Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is a global public health issue.In 2021,537 million adults were diagnosed with T2D,corresponding to 10.5%of adults aged 20 and older.^(1)T2D increases the risks for morbidity,disability,and prematu...Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is a global public health issue.In 2021,537 million adults were diagnosed with T2D,corresponding to 10.5%of adults aged 20 and older.^(1)T2D increases the risks for morbidity,disability,and premature mortality,which increased by 3%between 2000 and 2019.2 Evidence is strong that maintaining a healthy diet,engaging in regular physical activity(PA),and preventing obesity can prevent or delay the incidence of T2D.展开更多
AIM：To evaluate the association between visual impairment（VI） and mental health or social engagement in older adults living in rural Thailand.METHODS：Data for this cross-sectional study were drawn from a community...AIM：To evaluate the association between visual impairment（VI） and mental health or social engagement in older adults living in rural Thailand.METHODS：Data for this cross-sectional study were drawn from a community survey conducted in 2015 in Saraburi Province,Thailand.Participants were 327 adults aged ≥50 y.VI was assessed using presenting distance visual acuity.Mental health and social engagement were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using validated questionnaires.After determining the prevalence of VI and relevant sociodemographic characteristics,multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of VI on mental health and social engagement.RESULTS：The prevalence of VI was 18.3%.Major causes were refractive error（58.3%） and cataract（35%）.Factors associated with VI in the crude analysis were：older age [odds ratio（OR） 8.08],unemployment（OR 2.72）,widowhood（OR 2.47）,being divorced/separated（OR 3.27）,smoking（OR 2.09） and disability in activities of daily living（OR 2.35）.Protective factors were undergoing eye screening at least once a year（P=0.029） and obesity（P=0.005）.VI was significantly associated with low social engagement（adjusted OR 4.13） but not with poor mental health（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION：Although VI older adults reported less participation in social activities,there is no significant association between VI and poor mental health.Annual eye examinations may prevent VI in older adults.Information about employment and anti-smoking should be targeted to older adults with VI.展开更多
Objective： Gastric cancer （GC） is one of the leading causes of death in China and other Asian countries. Recently, gastric endoscopy has become the main approach for GC screening, but the identification of high-ris...Objective： Gastric cancer （GC） is one of the leading causes of death in China and other Asian countries. Recently, gastric endoscopy has become the main approach for GC screening, but the identification of high-risk individuals remains a challenge in GC screening programs. Methods： There were 7,302 patients with chronic gastritis involved in this study. Endoscopic examinations were performed, and their demographic characteristics and lifestyle data were collected. Each possible associated factor of GC/premalignant and precursor lesions was evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Nomograms were used for visualization of those models, and receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis was used to present the predictive accuracy. Resu Its： We detected 8 （0.11% ） gastric adenocarcinomas, 17 （0.23 %） dysplasia cases, 14 （0.19%） hyperplasia cases, 52 （0.71%） intestinal metaplasia cases, 217 （2.97%） inflammatory lesions, 141 （1.93%） gastric ulcers, 10 （0.14%） atrophic gastritis cases, 1,365 （18.69%） erosive gastritis cases, and 5,957 （81.58%） superficial gastritis cases in 7,302 patients. The age （P〈0.001）, gender （P=0.086）, labor intensity （P=0.018） and leek food intake （P=0.143） were identified as independent predictive factors of GC/premalignant lesions possibility. The corresponding nomogram exhibited an area under the curve （AUC） [95% confidence interval （95% CI）] of 0.82 （0.74-0.89） for the modeling group and 0.80 （0.75-0.85） for the validation group. The age （P=0.002）, gender （P=0.024）, smoldng （P=0.002） and leek food intake （P=0.039） were independent predictive factors of precursor lesions possibility. The corresponding nomogram exhibited an AUC （95% CI） of 0.62 （0.60-0.65） for the modeling group and 0.61 （0.59-0.63） for the validation group. Conclusions： We identified several potential associated factors and provided a preclinical nomogram with the potential to predict the possibility of GC/premalignant and precursor lesions.展开更多
In this article, the authors hold that the evidence based medicine(EBM) is a new medical action produced at the historic moment in clinical practice, which is promoting development of the medicine and even the whole l...In this article, the authors hold that the evidence based medicine(EBM) is a new medical action produced at the historic moment in clinical practice, which is promoting development of the medicine and even the whole life science in a fully new train of thought and method. Further the briefly introduced contents are the effect of EBM, the difficulty of utilizing in the acupuncture clinical practice and how to resolve them. It is highly recommended that the doctors of the acupuncture science field should study EBM and its effect and difficulties in practice as earlier as possible, insistently assimilate new knowledge and keep abreast of the times’ progress to facilitate the further development of acupunctology.展开更多
In this paper, we study about a method to optimize the fused track quality in intelligence network of radar target fusion system, considering the role of people in the fusion system;we start to find ways to optimize t...In this paper, we study about a method to optimize the fused track quality in intelligence network of radar target fusion system, considering the role of people in the fusion system;we start to find ways to optimize the quality of the fused track, and adaptive smoothing method is proposed based on fuzzy theory. Tests show that this method can greatly improve the quality of the fused track system for battlefield reconnaissance provides high-quality, high-reliability battlefield.展开更多
Tetraiodofluorescein(TIF)and safranine T(ST)had great effects on the photovoltaic parameters of the cells.The Voc of the cells was about 3-5 times higher than that of the cells without TIK and ST,Isc increased 1 to 2 ...Tetraiodofluorescein(TIF)and safranine T(ST)had great effects on the photovoltaic parameters of the cells.The Voc of the cells was about 3-5 times higher than that of the cells without TIK and ST,Isc increased 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.The Voc and Isc could be increased greatly only when Voc and Isc of the cell with Pt as WE properly combined with the Voc and Isc produced by chla in the original cell.According to absorption spectra and output characters,the results were elucidated.展开更多
The AB-crosslinked polymers (i.e. ABCP) with polystyrene as chain A and vinyl group blocked prepolymers of polyurethanes (PU) as chain B were synthesized and studied. The results of dynamic mechanical spectrometry (DM...The AB-crosslinked polymers (i.e. ABCP) with polystyrene as chain A and vinyl group blocked prepolymers of polyurethanes (PU) as chain B were synthesized and studied. The results of dynamic mechanical spectrometry (DMS) show that the compatibility between the components A and B can be improved greatly through chemical crosslinking during the formation of ABCPs. This effect is especially pronounced when short chain prepolymers is chosen as one of the components. It is apparent that the degree of crosslinking between the two components plays a major role in determining their compatibility. Copolymerizafion of styrene with maleic anhydride in chain A can improve the compatibility and broaden the damping temperature range. Mechanical properties of the sythesized ABCPs were also studied.展开更多
This prospective study was designed to examine the combined influence of insulin resistance（IR）and inflammatory biomarker levels on type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）among 1,903Inner Mongolians.
Passive voice is a common linguistic phenomenon both in Chinese and in English, while it is used differently in each language system. This paper takes the grammar features of passive voice in both Chinese and English ...Passive voice is a common linguistic phenomenon both in Chinese and in English, while it is used differently in each language system. This paper takes the grammar features of passive voice in both Chinese and English as an example, collecting corpus data of passive voice in the two languages, to comparatively analyze the cultural difference reflected from the usage of languages. Getting to know this kind of cultural difference would help us to better understand linguistic phenomena in second language acquisition, and to master them better.展开更多
Objective Uterine leiomyoma is not a rare pathological condition in pregnant women;thus the aim of the study was to evaluate the recent progress in the treatment of these pregnant women on the basis of the association...Objective Uterine leiomyoma is not a rare pathological condition in pregnant women;thus the aim of the study was to evaluate the recent progress in the treatment of these pregnant women on the basis of the association of leiomyoma in pregnancy (LP) with pregnancy complications and birth outcomes including structural birth defects, i.e. congenital abnormalities (CA) in the offspring. Design Cases with CA and matched controls without CA in the population-based Hungarian Case-Control Surveillan- ce System of Congenital Abnormalities (HCC SCA) were evaluated. Only women with prospectively and medically recorded LP in prenatal maternity logbook and medically recorded birth outcomes (gestational age, birth weight, CA) were included to the study. Setting the HCCSCA, 1980-1996 contained 22,843 cases with CA and 38,151 matched controls without CA. Population Hungarian pregnant women and their informative offspring: live births, stillbirths and prenatally diagnosed malformed fetuses. Methods Comparison of birth outcomes of ca- ses with matched controls and pregnancy com- plications of pregnant women with or without LP. Main outcome measures Pregnancy complications, mean gestational age at delivery and birth weight, rate of preterm birth, low birthweight, CA. Results A total of 34 (0.15%) cases had mothers with LP compared to 71 (0.19%) controls. There was a higher incidence of threatened abortion, placental disorders, mainly abruption placentae and anaemia in mothers with LP. There was no significantly higher rate of preterm birth in the newborns of women with LP but their mean birth weight was higher and it associated with a higher rate of large birthweight newborns. A higher risk of total CA was not found in cases born to mothers with LP (adjusted OR with 95% CI = 0.7, 0.5-1.1), the spe- cified groups of CAs were also assessed versus controls, but a higher occurrence of women with LP was not revealed in any CA group. Con- clusions Women with LP have a higher risk of threatened abortion, placental disorders and anaemia, but a higher rate of adverse birth outcomes including CAs was not found in their offspring.展开更多
The use of "however" by Chinese learners' writing is studied through a comparison of its use in CLEC and in BROWN and found that "however" is overused in the front of a sentence,underused in th...The use of "however" by Chinese learners' writing is studied through a comparison of its use in CLEC and in BROWN and found that "however" is overused in the front of a sentence,underused in the middle of a sentence and misused as a disjunctive conjunction,as is followed by the analysis of three attributable factors,i.e.the writing style,confusion with "but" and negative L1 transfer.展开更多
AIM To elucidate the prevalence and risk of mortality of nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis(LC) patients with coronary artery disease(CAD).METHODS The study cohort included newly diagnosed nonalcoholic LC patients age ≥ 40...AIM To elucidate the prevalence and risk of mortality of nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis(LC) patients with coronary artery disease(CAD).METHODS The study cohort included newly diagnosed nonalcoholic LC patients age ≥ 40 years old without a diagnosis of CAD from 2006 until 2011 from a longitudinal health insurance database. The mean follow-up period for the study cohort was 1152 ± 633 d. The control cohort was matched by sex, age, residence, and index date. Hazard ratios(HRs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model and the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS After exclusion, a total of 3409 newly diagnosed nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients were identified from one million samples from the health insurance database. We found that CAD(5.1% vs 17.4%) and hyperlipidemia(20.6% vs 24.1%) were less prevalent in nonalcoholic LC patients than in normal subjects(all P < 0.001), whereas other comorbidities exhibited an increased prevalence. Among the comorbidities, chronic kidney disease exhibited the highest risk for mortality(adjusted HR(AHR) = 1.76; 95%CI: 1.55-2.00, P < 0.001). Ascites or peritonitis exhibited the highest risk of mortality among nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients(AHR = 2.34; 95%CI: 2.06-2.65, P < 0.001). Finally, a total of 170 patients developed CAD after a diagnosis of nonalcoholic LC. The AHR of CAD in nonalcoholic LC patients was 0.56(95%CI: 0.43-0.74, P < 0.001). The six-year survival rates for nonalcoholic LC patients with and without CAD were 52% and 50%, respectively(P = 0.012). CONCLUSION We conclude that CAD was less prevalent and associated with a reduced risk of mortality in nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients.展开更多
The focus of the study is to measure the level of awareness of Indigenous People on Climate Variation. It inquired into their observations and organizing strategy to cope with the early impacts of climate change on th...The focus of the study is to measure the level of awareness of Indigenous People on Climate Variation. It inquired into their observations and organizing strategy to cope with the early impacts of climate change on their socio-economic and cultural beliefs. The organization’s adaptation and mitigation practices to protect the environment are also discussed using as basis of analysis the multi-stakeholders framework of forest protection. The study documented and recognized the Indigenous Peoples contributions to the preservation and protection of forest resources in Caraballo mountain and a shift in paradigm to Indigenous People’s centered forest resources management is recommended.展开更多
Fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot (FBG F-P) cavity is used as the sensing model to measure the refractive index of the liquid solution. The cladding of the fiber, which is used as the F-P cavity, is etched by HF solutio...Fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot (FBG F-P) cavity is used as the sensing model to measure the refractive index of the liquid solution. The cladding of the fiber, which is used as the F-P cavity, is etched by HF solution to enhance the sensitivity to the external refractive index. The experimental results show that with the concentration change of the external solution, the effective refractive index of etched fiber will change, thus the spectra of FBG F-P cavity will appear a spilt point. The relationship be...展开更多
Objective To determine the prevalence of ocular trauma and the proportion of blindness and visua impairment due to trauma in a rural population in northern China. Methods The Handan Eye Study is a population-based cro...Objective To determine the prevalence of ocular trauma and the proportion of blindness and visua impairment due to trauma in a rural population in northern China. Methods The Handan Eye Study is a population-based cross-sectional study that surveyed 6830 Chinese people aged 30＋ years from 13 randomly selected villages in Yongnian County, city of Handan, Hebei Province, in July, 2006. All participants underwent a standardized interview and extensive examinations. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on ocular trauma. Results Of the 5837 participants who filled out the questionnaire, 124 subjects [2.1%; 95% confidence interval （CI）, 1.8%-2.5%] reported a history of ocular trauma in either eye, including 19 （0.3%） persons reporting trauma in both eyes. Men were more likely to have an eye injury than women [odds ratio （OR）, 3.3; 2.2-4.9]. In multiple logistic regression models, ocular trauma was significantly more frequent among normotensive participants when compared with hypertensive participants （hypertensive vs. normotensive＂ OR, 0.6; 0.4-0.9） and among participants who had a history of falls （OR, 2.4; 1.2-4.8）. The proportion of unilateral visual impairment and unilateral blindness due to trauma were 10.5% （13 subjects） and 21.0% （26 subjects）, respectively. Conclusion Our study reports the prevalence of severe ocular trauma among adults in rural China, revealing a high proportion of blindness and visual impairment due to trauma. These findings suggest the need for educational strategies to increase eye health awareness in this rural population with focus on providing at least appropriate first aid care to reduce blindness due to trauma.展开更多
We theoretically explore a non-Hermitian superfluid model with complex-valued interaction, inspired by two-body loss stemming from inelastic scattering observed in ultracold atomic experiments. Utilizing both the righ...We theoretically explore a non-Hermitian superfluid model with complex-valued interaction, inspired by two-body loss stemming from inelastic scattering observed in ultracold atomic experiments. Utilizing both the right-eigenstate-based mean-field theory and its biorthogonal counterpart, we study the properties of the system. Notably, the right-eigenstate-based framework produces smooth and continuous solutions, in stark contrast to the absence of nontrivial solutions and the abrupt discontinuities observed in the biorthogonal-eigenstatebased framework under moderate dissipation. In addition, the lower condensation energy obtained in the former framework suggests its superior suitability for describing this system. Furthermore, we explore the impact of backscattering, a crucial factor in realistic systems. Our analysis reveals that, facilitated by two-body loss, even moderate backscattering destabilizes the superfluid state. Sufficiently strong backscattering completely destroys it, highlighting a key mechanism for the fragility of this non-Hermitian quantum phase.展开更多
A novel optical fiber doped with nano material InP is manufactured by the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD). The slow light based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in the optical fiber is studied. The r...A novel optical fiber doped with nano material InP is manufactured by the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD). The slow light based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in the optical fiber is studied. The results show that a time delay of ~738 ps is obtained when the input Stokes pulse is 900 ps(FWHM) and the SBS gain is ~15. It shows that a considerable time delay and an amplification of the input light can be achieved by this novel optical fiber.展开更多
Recent advances in two-dimensional layered systems have greatly enriched electronic transport studies, particularly in inter-layer Coulomb drag research. Here, systematic transport measurements were conducted in graph...Recent advances in two-dimensional layered systems have greatly enriched electronic transport studies, particularly in inter-layer Coulomb drag research. Here, systematic transport measurements were conducted in graphene-based electronic double-layer structures, revealing giant yet reproducible drag fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures. These fluctuations' characteristics, including amplitude and peak/valley spacing, are mainly determined by the drag layer's carrier dynamics rather than the drive layer's, resulting in violation of the Onsager reciprocity relation. Notably, the drag fluctuations remain observable up to 35 K, far exceeding universal conductance fluctuations within individual layers. This suggests enhanced phase coherence in inter-layer drag compared to single-layer transport, as further confirmed by quantitative analysis of auto-correlation fields of fluctuations under magnetic fields. Our findings provide new insights into quantum interference effects and their interplay with Coulomb interactions in solids. The observations of significant drag fluctuations could potentially help address chaotic signals between nearby components in nanoscale devices.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to explore whether it is worthwhile to launch a routine diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening for blindness pre-vention among Chinese type 2 diabetes from different perspective based on the ...The purpose of this study is to explore whether it is worthwhile to launch a routine diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening for blindness pre-vention among Chinese type 2 diabetes from different perspective based on the popula-tion-based study in Kinmen, Taiwan. A total of 971 community dwelling adults previously di-agnosed with type 2 diabetes in 1991-1993 un-derwent DR screening in 1999-2002 by a panel of ophthalmologists using on-site indirect oph-thalmoscopy and 45-degree color fundus retinal photographs. The cost-benefit analysis is used to evaluate the DR screening. In terms of bene-fit-cost ratio, the different screening programs for DR could save New Taiwan Dollars (NTD) from 14.38 to 36.83 in discounted costs for each dollar incurred in different screening years from the societal viewpoint for Taiwan and save NTD from 0.81 to 1.80 in different screening years from health care payer’s perspective. The av-erage estimate of willingness-to-pay to translate into benefit yields NTD from 937.8 to 4,689 be- nefits per case due to DR screening in different screening years during 10-year follow-up. The net present value of the DR screening were NTD from -167,318 to -307,251.2 in different screening years. In conclusion, it is worthwhile to initial a routine DR screening of Chinese type 2 diabetes for blindness prevention from the societal per-spective but not from consumer decision based on the willingness-to-pay perspective.展开更多
文摘Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is a global public health issue.In 2021,537 million adults were diagnosed with T2D,corresponding to 10.5%of adults aged 20 and older.^(1)T2D increases the risks for morbidity,disability,and premature mortality,which increased by 3%between 2000 and 2019.2 Evidence is strong that maintaining a healthy diet,engaging in regular physical activity(PA),and preventing obesity can prevent or delay the incidence of T2D.
文摘AIM：To evaluate the association between visual impairment（VI） and mental health or social engagement in older adults living in rural Thailand.METHODS：Data for this cross-sectional study were drawn from a community survey conducted in 2015 in Saraburi Province,Thailand.Participants were 327 adults aged ≥50 y.VI was assessed using presenting distance visual acuity.Mental health and social engagement were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using validated questionnaires.After determining the prevalence of VI and relevant sociodemographic characteristics,multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of VI on mental health and social engagement.RESULTS：The prevalence of VI was 18.3%.Major causes were refractive error（58.3%） and cataract（35%）.Factors associated with VI in the crude analysis were：older age [odds ratio（OR） 8.08],unemployment（OR 2.72）,widowhood（OR 2.47）,being divorced/separated（OR 3.27）,smoking（OR 2.09） and disability in activities of daily living（OR 2.35）.Protective factors were undergoing eye screening at least once a year（P=0.029） and obesity（P=0.005）.VI was significantly associated with low social engagement（adjusted OR 4.13） but not with poor mental health（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION：Although VI older adults reported less participation in social activities,there is no significant association between VI and poor mental health.Annual eye examinations may prevent VI in older adults.Information about employment and anti-smoking should be targeted to older adults with VI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81302160 and 81272447)Beijing Natural Science Foundation ProgramScientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(Grant No.KZ201410025024)
文摘Objective： Gastric cancer （GC） is one of the leading causes of death in China and other Asian countries. Recently, gastric endoscopy has become the main approach for GC screening, but the identification of high-risk individuals remains a challenge in GC screening programs. Methods： There were 7,302 patients with chronic gastritis involved in this study. Endoscopic examinations were performed, and their demographic characteristics and lifestyle data were collected. Each possible associated factor of GC/premalignant and precursor lesions was evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Nomograms were used for visualization of those models, and receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis was used to present the predictive accuracy. Resu Its： We detected 8 （0.11% ） gastric adenocarcinomas, 17 （0.23 %） dysplasia cases, 14 （0.19%） hyperplasia cases, 52 （0.71%） intestinal metaplasia cases, 217 （2.97%） inflammatory lesions, 141 （1.93%） gastric ulcers, 10 （0.14%） atrophic gastritis cases, 1,365 （18.69%） erosive gastritis cases, and 5,957 （81.58%） superficial gastritis cases in 7,302 patients. The age （P〈0.001）, gender （P=0.086）, labor intensity （P=0.018） and leek food intake （P=0.143） were identified as independent predictive factors of GC/premalignant lesions possibility. The corresponding nomogram exhibited an area under the curve （AUC） [95% confidence interval （95% CI）] of 0.82 （0.74-0.89） for the modeling group and 0.80 （0.75-0.85） for the validation group. The age （P=0.002）, gender （P=0.024）, smoldng （P=0.002） and leek food intake （P=0.039） were independent predictive factors of precursor lesions possibility. The corresponding nomogram exhibited an AUC （95% CI） of 0.62 （0.60-0.65） for the modeling group and 0.61 （0.59-0.63） for the validation group. Conclusions： We identified several potential associated factors and provided a preclinical nomogram with the potential to predict the possibility of GC/premalignant and precursor lesions.
文摘In this article, the authors hold that the evidence based medicine(EBM) is a new medical action produced at the historic moment in clinical practice, which is promoting development of the medicine and even the whole life science in a fully new train of thought and method. Further the briefly introduced contents are the effect of EBM, the difficulty of utilizing in the acupuncture clinical practice and how to resolve them. It is highly recommended that the doctors of the acupuncture science field should study EBM and its effect and difficulties in practice as earlier as possible, insistently assimilate new knowledge and keep abreast of the times’ progress to facilitate the further development of acupunctology.
文摘In this paper, we study about a method to optimize the fused track quality in intelligence network of radar target fusion system, considering the role of people in the fusion system;we start to find ways to optimize the quality of the fused track, and adaptive smoothing method is proposed based on fuzzy theory. Tests show that this method can greatly improve the quality of the fused track system for battlefield reconnaissance provides high-quality, high-reliability battlefield.
文摘Tetraiodofluorescein(TIF)and safranine T(ST)had great effects on the photovoltaic parameters of the cells.The Voc of the cells was about 3-5 times higher than that of the cells without TIK and ST,Isc increased 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.The Voc and Isc could be increased greatly only when Voc and Isc of the cell with Pt as WE properly combined with the Voc and Isc produced by chla in the original cell.According to absorption spectra and output characters,the results were elucidated.
文摘The AB-crosslinked polymers (i.e. ABCP) with polystyrene as chain A and vinyl group blocked prepolymers of polyurethanes (PU) as chain B were synthesized and studied. The results of dynamic mechanical spectrometry (DMS) show that the compatibility between the components A and B can be improved greatly through chemical crosslinking during the formation of ABCPs. This effect is especially pronounced when short chain prepolymers is chosen as one of the components. It is apparent that the degree of crosslinking between the two components plays a major role in determining their compatibility. Copolymerizafion of styrene with maleic anhydride in chain A can improve the compatibility and broaden the damping temperature range. Mechanical properties of the sythesized ABCPs were also studied.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.81773509][Grant No.81102190]
文摘This prospective study was designed to examine the combined influence of insulin resistance（IR）and inflammatory biomarker levels on type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）among 1,903Inner Mongolians.
文摘Passive voice is a common linguistic phenomenon both in Chinese and in English, while it is used differently in each language system. This paper takes the grammar features of passive voice in both Chinese and English as an example, collecting corpus data of passive voice in the two languages, to comparatively analyze the cultural difference reflected from the usage of languages. Getting to know this kind of cultural difference would help us to better understand linguistic phenomena in second language acquisition, and to master them better.
文摘Objective Uterine leiomyoma is not a rare pathological condition in pregnant women;thus the aim of the study was to evaluate the recent progress in the treatment of these pregnant women on the basis of the association of leiomyoma in pregnancy (LP) with pregnancy complications and birth outcomes including structural birth defects, i.e. congenital abnormalities (CA) in the offspring. Design Cases with CA and matched controls without CA in the population-based Hungarian Case-Control Surveillan- ce System of Congenital Abnormalities (HCC SCA) were evaluated. Only women with prospectively and medically recorded LP in prenatal maternity logbook and medically recorded birth outcomes (gestational age, birth weight, CA) were included to the study. Setting the HCCSCA, 1980-1996 contained 22,843 cases with CA and 38,151 matched controls without CA. Population Hungarian pregnant women and their informative offspring: live births, stillbirths and prenatally diagnosed malformed fetuses. Methods Comparison of birth outcomes of ca- ses with matched controls and pregnancy com- plications of pregnant women with or without LP. Main outcome measures Pregnancy complications, mean gestational age at delivery and birth weight, rate of preterm birth, low birthweight, CA. Results A total of 34 (0.15%) cases had mothers with LP compared to 71 (0.19%) controls. There was a higher incidence of threatened abortion, placental disorders, mainly abruption placentae and anaemia in mothers with LP. There was no significantly higher rate of preterm birth in the newborns of women with LP but their mean birth weight was higher and it associated with a higher rate of large birthweight newborns. A higher risk of total CA was not found in cases born to mothers with LP (adjusted OR with 95% CI = 0.7, 0.5-1.1), the spe- cified groups of CAs were also assessed versus controls, but a higher occurrence of women with LP was not revealed in any CA group. Con- clusions Women with LP have a higher risk of threatened abortion, placental disorders and anaemia, but a higher rate of adverse birth outcomes including CAs was not found in their offspring.
文摘The use of "however" by Chinese learners' writing is studied through a comparison of its use in CLEC and in BROWN and found that "however" is overused in the front of a sentence,underused in the middle of a sentence and misused as a disjunctive conjunction,as is followed by the analysis of three attributable factors,i.e.the writing style,confusion with "but" and negative L1 transfer.
基金Supported by Chung Shan Medical University Hospital,Taichung,Taiwan,No.CSH-2013-C-032
文摘AIM To elucidate the prevalence and risk of mortality of nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis(LC) patients with coronary artery disease(CAD).METHODS The study cohort included newly diagnosed nonalcoholic LC patients age ≥ 40 years old without a diagnosis of CAD from 2006 until 2011 from a longitudinal health insurance database. The mean follow-up period for the study cohort was 1152 ± 633 d. The control cohort was matched by sex, age, residence, and index date. Hazard ratios(HRs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model and the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS After exclusion, a total of 3409 newly diagnosed nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients were identified from one million samples from the health insurance database. We found that CAD(5.1% vs 17.4%) and hyperlipidemia(20.6% vs 24.1%) were less prevalent in nonalcoholic LC patients than in normal subjects(all P < 0.001), whereas other comorbidities exhibited an increased prevalence. Among the comorbidities, chronic kidney disease exhibited the highest risk for mortality(adjusted HR(AHR) = 1.76; 95%CI: 1.55-2.00, P < 0.001). Ascites or peritonitis exhibited the highest risk of mortality among nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients(AHR = 2.34; 95%CI: 2.06-2.65, P < 0.001). Finally, a total of 170 patients developed CAD after a diagnosis of nonalcoholic LC. The AHR of CAD in nonalcoholic LC patients was 0.56(95%CI: 0.43-0.74, P < 0.001). The six-year survival rates for nonalcoholic LC patients with and without CAD were 52% and 50%, respectively(P = 0.012). CONCLUSION We conclude that CAD was less prevalent and associated with a reduced risk of mortality in nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients.
文摘The focus of the study is to measure the level of awareness of Indigenous People on Climate Variation. It inquired into their observations and organizing strategy to cope with the early impacts of climate change on their socio-economic and cultural beliefs. The organization’s adaptation and mitigation practices to protect the environment are also discussed using as basis of analysis the multi-stakeholders framework of forest protection. The study documented and recognized the Indigenous Peoples contributions to the preservation and protection of forest resources in Caraballo mountain and a shift in paradigm to Indigenous People’s centered forest resources management is recommended.
基金supported by the National Nature Scien- ce Foundation of China (Grant No.60672015).
文摘Fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot (FBG F-P) cavity is used as the sensing model to measure the refractive index of the liquid solution. The cladding of the fiber, which is used as the F-P cavity, is etched by HF solution to enhance the sensitivity to the external refractive index. The experimental results show that with the concentration change of the external solution, the effective refractive index of etched fiber will change, thus the spectra of FBG F-P cavity will appear a spilt point. The relationship be...
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)grant 2007CB512201 from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China+2 种基金the Program of Health Policy for Blindness Prevention from the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of Chinapartially funded by the Key Technologies R&D Program.No.2006-10903 from the Bureau of Science and Technology of Handan City,Hebei Province,Chinaprovided from Beijing Tongren Hospital and a key discipline fund from the Bureau of Health,city of Handan,Hebei Province,China
文摘Objective To determine the prevalence of ocular trauma and the proportion of blindness and visua impairment due to trauma in a rural population in northern China. Methods The Handan Eye Study is a population-based cross-sectional study that surveyed 6830 Chinese people aged 30＋ years from 13 randomly selected villages in Yongnian County, city of Handan, Hebei Province, in July, 2006. All participants underwent a standardized interview and extensive examinations. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on ocular trauma. Results Of the 5837 participants who filled out the questionnaire, 124 subjects [2.1%; 95% confidence interval （CI）, 1.8%-2.5%] reported a history of ocular trauma in either eye, including 19 （0.3%） persons reporting trauma in both eyes. Men were more likely to have an eye injury than women [odds ratio （OR）, 3.3; 2.2-4.9]. In multiple logistic regression models, ocular trauma was significantly more frequent among normotensive participants when compared with hypertensive participants （hypertensive vs. normotensive＂ OR, 0.6; 0.4-0.9） and among participants who had a history of falls （OR, 2.4; 1.2-4.8）. The proportion of unilateral visual impairment and unilateral blindness due to trauma were 10.5% （13 subjects） and 21.0% （26 subjects）, respectively. Conclusion Our study reports the prevalence of severe ocular trauma among adults in rural China, revealing a high proportion of blindness and visual impairment due to trauma. These findings suggest the need for educational strategies to increase eye health awareness in this rural population with focus on providing at least appropriate first aid care to reduce blindness due to trauma.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2024YFA1409001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos.12374037 and 12204044)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDB28000000)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘We theoretically explore a non-Hermitian superfluid model with complex-valued interaction, inspired by two-body loss stemming from inelastic scattering observed in ultracold atomic experiments. Utilizing both the right-eigenstate-based mean-field theory and its biorthogonal counterpart, we study the properties of the system. Notably, the right-eigenstate-based framework produces smooth and continuous solutions, in stark contrast to the absence of nontrivial solutions and the abrupt discontinuities observed in the biorthogonal-eigenstatebased framework under moderate dissipation. In addition, the lower condensation energy obtained in the former framework suggests its superior suitability for describing this system. Furthermore, we explore the impact of backscattering, a crucial factor in realistic systems. Our analysis reveals that, facilitated by two-body loss, even moderate backscattering destabilizes the superfluid state. Sufficiently strong backscattering completely destroys it, highlighting a key mechanism for the fragility of this non-Hermitian quantum phase.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (No.60871082 and 60544002).
文摘A novel optical fiber doped with nano material InP is manufactured by the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD). The slow light based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in the optical fiber is studied. The results show that a time delay of ~738 ps is obtained when the input Stokes pulse is 900 ps(FWHM) and the SBS gain is ~15. It shows that a considerable time delay and an amplification of the input light can be achieved by this novel optical fiber.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12474051 and 92165201)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant No.YSBR-046)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2023YFA1406300)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos.2308085J11 and2308085QA14)。
文摘Recent advances in two-dimensional layered systems have greatly enriched electronic transport studies, particularly in inter-layer Coulomb drag research. Here, systematic transport measurements were conducted in graphene-based electronic double-layer structures, revealing giant yet reproducible drag fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures. These fluctuations' characteristics, including amplitude and peak/valley spacing, are mainly determined by the drag layer's carrier dynamics rather than the drive layer's, resulting in violation of the Onsager reciprocity relation. Notably, the drag fluctuations remain observable up to 35 K, far exceeding universal conductance fluctuations within individual layers. This suggests enhanced phase coherence in inter-layer drag compared to single-layer transport, as further confirmed by quantitative analysis of auto-correlation fields of fluctuations under magnetic fields. Our findings provide new insights into quantum interference effects and their interplay with Coulomb interactions in solids. The observations of significant drag fluctuations could potentially help address chaotic signals between nearby components in nanoscale devices.
文摘The purpose of this study is to explore whether it is worthwhile to launch a routine diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening for blindness pre-vention among Chinese type 2 diabetes from different perspective based on the popula-tion-based study in Kinmen, Taiwan. A total of 971 community dwelling adults previously di-agnosed with type 2 diabetes in 1991-1993 un-derwent DR screening in 1999-2002 by a panel of ophthalmologists using on-site indirect oph-thalmoscopy and 45-degree color fundus retinal photographs. The cost-benefit analysis is used to evaluate the DR screening. In terms of bene-fit-cost ratio, the different screening programs for DR could save New Taiwan Dollars (NTD) from 14.38 to 36.83 in discounted costs for each dollar incurred in different screening years from the societal viewpoint for Taiwan and save NTD from 0.81 to 1.80 in different screening years from health care payer’s perspective. The av-erage estimate of willingness-to-pay to translate into benefit yields NTD from 937.8 to 4,689 be- nefits per case due to DR screening in different screening years during 10-year follow-up. The net present value of the DR screening were NTD from -167,318 to -307,251.2 in different screening years. In conclusion, it is worthwhile to initial a routine DR screening of Chinese type 2 diabetes for blindness prevention from the societal per-spective but not from consumer decision based on the willingness-to-pay perspective.
