substances,inert element compounds,and heterostructure nanocrystals.This review will introduce the latest developments in inorganic compounds obtained under high pressure.Materials with different application backgrounds are classified,some materials with high performance or high potential are introduced,and possible synthesis mechanisms are discussed.In the Conclusions section,we summarize research directions in which the field of high-pressure synthesis research may have great breakthroughs in the next few years,and look forward to the future development of high-pressure synthesis methods.
