Rural communities in developing countries often struggle with resource dependency,economic challenges,and poor infrastructure,and villages in Uttarakhand,India,are no exception.This study aims to examine the socioecon...Rural communities in developing countries often struggle with resource dependency,economic challenges,and poor infrastructure,and villages in Uttarakhand,India,are no exception.This study aims to examine the socioeconomic factors influencing forest conservation,assess livelihood dependency on forest resources,and evaluate how socioeconomic status shapes sustainable forest management in Shishambara and Buddhi villages in Dehradun.The study employed purposive and random sampling covering 10%of households,using structured surveys,interviews,field observations,market surveys,and focus group discussions.The survey reveals an agriculture-dominated livelihood,engaging 60%in Buddhi and 65%in Shishambara,alongside private-sector jobs and daily wage labour.Literacy rates differ significantly,with Buddhi at 72%and Shishambara at 58%.Despite accessibility to LPG connections,traditional cooking fuels like fuelwood and cow dung remain predominant,utilized by 70%of households in Buddhi and 75%in Shishambara.Most homes are Pakka,yet only 18.8%in Buddhi and 22%in Shishambara have toilets.Public transport is scarce,leaving villagers reliant on private vehicles.These findings underscore the need for policies that address resource management,improve basic services,and support sustainable development,offering a road map for uplifting rural livelihoods and bridging infrastructure gaps.展开更多
The effect of hazard was determined by the dangerous degree of hazard factor—environment and the vulnerable degree of sustaining body. The research into the latter is of importance for the hazard theory and the forma...The effect of hazard was determined by the dangerous degree of hazard factor—environment and the vulnerable degree of sustaining body. The research into the latter is of importance for the hazard theory and the formation of laws on the mitigation of natural hazards. The way to evaluate the vulnerable degree is the foundation of and the key to the research. In this paper, the extenics model is established to do this job.展开更多
Seven reinforced concrete （ RC ） beams strengthened in flexure using carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） sheets subjected to different sustaining loads were tested. The effects of initial load and load history ...Seven reinforced concrete （ RC ） beams strengthened in flexure using carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） sheets subjected to different sustaining loads were tested. The effects of initial load and load history on the ultimate strength of strengthened RC beams were examined by externally bonded CFRP sheets. The main experimental parameters included different levels of sustaining load at the time of strengthening, and load history. Experimental results show that sustaining load levels at the time of strengthening have important influences on the ultimate strength of strengthened RC beams. If the initial load is the same, the ultimate strength of RC beams strengthened with CFRP sheets is almost the same regardless of load history at the time of strengthening.展开更多
With the aim of drawing valuable lessons for the management and planning of similar business transformation initiatives, this paper critically evaluates a change project at an organization in South Africa, from three ...With the aim of drawing valuable lessons for the management and planning of similar business transformation initiatives, this paper critically evaluates a change project at an organization in South Africa, from three inter-woven dimensions： creating the climate for change, engaging and enabling the organization, and sustaining change. Firstly, a key achievement demonstrates that attempts to create a conducive climate for change should recognize that the unit of change in any organization is, ultimately, the individual. Levers for such initiatives should navigate the macro-organizational change narrative and translate change generalities into specific individual actions and behaviors. Secondly, learning from an implementation gap, similar efforts would gain better traction in engagement and empowerment by leveraging on an influential cross-functional team made up of enthusiastic supporters of the required change, to foster ownership and to embrace change across the organization. Key characteristics that should be represented on the team include leadership skills, expertise, credibility, effective communication, and a sense of urgency. Thirdly, in terms of sustaining change, twin lessons surge to the fore. On a positive note, by progressing its values-set into an annual staff award, there is a pointer to the potential of innovatively encouraging and rewarding employees to live the value qualities. And, on the flip side, a need is underscore of the critical role of seamless executive leadership, providing ongoing co-creating windows for instilling positive attitudes and creating synergies among related strategic initiatives.展开更多
In the current scenario of rapid expansion of higher education, it becomesimperative to study the dynamic factors underlying quality education,student motivation and learning outcomes. Most of the literature available...In the current scenario of rapid expansion of higher education, it becomesimperative to study the dynamic factors underlying quality education,student motivation and learning outcomes. Most of the literature availableas on date are predominantly based on western studies, where theindividual’s personal achievement, autonomy, control, power are consideredto be most important. But these western models often influenced by theirindividualistic philosophy and cultural values are quite inapplicable forpluralistic Indian society, where we believe in collaboration and teamwork.Rare attempts have been made to develop an indigenous model to measurethese attributes in our society. The present study is first of its kind to assessthe salient and non-salient needs of technical students pursuing their studiesin India. Authors have identified measures of the students’ engagement invarious academic, co-curricular activities and their performance outcomes.A sample of Four-hundred and Sixty-five (N=465) engineering/sciencestudents were collected through purposive sampling exclusively from IITKharagpur , a premier technical institute in eastern India where studentsacross the country got selected and joined on merit basis, through thenational level joint entrance examination for Engineering and Science, thetoughest examination in the country, known as IIT-JEE. Career implicationsare discussed in light of the major findings.展开更多
There are rich natural resources of natural mineral drugs in eastern Jilin Province. Systematic resource investigation can elevate fractional conversion of this area' s mineral drugs resources superiority. Researc...There are rich natural resources of natural mineral drugs in eastern Jilin Province. Systematic resource investigation can elevate fractional conversion of this area' s mineral drugs resources superiority. Research on natural mineral drugs of this area can upgrade the translation rate of resource superiority and accelerate the development of local medical industry, especially, it can provide scientific data for founding the strategic design of Chinese traditional medicine's trademark of Jilin Changbai Mountain. Since the resource of mineral drugs can not be regenerated, it must be exploited scientifically, utilized reasonably and protected effectively its sustaining application.展开更多
When Li Weiping boarded the flight from New York to Beijing in April, it heralded her independence. The 75 year-old Chinese had stayed in the United States for two years after her husband died.
Growth of older population in United States requires multi-generational evaluation to characterize health measures for sustaining workability. Investigation of measures that working population would need and use with ...Growth of older population in United States requires multi-generational evaluation to characterize health measures for sustaining workability. Investigation of measures that working population would need and use with their work-life in an attempt to stay healthy and fit, could potentially reveal significant association that could extend workability and enhance work productivity such as performance, presenteeism, job satisfaction. Evaluation with selective longitudinal health profiling;employment prerequisites;socio-economic and psychological scales could characterize health measures significantly associated with work sustainability. Such health measures could potentially be employed by US working population early in their life and occupation to sustain and improve workability in their later epoch.展开更多
The research aims to propose a proper model for organizing a creative wedding event to boost Community-Based Eco-Tourism(CBET)in rural areas.It is participatory research.Site observation and in-depth interviews are 10...The research aims to propose a proper model for organizing a creative wedding event to boost Community-Based Eco-Tourism(CBET)in rural areas.It is participatory research.Site observation and in-depth interviews are 10 stakeholders from various organization;local people,the district sheriff,the provincial culture,the national park,the district municipality,the community-based tourism group,the wedding organizers and the educators from a wedding event in themed“Carry Love Covering the Forest”organized in Wiang Sa,Suratthani,the southern part of Thailand were applied.Thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data.The results found that the managing model for organizing an event tourism in Community-Based Eco-Tourism composes of three stages being pre-event,during-event,and after-event.The research provides a comprehensive understanding management model of CBET.The research makes contribution to develop and manage a new creative event to enhance positive impacts of community-based tourism to sustain,especially in eco-tourism destination.展开更多
1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconn...1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconnected social,economic,and environmental targets.展开更多
First held in 1947,Hannover Messe is among the worlde's most influential industrial technology exhibitions.The 2025 fair,themed"Empowering Sustainable Development of Industry",will focus on AI and energy...First held in 1947,Hannover Messe is among the worlde's most influential industrial technology exhibitions.The 2025 fair,themed"Empowering Sustainable Development of Industry",will focus on AI and energy transition,highlighting the role of technological innovation in sustainable industrial development.展开更多
Aims and scope GeoSus encourages wider analysis and innovative thinking about global and regional sustainability by bridging and synthesising natural and human sciences.GeoSus welcomes original,high-quality research a...Aims and scope GeoSus encourages wider analysis and innovative thinking about global and regional sustainability by bridging and synthesising natural and human sciences.GeoSus welcomes original,high-quality research articles,review articles,short communications,technical comments,perspective articles and editorials on the following themes.展开更多
Discussions on Chinese modernization are offering African countries both conceptual inspiration and practical references as they explore their own sustainable development paths.
The Royal Tropical Institute(KIT)in Amsterdam is an independent centre of knowledge and expertise in the areas of international and intercultural cooperation,operating at the interface between theory and practice and ...The Royal Tropical Institute(KIT)in Amsterdam is an independent centre of knowledge and expertise in the areas of international and intercultural cooperation,operating at the interface between theory and practice and between policy and implementation.The Institute contributes to sustainable development,poverty alleviation and cultural preservation and exchange.展开更多
Effective groundwater management is crucial for economic sustainable development,particularly as climate change and population growth increase the uncertainty of aquifer dynamics.Due to limited geological data,Punjab&...Effective groundwater management is crucial for economic sustainable development,particularly as climate change and population growth increase the uncertainty of aquifer dynamics.Due to limited geological data,Punjab's complex hydrogeological conditions and Quaternary alluvial deposits present significant challenges for groundwater management.This study employs cost-effective numerical techniques as alternatives to traditional methods to safeguard groundwater quality,quantity,and accessibility.It introduces an edit-embedded transition frequency model that integrates regional datasets and utilizes algorithms such as GAMEAS,MCMOD,and TSIM to evaluate aquifer heterogeneity and simulate spatial variations using one-dimensional and three-dimensional Markov chains.Findings show that sand exhibits the highest self-transition(33.112 m),indicating strong stability,followed by silt,clay,and gravel,suggesting overall hydrofacies stability both horizontally and vertically.The model's predictions are largely consistent with actual material distribution,with a slight under-prediction of clay(-0.750%)and an over-prediction of sand(2.985%),which accounts for 58.77%of the aquifer material.It also highlights significant heterogeneity in the northern mountainous regions and minor variations in the south.The study emphasizes Punjab's severe water crisis,with groundwater reserves of 3502.3 BCM,declining water levels(0.38–33.62 m),and low hydraulic conductivity,urging government action on rainwater harvesting and sustainable groundwater management policies.展开更多
Introduction:From rules to participation Today,standardization is no longer just about unifying technical terms or setting measurements.It has become a strategic tool to build trust,strengthen competitiveness,and driv...Introduction:From rules to participation Today,standardization is no longer just about unifying technical terms or setting measurements.It has become a strategic tool to build trust,strengthen competitiveness,and drive sustainable economic growth.As industries grow more complex and new technologies and regulations emerge,it is more important than ever to involve all key players:manufacturers,suppliers,consumers,academics,and regulators.Their shared knowledge and input help shape the standards and policies that guide markets,protect consumers,and ensure product quality and safety.展开更多
China provides a compelling reference for how governments can promote global climate governance and sustainable innovative development.SENIOR government officials,technical experts,and policy researchers from 14 devel...China provides a compelling reference for how governments can promote global climate governance and sustainable innovative development.SENIOR government officials,technical experts,and policy researchers from 14 developing countries in Asia,Africa,Latin America,and Pacific Island countries gathered at Tsinghua University(THU),Beijing,on September 1-13,2025 for in-depth study and exchange on“climate finance and low-carbon transformation.”展开更多
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to ...The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to more than 30% of the world's population,predominantly in developing countries where per capita farmland and food supply are only 40% of those in developed nations(FAO 2018).Meeting the Zero Hunger target amid ongoing population growth in these regions requires a substantial increase in agricultural production while minimizing soil degradation and adverse ecological impacts.This challenge is shared by many countries across South Asia,Africa,and Central and South America.展开更多
Concrete production often relies on natural aggregates,which can lead to resource depletion and environmental harm.In addition,improper disposal of thermoplastic waste exacerbates ecological problems.Although signific...Concrete production often relies on natural aggregates,which can lead to resource depletion and environmental harm.In addition,improper disposal of thermoplastic waste exacerbates ecological problems.Although significant attention has recently been given to recycling various waste materials into concrete,studies specifically addressing thermoplastic recycled aggregates are still trending.This underscores the need to comprehensively review existing literature,identify research trends,and recognize gaps in understanding the mechanical performance of thermoplastic-based recycled aggregate concrete.Accordingly,this review summarizes recent investigations focused on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic-based recycled aggregate concrete,emphasizing aspects such as compressive strength,tensile behavior,modulus of elasticity,and durability characteristics.The primary aim is to consolidate scattered research findings,identify key parameters influencing mechanical behavior,and propose future research directions.Understanding the influence of recycled thermoplastic aggregates on concrete performance significantly supports sustainable construction practices by reducing dependency on virgin aggregates and mitigating environmental impacts associated with waste disposal.In addition,assessing mechanical performance contributes to confidence in the practical application,encouraging the broader adoption of thermoplastic-based recycled aggregate concrete in construction projects.Through this critical synthesis,the review guides researchers and industry practitioners toward informed decisions on the feasibility and reliability of integrating thermoplastic waste into concrete,thereby promoting sustainable infrastructure development.展开更多
文摘Rural communities in developing countries often struggle with resource dependency,economic challenges,and poor infrastructure,and villages in Uttarakhand,India,are no exception.This study aims to examine the socioeconomic factors influencing forest conservation,assess livelihood dependency on forest resources,and evaluate how socioeconomic status shapes sustainable forest management in Shishambara and Buddhi villages in Dehradun.The study employed purposive and random sampling covering 10%of households,using structured surveys,interviews,field observations,market surveys,and focus group discussions.The survey reveals an agriculture-dominated livelihood,engaging 60%in Buddhi and 65%in Shishambara,alongside private-sector jobs and daily wage labour.Literacy rates differ significantly,with Buddhi at 72%and Shishambara at 58%.Despite accessibility to LPG connections,traditional cooking fuels like fuelwood and cow dung remain predominant,utilized by 70%of households in Buddhi and 75%in Shishambara.Most homes are Pakka,yet only 18.8%in Buddhi and 22%in Shishambara have toilets.Public transport is scarce,leaving villagers reliant on private vehicles.These findings underscore the need for policies that address resource management,improve basic services,and support sustainable development,offering a road map for uplifting rural livelihoods and bridging infrastructure gaps.
文摘The effect of hazard was determined by the dangerous degree of hazard factor—environment and the vulnerable degree of sustaining body. The research into the latter is of importance for the hazard theory and the formation of laws on the mitigation of natural hazards. The way to evaluate the vulnerable degree is the foundation of and the key to the research. In this paper, the extenics model is established to do this job.
文摘Seven reinforced concrete （ RC ） beams strengthened in flexure using carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） sheets subjected to different sustaining loads were tested. The effects of initial load and load history on the ultimate strength of strengthened RC beams were examined by externally bonded CFRP sheets. The main experimental parameters included different levels of sustaining load at the time of strengthening, and load history. Experimental results show that sustaining load levels at the time of strengthening have important influences on the ultimate strength of strengthened RC beams. If the initial load is the same, the ultimate strength of RC beams strengthened with CFRP sheets is almost the same regardless of load history at the time of strengthening.
文摘With the aim of drawing valuable lessons for the management and planning of similar business transformation initiatives, this paper critically evaluates a change project at an organization in South Africa, from three inter-woven dimensions： creating the climate for change, engaging and enabling the organization, and sustaining change. Firstly, a key achievement demonstrates that attempts to create a conducive climate for change should recognize that the unit of change in any organization is, ultimately, the individual. Levers for such initiatives should navigate the macro-organizational change narrative and translate change generalities into specific individual actions and behaviors. Secondly, learning from an implementation gap, similar efforts would gain better traction in engagement and empowerment by leveraging on an influential cross-functional team made up of enthusiastic supporters of the required change, to foster ownership and to embrace change across the organization. Key characteristics that should be represented on the team include leadership skills, expertise, credibility, effective communication, and a sense of urgency. Thirdly, in terms of sustaining change, twin lessons surge to the fore. On a positive note, by progressing its values-set into an annual staff award, there is a pointer to the potential of innovatively encouraging and rewarding employees to live the value qualities. And, on the flip side, a need is underscore of the critical role of seamless executive leadership, providing ongoing co-creating windows for instilling positive attitudes and creating synergies among related strategic initiatives.
文摘In the current scenario of rapid expansion of higher education, it becomesimperative to study the dynamic factors underlying quality education,student motivation and learning outcomes. Most of the literature availableas on date are predominantly based on western studies, where theindividual’s personal achievement, autonomy, control, power are consideredto be most important. But these western models often influenced by theirindividualistic philosophy and cultural values are quite inapplicable forpluralistic Indian society, where we believe in collaboration and teamwork.Rare attempts have been made to develop an indigenous model to measurethese attributes in our society. The present study is first of its kind to assessthe salient and non-salient needs of technical students pursuing their studiesin India. Authors have identified measures of the students’ engagement invarious academic, co-curricular activities and their performance outcomes.A sample of Four-hundred and Sixty-five (N=465) engineering/sciencestudents were collected through purposive sampling exclusively from IITKharagpur , a premier technical institute in eastern India where studentsacross the country got selected and joined on merit basis, through thenational level joint entrance examination for Engineering and Science, thetoughest examination in the country, known as IIT-JEE. Career implicationsare discussed in light of the major findings.
文摘There are rich natural resources of natural mineral drugs in eastern Jilin Province. Systematic resource investigation can elevate fractional conversion of this area' s mineral drugs resources superiority. Research on natural mineral drugs of this area can upgrade the translation rate of resource superiority and accelerate the development of local medical industry, especially, it can provide scientific data for founding the strategic design of Chinese traditional medicine's trademark of Jilin Changbai Mountain. Since the resource of mineral drugs can not be regenerated, it must be exploited scientifically, utilized reasonably and protected effectively its sustaining application.
文摘When Li Weiping boarded the flight from New York to Beijing in April, it heralded her independence. The 75 year-old Chinese had stayed in the United States for two years after her husband died.
文摘Growth of older population in United States requires multi-generational evaluation to characterize health measures for sustaining workability. Investigation of measures that working population would need and use with their work-life in an attempt to stay healthy and fit, could potentially reveal significant association that could extend workability and enhance work productivity such as performance, presenteeism, job satisfaction. Evaluation with selective longitudinal health profiling;employment prerequisites;socio-economic and psychological scales could characterize health measures significantly associated with work sustainability. Such health measures could potentially be employed by US working population early in their life and occupation to sustain and improve workability in their later epoch.
文摘The research aims to propose a proper model for organizing a creative wedding event to boost Community-Based Eco-Tourism(CBET)in rural areas.It is participatory research.Site observation and in-depth interviews are 10 stakeholders from various organization;local people,the district sheriff,the provincial culture,the national park,the district municipality,the community-based tourism group,the wedding organizers and the educators from a wedding event in themed“Carry Love Covering the Forest”organized in Wiang Sa,Suratthani,the southern part of Thailand were applied.Thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data.The results found that the managing model for organizing an event tourism in Community-Based Eco-Tourism composes of three stages being pre-event,during-event,and after-event.The research provides a comprehensive understanding management model of CBET.The research makes contribution to develop and manage a new creative event to enhance positive impacts of community-based tourism to sustain,especially in eco-tourism destination.
文摘1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconnected social,economic,and environmental targets.
文摘First held in 1947,Hannover Messe is among the worlde's most influential industrial technology exhibitions.The 2025 fair,themed"Empowering Sustainable Development of Industry",will focus on AI and energy transition,highlighting the role of technological innovation in sustainable industrial development.
文摘Aims and scope GeoSus encourages wider analysis and innovative thinking about global and regional sustainability by bridging and synthesising natural and human sciences.GeoSus welcomes original,high-quality research articles,review articles,short communications,technical comments,perspective articles and editorials on the following themes.
文摘Discussions on Chinese modernization are offering African countries both conceptual inspiration and practical references as they explore their own sustainable development paths.
文摘The Royal Tropical Institute(KIT)in Amsterdam is an independent centre of knowledge and expertise in the areas of international and intercultural cooperation,operating at the interface between theory and practice and between policy and implementation.The Institute contributes to sustainable development,poverty alleviation and cultural preservation and exchange.
基金supported by the K.C.Wong Education Foundation(GJTD-2020-14)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071245)+3 种基金Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(2021XJKK1400)the China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences that supported the implementation of this studythe Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)the CSC Scholarship for Young Talents(Doctor Program)for the financial support of this study。
文摘Effective groundwater management is crucial for economic sustainable development,particularly as climate change and population growth increase the uncertainty of aquifer dynamics.Due to limited geological data,Punjab's complex hydrogeological conditions and Quaternary alluvial deposits present significant challenges for groundwater management.This study employs cost-effective numerical techniques as alternatives to traditional methods to safeguard groundwater quality,quantity,and accessibility.It introduces an edit-embedded transition frequency model that integrates regional datasets and utilizes algorithms such as GAMEAS,MCMOD,and TSIM to evaluate aquifer heterogeneity and simulate spatial variations using one-dimensional and three-dimensional Markov chains.Findings show that sand exhibits the highest self-transition(33.112 m),indicating strong stability,followed by silt,clay,and gravel,suggesting overall hydrofacies stability both horizontally and vertically.The model's predictions are largely consistent with actual material distribution,with a slight under-prediction of clay(-0.750%)and an over-prediction of sand(2.985%),which accounts for 58.77%of the aquifer material.It also highlights significant heterogeneity in the northern mountainous regions and minor variations in the south.The study emphasizes Punjab's severe water crisis,with groundwater reserves of 3502.3 BCM,declining water levels(0.38–33.62 m),and low hydraulic conductivity,urging government action on rainwater harvesting and sustainable groundwater management policies.
文摘Introduction:From rules to participation Today,standardization is no longer just about unifying technical terms or setting measurements.It has become a strategic tool to build trust,strengthen competitiveness,and drive sustainable economic growth.As industries grow more complex and new technologies and regulations emerge,it is more important than ever to involve all key players:manufacturers,suppliers,consumers,academics,and regulators.Their shared knowledge and input help shape the standards and policies that guide markets,protect consumers,and ensure product quality and safety.
文摘China provides a compelling reference for how governments can promote global climate governance and sustainable innovative development.SENIOR government officials,technical experts,and policy researchers from 14 developing countries in Asia,Africa,Latin America,and Pacific Island countries gathered at Tsinghua University(THU),Beijing,on September 1-13,2025 for in-depth study and exchange on“climate finance and low-carbon transformation.”
文摘The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to more than 30% of the world's population,predominantly in developing countries where per capita farmland and food supply are only 40% of those in developed nations(FAO 2018).Meeting the Zero Hunger target amid ongoing population growth in these regions requires a substantial increase in agricultural production while minimizing soil degradation and adverse ecological impacts.This challenge is shared by many countries across South Asia,Africa,and Central and South America.
文摘Concrete production often relies on natural aggregates,which can lead to resource depletion and environmental harm.In addition,improper disposal of thermoplastic waste exacerbates ecological problems.Although significant attention has recently been given to recycling various waste materials into concrete,studies specifically addressing thermoplastic recycled aggregates are still trending.This underscores the need to comprehensively review existing literature,identify research trends,and recognize gaps in understanding the mechanical performance of thermoplastic-based recycled aggregate concrete.Accordingly,this review summarizes recent investigations focused on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic-based recycled aggregate concrete,emphasizing aspects such as compressive strength,tensile behavior,modulus of elasticity,and durability characteristics.The primary aim is to consolidate scattered research findings,identify key parameters influencing mechanical behavior,and propose future research directions.Understanding the influence of recycled thermoplastic aggregates on concrete performance significantly supports sustainable construction practices by reducing dependency on virgin aggregates and mitigating environmental impacts associated with waste disposal.In addition,assessing mechanical performance contributes to confidence in the practical application,encouraging the broader adoption of thermoplastic-based recycled aggregate concrete in construction projects.Through this critical synthesis,the review guides researchers and industry practitioners toward informed decisions on the feasibility and reliability of integrating thermoplastic waste into concrete,thereby promoting sustainable infrastructure development.
