By analysing problems in the traditional design theory of digital circuits it is proposed that both switching variable and signal variable should be adopted for describing the switching state of internal elements and ...By analysing problems in the traditional design theory of digital circuits it is proposed that both switching variable and signal variable should be adopted for describing the switching state of internal elements and signal in digital circuits respectively.Based on the above viewpoint the switch-signal theory is established.According to the working principle in CMOS circuits,the related design technique at switch level is developed.By using the practical design examples it is shown that the circuits designed at switch level have simpler structures than their counterparts designed at the traditional gate level since the switch transistors are used as construction units in designs.展开更多
边缘骨吸收(marginal bone loss,MBL)是衡量种植修复成功率与种植体颈部设计优劣的重要指标,牙种植体颈部处于种植体、基台、边缘骨、软组织四者交界的特殊区域,其外形、结构、材料、表面处理等对种植体的长期稳定性和维持边缘骨水平起...边缘骨吸收(marginal bone loss,MBL)是衡量种植修复成功率与种植体颈部设计优劣的重要指标,牙种植体颈部处于种植体、基台、边缘骨、软组织四者交界的特殊区域,其外形、结构、材料、表面处理等对种植体的长期稳定性和维持边缘骨水平起着至关重要的作用。颈部设计的目的是减少种植体周围骨组织所受应力、利于形成稳定的软组织封闭,从而减少边缘骨吸收,提升种植修复的长期功能性、稳定性及美观性。本文分别对软组织水平(tissue level,TL)种植体与骨水平(bone level,BL)种植体颈部设计的特点及其对边缘骨吸收的影响进行综述,为临床上选择不同颈部设计的种植体类型提供参考。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘By analysing problems in the traditional design theory of digital circuits it is proposed that both switching variable and signal variable should be adopted for describing the switching state of internal elements and signal in digital circuits respectively.Based on the above viewpoint the switch-signal theory is established.According to the working principle in CMOS circuits,the related design technique at switch level is developed.By using the practical design examples it is shown that the circuits designed at switch level have simpler structures than their counterparts designed at the traditional gate level since the switch transistors are used as construction units in designs.
文摘边缘骨吸收(marginal bone loss,MBL)是衡量种植修复成功率与种植体颈部设计优劣的重要指标,牙种植体颈部处于种植体、基台、边缘骨、软组织四者交界的特殊区域,其外形、结构、材料、表面处理等对种植体的长期稳定性和维持边缘骨水平起着至关重要的作用。颈部设计的目的是减少种植体周围骨组织所受应力、利于形成稳定的软组织封闭,从而减少边缘骨吸收,提升种植修复的长期功能性、稳定性及美观性。本文分别对软组织水平(tissue level,TL)种植体与骨水平(bone level,BL)种植体颈部设计的特点及其对边缘骨吸收的影响进行综述,为临床上选择不同颈部设计的种植体类型提供参考。
