In order to facilitate spare parts management,an integrated approach of BP neural network and supportability analysis(SA)was proposed to evaluate the criticality of spare parts as well as to prioritize spare parts.Inf...In order to facilitate spare parts management,an integrated approach of BP neural network and supportability analysis(SA)was proposed to evaluate the criticality of spare parts as well as to prioritize spare parts.Influential factors of prioritizing spare parts were detailedly analyzed.Framework of the integrated method was established.The modelling process based on BP neural network was presented.As the input of the neural network,the values of influential factors were determined by supportability analysis data.Based on the presented method,spare parts could be automatically prioritized after supportability analysis for a new system.A case study results showed that the new method was applicable and effective.展开更多
To study the influence of support timing and support strength on the mechanical properties and deformation damage characteristics of a single-sided unloaded rock mass,a true triaxial perturbation unloaded rock testing...To study the influence of support timing and support strength on the mechanical properties and deformation damage characteristics of a single-sided unloaded rock mass,a true triaxial perturbation unloaded rock testing system was used to conduct rock damage tests on sandstone with different support timing and strength paths.Based on the acoustic emission monitoring system,the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the whole process of rock body loaded instability under two stress paths were studied,and the mechanism of the reinforcing effect of stress support on the unloaded rock mass was analyzed.The results show that,within the scope of this study,both earlier applications of shoring and an increase in shoring strength can effectively improve the ultimate bearing capacity of the unloaded rock,which increases the ultimate bearing capacity of the unloaded rock mass by 60.31% and 54.96%,respectively;There is a phenomenon of rebound deformation of the rock mass during sudden changes in stress(single-sided unloading,stress support),which shows opposite expansion and compression platforms on the stress−strain curve;The crack evolution of unloaded rock under different stress support conditions shows the state law of"initial crack activation→middle steady state expansion→late main crack penetration",and the lagging support significantly accelerates the crack evolution from local activation to main penetration;The single-sided unloading and stress-supporting stages have less influence on the unloading deformationsσ_(1u),σ_(2u) and support deformationsσ_(1) t,σ_(2t) in theσ_(1) andσ_(2)directions,while they show significant response characteristics toσ_(3u),σ_(vu) and σ_(3) t,σ_(vt),and with the increase of the support strength,the stress-supporting stagesσ_(3) t,σ_(vt) gradually increase and exceed the deformations generated by the unloading stagesσ_(3u),σ_(vu);The increase of support strength can effectively compensate for the rock stress loss caused by unloading,which makes the maximum,minimum,and volumetric strain support coefficients during the loading and unloading of the rock body increase gradually while the effect on the intermediate principal strain support coefficient is small;During loading,the support strength of rock masses seeks a new bearing area by regulating stress equilibrium states.This process primarily manifests as a shift in the locations of the crushing zone and the main bearing area,accompanied by a corresponding transformation in failure patterns.Consequently,the rock mass transitions from asymmetric three-zone damage under no or weak support to approximate symmetric three-zone damage under strong support.Simultaneously,the main load-bearing area of the rock mass shifts from deep bearing in the unsupported to middle bearing under strong support as the support strength increases.展开更多
This paper proposes a practical and framework-based approach to design an architecture transformation strategy and roadmap aiming to transform or modernize critical legacy enterprise systems.The approach is business v...This paper proposes a practical and framework-based approach to design an architecture transformation strategy and roadmap aiming to transform or modernize critical legacy enterprise systems.The approach is business value driven with IT supportability in terms of lower application operational and support costs,higher business value and shorter time to market of application delivery.The approach introduces a robust enterprise application architecture assessment framework with an emphasis on technical(internal)and strategic(external)perspectives to guide the application assessment and also a finance selfsupport transformation strategy to aid its transformation roadmap design.The approach was applied in multiple large enterprises successfully and received endorsements and positive feedback from the sponsors.The paper also presents a case study detailing the successful application of the approach to modernize an enterprise logistics transportation management system.展开更多
In wind tunnel experiments,support devices inevitably disturb the surrounding flow field,thereby degrading the accuracy of measured aerodynamic data.A new subsonic and transonic wind tunnel has recently been construct...In wind tunnel experiments,support devices inevitably disturb the surrounding flow field,thereby degrading the accuracy of measured aerodynamic data.A new subsonic and transonic wind tunnel has recently been constructed,and the support system for dynamic six degree of freedom experiments is currently under conceptual design.A key challenge is to optimize the support configuration while satisfying stringent flow quality requirements.In this study,the influence of different support configurations on the flow field is investigated numerically by analyzing velocity and pressure distributions.The results show that the optimized six degree of freedom support significantly reduces disturbances in both pressure and velocity fields,with the improvement becoming more pronounced as the Mach number increases.The main optimization measures include the addition of a tail fairing,reduction of the thickness of the connecting bases between the support rods and the sting,and downsizing of the anchor feet.In contrast,the effect of the tail support poles is found to be negligible.It is shown that,overall,the extent of upstream flow disturbance is governed primarily by the separation region and associated momentum loss induced by the support sting,the connecting bases and the anchor feet.Flow separation originates from spiral points or separation lines on the model surface,resulting from viscous effects combined with shock waves generated by the support system.展开更多
To investigate the long-term fracture conductivity behavior of propped fractures under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of deep shale gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,this study systematically anal...To investigate the long-term fracture conductivity behavior of propped fractures under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of deep shale gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,this study systematically analyzed the effects of closure stress,proppant concentration,formation temperature,and proppant size combination.Conductivity experiments were conducted using the HXDL-2C long-term proppant conductivity evaluation system under simulated reservoir conditions to determine the time-dependent evolution of fracture conductivity.The results showed that the 50-h conductivity retention of the rock-plate experiments ranged from 22%to 28%.With increasing closure stress,fracture conductivity exhibited a rapid decline.Under a formation temperature of 120℃ and a proppant concentration of 5 kg·m^(-2),the short-term conductivity of 70/140 mesh quartz-sand-propped fractures was 2.37μm^(2)·cm,which decreased to 0.66μm^(2)·cm after long-term testing.When the closure stress increased to 80 MPa,the short-term and long-term conductivities further declined to 1.36μm^(2)·cm and 0.39μm^(2)·cm,respectively.Increasing the proppant concentration from 5 to 7.5 kg·m^(-2)at 120℃ and 80 MPa improved both short-term and long-term conductivities by enlarging the effective fracture width;however,the conductivity decay rate accelerated,and the 50-h retention dropped from 27.2%to 22.8%.Raising the temperature from 120℃ to 140℃ promoted proppant crushing and compaction,intensified shale creep,and accelerated fracture closure,reducing long-term conductivity from 0.37 to 0.30μm^(2)·cm.Under identical conditions,40/70 mesh ceramic proppants maintained significantly higher conductivities than 70/140 mesh quartz sand,with short-term and long-term values of 8.71 and 2.19μm^(2)·cm,respectively,at 120℃,80 MPa,and 5 kg·m^(-2).Pure quartz-sand systems failed to maintain effective conductivity under high-temperature and high-stress conditions,whereas adding 20%40/70 mesh ceramic proppant and thoroughly mixing it,the long-term conductivity has increased by 2.3 times,improving fracture stability while reducing overall cost.A predictive equation was derived from the experimental results to capture the dynamic decay characteristics of fracture conductivity.These outcomes provide a valuable experimental basis and technical support for optimizing fracturing fluid design,proppant selection,and operation parameters in deep shale formations.展开更多
The testing of large structures is limited by high costs and long cycles, making scaling methods an attractive solution. However, the scaling process of elastic rings introduces complexities in multi-parameter geometr...The testing of large structures is limited by high costs and long cycles, making scaling methods an attractive solution. However, the scaling process of elastic rings introduces complexities in multi-parameter geometric distortions, leading to a diminution in the predictive accuracy of the distorted similitude. To address this challenge, this study formulates a novel set of scaling laws, tailored to account for the intricate geometric distortions associated with elastic rings. The proposed scaling laws are formulated based on the intrinsic deformation characteristics of elastic rings, rather than the traditional systemic governing equations. Numerical and experimental cases are conducted to assess the efficacy and precision of the proposed scaling laws, and the obtained results are compared with those achieved by traditional methods. The outcomes demonstrate that the scaling laws put forth by this study significantly enhance the predictive capabilities for deformations of elastic rings.展开更多
Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation (PNF) is a promising alternative to the Haber-Bosch process.It achieves green ammonia production by utilizing solar energy for nitrogen fixation under mild conditions.While nanoscale p...Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation (PNF) is a promising alternative to the Haber-Bosch process.It achieves green ammonia production by utilizing solar energy for nitrogen fixation under mild conditions.While nanoscale photocatalysts offer enhanced performance due to their high surface area and abundant active sites,their small size makes them difficult to recover and prone to agglomeration.These bottlenecks severely limit industrial application.A promising solution is to immobilize the catalysts onto support surfaces.This paper provides a systematic review of recent advances in the design of immobilized photocatalysts for ammonia synthesis.It begins by outlining the key benefits of immobilization strategies,particularly in improving catalyst stability,recyclability,and overall photocatalytic performance.The working mechanisms and features of various immobilization techniques are then categorized and explained,covering physical adsorption/deposition,chemical bonding,in situ growth,and hybrid physico-chemical methods.Supported materials and common substrate types are also summarized.Furthermore,the widely used configurations of photoreactors suitable for immobilized systems are introduced.Finally,the review identifies current research limitations and challenges,and offers perspectives on future developments in the field of immobilized photocatalysis.展开更多
Title Page The title page(page 1,do not number)should contain these elements:(a)full title;(b)Each authors'names,academic degrees,and affiliations(if Chinese,give standard English version);(c)the designated corres...Title Page The title page(page 1,do not number)should contain these elements:(a)full title;(b)Each authors'names,academic degrees,and affiliations(if Chinese,give standard English version);(c)the designated corresponding author's name,mailing address,telephone and fax numbers,and e-mail address;(d)source(s)of financial support of the study;(e)the total word count of the manuscript,including the title page,abstract,text,references,tables,and figures legends.展开更多
Backgrounds:Somatization and eating-related problems in adolescents living in residential care may be shaped by the interplay of risk and protective factors,including gender,relational trauma,attachment patterns,emoti...Backgrounds:Somatization and eating-related problems in adolescents living in residential care may be shaped by the interplay of risk and protective factors,including gender,relational trauma,attachment patterns,emotional intelligence,and perceived social support.This study examined how gender,relational trauma,attachment dimensions,resilience,and emotional intelligence contribute to the presence of somatic and eating difficulties in this population.Methods:The sample included 46 adolescents(63%female;ages 12–17,Mean=14.85,Standard Deviation(SD)=1.49)residing in child protection institutions in Uruguay.Participants completed self-report measures assessing childhood relational trauma(CaMir),attachment dimensions(anxiety and avoidance),resilience,emotional intelligence(adaptability and stress management),social support(MOS),and psychosocial adjustment(SENA subscales of somatization and eating problems).Using a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)approach,distinct configurations of risk and protective factors associated with elevated levels of somatization and eating problems were identified.Results:Relational trauma and attachment anxiety showed moderate associations with both somatization and eating problems(r=0.52–0.57,p<0.01),whereas stress management was negatively associated with both outcomes(r=−0.37 to−0.47,p<0.05).FsQCA revealed multiple configurations of risk and protective factors explaining 81–90%of cases,with solution consistencies ranging from 0.83 to 0.87.Results suggest that relational trauma and attachment anxiety are key risk conditions,whereas resilience,emotional regulation,and perceived social support function as protective factors.Conclusions:Findings highlight the importance of considering multifactorial patterns of vulnerability and protection rather than single predictors and underscore the need for tailored interventions that strengthen resilience and emotional skills while addressing the impact of early relational trauma.展开更多
Uncertain parameters are widespread in engineering systems.This study investigates the modal analysis of a fluid-conveying pipe subjected to elastic supports with unknown-but-bound parameters.The governing equation fo...Uncertain parameters are widespread in engineering systems.This study investigates the modal analysis of a fluid-conveying pipe subjected to elastic supports with unknown-but-bound parameters.The governing equation for the elastically supported fluid-conveying pipe is transformed into ordinary differential equations using the Galerkin truncation method.The Chebyshev interval approach,integrated with the assumed mode method is then used to investigate the effects of uncertainties of support stiffness,fluid speed,and pipe length on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the pipe.Additionally,both symmetrical and asymmetrical support stiffnesses are discussed.The accuracy and effectiveness of the Chebyshev interval approach are verified through comparison with the Monte Carlo method.The results reveal that,for the same deviation coefficient,uncertainties in symmetrical support stiffness have a greater impact on the first four natural frequencies than those of the asymmetrical one.There may be significant differences in the sensitivity of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the same order to uncertain parameters.Notably,mode shapes susceptible to uncertain parameters exhibit wider fluctuation intervals near the elastic supports,requiring more attention.展开更多
Asymmetric deformation and failure of surrounding rock are frequently observed in mountain tunnels and deep mining roadways,yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.To investigate asymmetric failure in r...Asymmetric deformation and failure of surrounding rock are frequently observed in mountain tunnels and deep mining roadways,yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.To investigate asymmetric failure in roadways adjacent to fault structures and mining panels,this study adopts an integrated approach combining theoretical derivation,numerical simulation,and field application,with particular emphasis on the second invariant of the stress deviator(J_(2) )in the surrounding rock.Based on the stress solution for a circular opening,an analytical expression for J_(2)(distortion energy)is derived by considering the reorientation of principal stresses.The study demonstrates that both the increase and reorientation of principal stresses induced by fault–mining interaction jointly govern the spatial distribution of J_(2) and the resulting asymmetric failure behavior.Specifically,the principal stress rotation angle determines the location of J_(2) concentration,whereas the principal stress ratio controls its magnitude.To mitigate asymmetric failure,it is recommended to optimize the J_(2) state through adjustments in roadway size,geometry,and support systems,while simultaneously controlling the asymmetric concentration of stress deviator to enhance roadway stability.This study systematically elucidates the chain mechanism of asymmetric surrounding rock failure driven by principal stress,and further proposes a rational asymmetric joint control strategy,providing theoretical guidance for similar underground engineering conditions.展开更多
Background:Amid the global rise in adolescent sedentary behavior and psychological distress,extant research has largely focused on variable-level associations,neglecting symptom-level interactions.This study applies n...Background:Amid the global rise in adolescent sedentary behavior and psychological distress,extant research has largely focused on variable-level associations,neglecting symptom-level interactions.This study applies network analysis,aims to delineate the interconnections among sedentary time,social support,social exclusion,and psychological distress in Chinese students,and to identify core and bridge symptoms to inform targeted interventions.Methods:This study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate the complex relationships among sedentary behavior,social support,social exclusion,and psychological distress among Chinese students.The research involved 459 high school and university students,using network analysis and mediation models to examine these relationships.Results:Network analysis revealed that the network had a density of 58.33%and an average edge weight of 0.11.In terms of centrality,stress had the highest expected influence(EI=1.135),acting as the core amplifier in the network.Sedentary behavior demonstrated the highest bridging expected influence,functioning as a critical bridge for cross-community transmission.Conversely,friend support showed the lowest bridging EI with a negative value,indicating its effectiveness in blocking cross-community diffusion and alleviating symptoms.Conclusion:With stress acting as the most influential“core engine”within the symptom network and sedentary behavior serving as the key“bridge”for cross-community transmission,interventions should first target stress to weaken the overall symptom cascade,followed by reducing sedentary behavior or enhancing friend support to disrupt cross-community pathways,thereby achieving a core-bridge dual blockade.展开更多
Myelination in the central nervous system(CNS)is a highly intricate process,exclusive to vertebrates,that relies on the coordinated interaction between oligodendrocytes(OLs)and neurons.In addition to their role in for...Myelination in the central nervous system(CNS)is a highly intricate process,exclusive to vertebrates,that relies on the coordinated interaction between oligodendrocytes(OLs)and neurons.In addition to their role in forming myelin,accumulating evidence indicates that OLs provide crucial trophic support to axons,contributing to normal CNS function.Notably,OL injury and loss are observed in a variety of human conditions,including stroke,traumatic injuries of the brain and spinal cord,as well as neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis(MS).展开更多
With the speeding up of China’s urbanization process,the problems related to the left-behind children-especially the psychological matter–have become more and more prominent.To solve such kind of problems requires t...With the speeding up of China’s urbanization process,the problems related to the left-behind children-especially the psychological matter–have become more and more prominent.To solve such kind of problems requires the intervention of the professionals like the social workers.Due to long term lack of companionship from the parents,the left-behind children suffers from insufficient emotion and internal innovation,which leads to low self efficiency.Furthermore,their poor communication skills with other people causes their withdrawal,suppress emotions,accumulate inwardly and result in severe negative impact.Therefore at this moment,emotional intervention becomes particularly crucial.The left-behind children can open up about their true thoughts through the communication with the social workers,who can promptly provide emotional comfort for their inner struggles to get result of mental nourishing.Therefore,emotional intervention renders service with warmth and highlights humanistic care.展开更多
The neutral surface of a concave thin mirror is too close to the mirror surface,which makes it difficult to effectively mount the flexible structure and increases the mirror surface shape error.To address this problem...The neutral surface of a concave thin mirror is too close to the mirror surface,which makes it difficult to effectively mount the flexible structure and increases the mirror surface shape error.To address this problem,we design a flexible support structure including connectors,a support plate,and flexible structures,and construct an equivalent mirror by installing connectors and a support plate on the back of the mirror.While ensuring that the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror is moved away from the mirror surface,we optimize the support structure so that the rotary center of the flexible structure is located on the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror,avoiding the tilting moment.Following design and modeling of the structure,we analyze the static and dynamic characteristics using a finite element simulation,finding a root-mean-square(RMS)value for the surface shape error of 9.28 nm under the coupled effects of 1g gravity load,4℃ temperature rise,and 0.005 mm unevenness assembly error,with a fundamental frequency of 170.75 Hz,which all meet the design requirements.Finally,we carry out a surface shape error test of the mirror assembly,confirming it to meet the design index requirement of the mirror assembly.Simulation and test results verify the reliability and effectiveness of our proposed support structure.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical effect of personalized nutritional support in elderly women with gestational diabetes(GDM),and explore its impact on the incidence of maternal complications and pregnancy outcomes.Met...Objective:To explore the clinical effect of personalized nutritional support in elderly women with gestational diabetes(GDM),and explore its impact on the incidence of maternal complications and pregnancy outcomes.Methods:A total of 90 elderly pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were delivered in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.The control group only received routine pregnancy care and basic nutrition guidance,while the observation group received personalized nutrition support on this basis.Compare the blood glucose control,incidence of pregnancy complications,pregnancy outcomes,and neonatal outcomes between two groups of parturient.Result:After intervention,the fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(p<0.05);The incidence of complications such as gestational hypertension syndrome,polyhydramnios,premature rupture of membranes,and postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);The cesarean section rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes such as fetal distress,macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia,and neonatal hypoglycemia in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with statistical significance(p<0.05).Conclusion:Individualized nutritional support for elderly women with gestational diabetes can effectively improve the level of maternal blood sugar control,reduce the incidence of complications during pregnancy,and improve the outcome of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes,which is of high clinical value.展开更多
YOU CANNOT SUCCUMB TO CHOLERA,unless the sewage system breaks down-likewise deaths from violence vanish,as long as emotional support networks are working properly.Gut hygiene eliminates the one,societal hygiene the ot...YOU CANNOT SUCCUMB TO CHOLERA,unless the sewage system breaks down-likewise deaths from violence vanish,as long as emotional support networks are working properly.Gut hygiene eliminates the one,societal hygiene the other.Cholera was an inexorable plague-until Germ Theory was accepted and implemented.Violence too,will persist-until we agree and accept its equivalent in Societal Theory.The scientific method,especially Quantum Physics,sabotages philosophy-it cannot cope with the living fact that the elephant in the room is alive.Quantum Mechanics describes itself as being(1)more incomprehensible,(2)weirder,and(3)more uncertain than anything we’ve met before.But that’s chickenfeed,compared to what you find in clinical medicine,which though portrayed as being intrinsically woolly and subjective,wilfully aims to enhance life,whatever that might be.展开更多
Modern intelligent systems,such as autonomous vehicles and face recognition,must continuously adapt to new scenarios while preserving their ability to handle previously encountered situations.However,when neural netwo...Modern intelligent systems,such as autonomous vehicles and face recognition,must continuously adapt to new scenarios while preserving their ability to handle previously encountered situations.However,when neural networks learn new classes sequentially,they suffer from catastrophic forgetting—the tendency to lose knowledge of earlier classes.This challenge,which lies at the core of class-incremental learning,severely limits the deployment of continual learning systems in real-world applications with streaming data.Existing approaches,including rehearsalbased methods and knowledge distillation techniques,have attempted to address this issue but often struggle to effectively preserve decision boundaries and discriminative features under limited memory constraints.To overcome these limitations,we propose a support vector-guided framework for class-incremental learning.The framework integrates an enhanced feature extractor with a Support Vector Machine classifier,which generates boundary-critical support vectors to guide both replay and distillation.Building on this architecture,we design a joint feature retention strategy that combines boundary proximity with feature diversity,and a Support Vector Distillation Loss that enforces dual alignment in decision and semantic spaces.In addition,triple attention modules are incorporated into the feature extractor to enhance representation power.Extensive experiments on CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet demonstrate effective improvements.On CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet with 5 tasks,our method achieves 71.68%and 58.61%average accuracy,outperforming strong baselines by 3.34%and 2.05%.These advantages are consistently observed across different task splits,highlighting the robustness and generalization of the proposed approach.Beyond benchmark evaluations,the framework also shows potential in few-shot and resource-constrained applications such as edge computing and mobile robotics.展开更多
Background:As an important indicator of subjective well-being(SWB),decent work is a key guarantee for the sustainable development of teachers and their psychological health and work quality.Faced with the rapid develo...Background:As an important indicator of subjective well-being(SWB),decent work is a key guarantee for the sustainable development of teachers and their psychological health and work quality.Faced with the rapid development of artificial intelligence and the global labor market,vocational college teachers are facing challenges such as workload pressure and limited career development,which may harm their well-being.This study aims to localize the measurement method of decent work in Chinese vocational education based on the theory of the Psychology of Working Theory,and explore the relationship mechanism between organizational support,career adaptability,decent work,and job satisfaction among vocational college teachers.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 422 HVCU teachers in China(202 male,220 female)using the localized Perceived Organizational Support Scale,Career Adaptability Scale,Decent Work Scale,and Job Satisfaction Scale.Results:The overall level of HVCU teachers’decent work was above the median(Mean=4.09,SD=0.69),laying a foundation for their SWB.Decent work significantly and positively predicted job satisfaction(β=0.620,p<0.001).Organizational support(r=0.58,p<0.001)and career adaptability(r=0.82,p<0.001)can positively affect decent work,and further improve job satisfaction(collective R2 rising from 38.3%to 41.1%).Bootstrap analysis confirmed these mediating effects were robust.Conclusions:This study confirms that the combined effects of organizational support and career adaptability can enhance decent work,further improving teachers’job satisfaction and subsequent subjective well-being.Besides,this study provides an empirical basis for improving the well-being of higher vocational teachers and the sustainable development of vocational education,and has practical significance for improving the teacher incentive policy.展开更多
In recent decades,the proliferation of email communication has markedly escalated,resulting in a concomitant surge in spam emails that congest networks and presenting security risks.This study introduces an innovative...In recent decades,the proliferation of email communication has markedly escalated,resulting in a concomitant surge in spam emails that congest networks and presenting security risks.This study introduces an innovative spam detection method utilizing the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm(HHOA),designed for binary classification within multi⁃objective framework.The method proficiently identifies essential features,minimizing redundancy and improving classification precision.The suggested HHOA attained an impressive accuracy of 97.21%on the Kaggle email dataset,with precision of 94.30%,recall of 90.50%,and F1⁃score of 92.80%.Compared to conventional techniques,such as Support Vector Machine(93.89%accuracy),Random Forest(96.14%accuracy),and K⁃Nearest Neighbours(92.08%accuracy),HHOA exhibited enhanced performance with reduced computing complexity.The suggested method demonstrated enhanced feature selection efficiency,decreasing the number of selected features while maintaining high classification accuracy.The results underscore the efficacy of HHOA in spam identification and indicate its potential for further applications in practical email filtering systems.展开更多
文摘In order to facilitate spare parts management,an integrated approach of BP neural network and supportability analysis(SA)was proposed to evaluate the criticality of spare parts as well as to prioritize spare parts.Influential factors of prioritizing spare parts were detailedly analyzed.Framework of the integrated method was established.The modelling process based on BP neural network was presented.As the input of the neural network,the values of influential factors were determined by supportability analysis data.Based on the presented method,spare parts could be automatically prioritized after supportability analysis for a new system.A case study results showed that the new method was applicable and effective.
基金Projects(2023 YFC 2907602,2022 YFF 1303302)supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of ChinaProject(52342404)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+2 种基金Project(GXXT-2021-075)supported by the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province,ChinaProject(2022AH010053)supported by Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team of Universities in Anhui Province,ChinaProject(2022xscx080)supported by Anhui Provincial Department of Education Graduate Student Academic Innovation Fund,China。
文摘To study the influence of support timing and support strength on the mechanical properties and deformation damage characteristics of a single-sided unloaded rock mass,a true triaxial perturbation unloaded rock testing system was used to conduct rock damage tests on sandstone with different support timing and strength paths.Based on the acoustic emission monitoring system,the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the whole process of rock body loaded instability under two stress paths were studied,and the mechanism of the reinforcing effect of stress support on the unloaded rock mass was analyzed.The results show that,within the scope of this study,both earlier applications of shoring and an increase in shoring strength can effectively improve the ultimate bearing capacity of the unloaded rock,which increases the ultimate bearing capacity of the unloaded rock mass by 60.31% and 54.96%,respectively;There is a phenomenon of rebound deformation of the rock mass during sudden changes in stress(single-sided unloading,stress support),which shows opposite expansion and compression platforms on the stress−strain curve;The crack evolution of unloaded rock under different stress support conditions shows the state law of"initial crack activation→middle steady state expansion→late main crack penetration",and the lagging support significantly accelerates the crack evolution from local activation to main penetration;The single-sided unloading and stress-supporting stages have less influence on the unloading deformationsσ_(1u),σ_(2u) and support deformationsσ_(1) t,σ_(2t) in theσ_(1) andσ_(2)directions,while they show significant response characteristics toσ_(3u),σ_(vu) and σ_(3) t,σ_(vt),and with the increase of the support strength,the stress-supporting stagesσ_(3) t,σ_(vt) gradually increase and exceed the deformations generated by the unloading stagesσ_(3u),σ_(vu);The increase of support strength can effectively compensate for the rock stress loss caused by unloading,which makes the maximum,minimum,and volumetric strain support coefficients during the loading and unloading of the rock body increase gradually while the effect on the intermediate principal strain support coefficient is small;During loading,the support strength of rock masses seeks a new bearing area by regulating stress equilibrium states.This process primarily manifests as a shift in the locations of the crushing zone and the main bearing area,accompanied by a corresponding transformation in failure patterns.Consequently,the rock mass transitions from asymmetric three-zone damage under no or weak support to approximate symmetric three-zone damage under strong support.Simultaneously,the main load-bearing area of the rock mass shifts from deep bearing in the unsupported to middle bearing under strong support as the support strength increases.
文摘This paper proposes a practical and framework-based approach to design an architecture transformation strategy and roadmap aiming to transform or modernize critical legacy enterprise systems.The approach is business value driven with IT supportability in terms of lower application operational and support costs,higher business value and shorter time to market of application delivery.The approach introduces a robust enterprise application architecture assessment framework with an emphasis on technical(internal)and strategic(external)perspectives to guide the application assessment and also a finance selfsupport transformation strategy to aid its transformation roadmap design.The approach was applied in multiple large enterprises successfully and received endorsements and positive feedback from the sponsors.The paper also presents a case study detailing the successful application of the approach to modernize an enterprise logistics transportation management system.
基金supported by the Guiding Project of Scientific Research Plan of Hubei Education Department of China[Grant No.B2020227].
文摘In wind tunnel experiments,support devices inevitably disturb the surrounding flow field,thereby degrading the accuracy of measured aerodynamic data.A new subsonic and transonic wind tunnel has recently been constructed,and the support system for dynamic six degree of freedom experiments is currently under conceptual design.A key challenge is to optimize the support configuration while satisfying stringent flow quality requirements.In this study,the influence of different support configurations on the flow field is investigated numerically by analyzing velocity and pressure distributions.The results show that the optimized six degree of freedom support significantly reduces disturbances in both pressure and velocity fields,with the improvement becoming more pronounced as the Mach number increases.The main optimization measures include the addition of a tail fairing,reduction of the thickness of the connecting bases between the support rods and the sting,and downsizing of the anchor feet.In contrast,the effect of the tail support poles is found to be negligible.It is shown that,overall,the extent of upstream flow disturbance is governed primarily by the separation region and associated momentum loss induced by the support sting,the connecting bases and the anchor feet.Flow separation originates from spiral points or separation lines on the model surface,resulting from viscous effects combined with shock waves generated by the support system.
基金funding for this research comes fromHubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2022CFB690)the Open Foundation(UOG2024-03)of Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil+1 种基金Gas,Yangtze University(Ministry of Education&Hubei Province)and the Open Foundation(YQZC202302)of Hubei Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering(Yangtze University)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.U23B20156).
文摘To investigate the long-term fracture conductivity behavior of propped fractures under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of deep shale gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,this study systematically analyzed the effects of closure stress,proppant concentration,formation temperature,and proppant size combination.Conductivity experiments were conducted using the HXDL-2C long-term proppant conductivity evaluation system under simulated reservoir conditions to determine the time-dependent evolution of fracture conductivity.The results showed that the 50-h conductivity retention of the rock-plate experiments ranged from 22%to 28%.With increasing closure stress,fracture conductivity exhibited a rapid decline.Under a formation temperature of 120℃ and a proppant concentration of 5 kg·m^(-2),the short-term conductivity of 70/140 mesh quartz-sand-propped fractures was 2.37μm^(2)·cm,which decreased to 0.66μm^(2)·cm after long-term testing.When the closure stress increased to 80 MPa,the short-term and long-term conductivities further declined to 1.36μm^(2)·cm and 0.39μm^(2)·cm,respectively.Increasing the proppant concentration from 5 to 7.5 kg·m^(-2)at 120℃ and 80 MPa improved both short-term and long-term conductivities by enlarging the effective fracture width;however,the conductivity decay rate accelerated,and the 50-h retention dropped from 27.2%to 22.8%.Raising the temperature from 120℃ to 140℃ promoted proppant crushing and compaction,intensified shale creep,and accelerated fracture closure,reducing long-term conductivity from 0.37 to 0.30μm^(2)·cm.Under identical conditions,40/70 mesh ceramic proppants maintained significantly higher conductivities than 70/140 mesh quartz sand,with short-term and long-term values of 8.71 and 2.19μm^(2)·cm,respectively,at 120℃,80 MPa,and 5 kg·m^(-2).Pure quartz-sand systems failed to maintain effective conductivity under high-temperature and high-stress conditions,whereas adding 20%40/70 mesh ceramic proppant and thoroughly mixing it,the long-term conductivity has increased by 2.3 times,improving fracture stability while reducing overall cost.A predictive equation was derived from the experimental results to capture the dynamic decay characteristics of fracture conductivity.These outcomes provide a valuable experimental basis and technical support for optimizing fracturing fluid design,proppant selection,and operation parameters in deep shale formations.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52405095,12272089,and 92360305)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of China(No.2023A1515110557)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(No.2023-BSBA-102)the Open Fund of National Key Laboratory of Particle Transport and Separation Technology of China(No.WZKF-2024-6)the Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology of China(Nos.2024GKLACVTKF07 and 2024GKLACVTKF06)the Basic Research Projects of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education of China(No.JYTQN2023162)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.N2403022)。
文摘The testing of large structures is limited by high costs and long cycles, making scaling methods an attractive solution. However, the scaling process of elastic rings introduces complexities in multi-parameter geometric distortions, leading to a diminution in the predictive accuracy of the distorted similitude. To address this challenge, this study formulates a novel set of scaling laws, tailored to account for the intricate geometric distortions associated with elastic rings. The proposed scaling laws are formulated based on the intrinsic deformation characteristics of elastic rings, rather than the traditional systemic governing equations. Numerical and experimental cases are conducted to assess the efficacy and precision of the proposed scaling laws, and the obtained results are compared with those achieved by traditional methods. The outcomes demonstrate that the scaling laws put forth by this study significantly enhance the predictive capabilities for deformations of elastic rings.
基金support for carrying out this work was provided by the Doctoral Research Foundation of Weifang University(2024BS20)Science and Technology Development Plan Foundation of Weifang(2024GX017).
文摘Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation (PNF) is a promising alternative to the Haber-Bosch process.It achieves green ammonia production by utilizing solar energy for nitrogen fixation under mild conditions.While nanoscale photocatalysts offer enhanced performance due to their high surface area and abundant active sites,their small size makes them difficult to recover and prone to agglomeration.These bottlenecks severely limit industrial application.A promising solution is to immobilize the catalysts onto support surfaces.This paper provides a systematic review of recent advances in the design of immobilized photocatalysts for ammonia synthesis.It begins by outlining the key benefits of immobilization strategies,particularly in improving catalyst stability,recyclability,and overall photocatalytic performance.The working mechanisms and features of various immobilization techniques are then categorized and explained,covering physical adsorption/deposition,chemical bonding,in situ growth,and hybrid physico-chemical methods.Supported materials and common substrate types are also summarized.Furthermore,the widely used configurations of photoreactors suitable for immobilized systems are introduced.Finally,the review identifies current research limitations and challenges,and offers perspectives on future developments in the field of immobilized photocatalysis.
文摘Title Page The title page(page 1,do not number)should contain these elements:(a)full title;(b)Each authors'names,academic degrees,and affiliations(if Chinese,give standard English version);(c)the designated corresponding author's name,mailing address,telephone and fax numbers,and e-mail address;(d)source(s)of financial support of the study;(e)the total word count of the manuscript,including the title page,abstract,text,references,tables,and figures legends.
文摘Backgrounds:Somatization and eating-related problems in adolescents living in residential care may be shaped by the interplay of risk and protective factors,including gender,relational trauma,attachment patterns,emotional intelligence,and perceived social support.This study examined how gender,relational trauma,attachment dimensions,resilience,and emotional intelligence contribute to the presence of somatic and eating difficulties in this population.Methods:The sample included 46 adolescents(63%female;ages 12–17,Mean=14.85,Standard Deviation(SD)=1.49)residing in child protection institutions in Uruguay.Participants completed self-report measures assessing childhood relational trauma(CaMir),attachment dimensions(anxiety and avoidance),resilience,emotional intelligence(adaptability and stress management),social support(MOS),and psychosocial adjustment(SENA subscales of somatization and eating problems).Using a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)approach,distinct configurations of risk and protective factors associated with elevated levels of somatization and eating problems were identified.Results:Relational trauma and attachment anxiety showed moderate associations with both somatization and eating problems(r=0.52–0.57,p<0.01),whereas stress management was negatively associated with both outcomes(r=−0.37 to−0.47,p<0.05).FsQCA revealed multiple configurations of risk and protective factors explaining 81–90%of cases,with solution consistencies ranging from 0.83 to 0.87.Results suggest that relational trauma and attachment anxiety are key risk conditions,whereas resilience,emotional regulation,and perceived social support function as protective factors.Conclusions:Findings highlight the importance of considering multifactorial patterns of vulnerability and protection rather than single predictors and underscore the need for tailored interventions that strengthen resilience and emotional skills while addressing the impact of early relational trauma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12272211,12072181,and 12121002).
文摘Uncertain parameters are widespread in engineering systems.This study investigates the modal analysis of a fluid-conveying pipe subjected to elastic supports with unknown-but-bound parameters.The governing equation for the elastically supported fluid-conveying pipe is transformed into ordinary differential equations using the Galerkin truncation method.The Chebyshev interval approach,integrated with the assumed mode method is then used to investigate the effects of uncertainties of support stiffness,fluid speed,and pipe length on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the pipe.Additionally,both symmetrical and asymmetrical support stiffnesses are discussed.The accuracy and effectiveness of the Chebyshev interval approach are verified through comparison with the Monte Carlo method.The results reveal that,for the same deviation coefficient,uncertainties in symmetrical support stiffness have a greater impact on the first four natural frequencies than those of the asymmetrical one.There may be significant differences in the sensitivity of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the same order to uncertain parameters.Notably,mode shapes susceptible to uncertain parameters exhibit wider fluctuation intervals near the elastic supports,requiring more attention.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52274148)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.E2023402103)+1 种基金the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(Grant No.QN2025247)Handan Science and Technology R&D Project(Grant No.23422093047)。
文摘Asymmetric deformation and failure of surrounding rock are frequently observed in mountain tunnels and deep mining roadways,yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.To investigate asymmetric failure in roadways adjacent to fault structures and mining panels,this study adopts an integrated approach combining theoretical derivation,numerical simulation,and field application,with particular emphasis on the second invariant of the stress deviator(J_(2) )in the surrounding rock.Based on the stress solution for a circular opening,an analytical expression for J_(2)(distortion energy)is derived by considering the reorientation of principal stresses.The study demonstrates that both the increase and reorientation of principal stresses induced by fault–mining interaction jointly govern the spatial distribution of J_(2) and the resulting asymmetric failure behavior.Specifically,the principal stress rotation angle determines the location of J_(2) concentration,whereas the principal stress ratio controls its magnitude.To mitigate asymmetric failure,it is recommended to optimize the J_(2) state through adjustments in roadway size,geometry,and support systems,while simultaneously controlling the asymmetric concentration of stress deviator to enhance roadway stability.This study systematically elucidates the chain mechanism of asymmetric surrounding rock failure driven by principal stress,and further proposes a rational asymmetric joint control strategy,providing theoretical guidance for similar underground engineering conditions.
文摘Background:Amid the global rise in adolescent sedentary behavior and psychological distress,extant research has largely focused on variable-level associations,neglecting symptom-level interactions.This study applies network analysis,aims to delineate the interconnections among sedentary time,social support,social exclusion,and psychological distress in Chinese students,and to identify core and bridge symptoms to inform targeted interventions.Methods:This study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate the complex relationships among sedentary behavior,social support,social exclusion,and psychological distress among Chinese students.The research involved 459 high school and university students,using network analysis and mediation models to examine these relationships.Results:Network analysis revealed that the network had a density of 58.33%and an average edge weight of 0.11.In terms of centrality,stress had the highest expected influence(EI=1.135),acting as the core amplifier in the network.Sedentary behavior demonstrated the highest bridging expected influence,functioning as a critical bridge for cross-community transmission.Conversely,friend support showed the lowest bridging EI with a negative value,indicating its effectiveness in blocking cross-community diffusion and alleviating symptoms.Conclusion:With stress acting as the most influential“core engine”within the symptom network and sedentary behavior serving as the key“bridge”for cross-community transmission,interventions should first target stress to weaken the overall symptom cascade,followed by reducing sedentary behavior or enhancing friend support to disrupt cross-community pathways,thereby achieving a core-bridge dual blockade.
文摘Myelination in the central nervous system(CNS)is a highly intricate process,exclusive to vertebrates,that relies on the coordinated interaction between oligodendrocytes(OLs)and neurons.In addition to their role in forming myelin,accumulating evidence indicates that OLs provide crucial trophic support to axons,contributing to normal CNS function.Notably,OL injury and loss are observed in a variety of human conditions,including stroke,traumatic injuries of the brain and spinal cord,as well as neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis(MS).
文摘With the speeding up of China’s urbanization process,the problems related to the left-behind children-especially the psychological matter–have become more and more prominent.To solve such kind of problems requires the intervention of the professionals like the social workers.Due to long term lack of companionship from the parents,the left-behind children suffers from insufficient emotion and internal innovation,which leads to low self efficiency.Furthermore,their poor communication skills with other people causes their withdrawal,suppress emotions,accumulate inwardly and result in severe negative impact.Therefore at this moment,emotional intervention becomes particularly crucial.The left-behind children can open up about their true thoughts through the communication with the social workers,who can promptly provide emotional comfort for their inner struggles to get result of mental nourishing.Therefore,emotional intervention renders service with warmth and highlights humanistic care.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12473085).
文摘The neutral surface of a concave thin mirror is too close to the mirror surface,which makes it difficult to effectively mount the flexible structure and increases the mirror surface shape error.To address this problem,we design a flexible support structure including connectors,a support plate,and flexible structures,and construct an equivalent mirror by installing connectors and a support plate on the back of the mirror.While ensuring that the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror is moved away from the mirror surface,we optimize the support structure so that the rotary center of the flexible structure is located on the neutral surface of the equivalent mirror,avoiding the tilting moment.Following design and modeling of the structure,we analyze the static and dynamic characteristics using a finite element simulation,finding a root-mean-square(RMS)value for the surface shape error of 9.28 nm under the coupled effects of 1g gravity load,4℃ temperature rise,and 0.005 mm unevenness assembly error,with a fundamental frequency of 170.75 Hz,which all meet the design requirements.Finally,we carry out a surface shape error test of the mirror assembly,confirming it to meet the design index requirement of the mirror assembly.Simulation and test results verify the reliability and effectiveness of our proposed support structure.
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical effect of personalized nutritional support in elderly women with gestational diabetes(GDM),and explore its impact on the incidence of maternal complications and pregnancy outcomes.Methods:A total of 90 elderly pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were delivered in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.The control group only received routine pregnancy care and basic nutrition guidance,while the observation group received personalized nutrition support on this basis.Compare the blood glucose control,incidence of pregnancy complications,pregnancy outcomes,and neonatal outcomes between two groups of parturient.Result:After intervention,the fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(p<0.05);The incidence of complications such as gestational hypertension syndrome,polyhydramnios,premature rupture of membranes,and postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);The cesarean section rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes such as fetal distress,macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia,and neonatal hypoglycemia in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with statistical significance(p<0.05).Conclusion:Individualized nutritional support for elderly women with gestational diabetes can effectively improve the level of maternal blood sugar control,reduce the incidence of complications during pregnancy,and improve the outcome of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes,which is of high clinical value.
文摘YOU CANNOT SUCCUMB TO CHOLERA,unless the sewage system breaks down-likewise deaths from violence vanish,as long as emotional support networks are working properly.Gut hygiene eliminates the one,societal hygiene the other.Cholera was an inexorable plague-until Germ Theory was accepted and implemented.Violence too,will persist-until we agree and accept its equivalent in Societal Theory.The scientific method,especially Quantum Physics,sabotages philosophy-it cannot cope with the living fact that the elephant in the room is alive.Quantum Mechanics describes itself as being(1)more incomprehensible,(2)weirder,and(3)more uncertain than anything we’ve met before.But that’s chickenfeed,compared to what you find in clinical medicine,which though portrayed as being intrinsically woolly and subjective,wilfully aims to enhance life,whatever that might be.
基金supported by the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(grant number 25JRRA074)the Gansu Provincial Key R&D Science and Technology Program(grant number 24YFGA060)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 62161019).
文摘Modern intelligent systems,such as autonomous vehicles and face recognition,must continuously adapt to new scenarios while preserving their ability to handle previously encountered situations.However,when neural networks learn new classes sequentially,they suffer from catastrophic forgetting—the tendency to lose knowledge of earlier classes.This challenge,which lies at the core of class-incremental learning,severely limits the deployment of continual learning systems in real-world applications with streaming data.Existing approaches,including rehearsalbased methods and knowledge distillation techniques,have attempted to address this issue but often struggle to effectively preserve decision boundaries and discriminative features under limited memory constraints.To overcome these limitations,we propose a support vector-guided framework for class-incremental learning.The framework integrates an enhanced feature extractor with a Support Vector Machine classifier,which generates boundary-critical support vectors to guide both replay and distillation.Building on this architecture,we design a joint feature retention strategy that combines boundary proximity with feature diversity,and a Support Vector Distillation Loss that enforces dual alignment in decision and semantic spaces.In addition,triple attention modules are incorporated into the feature extractor to enhance representation power.Extensive experiments on CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet demonstrate effective improvements.On CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet with 5 tasks,our method achieves 71.68%and 58.61%average accuracy,outperforming strong baselines by 3.34%and 2.05%.These advantages are consistently observed across different task splits,highlighting the robustness and generalization of the proposed approach.Beyond benchmark evaluations,the framework also shows potential in few-shot and resource-constrained applications such as edge computing and mobile robotics.
基金funded by Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Humanities and Social Sciences Research Fund Project(NYY222055)Special research project on teaching reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(GCSJG202528)+2 种基金General Subject of Educational Science Planning in Jiangsu Province(C/2024/01/76)General project of educational science research in Shanghai(C24288)Key funded project of Shandong Vocational Education Teaching Reform Research in 2022(2022052).
文摘Background:As an important indicator of subjective well-being(SWB),decent work is a key guarantee for the sustainable development of teachers and their psychological health and work quality.Faced with the rapid development of artificial intelligence and the global labor market,vocational college teachers are facing challenges such as workload pressure and limited career development,which may harm their well-being.This study aims to localize the measurement method of decent work in Chinese vocational education based on the theory of the Psychology of Working Theory,and explore the relationship mechanism between organizational support,career adaptability,decent work,and job satisfaction among vocational college teachers.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 422 HVCU teachers in China(202 male,220 female)using the localized Perceived Organizational Support Scale,Career Adaptability Scale,Decent Work Scale,and Job Satisfaction Scale.Results:The overall level of HVCU teachers’decent work was above the median(Mean=4.09,SD=0.69),laying a foundation for their SWB.Decent work significantly and positively predicted job satisfaction(β=0.620,p<0.001).Organizational support(r=0.58,p<0.001)and career adaptability(r=0.82,p<0.001)can positively affect decent work,and further improve job satisfaction(collective R2 rising from 38.3%to 41.1%).Bootstrap analysis confirmed these mediating effects were robust.Conclusions:This study confirms that the combined effects of organizational support and career adaptability can enhance decent work,further improving teachers’job satisfaction and subsequent subjective well-being.Besides,this study provides an empirical basis for improving the well-being of higher vocational teachers and the sustainable development of vocational education,and has practical significance for improving the teacher incentive policy.
文摘In recent decades,the proliferation of email communication has markedly escalated,resulting in a concomitant surge in spam emails that congest networks and presenting security risks.This study introduces an innovative spam detection method utilizing the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm(HHOA),designed for binary classification within multi⁃objective framework.The method proficiently identifies essential features,minimizing redundancy and improving classification precision.The suggested HHOA attained an impressive accuracy of 97.21%on the Kaggle email dataset,with precision of 94.30%,recall of 90.50%,and F1⁃score of 92.80%.Compared to conventional techniques,such as Support Vector Machine(93.89%accuracy),Random Forest(96.14%accuracy),and K⁃Nearest Neighbours(92.08%accuracy),HHOA exhibited enhanced performance with reduced computing complexity.The suggested method demonstrated enhanced feature selection efficiency,decreasing the number of selected features while maintaining high classification accuracy.The results underscore the efficacy of HHOA in spam identification and indicate its potential for further applications in practical email filtering systems.
