By system analysis and imitating modeling authors show the most effective modern techniques for railway electric systems control. Modem measure technologies PMU-WAMS and smart grid allow to solve real time tasks of ce...By system analysis and imitating modeling authors show the most effective modern techniques for railway electric systems control. Modem measure technologies PMU-WAMS and smart grid allow to solve real time tasks of centralizing control of railway electric systems. Quantity characteristics of control effectiveness are determined. According to computer modeling the situation approach is available for practical tasks of railway electric system control.展开更多
Arsenic(As),classified as a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC),poses severe risks to ecosystems and human health through atmospheric exposure.This review synthesizes current kn...Arsenic(As),classified as a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC),poses severe risks to ecosystems and human health through atmospheric exposure.This review synthesizes current knowledge on the sources,health impacts,and control strategies of atmospheric arsenic,with an emphasis on its global transport and toxicity.Natural sources,such as volcanic eruptions and soil erosion,contribute approximately 2.1 Gg/year;however,anthropogenic activities,notably metal smelting and coal combustion,dominate emissions,with global anthropogenic releases reaching approximately 28.6 Gg/year.Atmospheric arsenic primarily exists in two forms:particulate matter(PM_(2.5)-bound As(Ⅴ)/As(Ⅲ)and methylated species)and gaseous forms(e.g.,AsH_(3),As_(2)O_(3)),facilitating long-range transport and cross-continental pollution,as evidenced by Asian emissions contributing 39% of Arctic deposition.Advanced techniques,such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and models like GEOS-Chem,enhance emission tracking;however,gaps persist in monitoring gaseous arsenic and refining emission inventories.Health risks include lung cancer,neurotoxicity,and cardiovascular diseases,exacerbated by inhalation and dietary exposure via contaminated crops.Control technologies,including calcium-and iron-based adsorbents and industrial scrubbers,show promise but face challenges related to efficiency and cost.Regional strategies,such as China’s tightened emission limits(0.5 mg/m^(3))and the EU’s Best Available Techniques(BAT),highlight progress,yet global cooperation remains vital for transboundary mitigation.Future research should prioritize low-cost sensors,elucidating speciation-toxicity relationships,and AI-driven emission management to address data gaps and optimize policies.Integrating multidisciplinary approaches—advanced science,stringent regulations,and international collaboration—is crucial to mitigate the environmental and public health impacts of arsenic amid growing industrialization and climate change.展开更多
Biological contaminants(BCs),including but not limited to various pathogens and their endogenous pol-lutants such as intracellular pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs),are ubiquitously detected in efflue...Biological contaminants(BCs),including but not limited to various pathogens and their endogenous pol-lutants such as intracellular pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs),are ubiquitously detected in effluent of wastewater and drinking water treatment systems which were originally designed to remove common indicator bacteria,resulting in potential impacts on public health.Although there are many emerging technologies that showing promising antimicrobial effects,few have progressed to the actual water scenarios.It’s crucial to understand the main knowledge gaps and thereby design the future developments to better meet engineering requirements.In this review,we first summarize the perfor-mance of conventional water treatment towards BCs removal.Then we showcase the advances of proof-of-concept strategies,including nanotechnology,advanced oxidation process,biological control process and integrated techniques,for BCs control in light of antimicrobial mechanisms,characteristics,proper niches in water treatment,challenges and latest improvements.Further,we proposed a semi-quantitative framework coupling life cycle assessment(LCA)and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to assess and compare the application potential of representative pilot technologies,in which the antimicro-bial effects,economic issues and sustainability are comprehensively considered.For wastewater treat-ment,non-thermal plasma weights highest among the emerging technologies and outperforms conventional disinfection in terms of efficacy indicators(overall inactivation rate,ARGs removal rate,and growth inhibition),but fall behind overall mainly due to more energy input.Bacteriophage-based treatment has the potential to synergistically inactive the persistent pathogens in combination with con-ventional disinfection,serving as a cost-effective and environmental-friendly supplement.For drinking water treatment,the integrated photocatalytic nanocomposite receives the highest application potential among the emerging technologies and appears to be supplementary or even alternative next-generation disinfectants.This review shares valuable insights to propel the proof-of-concept antimicrobial trials towards industrial procedures.展开更多
Chinese diesel trucks are the main contributors to NOx and particulate matter(PM)vehicle emissions.An increase in diesel trucks could aggravate air pollution and damage human health.The Chinese government has recently...Chinese diesel trucks are the main contributors to NOx and particulate matter(PM)vehicle emissions.An increase in diesel trucks could aggravate air pollution and damage human health.The Chinese government has recently implemented a series of emission control technologies andmeasures for air quality improvement.This paper summarizes recent control technologies and measures for diesel truck emissions in China and introduces the comprehensive application of control technologies and measures in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding regions.Remote onlinemonitoring technology has been adopted according to the China VI standard for heavy-duty diesel trucks,and control measures such as transportation structure adjustment and heavy pollution enterprise classification control continue to support the battle action plan for pollution control.Perspectives and suggestions are provided for promoting pollution control and supervision of diesel truck emissions:adhere to the concept of overall management and control,vigorously promote the application of systematic and technological means in emission monitoring,continuously facilitate cargo transportation structure adjustment and promote new energy freight vehicles.This paper aims to accelerate the implementation of control technologies and measures throughout China.China is endeavouring to control diesel truck exhaust pollution.China is willing to cooperate with the world to protect the global ecological environment.展开更多
Plant diseases affect the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines,while traditional chemical pesticides have many drawbacks such as environmental pollution,health risks and disruption of ecological balance.Microbiocon...Plant diseases affect the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines,while traditional chemical pesticides have many drawbacks such as environmental pollution,health risks and disruption of ecological balance.Microbiocontrol has gradually appeared in public view,and its application has become increasingly extensive.This paper reviews the disease-causing species of medicinal plants,including fungal,bacterial,nematode,viral and parasitic pests,and reviews the diseases caused by microorganisms in traditional Chinese medicine planting and their biological control by consulting Sciencedirect databases and Web of Science databases.4667 related articles were found,of which 552 were related to microbiocontrol technology and cultivation of traditional Chinese medicines.This review provides a reference for the green planting technology of traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
In the current social environment,the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction is increasing day by day for both the country and its people.Electronic and electrical products,as important items for peo...In the current social environment,the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction is increasing day by day for both the country and its people.Electronic and electrical products,as important items for people’s production and life,require high attention from industry insiders in terms of their energy efficiency testing.Relying on energy efficiency testing can achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction,and related quality control technologies will also inject new momentum into the green development of the industry.This article will discuss the practical strategies of quality control technology for energy efficiency testing of electronic and electrical products based on the significance of such testing,hoping to provide some help.展开更多
Activeow control technology is a technique that controls the internaloweld of aircraft engines or theoweld around wings by means of disturbances induced by actuators,and adjusts the aerodynamic force and attitude of t...Activeow control technology is a technique that controls the internaloweld of aircraft engines or theoweld around wings by means of disturbances induced by actuators,and adjusts the aerodynamic force and attitude of the aircraft,so as to achieve the purposes of increasing lift,reducing drag,suppressing vibration and reducing noise.Hailed as an important source of innovative development for aircraft,this technology provides a new technical approach to solve the aerodynamic problems of aircraft,signicantly improve their comprehensive performance,break throughight boundaries,and promote disruptive innovation in the next generation of aircraft.展开更多
Heavy metal pol ution, especial y cadmium pol ution, has threatened the safety production of rice. The research advance on law of absorption, distribution and accumulation of cadmium in rice and on recent safety contr...Heavy metal pol ution, especial y cadmium pol ution, has threatened the safety production of rice. The research advance on law of absorption, distribution and accumulation of cadmium in rice and on recent safety control technology of cadmium in rice grain was summarized in this paper. We hoped to lay a foundation for the safety production of rice.展开更多
[ Objective ] The study aimed to effectively and timely control the occurrence and damage of Rhyrthophorus femuneus Fabricius in Nanning City, Guangxi Province. [Method]The investigation on the distribution and damage...[ Objective ] The study aimed to effectively and timely control the occurrence and damage of Rhyrthophorus femuneus Fabricius in Nanning City, Guangxi Province. [Method]The investigation on the distribution and damage of R. ferrugineus was conducted in Nanning City, Guangxi Province. Its transmit ways were chocked, light trapping experiment, combination of artificial and chemical control, and chemical control were conducted. [ Result] The investigation indicated that there had distribution of R. ferrugineus in 70% plant nurseries and the scenic areas in Nanning City. Among the planted Hemp palm plants, the damaged vari- eties were up to 80%. The output of palm seedlings which had carried with pests was the main approach for spread and damage of R. ferrugineus. It was effective and feasible to use frequently vibration trapping light to trap adults. Pesticides were sprayed on the bellmouth of host （ central leaf）, then aging leaf sheaths or agri- cultural film was used to strap tender leaf sheath in stalks, which could achieve the purpose of controlling R. femugineus. [ Conclusion ] The control strategies of R. femugineus should be focused on controlling seedlings and the plants with tree age less than ten year; the plants with long tree age and the tall plants should adopt selection control if it was necessary, and the integrated control should be implemented on the prevention measure.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids ...[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids on 22 Brassica campestris materials of the main breeds in Yunnan Province,the new improved varieties in China and the core breeding materials were tested.[Result] Yunyoushuang 1,Huayou 4,Yunhuayou Early-maturing Variety No.1 and A35 showed better aphid-resistance.An optimum pesticide application strategy was to use Diyaling in sowing time,and interchangeably apply nitenpyram and imidacloprid during flowering and pod formation stages.[Conclusion] The present study had provided an important technical support for sustainable development of rape industry.展开更多
Reproductive organ disease of geese is an endemic and multiple infectious disease in large-scale breeding of breeding geese, especially in anti-season production, which brings a great economic loss to goose production...Reproductive organ disease of geese is an endemic and multiple infectious disease in large-scale breeding of breeding geese, especially in anti-season production, which brings a great economic loss to goose production. To make effective prevention and control of reproductive organ disease of breeding geese under the anti-season breeding mode, the characteristics of control principles of infectious diseases of the poultry and the occurrence and prevalence of reproductive organ disease must be combined, so as to carry out scientific prevention and control.At the same time, according to the climate characteristics of summer, the feeding and management of breeding geese and water quality control should also be done well, and many corresponding measures should also be taken, thus obtaining better effect.展开更多
Based on deformation and failure characteristics of the second belt conveyor roadway at level II of Zhuxianzhuang coal mine, laboratory experiments, numerical calculation and field test were adopted to analyze the com...Based on deformation and failure characteristics of the second belt conveyor roadway at level II of Zhuxianzhuang coal mine, laboratory experiments, numerical calculation and field test were adopted to analyze the composition and microstructure of mudstone, the law of mudstone hydration and its strength weakening induced by water, the characteristics of surrounding rock deformation and failure under the action of confined water. Results showed that montmorillonite clay minerals accounted for as much as 76% of mudstone, with a large number of pores existing in the microstructure. Besides, as the molecular structure of montmorillonite changed, mudstone microstructure damage occurred with the macroscopic manifestation of its theological instability. Weakening degree of confined water on residual strength of mudstone was almost 50%. The instability mechanism of soft rock roadway caused by high confined water is that surrounding rock circulates the process of ＂fracture-seepage-mud ding-closed＂ twice, which weakens its strength and leads to roadway instability. A combined support technology, namely the, ＂high-toughness sealing layer ＋ hollow grouting cables ＋ full-length anchoring bolts with deep borehole＂ was proposed. Based on field observation, the soft rock roadway was controlled effectively, which also verified the effectiveness of new control technology for surrounding rock.展开更多
Rectangular section control technology （RSCT） was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy w...Rectangular section control technology （RSCT） was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy was developed. Specifically, RSCT included roll contour design, roiling technology optimization, and control strategy development, aiming at both hot strip mills （HSMs） and cold strip mills （CSMs）. Firstly, through the high-performance variable crown （HVC） work roll optimization design in the upper-stream stands and the limited shifting technology for schedule-free rolling in the downstream stands of HSMs, a hot strip with a stable crown and limited wedge, ：local spot, and single wave was obtained, which was suitable for cold rolling. Secondly, an approximately rectangular section was obtained by edge varying contact （EVC） work roll contour design, edge-drop setting control, and. closed loop control in the upper-stream, stands of CSMs. Moreover, complex-mode flatness control was realized by coordinating multiple shape-control methods in the downstream stands of CSMs. In addition, the RSCT approach was applied in several silicon-steel production plants, where an outsicanding performance and remarkable economic benefits were observed.展开更多
It is imperative to understand the spatial and temporal coordination deformation mechanism and develop targeted deformation control technologies for high sidewall—bottom transfixion(HSBT)zones to guarantee the stabil...It is imperative to understand the spatial and temporal coordination deformation mechanism and develop targeted deformation control technologies for high sidewall—bottom transfixion(HSBT)zones to guarantee the stability of rock surrounding underground hydro-powerhouses under complex geological conditions.In this study,the spatial and temporal coordinated deformation control of HSBT zones was addressed from the aspects of the deformation mechanism,failure characteristics,and control requirements,and some coordinated deformation control technologies were proposed.On this basis,a case study was conducted on the deformation control of the HSBT zone of the underground powerhouse at the Wudongde hydropower station,China.The results showed that the relationship between excavation and support,and the mismatch of deformation and support of the surrounding rock mass in the HSBT zone of underground caverns with a large span and high in-situ stress can be appropriately handled.The solution requires proper excavation and construction procedures,fine blasting control,composite and timely support,and real-time monitoring and dynamic feedback.The technologies proposed in this study will ensure the safe,high-quality,and orderly construction of the Baihetan and Wudongde underground caverns,and can be applied to other similar projects.展开更多
In order to achieve higher efficient cohesion match of procedure and equipment between ironmaking and steelmaking interface, the theory of multi-dimensional material flow control was applied to analyze torpedo ladle-i...In order to achieve higher efficient cohesion match of procedure and equipment between ironmaking and steelmaking interface, the theory of multi-dimensional material flow control was applied to analyze torpedo ladle-iron ladle transportation process between blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace. Moreover, basic parameters of material flow were analyzed and optimized, such as time, temperature and material quantity. Based on operating principles of material flow, control methods were optimized, such as product organization mode, scheduling discipline and scheduling plan of hot metal ladle. Finally, the material flow control technology of ironmaking and steelmaking interface was integrated. Satisfactory effects are obtained after applying the technology in practice. The total turnover number of torpedo ladle decreases from 20 to 18, the hot metal temperature of 1# BF torpedo ladle decreases from 36 °C to 19.5 °C, the hot metal temperature of 2# BF torpedo ladle decreases from 36.6 °C to 19.8 °C, the temperature drop of desulfurization hot metal decreases by 4 °C, and the temperature drop of non-desulfurization hot metal decreases by 2.8 °C. Furthermore, the ironmaking and steelmaking interface system will realize high-efficiency control by using this control technology.展开更多
The stability control of longwall coalface is the key technology of large-cutting-height mining method.Therefore,a systematic study of the factors that affect coalface stability and its control technology is required ...The stability control of longwall coalface is the key technology of large-cutting-height mining method.Therefore,a systematic study of the factors that affect coalface stability and its control technology is required in the development of large-cutting-height mining method in China. After the practical field observation and years of study,it was found that the more than 95% of failures in coalface are shear failure. The shear failure analysis model of coalface has been established,that can perform systematic study among factors such as mining height,coal mass strength,roof load,support resistance,and face flipper protecting plate horizontal force. Meanwhile,sensitivity analysis of factors influencing coalface stability showed that improving support capacity,cohesion of coal mass and decreasing roof load of coalface are the key to improve coalface stability. Numerical simulation of the factors affecting coalface stability has been performed using UDEC software and the results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. The coalface reinforcement technology of large-cutting-height mining method using the grouting combined with coir rope is presented. Laboratory tests have been carried out to verify its reinforcement effect and practical application has been implemented in several coal mines with good results.It has now become the main technology to reduce longwall coalface failure of large-cutting-height mining method.展开更多
The electromagnetic control roll(ECR)and electromagnetic stick(ES)are the core elements and the main driving parts of roll profile electromagnetic control technology(RPECT).To prolong the service life,it is necessary ...The electromagnetic control roll(ECR)and electromagnetic stick(ES)are the core elements and the main driving parts of roll profile electromagnetic control technology(RPECT).To prolong the service life,it is necessary to treat ECR and ES surfaces.According to the heterogeneous characteristics of surface treatments,the roll profile electromagnetic control characteristics were analyzed for different parameters.An electromagnetic-thermal-force coupled axisymmetric finite element model was built to explore the differences in performance as a result of several treatment strategies,and the model was verified by experimental results measured with a roll profile electromagnetic control experimental platform.This model was used to analyze the influence of the heterogeneity of ECR inner hole and ES on the roll crown,the roll profile,the average contact pressure,and the stress state during RPECT process.The results indicate that the heterogeneous layer at ECR inner hole has a restrictive effect on RPECT and that the heterogeneous layer of ES can enhance the profile control ability of RPECT.A reasonable configuration scheme between the heterogeneity of ECR inner hole and the ES can increase the life of ECR and maintain the control ability of RPECT.展开更多
The Jinping I hydropower station is a huge water conservancy project consisting of the highest concrete arch dam to date in the world and a highly complex and large underground powerhouse cavern. It is located on the ...The Jinping I hydropower station is a huge water conservancy project consisting of the highest concrete arch dam to date in the world and a highly complex and large underground powerhouse cavern. It is located on the right bank with extremely high in-situ stress and a few discontinuities observed in surrounding rock masses. The problems of rock mass deformation and failure result in considerable challenges related to project design and construction and have raised a wide range of concerns in the fields of rock mechanics and engineering. During the excavation of underground caverns, high in-situ stress and relatively low rock mass strength in combination with large excavation dimensions lead to large deformation of the surrounding rock mass and support. Existing experiences in excavation and support cannot deal with the large deformation of rock mass effectively, and further studies are needed. In this paper, the geological conditions, layout of caverns, and design of excavation and support are first introduced, and then detailed analyses of deformation and failure characteristics of rocks are presented. Based on this, the mechanisms of deformation and failure are discussed, and the support adjustments for controlling rock large deformation and subsequent excavation procedures are proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of support and excavation adjustments to maintain the stability of the rock mass is verified. The measures for controlling the large deformation of surrounding rocks enrich the practical experiences related to the design and construction of large underground openings, and the construction of caverns in the Jinping I hydropower station provides a good case study of large-scale excavation in highly stressed ground with complex geological structures, as well as a reference case for research on rock mechanics.展开更多
Surrounding rock control in the overlying protective coal seam is a challenging topic for de-stressed mining of multi-seamed coal.Current research findings on roadway control were used in the design of a physical mode...Surrounding rock control in the overlying protective coal seam is a challenging topic for de-stressed mining of multi-seamed coal.Current research findings on roadway control were used in the design of a physical model of a complex textured roof having a varying thickness.The model was used to study roadway instability and collapse caused by dynamic pressure.The results show that when the thickness of the roof exceeds the bolted depth the roadway security is least and the roof has the greatest possibility for collapse.Numerical simulations were also carried out to study stress redistribution before and after roadway excavation during underlying protective seam mining.The evolution of roadway displacement and fracture,as affected by support methods,has been well studied.A series of support principles and technologies for mining affected roadways has been proposed after demonstration of successful practical application in the Huainan Mines.These principles and technologies are of extended value to deep coal mining support in China.展开更多
The mechanism of ground vibration in building demolition blasting was investigated,taking into account the prevailing influential factors, including the building's heightof mass center, the quantity size, the stru...The mechanism of ground vibration in building demolition blasting was investigated,taking into account the prevailing influential factors, including the building's heightof mass center, the quantity size, the structural feature, the component material quantity,the demolition method, the geological structure of the region, earthquake resistance rank,as well as the earthquake wave dissemination.The proposed method was applied efficientlyto reduce the blasting effects on the environment, which enriches the control theoriesof vibration caused by collapse in the blasting process and may provide a good referencefor the related engineering practices.展开更多
文摘By system analysis and imitating modeling authors show the most effective modern techniques for railway electric systems control. Modem measure technologies PMU-WAMS and smart grid allow to solve real time tasks of centralizing control of railway electric systems. Quantity characteristics of control effectiveness are determined. According to computer modeling the situation approach is available for practical tasks of railway electric system control.
文摘Arsenic(As),classified as a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC),poses severe risks to ecosystems and human health through atmospheric exposure.This review synthesizes current knowledge on the sources,health impacts,and control strategies of atmospheric arsenic,with an emphasis on its global transport and toxicity.Natural sources,such as volcanic eruptions and soil erosion,contribute approximately 2.1 Gg/year;however,anthropogenic activities,notably metal smelting and coal combustion,dominate emissions,with global anthropogenic releases reaching approximately 28.6 Gg/year.Atmospheric arsenic primarily exists in two forms:particulate matter(PM_(2.5)-bound As(Ⅴ)/As(Ⅲ)and methylated species)and gaseous forms(e.g.,AsH_(3),As_(2)O_(3)),facilitating long-range transport and cross-continental pollution,as evidenced by Asian emissions contributing 39% of Arctic deposition.Advanced techniques,such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and models like GEOS-Chem,enhance emission tracking;however,gaps persist in monitoring gaseous arsenic and refining emission inventories.Health risks include lung cancer,neurotoxicity,and cardiovascular diseases,exacerbated by inhalation and dietary exposure via contaminated crops.Control technologies,including calcium-and iron-based adsorbents and industrial scrubbers,show promise but face challenges related to efficiency and cost.Regional strategies,such as China’s tightened emission limits(0.5 mg/m^(3))and the EU’s Best Available Techniques(BAT),highlight progress,yet global cooperation remains vital for transboundary mitigation.Future research should prioritize low-cost sensors,elucidating speciation-toxicity relationships,and AI-driven emission management to address data gaps and optimize policies.Integrating multidisciplinary approaches—advanced science,stringent regulations,and international collaboration—is crucial to mitigate the environmental and public health impacts of arsenic amid growing industrialization and climate change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52293443,52321005,52230004)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515010085)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(GXWD20231127195344001 and JCYJ20241202123735045)Shenzhen Overseas High-level Talents Research Startup Program(20200518750C).
文摘Biological contaminants(BCs),including but not limited to various pathogens and their endogenous pol-lutants such as intracellular pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs),are ubiquitously detected in effluent of wastewater and drinking water treatment systems which were originally designed to remove common indicator bacteria,resulting in potential impacts on public health.Although there are many emerging technologies that showing promising antimicrobial effects,few have progressed to the actual water scenarios.It’s crucial to understand the main knowledge gaps and thereby design the future developments to better meet engineering requirements.In this review,we first summarize the perfor-mance of conventional water treatment towards BCs removal.Then we showcase the advances of proof-of-concept strategies,including nanotechnology,advanced oxidation process,biological control process and integrated techniques,for BCs control in light of antimicrobial mechanisms,characteristics,proper niches in water treatment,challenges and latest improvements.Further,we proposed a semi-quantitative framework coupling life cycle assessment(LCA)and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to assess and compare the application potential of representative pilot technologies,in which the antimicro-bial effects,economic issues and sustainability are comprehensively considered.For wastewater treat-ment,non-thermal plasma weights highest among the emerging technologies and outperforms conventional disinfection in terms of efficacy indicators(overall inactivation rate,ARGs removal rate,and growth inhibition),but fall behind overall mainly due to more energy input.Bacteriophage-based treatment has the potential to synergistically inactive the persistent pathogens in combination with con-ventional disinfection,serving as a cost-effective and environmental-friendly supplement.For drinking water treatment,the integrated photocatalytic nanocomposite receives the highest application potential among the emerging technologies and appears to be supplementary or even alternative next-generation disinfectants.This review shares valuable insights to propel the proof-of-concept antimicrobial trials towards industrial procedures.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project (No.2022YFB2602001)the National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control (No.DQGG0207).
文摘Chinese diesel trucks are the main contributors to NOx and particulate matter(PM)vehicle emissions.An increase in diesel trucks could aggravate air pollution and damage human health.The Chinese government has recently implemented a series of emission control technologies andmeasures for air quality improvement.This paper summarizes recent control technologies and measures for diesel truck emissions in China and introduces the comprehensive application of control technologies and measures in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding regions.Remote onlinemonitoring technology has been adopted according to the China VI standard for heavy-duty diesel trucks,and control measures such as transportation structure adjustment and heavy pollution enterprise classification control continue to support the battle action plan for pollution control.Perspectives and suggestions are provided for promoting pollution control and supervision of diesel truck emissions:adhere to the concept of overall management and control,vigorously promote the application of systematic and technological means in emission monitoring,continuously facilitate cargo transportation structure adjustment and promote new energy freight vehicles.This paper aims to accelerate the implementation of control technologies and measures throughout China.China is endeavouring to control diesel truck exhaust pollution.China is willing to cooperate with the world to protect the global ecological environment.
基金financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(81973284)Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LJKZ0944).
文摘Plant diseases affect the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines,while traditional chemical pesticides have many drawbacks such as environmental pollution,health risks and disruption of ecological balance.Microbiocontrol has gradually appeared in public view,and its application has become increasingly extensive.This paper reviews the disease-causing species of medicinal plants,including fungal,bacterial,nematode,viral and parasitic pests,and reviews the diseases caused by microorganisms in traditional Chinese medicine planting and their biological control by consulting Sciencedirect databases and Web of Science databases.4667 related articles were found,of which 552 were related to microbiocontrol technology and cultivation of traditional Chinese medicines.This review provides a reference for the green planting technology of traditional Chinese medicine.
文摘In the current social environment,the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction is increasing day by day for both the country and its people.Electronic and electrical products,as important items for people’s production and life,require high attention from industry insiders in terms of their energy efficiency testing.Relying on energy efficiency testing can achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction,and related quality control technologies will also inject new momentum into the green development of the industry.This article will discuss the practical strategies of quality control technology for energy efficiency testing of electronic and electrical products based on the significance of such testing,hoping to provide some help.
文摘Activeow control technology is a technique that controls the internaloweld of aircraft engines or theoweld around wings by means of disturbances induced by actuators,and adjusts the aerodynamic force and attitude of the aircraft,so as to achieve the purposes of increasing lift,reducing drag,suppressing vibration and reducing noise.Hailed as an important source of innovative development for aircraft,this technology provides a new technical approach to solve the aerodynamic problems of aircraft,signicantly improve their comprehensive performance,break throughight boundaries,and promote disruptive innovation in the next generation of aircraft.
基金Supported by the Twelfth Five-Year National Science and Technology Support Project(2012BAK17B03)National Nature Science Foundation of China(31401356)+1 种基金College Students’ Science and Technology Innovation Activities Project Plan(New Talent Plan) in Zhejiang Province(2013R409036)National College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program~~
文摘Heavy metal pol ution, especial y cadmium pol ution, has threatened the safety production of rice. The research advance on law of absorption, distribution and accumulation of cadmium in rice and on recent safety control technology of cadmium in rice grain was summarized in this paper. We hoped to lay a foundation for the safety production of rice.
基金Supported by Natural Science and Technology Fund Project in Guangxi Vocational Technical College of Agriculture(B070206)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The study aimed to effectively and timely control the occurrence and damage of Rhyrthophorus femuneus Fabricius in Nanning City, Guangxi Province. [Method]The investigation on the distribution and damage of R. ferrugineus was conducted in Nanning City, Guangxi Province. Its transmit ways were chocked, light trapping experiment, combination of artificial and chemical control, and chemical control were conducted. [ Result] The investigation indicated that there had distribution of R. ferrugineus in 70% plant nurseries and the scenic areas in Nanning City. Among the planted Hemp palm plants, the damaged vari- eties were up to 80%. The output of palm seedlings which had carried with pests was the main approach for spread and damage of R. ferrugineus. It was effective and feasible to use frequently vibration trapping light to trap adults. Pesticides were sprayed on the bellmouth of host （ central leaf）, then aging leaf sheaths or agri- cultural film was used to strap tender leaf sheath in stalks, which could achieve the purpose of controlling R. femugineus. [ Conclusion ] The control strategies of R. femugineus should be focused on controlling seedlings and the plants with tree age less than ten year; the plants with long tree age and the tall plants should adopt selection control if it was necessary, and the integrated control should be implemented on the prevention measure.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Supporting Project (2009BADA8B01,2010BAD01B04)Kunming Comprehensive Experimental Station,National Modern Agricultural Rape Industrial Technology System(NYCYTX-00564)Development of the Yunnan Modern Agricultural Rape Industrial Technology System~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids on 22 Brassica campestris materials of the main breeds in Yunnan Province,the new improved varieties in China and the core breeding materials were tested.[Result] Yunyoushuang 1,Huayou 4,Yunhuayou Early-maturing Variety No.1 and A35 showed better aphid-resistance.An optimum pesticide application strategy was to use Diyaling in sowing time,and interchangeably apply nitenpyram and imidacloprid during flowering and pod formation stages.[Conclusion] The present study had provided an important technical support for sustainable development of rape industry.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Supporting Program of Huai'an City in Jiangsu Province(No.:SN13057)~~
文摘Reproductive organ disease of geese is an endemic and multiple infectious disease in large-scale breeding of breeding geese, especially in anti-season production, which brings a great economic loss to goose production. To make effective prevention and control of reproductive organ disease of breeding geese under the anti-season breeding mode, the characteristics of control principles of infectious diseases of the poultry and the occurrence and prevalence of reproductive organ disease must be combined, so as to carry out scientific prevention and control.At the same time, according to the climate characteristics of summer, the feeding and management of breeding geese and water quality control should also be done well, and many corresponding measures should also be taken, thus obtaining better effect.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20141130)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2014QNB27)
文摘Based on deformation and failure characteristics of the second belt conveyor roadway at level II of Zhuxianzhuang coal mine, laboratory experiments, numerical calculation and field test were adopted to analyze the composition and microstructure of mudstone, the law of mudstone hydration and its strength weakening induced by water, the characteristics of surrounding rock deformation and failure under the action of confined water. Results showed that montmorillonite clay minerals accounted for as much as 76% of mudstone, with a large number of pores existing in the microstructure. Besides, as the molecular structure of montmorillonite changed, mudstone microstructure damage occurred with the macroscopic manifestation of its theological instability. Weakening degree of confined water on residual strength of mudstone was almost 50%. The instability mechanism of soft rock roadway caused by high confined water is that surrounding rock circulates the process of ＂fracture-seepage-mud ding-closed＂ twice, which weakens its strength and leads to roadway instability. A combined support technology, namely the, ＂high-toughness sealing layer ＋ hollow grouting cables ＋ full-length anchoring bolts with deep borehole＂ was proposed. Based on field observation, the soft rock roadway was controlled effectively, which also verified the effectiveness of new control technology for surrounding rock.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51304017)National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the 12th Five-year Plan of China(2012BAF04B02)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China(FRF-SD-12-013B)
文摘Rectangular section control technology （RSCT） was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy was developed. Specifically, RSCT included roll contour design, roiling technology optimization, and control strategy development, aiming at both hot strip mills （HSMs） and cold strip mills （CSMs）. Firstly, through the high-performance variable crown （HVC） work roll optimization design in the upper-stream stands and the limited shifting technology for schedule-free rolling in the downstream stands of HSMs, a hot strip with a stable crown and limited wedge, ：local spot, and single wave was obtained, which was suitable for cold rolling. Secondly, an approximately rectangular section was obtained by edge varying contact （EVC） work roll contour design, edge-drop setting control, and. closed loop control in the upper-stream, stands of CSMs. Moreover, complex-mode flatness control was realized by coordinating multiple shape-control methods in the downstream stands of CSMs. In addition, the RSCT approach was applied in several silicon-steel production plants, where an outsicanding performance and remarkable economic benefits were observed.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51979146 and 12102230)the China Three Gorges Corporation Research Program(Nos.WDD/0490,WDD/0578,and BHT/0774)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M711862).
文摘It is imperative to understand the spatial and temporal coordination deformation mechanism and develop targeted deformation control technologies for high sidewall—bottom transfixion(HSBT)zones to guarantee the stability of rock surrounding underground hydro-powerhouses under complex geological conditions.In this study,the spatial and temporal coordinated deformation control of HSBT zones was addressed from the aspects of the deformation mechanism,failure characteristics,and control requirements,and some coordinated deformation control technologies were proposed.On this basis,a case study was conducted on the deformation control of the HSBT zone of the underground powerhouse at the Wudongde hydropower station,China.The results showed that the relationship between excavation and support,and the mismatch of deformation and support of the surrounding rock mass in the HSBT zone of underground caverns with a large span and high in-situ stress can be appropriately handled.The solution requires proper excavation and construction procedures,fine blasting control,composite and timely support,and real-time monitoring and dynamic feedback.The technologies proposed in this study will ensure the safe,high-quality,and orderly construction of the Baihetan and Wudongde underground caverns,and can be applied to other similar projects.
基金Project(2011FZ056)supported by the Applied Basic Research Plan Program of Yunnan Province,China
文摘In order to achieve higher efficient cohesion match of procedure and equipment between ironmaking and steelmaking interface, the theory of multi-dimensional material flow control was applied to analyze torpedo ladle-iron ladle transportation process between blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace. Moreover, basic parameters of material flow were analyzed and optimized, such as time, temperature and material quantity. Based on operating principles of material flow, control methods were optimized, such as product organization mode, scheduling discipline and scheduling plan of hot metal ladle. Finally, the material flow control technology of ironmaking and steelmaking interface was integrated. Satisfactory effects are obtained after applying the technology in practice. The total turnover number of torpedo ladle decreases from 20 to 18, the hot metal temperature of 1# BF torpedo ladle decreases from 36 °C to 19.5 °C, the hot metal temperature of 2# BF torpedo ladle decreases from 36.6 °C to 19.8 °C, the temperature drop of desulfurization hot metal decreases by 4 °C, and the temperature drop of non-desulfurization hot metal decreases by 2.8 °C. Furthermore, the ironmaking and steelmaking interface system will realize high-efficiency control by using this control technology.
基金financial support from National Basic Research Program of China (No.2013CB227903)the National Natural Science Foundation of General Program of China (No.51574244)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U1361209) are greatly appreciated
文摘The stability control of longwall coalface is the key technology of large-cutting-height mining method.Therefore,a systematic study of the factors that affect coalface stability and its control technology is required in the development of large-cutting-height mining method in China. After the practical field observation and years of study,it was found that the more than 95% of failures in coalface are shear failure. The shear failure analysis model of coalface has been established,that can perform systematic study among factors such as mining height,coal mass strength,roof load,support resistance,and face flipper protecting plate horizontal force. Meanwhile,sensitivity analysis of factors influencing coalface stability showed that improving support capacity,cohesion of coal mass and decreasing roof load of coalface are the key to improve coalface stability. Numerical simulation of the factors affecting coalface stability has been performed using UDEC software and the results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. The coalface reinforcement technology of large-cutting-height mining method using the grouting combined with coir rope is presented. Laboratory tests have been carried out to verify its reinforcement effect and practical application has been implemented in several coal mines with good results.It has now become the main technology to reduce longwall coalface failure of large-cutting-height mining method.
基金This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1560206 and 51975510).
文摘The electromagnetic control roll(ECR)and electromagnetic stick(ES)are the core elements and the main driving parts of roll profile electromagnetic control technology(RPECT).To prolong the service life,it is necessary to treat ECR and ES surfaces.According to the heterogeneous characteristics of surface treatments,the roll profile electromagnetic control characteristics were analyzed for different parameters.An electromagnetic-thermal-force coupled axisymmetric finite element model was built to explore the differences in performance as a result of several treatment strategies,and the model was verified by experimental results measured with a roll profile electromagnetic control experimental platform.This model was used to analyze the influence of the heterogeneity of ECR inner hole and ES on the roll crown,the roll profile,the average contact pressure,and the stress state during RPECT process.The results indicate that the heterogeneous layer at ECR inner hole has a restrictive effect on RPECT and that the heterogeneous layer of ES can enhance the profile control ability of RPECT.A reasonable configuration scheme between the heterogeneity of ECR inner hole and the ES can increase the life of ECR and maintain the control ability of RPECT.
文摘The Jinping I hydropower station is a huge water conservancy project consisting of the highest concrete arch dam to date in the world and a highly complex and large underground powerhouse cavern. It is located on the right bank with extremely high in-situ stress and a few discontinuities observed in surrounding rock masses. The problems of rock mass deformation and failure result in considerable challenges related to project design and construction and have raised a wide range of concerns in the fields of rock mechanics and engineering. During the excavation of underground caverns, high in-situ stress and relatively low rock mass strength in combination with large excavation dimensions lead to large deformation of the surrounding rock mass and support. Existing experiences in excavation and support cannot deal with the large deformation of rock mass effectively, and further studies are needed. In this paper, the geological conditions, layout of caverns, and design of excavation and support are first introduced, and then detailed analyses of deformation and failure characteristics of rocks are presented. Based on this, the mechanisms of deformation and failure are discussed, and the support adjustments for controlling rock large deformation and subsequent excavation procedures are proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of support and excavation adjustments to maintain the stability of the rock mass is verified. The measures for controlling the large deformation of surrounding rocks enrich the practical experiences related to the design and construction of large underground openings, and the construction of caverns in the Jinping I hydropower station provides a good case study of large-scale excavation in highly stressed ground with complex geological structures, as well as a reference case for research on rock mechanics.
基金Financial support for this work,provided by the National Key Technology R&D Program(No.2007BAK28B00)the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth of China(No.50904064)+2 种基金the Research Fund for the Youth of China University of Mining & Technology(No.2008A004)the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,CUMT(No.SKLCRSM09X03)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety,CUMT(No.08KF10)
文摘Surrounding rock control in the overlying protective coal seam is a challenging topic for de-stressed mining of multi-seamed coal.Current research findings on roadway control were used in the design of a physical model of a complex textured roof having a varying thickness.The model was used to study roadway instability and collapse caused by dynamic pressure.The results show that when the thickness of the roof exceeds the bolted depth the roadway security is least and the roof has the greatest possibility for collapse.Numerical simulations were also carried out to study stress redistribution before and after roadway excavation during underlying protective seam mining.The evolution of roadway displacement and fracture,as affected by support methods,has been well studied.A series of support principles and technologies for mining affected roadways has been proposed after demonstration of successful practical application in the Huainan Mines.These principles and technologies are of extended value to deep coal mining support in China.
文摘The mechanism of ground vibration in building demolition blasting was investigated,taking into account the prevailing influential factors, including the building's heightof mass center, the quantity size, the structural feature, the component material quantity,the demolition method, the geological structure of the region, earthquake resistance rank,as well as the earthquake wave dissemination.The proposed method was applied efficientlyto reduce the blasting effects on the environment, which enriches the control theoriesof vibration caused by collapse in the blasting process and may provide a good referencefor the related engineering practices.
