Curing temperature significantly affects the pozzolanic reaction kinetics of phosphorous slag(PS),thereby governing the early-age(7 d)hydration behavior of PS composite binders at 20,30,and 60℃.The Krstulovic-Dabic k...Curing temperature significantly affects the pozzolanic reaction kinetics of phosphorous slag(PS),thereby governing the early-age(7 d)hydration behavior of PS composite binders at 20,30,and 60℃.The Krstulovic-Dabic kinetic model was applied to identify three characteristic processes:nucleation and growth(NG),phase boundary interaction(I),and diffusion(D).Control mixtures containing inert quartz powder with comparable particle size distributions were prepared for comparison.Pore characteristics of hardened PS pastes at different temperatures were analyzed via mercury intrusion porosimetry,while hydration products were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD)and thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DTG).The experimental results indicate that the retarding effect of PS on early cement hydration outweighs its accelerating effect,attributed to the combined influence of nucleation and dilution,with retardation decreasing as temperature increases.PS exhibits early reactivity and continuously consumes calcium hydroxide through the pozzolanic reaction,as evidenced by stable phase assemblages accompanied by reduced CH content in XRD and TG-DTG analyses.At 20℃,increasing PS content maintains the NG→I→D mechanism but slows reaction rates across all stages.Elevated temperatures significantly accelerate the NG process,shifting the dominant mechanism from NG toward D.Simultaneously,enhanced PS reactivity contributes to a refined pore structure and improved compressive strength.展开更多
he present paper covers the synthesis,crystal structure and thermodecom-position kinetics of bis [(3-methoxysalicylal )-ethanolamine] copper (Ⅱ) complex.X-ray diffraction determination gave the following crystal data...he present paper covers the synthesis,crystal structure and thermodecom-position kinetics of bis [(3-methoxysalicylal )-ethanolamine] copper (Ⅱ) complex.X-ray diffraction determination gave the following crystal data: triclinic system.space group P1,Z=2.a = 0. 884 1 ( 4 ) .b =1.0773 (2), c = 1 . 1 32 1 (3) nm . α=70. 38(1),β= 70.70(2).γ=78.29 ( 2)°.The final agreement factors were R =0. 075, R_w= 0. 067, respectively.Investigation on non-isothermal kinetics of thecomplex favored second order kinetics. The kinetic equation is expressed as: da/dt= A × e ￣(-E/RT)×(1 -α)￣2 .展开更多
The structure of a room temperature asymmetrical dicationic ionic liquid （ADIL）, 1-（pyridinium-l-yl） propane- （1-methylpiperidinium） bi[bis（tfifluoromethanesulfonyl）imide] （[PyC3Pi][NTf2]2）, was studied by t...The structure of a room temperature asymmetrical dicationic ionic liquid （ADIL）, 1-（pyridinium-l-yl） propane- （1-methylpiperidinium） bi[bis（tfifluoromethanesulfonyl）imide] （[PyC3Pi][NTf2]2）, was studied by the X-ray difo fraction method. Meanwhile, thermal analysis of [PyC3Pi][NTf2]2 was also studied using non-isothermal thermo- gravimetric analysis （TGA）. The title crystal belongs to the triclinic with space group Pi and unit-cell parameters a ： 0.95217 （8） nm, b = 1.05129 （11 ） nm, c = 1.70523 （14） nm, ct = 89,759 （8）°,β = 80.657 （7）°, γ=68.007 （9）°, and F（000） = 792. Thermal stability and thermal decomposition kinetics of the title compound were also investigated using TGA under the atmosphere of highly pure nitrogen. Heating curves at different rates were cor- related with kinetic equations Friedman and ASTM （also called iso-conversion method）. The values of average activation E （kJ·mol^-1 ） and pre-exponential constant lgA are 149.58 kJ. mol- 1 and 8.83, respectively, which were obtained by the two methods. The kinetic model function, activation energy and pre-exponential constant of this reaction using the multivariate non-linear-regression method were f（a） = （1 -a）（1 ＋ 4.1870a）, 151.04 kJ·mol^-1 and 8.81, respectively, which were basically consistent with iso-conversion methods.展开更多
In order to improve the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the M2Nitype alloy, the elements Cu and Nd were added in the alloy. The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys with the composi...In order to improve the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the M2Nitype alloy, the elements Cu and Nd were added in the alloy. The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys with the composition of（Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx（x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20） were prepared by melt spinning technology. The effects of Nd content on the structures and hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys were investigated. The characterization by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） reveals that all the as-cast alloys hold multiphase structures, containing Mg2Ni-type major phase as well as some secondary phases Mg6Ni, Nd5Mg41, and Nd Ni, whose amounts clearly grow with increasing Nd content. Furthermore, the as-spun Nd-free alloy displays an entire nanocrystalline structure, whereas the as-spun Nd-added alloys hold a mixed structure of nanocrystalline and amorphous structure and the amorphization degree of the alloys visibly increases with the rising of the Nd content, suggesting that the addition of Nd facilitates the glass forming in the Mg2Ni-type alloy. The measurement of the hydrogen storage kinetics indicates that the addition of Nd significantly improves the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys. The addition of Nd enhances the diffusion ability of hydrogen atoms in the alloy, but it impairs the charge-transfer reaction on the surface of the alloy electrode, which makes the high rate discharge ability（HRD） of the alloy electrode fi rst mount up and then go down with the growing of Nd content.展开更多
The structure of aggregation state and isothermal crystallization behavior of Nylon-1010 have been studied by WAXD, DSE, Variance-Range Function and density measurement. The results show that crystallization of Nylon-...The structure of aggregation state and isothermal crystallization behavior of Nylon-1010 have been studied by WAXD, DSE, Variance-Range Function and density measurement. The results show that crystallization of Nylon-1010 has the most suitable annealing temperature, the crystals of the Nxlon-1010 are two-dimension heterogeneous nucleation. Both low treatment temperature and high crystallization te, temperature are disadvantageous for Nylon-1010 crystal growth.展开更多
LaMgNi（4-x）Cox（x = 0-0.8） electrode alloys used for MH/Ni batteries were prepared by induction melting. The structures and electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of the alloys were investigated in detail.X-ra...LaMgNi（4-x）Cox（x = 0-0.8） electrode alloys used for MH/Ni batteries were prepared by induction melting. The structures and electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of the alloys were investigated in detail.X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） analysis show that LaMgNi4 phase and LaNi5 phase are obtained. The lattice parameters of the two phases increase first and then decrease with Co content increasing.The electrochemical properties of the alloy electrodes were measured by means of simulated battery tests. Results show that the addition of Co does not change the discharge voltage plateau of the alloy electrodes. However, the maximum discharge capacity increases from 319.9 mAh·g^-1（x = 0）to 347.5 mAh·g^-1（x = 0.4） and then decreases to331.7 mAh·g^-1（x = 0.8）. The effects of Co content on electrochemical kinetics of the alloy electrodes were also performed. The high rate dischargeability（HRD） first increases and then decreases with Co content increasing and reaches the maximum value（95.0 %） when x = 0.4. Test results of the electrochemical impedance spectra（EIS）,potentiodynamic polarization curves and constant potential step measurements of the alloy electrodes all demonstrate that when Co content is 0.4 at%, the alloy exhibits the best comprehensive electrochemical properties.展开更多
The asymmetrical structure of typhoon-induced ocean eddies（TIOEs） in the East China Sea（including the Yellow Sea）and the accompanying air–sea interaction are studied using reanalysis products. Thirteen TIOEs are ...The asymmetrical structure of typhoon-induced ocean eddies（TIOEs） in the East China Sea（including the Yellow Sea）and the accompanying air–sea interaction are studied using reanalysis products. Thirteen TIOEs are analyzed and divided into three groups with the k-prototype method： Group A with typhoons passing through the central Yellow Sea; Group B with typhoons re-entering the sea from the western Yellow Sea after landing on continental China; and Group C with typhoons occurring across the eastern Yellow Sea near to the Korean Peninsula. The study region is divided into three zones（Zones Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ） according to water depth and the Kuroshio position. The TIOEs in Group A are the strongest and could reverse part of the Kuroshio stream, while TIOEs in the other two groups are easily deformed by topography. The strong currents of the TIOEs impact on the latent heat flux distribution and upward transport, which facilitates the typhoon development. The strong divergence within the TIOEs favors an upwelling-induced cooling. A typical TIOE analysis shows that the intensity of the upwelling of TIOEs is proportional to the water depth, but its magnitude is weaker than the upwelling induced by the topography. In Zones Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the vertical dimensions of TIOEs and their strong currents are much less than the water depths.In shallow water Zone Ⅲ, a reversed circulation appears in the lower layer. The strong currents can lead to a greater, faster,and deeper energy transfer downwards than at the center of TIOEs.展开更多
Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel＇dovich （kSZ） stacking has great potential to become a powerful probe of missing baryons, due to advances in CMB experiments and galaxy surveys. In this paper, we study kSZ stacking in hydrodynam...Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel＇dovich （kSZ） stacking has great potential to become a powerful probe of missing baryons, due to advances in CMB experiments and galaxy surveys. In this paper, we study kSZ stacking in hydrodynamic simulations with different gastrophysics. We quantify the kSZ stacking signal as a function of halo mass, redshift and projection depth. We compare between different simulations to estimate the impact of gastrophysics such as cooling and supernova feedback. Furthermore, we measure the contribution from warm-hot intergalactic medium （WHIM）, which is believed to be the reservoir for most, if not all, missing baryons. We find that the WHIM contribution is significant, at the level of ~ 10%-70%, depending on the angular separation from the stacked halos and other factors. However, contribution from the intracluster medium along the line of sight is in general non-negligible. This complexity requires more detailed and comprehensive analysis on probing the missing baryons with kSZ stacking.展开更多
The new organic-inorganic compound, [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl was synthesized and its structure was determined at room temperature in the triclinic system （P^-1） with the following parameters： a = 10.5330（11...The new organic-inorganic compound, [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl was synthesized and its structure was determined at room temperature in the triclinic system （P^-1） with the following parameters： a = 10.5330（11） ？, b = 10.6663（11） ？, c = 15.9751（16）？, α = 82.090（2）°, β = 71.193（2）°, γ = 68.284（2）°and Z = 2. The final cycle of refinement led to R = 0.057 and Rw = 0.149. The crystal structure was stabilized by an extensive network of N--H···Cl and non-classical C--H···Cl hydrogen bonds between the cation and the anionic group. Several thermal analysis techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetric analysis and evolved gas analysis were used. We used isoconversional kinetics methods to determine the kinetics parameters. We observe that the decomposition of [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl entails the formation hydrochloric acid of nitroaniline as volatiles. The infrared spectra were recorded in the4000–400 cm^（-1）frequency region. The Raman spectra were recorded in the external region of the anionic sublattice vibration 50–1500 cm^（-1）. The optical band gap was calculated from the UV-Vis absorbance spectra using classical Tauc relation which was found to be 3.12 and 3.67 eV.展开更多
基金Funded by the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program(No.2025YFNZH0022)the Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Program(No.2025-YF11-00003-HZ)。
文摘Curing temperature significantly affects the pozzolanic reaction kinetics of phosphorous slag(PS),thereby governing the early-age(7 d)hydration behavior of PS composite binders at 20,30,and 60℃.The Krstulovic-Dabic kinetic model was applied to identify three characteristic processes:nucleation and growth(NG),phase boundary interaction(I),and diffusion(D).Control mixtures containing inert quartz powder with comparable particle size distributions were prepared for comparison.Pore characteristics of hardened PS pastes at different temperatures were analyzed via mercury intrusion porosimetry,while hydration products were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD)and thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DTG).The experimental results indicate that the retarding effect of PS on early cement hydration outweighs its accelerating effect,attributed to the combined influence of nucleation and dilution,with retardation decreasing as temperature increases.PS exhibits early reactivity and continuously consumes calcium hydroxide through the pozzolanic reaction,as evidenced by stable phase assemblages accompanied by reduced CH content in XRD and TG-DTG analyses.At 20℃,increasing PS content maintains the NG→I→D mechanism but slows reaction rates across all stages.Elevated temperatures significantly accelerate the NG process,shifting the dominant mechanism from NG toward D.Simultaneously,enhanced PS reactivity contributes to a refined pore structure and improved compressive strength.
文摘he present paper covers the synthesis,crystal structure and thermodecom-position kinetics of bis [(3-methoxysalicylal )-ethanolamine] copper (Ⅱ) complex.X-ray diffraction determination gave the following crystal data: triclinic system.space group P1,Z=2.a = 0. 884 1 ( 4 ) .b =1.0773 (2), c = 1 . 1 32 1 (3) nm . α=70. 38(1),β= 70.70(2).γ=78.29 ( 2)°.The final agreement factors were R =0. 075, R_w= 0. 067, respectively.Investigation on non-isothermal kinetics of thecomplex favored second order kinetics. The kinetic equation is expressed as: da/dt= A × e ￣(-E/RT)×(1 -α)￣2 .
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21176228)the National Key Technology Support Program of China(2013BAC01B04)the Science and Technology Research Projects of Zhengzhou City(141PQYJS555)
文摘The structure of a room temperature asymmetrical dicationic ionic liquid （ADIL）, 1-（pyridinium-l-yl） propane- （1-methylpiperidinium） bi[bis（tfifluoromethanesulfonyl）imide] （[PyC3Pi][NTf2]2）, was studied by the X-ray difo fraction method. Meanwhile, thermal analysis of [PyC3Pi][NTf2]2 was also studied using non-isothermal thermo- gravimetric analysis （TGA）. The title crystal belongs to the triclinic with space group Pi and unit-cell parameters a ： 0.95217 （8） nm, b = 1.05129 （11 ） nm, c = 1.70523 （14） nm, ct = 89,759 （8）°,β = 80.657 （7）°, γ=68.007 （9）°, and F（000） = 792. Thermal stability and thermal decomposition kinetics of the title compound were also investigated using TGA under the atmosphere of highly pure nitrogen. Heating curves at different rates were cor- related with kinetic equations Friedman and ASTM （also called iso-conversion method）. The values of average activation E （kJ·mol^-1 ） and pre-exponential constant lgA are 149.58 kJ. mol- 1 and 8.83, respectively, which were obtained by the two methods. The kinetic model function, activation energy and pre-exponential constant of this reaction using the multivariate non-linear-regression method were f（a） = （1 -a）（1 ＋ 4.1870a）, 151.04 kJ·mol^-1 and 8.81, respectively, which were basically consistent with iso-conversion methods.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.51161015 and 51371094)
文摘In order to improve the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the M2Nitype alloy, the elements Cu and Nd were added in the alloy. The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys with the composition of（Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx（x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20） were prepared by melt spinning technology. The effects of Nd content on the structures and hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys were investigated. The characterization by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） reveals that all the as-cast alloys hold multiphase structures, containing Mg2Ni-type major phase as well as some secondary phases Mg6Ni, Nd5Mg41, and Nd Ni, whose amounts clearly grow with increasing Nd content. Furthermore, the as-spun Nd-free alloy displays an entire nanocrystalline structure, whereas the as-spun Nd-added alloys hold a mixed structure of nanocrystalline and amorphous structure and the amorphization degree of the alloys visibly increases with the rising of the Nd content, suggesting that the addition of Nd facilitates the glass forming in the Mg2Ni-type alloy. The measurement of the hydrogen storage kinetics indicates that the addition of Nd significantly improves the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys. The addition of Nd enhances the diffusion ability of hydrogen atoms in the alloy, but it impairs the charge-transfer reaction on the surface of the alloy electrode, which makes the high rate discharge ability（HRD） of the alloy electrode fi rst mount up and then go down with the growing of Nd content.
文摘The structure of aggregation state and isothermal crystallization behavior of Nylon-1010 have been studied by WAXD, DSE, Variance-Range Function and density measurement. The results show that crystallization of Nylon-1010 has the most suitable annealing temperature, the crystals of the Nxlon-1010 are two-dimension heterogeneous nucleation. Both low treatment temperature and high crystallization te, temperature are disadvantageous for Nylon-1010 crystal growth.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Nos.51161015,51371094 and 51471054)
文摘LaMgNi（4-x）Cox（x = 0-0.8） electrode alloys used for MH/Ni batteries were prepared by induction melting. The structures and electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of the alloys were investigated in detail.X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） analysis show that LaMgNi4 phase and LaNi5 phase are obtained. The lattice parameters of the two phases increase first and then decrease with Co content increasing.The electrochemical properties of the alloy electrodes were measured by means of simulated battery tests. Results show that the addition of Co does not change the discharge voltage plateau of the alloy electrodes. However, the maximum discharge capacity increases from 319.9 mAh·g^-1（x = 0）to 347.5 mAh·g^-1（x = 0.4） and then decreases to331.7 mAh·g^-1（x = 0.8）. The effects of Co content on electrochemical kinetics of the alloy electrodes were also performed. The high rate dischargeability（HRD） first increases and then decreases with Co content increasing and reaches the maximum value（95.0 %） when x = 0.4. Test results of the electrochemical impedance spectra（EIS）,potentiodynamic polarization curves and constant potential step measurements of the alloy electrodes all demonstrate that when Co content is 0.4 at%, the alloy exhibits the best comprehensive electrochemical properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41276033 and 41276032)the Jiangsu Science and Technology Support Project (Grant No. BE2014729)+2 种基金project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe 2015 Jiangsu Program for Innovation Research and Entrepreneurship Groupsthe National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction (GASI-IPOVAI-06)
文摘The asymmetrical structure of typhoon-induced ocean eddies（TIOEs） in the East China Sea（including the Yellow Sea）and the accompanying air–sea interaction are studied using reanalysis products. Thirteen TIOEs are analyzed and divided into three groups with the k-prototype method： Group A with typhoons passing through the central Yellow Sea; Group B with typhoons re-entering the sea from the western Yellow Sea after landing on continental China; and Group C with typhoons occurring across the eastern Yellow Sea near to the Korean Peninsula. The study region is divided into three zones（Zones Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ） according to water depth and the Kuroshio position. The TIOEs in Group A are the strongest and could reverse part of the Kuroshio stream, while TIOEs in the other two groups are easily deformed by topography. The strong currents of the TIOEs impact on the latent heat flux distribution and upward transport, which facilitates the typhoon development. The strong divergence within the TIOEs favors an upwelling-induced cooling. A typical TIOE analysis shows that the intensity of the upwelling of TIOEs is proportional to the water depth, but its magnitude is weaker than the upwelling induced by the topography. In Zones Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the vertical dimensions of TIOEs and their strong currents are much less than the water depths.In shallow water Zone Ⅲ, a reversed circulation appears in the lower layer. The strong currents can lead to a greater, faster,and deeper energy transfer downwards than at the center of TIOEs.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11473053, 11233005, U1331201 and 11121062)the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2015CB857001)the "Strategic Priority Research Program the Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDB09000000 and XDB09010000)
文摘Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel＇dovich （kSZ） stacking has great potential to become a powerful probe of missing baryons, due to advances in CMB experiments and galaxy surveys. In this paper, we study kSZ stacking in hydrodynamic simulations with different gastrophysics. We quantify the kSZ stacking signal as a function of halo mass, redshift and projection depth. We compare between different simulations to estimate the impact of gastrophysics such as cooling and supernova feedback. Furthermore, we measure the contribution from warm-hot intergalactic medium （WHIM）, which is believed to be the reservoir for most, if not all, missing baryons. We find that the WHIM contribution is significant, at the level of ~ 10%-70%, depending on the angular separation from the stacked halos and other factors. However, contribution from the intracluster medium along the line of sight is in general non-negligible. This complexity requires more detailed and comprehensive analysis on probing the missing baryons with kSZ stacking.
基金partially funded by the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research,the Spanish Programa Nacional de Materiales through project MAT2014-51778-C2-2-Rby the Universitat de Girona contract No.MPCUd G2016/059.Dfinancial support of the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
文摘The new organic-inorganic compound, [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl was synthesized and its structure was determined at room temperature in the triclinic system （P^-1） with the following parameters： a = 10.5330（11） ？, b = 10.6663（11） ？, c = 15.9751（16）？, α = 82.090（2）°, β = 71.193（2）°, γ = 68.284（2）°and Z = 2. The final cycle of refinement led to R = 0.057 and Rw = 0.149. The crystal structure was stabilized by an extensive network of N--H···Cl and non-classical C--H···Cl hydrogen bonds between the cation and the anionic group. Several thermal analysis techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetric analysis and evolved gas analysis were used. We used isoconversional kinetics methods to determine the kinetics parameters. We observe that the decomposition of [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl entails the formation hydrochloric acid of nitroaniline as volatiles. The infrared spectra were recorded in the4000–400 cm^（-1）frequency region. The Raman spectra were recorded in the external region of the anionic sublattice vibration 50–1500 cm^（-1）. The optical band gap was calculated from the UV-Vis absorbance spectra using classical Tauc relation which was found to be 3.12 and 3.67 eV.
