AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current resea...AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.展开更多
This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system,providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,based on field-measu...This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system,providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,based on field-measured parameters related to a representative case(a shale gas platform located in Sichuan,China)are conducted to analyze the flow characteristics of specific fittings and manifolds,and to quantify fitting resistance coefficients and manifold inlet interference.The resulting coefficients are integrated into a full-station gathering network model in PipeSim,which,combined with production data,enables evaluation of pressure losses and identification of equivalent pipeline blockages.The results indicate that the resistance coefficients,valid only for fittings under the studied field-specific geometries,are 0.21 for 90◦elbows in the fully open position,0.16 for gate valve passages in the fully open position,and 2.3 for globe valve passages.Manifold interference decreases with lower high-pressure inlet values,whereas inlets farther from the high-pressure side experience stronger disturbances.Interestingly,significant discrepancies between simulated and measured pressure drops reveal partial blockages,corresponding to effective diameter reductions of 65 mm,38 mm,44 mm,38 mm,and 28 mm for Wells 1#,3#,5#,and 6#,respectively.展开更多
Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from sei...Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from seismic networks,satellite observations,and geospatial repositories,creating the need for scalable infrastructures capable of integrating and analyzing such data to support intelligent decision-making.Data warehousing technologies provide a robust foundation for this purpose;however,existing earthquake-oriented data warehouses remain limited,often relying on simplified schemas,domain-specific analytics,or cataloguing efforts.This paper presents the design and implementation of a spatio-temporal data warehouse for seismic activity.The framework integrates spatial and temporal dimensions in a unified schema and introduces a novel array-based approach for managing many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions without intermediate bridge tables.A comparative evaluation against a conventional bridge-table schema demonstrates that the array-based design improves fact-centric query performance,while the bridge-table schema remains advantageous for dimension-centric queries.To reconcile these trade-offs,a hybrid schema is proposed that retains both representations,ensuring balanced efficiency across heterogeneous workloads.The proposed framework demonstrates how spatio-temporal data warehousing can address schema complexity,improve query performance,and support multidimensional visualization.In doing so,it provides a foundation for integrating seismic analysis into broader big data-driven intelligent decision systems for disaster resilience,risk mitigation,and emergency management.展开更多
This paper proposes an augmented reduced-order active disturbance rejection control(ARADRC)to address the control challenges in nonlinear systems with unknown disturbances.An augmented reduced-order extended state obs...This paper proposes an augmented reduced-order active disturbance rejection control(ARADRC)to address the control challenges in nonlinear systems with unknown disturbances.An augmented reduced-order extended state observer(ARESO)is constructed to estimate the unmeasured states,the total disturbance,and its derivatives.Compared to conventional ESOs,the proposed ARESO can enhance the estimation performance by actively estimating the derivatives of the total disturbance.In the time domain,by an inductive decoupling-based bound analysis method,this paper rigorously investigates the closed-loop transient performance without the prior assumption on the boundedness of derivatives of nonlinear uncertainties.In the frequency domain,a comparative analysis demonstrates the superiority of ARADRC in both disturbance estimation and rejection.Finally,the magnetic levitation experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
We investigate the alpha helical protein structure characterized by fourth-order interspine coupling,focusing on a three-coupled fourth-order nonlinear Schr??dinger system.We introduce a generalized Darboux transforma...We investigate the alpha helical protein structure characterized by fourth-order interspine coupling,focusing on a three-coupled fourth-order nonlinear Schr??dinger system.We introduce a generalized Darboux transformation,departing from the classical Darboux transformation.Based on this,we construct the two-and three-degenerate soliton solutions and four-degenerate asymptotic soliton solutions.Based on the asymptotic analysis,we find that the amplitudes of interacting solitons are retained upon the interactions.Elastic interactions between two degenerate solitons exhibiting four curve-type asymptotic solitons are depicted.When the lattice parameterβchanges,the velocities of the two degenerate solitons also change.Elastic interaction among three degenerate solitons comprising four curve-type asymptotic solitons and two line-type solitons is presented.Interaction among one soliton and two degenerate solitons with different velocities is shown.Elastic interaction among four degenerate solitons comprising eight curve-type asymptotic solitons is also presented.Interaction among two two-degenerate solitons with two spectral parameters is shown.The relative distance between two asymptotic solitons exhibits logarithmic growth with|t|,where t represents the retarded time.Acceleration of soliton separation decays exponentially with relative distance,and eventually approaches zero.Phase shifts depend on t.展开更多
Traditional approaches to teaching the power system analysis course face challenges such as abstract and difficult-to-understand content,single teaching method,and limited practical links.In response,this paper explor...Traditional approaches to teaching the power system analysis course face challenges such as abstract and difficult-to-understand content,single teaching method,and limited practical links.In response,this paper explores in depth the significance and strategies of applying AI technology in the teaching of the course.The aim is to enhance students’ability to understand and apply knowledge,and to cultivate well-qualified technical professionals who can adapt to the intelligent development needs of the power industry.The proposed strategies include building an intelligent learning diagnosis platform,providing personalized learning guidance,developing an AI-integrated curriculum system,fostering a“dual-qualified and interdisciplinary”teaching team,and establishing a diversified assessment and evaluation system.展开更多
The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Pale...The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine carbonate rock strata are directly covered by the Cenozoic terrestrial clastic rock strata,which form a strong shielding layer.To obtain the reflection signals of the strata below the strong shielding layer,a one-way wave equation bidirectional illumination analysis of the main observation system parameters was conducted by analyzing the mechanism of the strong shielding layer.Low-frequency seismic sources are assumed to have a high illumination intensity on the reflection layer below the strong shielding layer.Accordingly,optimized acquisition parameter suggestions were proposed,and reacquisition was performed at the existing survey line locations in the Laoshan Uplift area.The imaging of the newly acquired data in the middle and deep layers was drastically improved.It revealed the unconformity between the Sinian and Cambrian under the strong shielding layer.The study yielded new insights into the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Lower Paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea.展开更多
Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emp...Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.展开更多
Dear Editor,We read with a great interest the recently published systematic review by Shamsikhani and Hosseini titled,“Foot reflexology on nausea and vomiting:A systematic review.”[1]While the authors provided a com...Dear Editor,We read with a great interest the recently published systematic review by Shamsikhani and Hosseini titled,“Foot reflexology on nausea and vomiting:A systematic review.”[1]While the authors provided a comprehensive qualitative synthesis of six studies meeting their inclusion criteria,we believe that additional quantitative analysis would strengthen the evidence base for foot reflexology in managing nausea and vomiting.We conducted a complementary meta-analysis to provide quantitative evidence supporting the qualitative findings presented in the systematic review.展开更多
The ballistic impact identification method for the helicopter Tail Drive Shaft System(TDSS)isn't yet comprehensive,which affects helicopter flight safety.This paper proposes a ballistic impact identification metho...The ballistic impact identification method for the helicopter Tail Drive Shaft System(TDSS)isn't yet comprehensive,which affects helicopter flight safety.This paper proposes a ballistic impact identification method for the TDSS based on vibration response analysis.Based on the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criteria,the ballistic impact finite element simulation model is established,which is verified by the ballistic impact experiment of the Tail Drive Shaft(TDS).Considering the ballistic impact excitation force,the dynamic model of the TDSS with ballistic impact is established,which is verified by finite element commercial software.If a bullet hits the TDS,the bending vibration displacement increases sharply at a certain moment and then significantly increases but remains stable.Meanwhile,the critical speed component appears in the frequency-domain response of bending vibration,and then the speed component significantly increases but remains stable.What's more,the axis trajectory exhibits a sudden,large-scale,and irregular whirling motion at a certain moment,followed by a significant increase but remains stable.Furthermore,if the axial vibration response is small,the bullet core shooting should be considered vertically or at a small incident angle,otherwise,it should be considered at a large incident angle.展开更多
Slag viscosity plays a crucial role in the smelting process.A slag viscosity prediction model was developed by integrating hyperparameter optimization algorithms,machine learning,and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP...Slag viscosity plays a crucial role in the smelting process.A slag viscosity prediction model was developed by integrating hyperparameter optimization algorithms,machine learning,and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)analysis.The developed slag viscosity prediction models were evaluated using multiple statistical metrics,leading to the identification of the optimal model—Bayesian optimization-based categorical boosting(BO-CatBoost).And this model was further compared with existing models,including NPL model,FactSage+Roscoe-Einstein(RE)equation,artificial neural network model+RE equation,Riboud model+RE equation,and Zhang model.The results indicate that the slag viscosity prediction model based on BO-CatBoost outperforms all other models,achieving a coefficient of determination of 0.9897,a root mean square error of 1.0619,a mean absolute error of 0.6133,and a hit ratio of 95.1%.The global interpretability analysis of SHAP analysis was used to reveal the importance degree of different features on slag viscosity.The local interpretability analysis of SHAP analysis was used to obtain the quantitative influence of different features on slag viscosity in specific samples.The high-accuracy and interpretable slag viscosity prediction model developed is beneficial to the intelligent design of slag composition.展开更多
Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments,and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research.However,at present,there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic qu...Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments,and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research.However,at present,there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic quality of Chinese hamsters.Here,we developed a novel Chinese hamster genetic quality detection system using single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers.To find SNP loci,we conducted whole genome sequencing on 24 Chinese hamsters.Then,we employed an SNP locus screening criterion that we set up previously and initially screened 214 SNP loci with wide genome distribution and high polymorphism level.Subsequently,we developed the SNP detection system using a multitarget region capture technique based on second-generation sequencing,and a 55 SNP panel for genetic evaluation of Chinese hamster populations was developed.PopGen.32.analysis results showed that the average effective allele number,Shannon index,observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity,average heterozygosity,polymorphism information,and other genetic parameters of Chinese hamster population A were higher than those in population B.Using scientific screening and optimization,we successfully developed a novel Chinese hamster SNP genetic detection system that can efficiently and accurately analyze the genetic quality of the Chinese hamster population.展开更多
This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo,utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation...This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo,utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation levels.This research analyses the optimal combination of solar panels and battery capacity in 11 cities in Kalimantan using particle swarm optimization(PSO)and grey wolf optimization(GWO)algorithms to maximize energy output,reduce levelised energy costs,and maximally reduce carbon emissions.Results show Tara-kan as the most optimal location,generating 215,804.88 kWh for IDR 916.9/kWh and lowering emissions by 435,884.29 kgCO_(2)e,while Samarinda is the least optimal location.Economically,electricity tariffs of IDR 2,466.78/kWh and IDR 2,000/kWh generate a positive Net Present Value(NPV)with a payback period(PP)of 9-12 years,while a tariffof IDR 1,500/kWh is considered unfavorable.Thefindings demonstrate the effectiveness of PSO and GWO in optimizing the renewable energy system and confirm the project’sfinancial viability,with a positive NPV and reasonable PP.Implementing renewable energy systems in Kalimantan Island can improve energy effi-ciency and significantly reduce carbon emissions,supporting environmental sustainability goals.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection of nerve growth factors combined with task-oriented training for patients with post-stroke hemiplegic gait,and quantitatively evaluate the outcome...[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection of nerve growth factors combined with task-oriented training for patients with post-stroke hemiplegic gait,and quantitatively evaluate the outcomes using the Gait Watch analysis system.[Methods]A total of 90 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia,who were hospitalized at the Rehabilitation Center of Taihe Hospital between January 2023 and December 2023,were selected for this study.The participants were randomly assigned to three groups:the task-oriented rehabilitation training group(control group I,n=30),the ordinary acupuncture combined with task-oriented training group(control group II,n=30),and the acupoint injection combined with task-oriented training group(observation group,n=30).Each group underwent treatment for 4 weeks.The Gait Watch analysis system was employed to assess the spatiotemporal gait parameters of the patients prior to treatment,as well as 2 weeks post treatment and 4 weeks post treatment.The efficacy of the treatment was subsequently analyzed.[Results]After 4 weeks of treatment,the spatiotemporal gait parameters,specifically step length,step speed,step frequency,percentage of the standing phase,and percentage of the swinging phase,exhibited significant improvement in the observation group compared to those before treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore,the degree of improvement in the observation group was superior to that observed in both control group I and control group II,with the differences reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Acupoint injection combined with task-oriented training has been shown to significantly enhance gait function in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.The Gait Watch analysis system offers an accurate and objective quantitative assessment,making it a valuable tool for clinical application and promotion.展开更多
Optimization and simplification of optical systems represent a milestone in advancing the development of handheld and portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)systems towards smaller,more integrated forms.Th...Optimization and simplification of optical systems represent a milestone in advancing the development of handheld and portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)systems towards smaller,more integrated forms.This research,for the first time,conducted a comprehensive optimization design and comparative analysis of three compact LIBS system optical paths:the paraxial optical path(OP),the off-axis OP,and the reflective OP.The differences in spectral intensity and stability among these paths were revealed,providing a scientific basis for selecting the optimal OP for LIBS systems.The research found that the paraxial OP excels in spectral performance and quantitative analysis accuracy,making it the preferred choice for compact LIBS systems.Specifically,the paraxial OP significantly enhances spectral intensity,achieving a 6 times improvement over the off-axis OP and an even more remarkable 150 times increase compared to the reflective OP,greatly enhancing detection sensitivity.Additionally,the relative standard deviation,spectral stability index,maintains a consistently low level,ranging from 10.9%to 13.4%,significantly outperforming the other two OPs and ensuring the reliability of analytical results.In the field of quantitative analysis,the paraxial OP also demonstrates higher accuracy,precision,and sensitivity,comparing to other OPs.The quantitative analysis models for Si,Cu,and Ti elements exhibit excellent fitting,providing users with high-quality quantitative analysis results that are of great significance for applications in material science,environmental monitoring,industrial inspection,and other fields.In summary,this study not only confirms the enormous application potential of the paraxial OP in compact LIBS systems but also provides valuable practical experience and theoretical support for the miniaturization and integration of LIBS systems.Looking ahead,with continuous technological advancements,the design of the paraxial OP is expected to further propel the widespread adoption of LIBS technology in portable,on-site detection applications.展开更多
In general,bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of bioactive constituents from botanical materials frequently ended up with the reward of a single compound.However,botanical materials typically exert their ther...In general,bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of bioactive constituents from botanical materials frequently ended up with the reward of a single compound.However,botanical materials typically exert their therapeutic actions through multi-pathway effects due to the intrinsic complex nature of chemical constituents.In addition,the content of bioactive compounds in botanical materials is largely dependent on humidity,temperature,soil,especially geographical origins,from which rapid and accurate identification of plant materials is pressingly needed.These long-standing obstacles collectively impede the deep exploi-tation and application of these versatile natural sources.To address the challenges,a new paradigm inte-grating biogravimetric analyses and machine learning-driven origin classification(BAMLOC)was developed.The biogravimetric analyses are based on absolute qHNMR quantification and in vivo zebrafish model-assisted activity index calculation,by which bioactive substance groups jointly responsible for the bioactivities in all fractions are pinpointed before any isolation effort.To differentiate origin-different botanical materials varying in the content of bioactive substance groups,principal component analysis,linear discriminant analysis,and hierarchical cluster analysis in conjunction with supervised support vector machine are employed to classify and predict production areas based on the detection of volatile organic compounds by E-nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Expanding BAMLOC to Codonopsis Radix enables the identification of polyacetylenes and pyrrolidine alkaloids as the bioactive substance group for immune restoration effect and accurately determines the origins of plants.This study advances the toolbox for the discovery of bioactive compounds from complex mixtures and lays a more definitive foundation for the in-depth utilization of botanical materials.展开更多
The Palu segment,situated in the northeastern part of the East Anatolian Fault System(EAFS),is a crucial structural feature with notable seismic potential.This study examines the paleoseismic activity of the Palu segm...The Palu segment,situated in the northeastern part of the East Anatolian Fault System(EAFS),is a crucial structural feature with notable seismic potential.This study examines the paleoseismic activity of the Palu segment through trench excavations and geochronological analyses utilizing Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)and radiocarbon(14C)dating methods.Two trenches,located near Karşıbahçeler,exposed evidence of multiple surface-rupturing seismic events spanning the Holocene and Pleistocene epochs.Chronological analyses identified five distinct seismic events in trench 1(P1),dated between 94.09±6.07 ka and 0.84±0.45 ka,and three events in trench 2(P2),dated between 28.83±1.61 ka and 351±21 BP.Bayesian analysis using Oxcal distribution suggested event timings between 90.52±25.99 ka and 1.25±0.55 ka.Comparative analysis with historical earthquake records correlates the most recent event with the 1789 or 1874 AD earthquakes,while the penultimate event matches the 995 AD earthquake.Earlier events reflect prehistoric tectonic activity.The recurrence intervals for these events range from 710 to 5,370 years during the Holocene,with evidence of seismic activity extending into the Pleistocene.Stress inversion analyses and geodetic data indicate a predominantly strike-slip stress regime,consistent with geometry of the fault.These findings provide critical insights into the long-term seismic behavior and recurrence patterns of the Palu segment,enhancing seismic hazard assessments for the region.展开更多
The objective of this research was to enhance the stability and consistency of seed distribution during carrot planting.The impact of the seed guide tube’s structure on seeding quality was examined,leading to the des...The objective of this research was to enhance the stability and consistency of seed distribution during carrot planting.The impact of the seed guide tube’s structure on seeding quality was examined,leading to the design of a cycloidal seed guide system augmented by positive pressure airflow.By conducting kinematic modeling of the collision position of the seeds within the seed guiding system,as well as considering the seed guiding process and the seed drop position,the significant parameters influencing the final velocity of the seeds were determined.Employing a coupled Discrete Element Method-Computational Fluid Dynamics(DEM-CFD)simulation,the effects of different structural and operating parameters of the seed guide tube on the seed trajectory and airflow field were analyzed.A three-factor five-level orthogonal test was then utilized to examine the influence of each factor on each index,with the optimal conditions identified as an inlet airflow velocity of 0.077 m/s,a 45°tilt angle for the airflow branch tube,and a seed initial velocity of 0.1 m/s.Under these parameters,the qualification index was recorded as 94.1%,with a coefficient of variation of 3.2%.Bench testing conducted under the same conditions showed a decrease of 0.07%in the qualification index,and an increase of 1.875%in the coefficient of variation,with errors relative to the simulation results within acceptable bounds.These findings enhance the stability and reliability of the seed guiding system during carrot sowing operations,aligning with the demands of precision sowing.展开更多
基金Suppotred by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-3-004A-2).
文摘AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52441411,52325402 and 52274057Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project under Grant 2024ZD1004302-04the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2023YFB4104200.
文摘This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system,providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,based on field-measured parameters related to a representative case(a shale gas platform located in Sichuan,China)are conducted to analyze the flow characteristics of specific fittings and manifolds,and to quantify fitting resistance coefficients and manifold inlet interference.The resulting coefficients are integrated into a full-station gathering network model in PipeSim,which,combined with production data,enables evaluation of pressure losses and identification of equivalent pipeline blockages.The results indicate that the resistance coefficients,valid only for fittings under the studied field-specific geometries,are 0.21 for 90◦elbows in the fully open position,0.16 for gate valve passages in the fully open position,and 2.3 for globe valve passages.Manifold interference decreases with lower high-pressure inlet values,whereas inlets farther from the high-pressure side experience stronger disturbances.Interestingly,significant discrepancies between simulated and measured pressure drops reveal partial blockages,corresponding to effective diameter reductions of 65 mm,38 mm,44 mm,38 mm,and 28 mm for Wells 1#,3#,5#,and 6#,respectively.
文摘Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from seismic networks,satellite observations,and geospatial repositories,creating the need for scalable infrastructures capable of integrating and analyzing such data to support intelligent decision-making.Data warehousing technologies provide a robust foundation for this purpose;however,existing earthquake-oriented data warehouses remain limited,often relying on simplified schemas,domain-specific analytics,or cataloguing efforts.This paper presents the design and implementation of a spatio-temporal data warehouse for seismic activity.The framework integrates spatial and temporal dimensions in a unified schema and introduces a novel array-based approach for managing many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions without intermediate bridge tables.A comparative evaluation against a conventional bridge-table schema demonstrates that the array-based design improves fact-centric query performance,while the bridge-table schema remains advantageous for dimension-centric queries.To reconcile these trade-offs,a hybrid schema is proposed that retains both representations,ensuring balanced efficiency across heterogeneous workloads.The proposed framework demonstrates how spatio-temporal data warehousing can address schema complexity,improve query performance,and support multidimensional visualization.In doing so,it provides a foundation for integrating seismic analysis into broader big data-driven intelligent decision systems for disaster resilience,risk mitigation,and emergency management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62473344,92471204)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.2025JC-YBQN035)Ministry of Education's Industry School Cooperation Collaborative Education Project(Grant No.240704701190619)。
文摘This paper proposes an augmented reduced-order active disturbance rejection control(ARADRC)to address the control challenges in nonlinear systems with unknown disturbances.An augmented reduced-order extended state observer(ARESO)is constructed to estimate the unmeasured states,the total disturbance,and its derivatives.Compared to conventional ESOs,the proposed ARESO can enhance the estimation performance by actively estimating the derivatives of the total disturbance.In the time domain,by an inductive decoupling-based bound analysis method,this paper rigorously investigates the closed-loop transient performance without the prior assumption on the boundedness of derivatives of nonlinear uncertainties.In the frequency domain,a comparative analysis demonstrates the superiority of ARADRC in both disturbance estimation and rejection.Finally,the magnetic levitation experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2025QC30)。
文摘We investigate the alpha helical protein structure characterized by fourth-order interspine coupling,focusing on a three-coupled fourth-order nonlinear Schr??dinger system.We introduce a generalized Darboux transformation,departing from the classical Darboux transformation.Based on this,we construct the two-and three-degenerate soliton solutions and four-degenerate asymptotic soliton solutions.Based on the asymptotic analysis,we find that the amplitudes of interacting solitons are retained upon the interactions.Elastic interactions between two degenerate solitons exhibiting four curve-type asymptotic solitons are depicted.When the lattice parameterβchanges,the velocities of the two degenerate solitons also change.Elastic interaction among three degenerate solitons comprising four curve-type asymptotic solitons and two line-type solitons is presented.Interaction among one soliton and two degenerate solitons with different velocities is shown.Elastic interaction among four degenerate solitons comprising eight curve-type asymptotic solitons is also presented.Interaction among two two-degenerate solitons with two spectral parameters is shown.The relative distance between two asymptotic solitons exhibits logarithmic growth with|t|,where t represents the retarded time.Acceleration of soliton separation decays exponentially with relative distance,and eventually approaches zero.Phase shifts depend on t.
文摘Traditional approaches to teaching the power system analysis course face challenges such as abstract and difficult-to-understand content,single teaching method,and limited practical links.In response,this paper explores in depth the significance and strategies of applying AI technology in the teaching of the course.The aim is to enhance students’ability to understand and apply knowledge,and to cultivate well-qualified technical professionals who can adapt to the intelligent development needs of the power industry.The proposed strategies include building an intelligent learning diagnosis platform,providing personalized learning guidance,developing an AI-integrated curriculum system,fostering a“dual-qualified and interdisciplinary”teaching team,and establishing a diversified assessment and evaluation system.
基金“High precision prestack reverse time depth migration imaging of long array seismic data in the East China Sea Shelf Basin”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106207)“Seismic acquisition technology for deep strata under strong shielding layers in the sea and rugged seabed”of Laoshan Laboratory Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.LSKJ202203404)“Research on the compensation methods of the middledeep weak seismic reflections in the South Yellow Sea based on multi-resolution HHT time-frequency analysis”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106208).
文摘The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine carbonate rock strata are directly covered by the Cenozoic terrestrial clastic rock strata,which form a strong shielding layer.To obtain the reflection signals of the strata below the strong shielding layer,a one-way wave equation bidirectional illumination analysis of the main observation system parameters was conducted by analyzing the mechanism of the strong shielding layer.Low-frequency seismic sources are assumed to have a high illumination intensity on the reflection layer below the strong shielding layer.Accordingly,optimized acquisition parameter suggestions were proposed,and reacquisition was performed at the existing survey line locations in the Laoshan Uplift area.The imaging of the newly acquired data in the middle and deep layers was drastically improved.It revealed the unconformity between the Sinian and Cambrian under the strong shielding layer.The study yielded new insights into the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Lower Paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea.
文摘Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.
文摘Dear Editor,We read with a great interest the recently published systematic review by Shamsikhani and Hosseini titled,“Foot reflexology on nausea and vomiting:A systematic review.”[1]While the authors provided a comprehensive qualitative synthesis of six studies meeting their inclusion criteria,we believe that additional quantitative analysis would strengthen the evidence base for foot reflexology in managing nausea and vomiting.We conducted a complementary meta-analysis to provide quantitative evidence supporting the qualitative findings presented in the systematic review.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275061)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(No.KYCX24_0562)。
文摘The ballistic impact identification method for the helicopter Tail Drive Shaft System(TDSS)isn't yet comprehensive,which affects helicopter flight safety.This paper proposes a ballistic impact identification method for the TDSS based on vibration response analysis.Based on the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criteria,the ballistic impact finite element simulation model is established,which is verified by the ballistic impact experiment of the Tail Drive Shaft(TDS).Considering the ballistic impact excitation force,the dynamic model of the TDSS with ballistic impact is established,which is verified by finite element commercial software.If a bullet hits the TDS,the bending vibration displacement increases sharply at a certain moment and then significantly increases but remains stable.Meanwhile,the critical speed component appears in the frequency-domain response of bending vibration,and then the speed component significantly increases but remains stable.What's more,the axis trajectory exhibits a sudden,large-scale,and irregular whirling motion at a certain moment,followed by a significant increase but remains stable.Furthermore,if the axial vibration response is small,the bullet core shooting should be considered vertically or at a small incident angle,otherwise,it should be considered at a large incident angle.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374321)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3713602)the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Jianlong Group-University of Science and Technology Beijing(No.20231235).
文摘Slag viscosity plays a crucial role in the smelting process.A slag viscosity prediction model was developed by integrating hyperparameter optimization algorithms,machine learning,and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)analysis.The developed slag viscosity prediction models were evaluated using multiple statistical metrics,leading to the identification of the optimal model—Bayesian optimization-based categorical boosting(BO-CatBoost).And this model was further compared with existing models,including NPL model,FactSage+Roscoe-Einstein(RE)equation,artificial neural network model+RE equation,Riboud model+RE equation,and Zhang model.The results indicate that the slag viscosity prediction model based on BO-CatBoost outperforms all other models,achieving a coefficient of determination of 0.9897,a root mean square error of 1.0619,a mean absolute error of 0.6133,and a hit ratio of 95.1%.The global interpretability analysis of SHAP analysis was used to reveal the importance degree of different features on slag viscosity.The local interpretability analysis of SHAP analysis was used to obtain the quantitative influence of different features on slag viscosity in specific samples.The high-accuracy and interpretable slag viscosity prediction model developed is beneficial to the intelligent design of slag composition.
基金National Key Research and Development Program for Young scientists,Grant/Award Number:2021YFF0703200National Natural Foundation Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development,Grant/Award Number:U21A20194+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32170540National Key Research and Development Program,Grant/Award Number:2022YFF0711005。
文摘Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments,and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research.However,at present,there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic quality of Chinese hamsters.Here,we developed a novel Chinese hamster genetic quality detection system using single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers.To find SNP loci,we conducted whole genome sequencing on 24 Chinese hamsters.Then,we employed an SNP locus screening criterion that we set up previously and initially screened 214 SNP loci with wide genome distribution and high polymorphism level.Subsequently,we developed the SNP detection system using a multitarget region capture technique based on second-generation sequencing,and a 55 SNP panel for genetic evaluation of Chinese hamster populations was developed.PopGen.32.analysis results showed that the average effective allele number,Shannon index,observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity,average heterozygosity,polymorphism information,and other genetic parameters of Chinese hamster population A were higher than those in population B.Using scientific screening and optimization,we successfully developed a novel Chinese hamster SNP genetic detection system that can efficiently and accurately analyze the genetic quality of the Chinese hamster population.
基金supported by non-APBN UM 2024,Indonesia,with contract number 5.4.111/UN32.14.1/LT/2024.
文摘This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo,utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation levels.This research analyses the optimal combination of solar panels and battery capacity in 11 cities in Kalimantan using particle swarm optimization(PSO)and grey wolf optimization(GWO)algorithms to maximize energy output,reduce levelised energy costs,and maximally reduce carbon emissions.Results show Tara-kan as the most optimal location,generating 215,804.88 kWh for IDR 916.9/kWh and lowering emissions by 435,884.29 kgCO_(2)e,while Samarinda is the least optimal location.Economically,electricity tariffs of IDR 2,466.78/kWh and IDR 2,000/kWh generate a positive Net Present Value(NPV)with a payback period(PP)of 9-12 years,while a tariffof IDR 1,500/kWh is considered unfavorable.Thefindings demonstrate the effectiveness of PSO and GWO in optimizing the renewable energy system and confirm the project’sfinancial viability,with a positive NPV and reasonable PP.Implementing renewable energy systems in Kalimantan Island can improve energy effi-ciency and significantly reduce carbon emissions,supporting environmental sustainability goals.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金Supported by Hospital-level Project of Shiyan Taihe Hospital(2019JJXM117).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection of nerve growth factors combined with task-oriented training for patients with post-stroke hemiplegic gait,and quantitatively evaluate the outcomes using the Gait Watch analysis system.[Methods]A total of 90 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia,who were hospitalized at the Rehabilitation Center of Taihe Hospital between January 2023 and December 2023,were selected for this study.The participants were randomly assigned to three groups:the task-oriented rehabilitation training group(control group I,n=30),the ordinary acupuncture combined with task-oriented training group(control group II,n=30),and the acupoint injection combined with task-oriented training group(observation group,n=30).Each group underwent treatment for 4 weeks.The Gait Watch analysis system was employed to assess the spatiotemporal gait parameters of the patients prior to treatment,as well as 2 weeks post treatment and 4 weeks post treatment.The efficacy of the treatment was subsequently analyzed.[Results]After 4 weeks of treatment,the spatiotemporal gait parameters,specifically step length,step speed,step frequency,percentage of the standing phase,and percentage of the swinging phase,exhibited significant improvement in the observation group compared to those before treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore,the degree of improvement in the observation group was superior to that observed in both control group I and control group II,with the differences reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Acupoint injection combined with task-oriented training has been shown to significantly enhance gait function in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.The Gait Watch analysis system offers an accurate and objective quantitative assessment,making it a valuable tool for clinical application and promotion.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62305392 and 62305123)Independent Research and Development Project of Naval Engineering University (No.2023504050)the Nursery Plan Project of Navel University of Engineering (2022)。
文摘Optimization and simplification of optical systems represent a milestone in advancing the development of handheld and portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)systems towards smaller,more integrated forms.This research,for the first time,conducted a comprehensive optimization design and comparative analysis of three compact LIBS system optical paths:the paraxial optical path(OP),the off-axis OP,and the reflective OP.The differences in spectral intensity and stability among these paths were revealed,providing a scientific basis for selecting the optimal OP for LIBS systems.The research found that the paraxial OP excels in spectral performance and quantitative analysis accuracy,making it the preferred choice for compact LIBS systems.Specifically,the paraxial OP significantly enhances spectral intensity,achieving a 6 times improvement over the off-axis OP and an even more remarkable 150 times increase compared to the reflective OP,greatly enhancing detection sensitivity.Additionally,the relative standard deviation,spectral stability index,maintains a consistently low level,ranging from 10.9%to 13.4%,significantly outperforming the other two OPs and ensuring the reliability of analytical results.In the field of quantitative analysis,the paraxial OP also demonstrates higher accuracy,precision,and sensitivity,comparing to other OPs.The quantitative analysis models for Si,Cu,and Ti elements exhibit excellent fitting,providing users with high-quality quantitative analysis results that are of great significance for applications in material science,environmental monitoring,industrial inspection,and other fields.In summary,this study not only confirms the enormous application potential of the paraxial OP in compact LIBS systems but also provides valuable practical experience and theoretical support for the miniaturization and integration of LIBS systems.Looking ahead,with continuous technological advancements,the design of the paraxial OP is expected to further propel the widespread adoption of LIBS technology in portable,on-site detection applications.
基金the Project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.:2022YFC3501802)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82204614)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Basic Public Welfare Research Program(Program No.:LTGC24H280002)Xiao Li and Prof.Tianxiang Li(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)for collecting and identifying all the CR samplesYingniang Li from the Core Facilities,Zhejiang University School of Medicine for their technical support.
文摘In general,bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of bioactive constituents from botanical materials frequently ended up with the reward of a single compound.However,botanical materials typically exert their therapeutic actions through multi-pathway effects due to the intrinsic complex nature of chemical constituents.In addition,the content of bioactive compounds in botanical materials is largely dependent on humidity,temperature,soil,especially geographical origins,from which rapid and accurate identification of plant materials is pressingly needed.These long-standing obstacles collectively impede the deep exploi-tation and application of these versatile natural sources.To address the challenges,a new paradigm inte-grating biogravimetric analyses and machine learning-driven origin classification(BAMLOC)was developed.The biogravimetric analyses are based on absolute qHNMR quantification and in vivo zebrafish model-assisted activity index calculation,by which bioactive substance groups jointly responsible for the bioactivities in all fractions are pinpointed before any isolation effort.To differentiate origin-different botanical materials varying in the content of bioactive substance groups,principal component analysis,linear discriminant analysis,and hierarchical cluster analysis in conjunction with supervised support vector machine are employed to classify and predict production areas based on the detection of volatile organic compounds by E-nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Expanding BAMLOC to Codonopsis Radix enables the identification of polyacetylenes and pyrrolidine alkaloids as the bioactive substance group for immune restoration effect and accurately determines the origins of plants.This study advances the toolbox for the discovery of bioactive compounds from complex mixtures and lays a more definitive foundation for the in-depth utilization of botanical materials.
基金partially supported by the Fırat University Scientific Research Project in Elazığ,Türkiye,under Project Number ADEP.23.12.
文摘The Palu segment,situated in the northeastern part of the East Anatolian Fault System(EAFS),is a crucial structural feature with notable seismic potential.This study examines the paleoseismic activity of the Palu segment through trench excavations and geochronological analyses utilizing Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)and radiocarbon(14C)dating methods.Two trenches,located near Karşıbahçeler,exposed evidence of multiple surface-rupturing seismic events spanning the Holocene and Pleistocene epochs.Chronological analyses identified five distinct seismic events in trench 1(P1),dated between 94.09±6.07 ka and 0.84±0.45 ka,and three events in trench 2(P2),dated between 28.83±1.61 ka and 351±21 BP.Bayesian analysis using Oxcal distribution suggested event timings between 90.52±25.99 ka and 1.25±0.55 ka.Comparative analysis with historical earthquake records correlates the most recent event with the 1789 or 1874 AD earthquakes,while the penultimate event matches the 995 AD earthquake.Earlier events reflect prehistoric tectonic activity.The recurrence intervals for these events range from 710 to 5,370 years during the Holocene,with evidence of seismic activity extending into the Pleistocene.Stress inversion analyses and geodetic data indicate a predominantly strike-slip stress regime,consistent with geometry of the fault.These findings provide critical insights into the long-term seismic behavior and recurrence patterns of the Palu segment,enhancing seismic hazard assessments for the region.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275258)Taishan Scholar Youth Expert Project(Grant No.tsqn202306243)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR202111230084).
文摘The objective of this research was to enhance the stability and consistency of seed distribution during carrot planting.The impact of the seed guide tube’s structure on seeding quality was examined,leading to the design of a cycloidal seed guide system augmented by positive pressure airflow.By conducting kinematic modeling of the collision position of the seeds within the seed guiding system,as well as considering the seed guiding process and the seed drop position,the significant parameters influencing the final velocity of the seeds were determined.Employing a coupled Discrete Element Method-Computational Fluid Dynamics(DEM-CFD)simulation,the effects of different structural and operating parameters of the seed guide tube on the seed trajectory and airflow field were analyzed.A three-factor five-level orthogonal test was then utilized to examine the influence of each factor on each index,with the optimal conditions identified as an inlet airflow velocity of 0.077 m/s,a 45°tilt angle for the airflow branch tube,and a seed initial velocity of 0.1 m/s.Under these parameters,the qualification index was recorded as 94.1%,with a coefficient of variation of 3.2%.Bench testing conducted under the same conditions showed a decrease of 0.07%in the qualification index,and an increase of 1.875%in the coefficient of variation,with errors relative to the simulation results within acceptable bounds.These findings enhance the stability and reliability of the seed guiding system during carrot sowing operations,aligning with the demands of precision sowing.
