The topological pressure for subadditive sequence of discontinuous functions is defined on any invariant subset having a nested family of subsets in the compact metric space. Two subadditive variational principles ass...The topological pressure for subadditive sequence of discontinuous functions is defined on any invariant subset having a nested family of subsets in the compact metric space. Two subadditive variational principles associated with two different relatively weak conditions are developed for the defined topological pressure. As an application, we give an example on systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents.展开更多
In this paper, we characterize lower semi-continuous pseudo-convex functions f : X → R ∪ {+ ∞} on convex subset of real Banach spaces K ⊂ X with respect to the pseudo-monotonicity of its Clarke-Rockafellar Su...In this paper, we characterize lower semi-continuous pseudo-convex functions f : X → R ∪ {+ ∞} on convex subset of real Banach spaces K ⊂ X with respect to the pseudo-monotonicity of its Clarke-Rockafellar Sub-differential. We extend the results on the characterizations of non-smooth convex functions f : X → R ∪ {+ ∞} on convex subset of real Banach spaces K ⊂ X with respect to the monotonicity of its sub-differentials to the lower semi-continuous pseudo-convex functions on real Banach spaces.展开更多
In order to solve the problem of ambiguous acquisition of BOC signals caused by its property of multiple peaks,an unambiguous acquisition algorithm named reconstruction of sub cross-correlation cancellation technique(...In order to solve the problem of ambiguous acquisition of BOC signals caused by its property of multiple peaks,an unambiguous acquisition algorithm named reconstruction of sub cross-correlation cancellation technique(RSCCT)for BOC(kn,n)signals is proposed.In this paper,the principle of signal decomposition is combined with the traditional acquisition algorithm structure,and then based on the method of reconstructing the correlation function.The method firstly gets the sub-pseudorandom noise(PRN)code by decomposing the local PRN code,then uses BOC(kn,n)and the sub-PRN code cross-correlation to get the sub cross-correlation function.Finally,the correlation peak with a single peak is obtained by reconstructing the sub cross-correlation function so that the ambiguities of BOC acquisition are removed.The simulation shows that RSCCT can completely eliminate the side peaks of BOC(kn,n)group signals while maintaining the narrow correlation of BOC,and its computational complexity is equivalent to sub carrier phase cancellation(SCPC)and autocorrelation side-peak cancellation technique(ASPeCT),and it reduces the computational complexity relative to BPSK-like.For BOC(n,n),the acquisition sensitivity of RSCCT is 3.25 dB,0.81 dB and 0.25 dB higher than binary phase shift keying(BPSK)-like,SCPC and ASPeCT at the acquisition probability of 90%,respectively.The peak to average power ratio is 1.91,3.0 and 3.7 times higher than ASPeCT,SCPC and BPSK-like at SNR=–20 dB,respectively.For BOC(2n,n),the acquisition sensitivity of RSCCT is 5.5 dB,1.25 dB and 2.69 dB higher than BPSK-like,SCPC and ASPeCT at the acquisition probability of 90%,respectively.The peak to average power ratio is 1.02,1.68 and 2.12 times higher than ASPeCT,SCPC and BPSK-like at SNR=–20 dB,respectively.展开更多
In the present paper, we prove two theorems. In first theorem, we prove fixed point result for self-maps in the metric space under contractive condition of integral type by altering distance. In second result, we prov...In the present paper, we prove two theorems. In first theorem, we prove fixed point result for self-maps in the metric space under contractive condition of integral type by altering distance. In second result, we prove a unique common fixed point theorem by considering four sub compatible maps under a contractive condition of integral type.展开更多
The Melnikov method is important for detecting the presence of transverse homoclinic orbits and the occurrence of homoclinic bifurcations. Unfortunately, the traditional Melnikov methods strongly depend on small param...The Melnikov method is important for detecting the presence of transverse homoclinic orbits and the occurrence of homoclinic bifurcations. Unfortunately, the traditional Melnikov methods strongly depend on small parameters, which do not exist in most practical systems. Those methods are limited in dealing with the systems with strong nonlinearities. This paper presents a procedure to study the chaos and sub-harmonic resonance of strongly nonlinear practical systems by employing a homotopy method that is used to extend the Melnikov functions to the strongly nonlinear systems. Applied to a given example, the procedure shows the effectiveness via the comparison of the theoretical results and the numerical simulation.展开更多
In this article, authors begin with establishing representation formulas and properties for functions on Carnot groups. Then, some unique continuation results to solutions of sub-Laplace equations with potentials are ...In this article, authors begin with establishing representation formulas and properties for functions on Carnot groups. Then, some unique continuation results to solutions of sub-Laplace equations with potentials are proved.展开更多
Background: Long-standing varicocele is often associated with testicular hypoxia and that might worsen Leydig cell function, a significant risk factor for hypogonadism. This may affect both the secretory and endocrine...Background: Long-standing varicocele is often associated with testicular hypoxia and that might worsen Leydig cell function, a significant risk factor for hypogonadism. This may affect both the secretory and endocrine functions of the testis. This study aims to determine the effect of microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy on gonadal function among men reporting sexual dysfunction in Ghana. Methods: This was an intervention study conducted at the Tamale Teaching Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021. A total of 103 participants were randomized into two groups;the surgery group (n = 52) and the observed group (n = 51). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, varicocelectomy was performed for the surgery group, and no intervention was given to the other. Blood samples were subsequently collected at 12-, 24-, 36-, and 48-month intervals for assay of serum total testosterone, FSH, and LH. The data were analyzed in GraphPad Prism (v8.0) at an alpha value of 0.05. Results: All the participants had varicocele and were aged between 55.0 to 69.0 years old. At the baseline of the study, all participants presented with sexual dysfunction but a significant improvement (p Conclusions: Microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy improved gonadal function among varicocele patients reporting sexual dysfunction. It is recommended to use this choice for similar patients;however, these findings should be verified by a multi-institutional study to provide more evidence for this choice.展开更多
Pseudo-random sequences with long period, low correlation, high linear complexity, and uniform distribution of bit patterns are widely used in the field of information security and cryptography. This paper proposes an...Pseudo-random sequences with long period, low correlation, high linear complexity, and uniform distribution of bit patterns are widely used in the field of information security and cryptography. This paper proposes an approach for generating a pseudo-random multi-value sequence (including a binary sequence) by utilizing a primitive polynomial, trace function, and k-th power residue symbol over the sub extension field. All our previous sequences are defined over the prime field, whereas, proposed sequence in this paper is defined over the sub extension field. Thus, it’s a new and innovative perception to consider the sub extension field during the sequence generation procedure. By considering the sub extension field, two notable outcomes are: proposed sequence holds higher linear complexity and more uniform distribution of bit patterns compared to our previous work which defined over the prime field. Additionally, other important properties of the proposed multi-value sequence such as period, autocorrelation, and cross-correlation are theoretically shown along with some experimental results.展开更多
This paper investigates the finite-time H<sub>∞</sub> control problem of switched nonlinear systems via state-dependent switching and state feedback control. Unlike the existing approach based on time-dep...This paper investigates the finite-time H<sub>∞</sub> control problem of switched nonlinear systems via state-dependent switching and state feedback control. Unlike the existing approach based on time-dependent switching strategy, in which the switching instants must be given in advance, the state-dependent switching strategy is used to design switching signals. Based on multiple Lyapunov-like functions method, several criteria for switched nonlinear systems to be finite-time H<sub>∞</sub> control are derived. Finally, a numerical example with simulation results is provided to show the validity of the conclusions.展开更多
We developed energy profiles for the fractional quantized states both on the surface of electron due to overwhelming centrifugal potentials and inside the electron at different locations of the quantum well due to ove...We developed energy profiles for the fractional quantized states both on the surface of electron due to overwhelming centrifugal potentials and inside the electron at different locations of the quantum well due to overwhelming attractive electrodynamic potentials. The charge as a physical constant and single entity is taken as density and segments on their respective sub-quanta (floats on sub quanta) and hence the fractional charge quantiz at in. There is an integrated oscillatory effect which ties all fractional quantized states both on the surface and in the interior of the volume of an electron. The eigenfunctions, i.e., the energy profiles for the electron show the shape of a string or a quantum wire in which fractional quantized states are beaded. We followed an entirely different approach and indeed thesis to reproducing the eigenfunctions for the fractional quantized states for a single electron. We produced very fascinating mathematical formulas for all such cases by using Hermite and Laguerre polynomials, spherical based and Neumann functions and indeed asymptotic behavior of Bessel and Neumann functions. Our quantization theory is dealt in the momentum space.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10971100)supported by a grant from Postdoctoral Science Research Program of Jiangsu Province (0701049C)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessupported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)(2007CB814800)
文摘The topological pressure for subadditive sequence of discontinuous functions is defined on any invariant subset having a nested family of subsets in the compact metric space. Two subadditive variational principles associated with two different relatively weak conditions are developed for the defined topological pressure. As an application, we give an example on systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents.
文摘In this paper, we characterize lower semi-continuous pseudo-convex functions f : X → R ∪ {+ ∞} on convex subset of real Banach spaces K ⊂ X with respect to the pseudo-monotonicity of its Clarke-Rockafellar Sub-differential. We extend the results on the characterizations of non-smooth convex functions f : X → R ∪ {+ ∞} on convex subset of real Banach spaces K ⊂ X with respect to the monotonicity of its sub-differentials to the lower semi-continuous pseudo-convex functions on real Banach spaces.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(61561016 61861008+4 种基金 11603041)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Project(2018JJA170090)the Innovation Project of Guet Graduate Education(2018YJCX19 2018YJCX31)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation Technology and Application,Guilin University of Electronic Technology(DH201707)
文摘In order to solve the problem of ambiguous acquisition of BOC signals caused by its property of multiple peaks,an unambiguous acquisition algorithm named reconstruction of sub cross-correlation cancellation technique(RSCCT)for BOC(kn,n)signals is proposed.In this paper,the principle of signal decomposition is combined with the traditional acquisition algorithm structure,and then based on the method of reconstructing the correlation function.The method firstly gets the sub-pseudorandom noise(PRN)code by decomposing the local PRN code,then uses BOC(kn,n)and the sub-PRN code cross-correlation to get the sub cross-correlation function.Finally,the correlation peak with a single peak is obtained by reconstructing the sub cross-correlation function so that the ambiguities of BOC acquisition are removed.The simulation shows that RSCCT can completely eliminate the side peaks of BOC(kn,n)group signals while maintaining the narrow correlation of BOC,and its computational complexity is equivalent to sub carrier phase cancellation(SCPC)and autocorrelation side-peak cancellation technique(ASPeCT),and it reduces the computational complexity relative to BPSK-like.For BOC(n,n),the acquisition sensitivity of RSCCT is 3.25 dB,0.81 dB and 0.25 dB higher than binary phase shift keying(BPSK)-like,SCPC and ASPeCT at the acquisition probability of 90%,respectively.The peak to average power ratio is 1.91,3.0 and 3.7 times higher than ASPeCT,SCPC and BPSK-like at SNR=–20 dB,respectively.For BOC(2n,n),the acquisition sensitivity of RSCCT is 5.5 dB,1.25 dB and 2.69 dB higher than BPSK-like,SCPC and ASPeCT at the acquisition probability of 90%,respectively.The peak to average power ratio is 1.02,1.68 and 2.12 times higher than ASPeCT,SCPC and BPSK-like at SNR=–20 dB,respectively.
文摘In the present paper, we prove two theorems. In first theorem, we prove fixed point result for self-maps in the metric space under contractive condition of integral type by altering distance. In second result, we prove a unique common fixed point theorem by considering four sub compatible maps under a contractive condition of integral type.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10632040)
文摘The Melnikov method is important for detecting the presence of transverse homoclinic orbits and the occurrence of homoclinic bifurcations. Unfortunately, the traditional Melnikov methods strongly depend on small parameters, which do not exist in most practical systems. Those methods are limited in dealing with the systems with strong nonlinearities. This paper presents a procedure to study the chaos and sub-harmonic resonance of strongly nonlinear practical systems by employing a homotopy method that is used to extend the Melnikov functions to the strongly nonlinear systems. Applied to a given example, the procedure shows the effectiveness via the comparison of the theoretical results and the numerical simulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10871157)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(200806990032)Keji Chuangxin Jijin of Northwestern Polytechnical University(2007KJ01012)
文摘In this article, authors begin with establishing representation formulas and properties for functions on Carnot groups. Then, some unique continuation results to solutions of sub-Laplace equations with potentials are proved.
文摘Background: Long-standing varicocele is often associated with testicular hypoxia and that might worsen Leydig cell function, a significant risk factor for hypogonadism. This may affect both the secretory and endocrine functions of the testis. This study aims to determine the effect of microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy on gonadal function among men reporting sexual dysfunction in Ghana. Methods: This was an intervention study conducted at the Tamale Teaching Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021. A total of 103 participants were randomized into two groups;the surgery group (n = 52) and the observed group (n = 51). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, varicocelectomy was performed for the surgery group, and no intervention was given to the other. Blood samples were subsequently collected at 12-, 24-, 36-, and 48-month intervals for assay of serum total testosterone, FSH, and LH. The data were analyzed in GraphPad Prism (v8.0) at an alpha value of 0.05. Results: All the participants had varicocele and were aged between 55.0 to 69.0 years old. At the baseline of the study, all participants presented with sexual dysfunction but a significant improvement (p Conclusions: Microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy improved gonadal function among varicocele patients reporting sexual dysfunction. It is recommended to use this choice for similar patients;however, these findings should be verified by a multi-institutional study to provide more evidence for this choice.
文摘Pseudo-random sequences with long period, low correlation, high linear complexity, and uniform distribution of bit patterns are widely used in the field of information security and cryptography. This paper proposes an approach for generating a pseudo-random multi-value sequence (including a binary sequence) by utilizing a primitive polynomial, trace function, and k-th power residue symbol over the sub extension field. All our previous sequences are defined over the prime field, whereas, proposed sequence in this paper is defined over the sub extension field. Thus, it’s a new and innovative perception to consider the sub extension field during the sequence generation procedure. By considering the sub extension field, two notable outcomes are: proposed sequence holds higher linear complexity and more uniform distribution of bit patterns compared to our previous work which defined over the prime field. Additionally, other important properties of the proposed multi-value sequence such as period, autocorrelation, and cross-correlation are theoretically shown along with some experimental results.
文摘This paper investigates the finite-time H<sub>∞</sub> control problem of switched nonlinear systems via state-dependent switching and state feedback control. Unlike the existing approach based on time-dependent switching strategy, in which the switching instants must be given in advance, the state-dependent switching strategy is used to design switching signals. Based on multiple Lyapunov-like functions method, several criteria for switched nonlinear systems to be finite-time H<sub>∞</sub> control are derived. Finally, a numerical example with simulation results is provided to show the validity of the conclusions.
文摘We developed energy profiles for the fractional quantized states both on the surface of electron due to overwhelming centrifugal potentials and inside the electron at different locations of the quantum well due to overwhelming attractive electrodynamic potentials. The charge as a physical constant and single entity is taken as density and segments on their respective sub-quanta (floats on sub quanta) and hence the fractional charge quantiz at in. There is an integrated oscillatory effect which ties all fractional quantized states both on the surface and in the interior of the volume of an electron. The eigenfunctions, i.e., the energy profiles for the electron show the shape of a string or a quantum wire in which fractional quantized states are beaded. We followed an entirely different approach and indeed thesis to reproducing the eigenfunctions for the fractional quantized states for a single electron. We produced very fascinating mathematical formulas for all such cases by using Hermite and Laguerre polynomials, spherical based and Neumann functions and indeed asymptotic behavior of Bessel and Neumann functions. Our quantization theory is dealt in the momentum space.
