This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing three polysaccharides(neutral LJP-1,acidic LJP-2 and acidic LJP-3)with significant in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities from the flowers of Lonicera ja...This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing three polysaccharides(neutral LJP-1,acidic LJP-2 and acidic LJP-3)with significant in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities from the flowers of Lonicera japonica.The three polysaccharides differed in chemical composition,molecular weight(Mw)distribution,glycosidic linkage pattern,functional groups and morphology.They exhibited excellent protective effects(in a dose-dependent manner)in lipopolysaccharide-injured RAW264.7 macrophages and Cu SO4-damaged zebrafish via reducing NO production and inhibiting the overexpressions of inflammation-related transcription factors,inflammatory proteins and cytokines in the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.Their antiinflammatory effects varied owing to their different molecular characteristics and chemical compositions.Overall,LJP-2 at 400μg/m L was the most effective.LJP-2 consisted mainly of→5)-α-L-Araf(1→,→4)-α-LGalp A(1→and→2)-α-L-Rhap(1→residues with terminal T-β-D-Glcp.Thus,honeysuckle flowers are good sources of anti-inflammatory polysaccharides,and precise fractionation enables the production of potent antiinflammatory agents for the development of functional foods and healthcare products.展开更多
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase （ HGPRT, EC 2.4.2.8） is a key enzyme of the purine salvage pathway, which allows recycling of purine bases into DNA and RNA. It is widely distributed in nature and has ...Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase （ HGPRT, EC 2.4.2.8） is a key enzyme of the purine salvage pathway, which allows recycling of purine bases into DNA and RNA. It is widely distributed in nature and has been studied both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans, a complete lack of HGPRT activity causes the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, which is characterized by hyperuricaemia and neural disorders,展开更多
Cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 is a cathelicidin-derived myeloid antimicrobial peptide identified from Phasianus colchicus with strong antimicrobial activity against most of bacteria and fungi tested,including the clinically i...Cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 is a cathelicidin-derived myeloid antimicrobial peptide identified from Phasianus colchicus with strong antimicrobial activity against most of bacteria and fungi tested,including the clinically isolated(IS)drug-resistant strains.Considering the uniform distribution of net positive charge in both C-and N-terminus sequence of cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 and most of hydrophobic amino acid(aa)residues positioned in middle of the sequence,the antimicrobial peptide was used to investigate the structure-function relationship by truncating gradually N-or C-terminus amino acid residue.More than 10 modified peptide homo-logues(20-26 aa length)of cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 were found to keep strong antimicrobial abilities.The possible relationships between bioactivities including antimicrobial and hemolytic abilities,components of secondary structure,hydrophobicity,amphipathicity,net charge,and sequence length were investigated.The current work provided suggestions for structural and functional modification of linear,α-helical antimicrobial peptides containing no disulfided bridges.展开更多
The quantitative relationship between modern pollen and vegetation provides a critical foundation for reconstructing past vegetation,with relative pollen productivity(RPP)serving as a key calibration parameter.However...The quantitative relationship between modern pollen and vegetation provides a critical foundation for reconstructing past vegetation,with relative pollen productivity(RPP)serving as a key calibration parameter.However,in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests(SEBFs)in China,RPP studies remain scarce,and the impact of human disturbances on RPP estimates has yet to be adequately assessed,limiting the accuracy of quantitative palaeovegetation reconstructions.This study was conducted in Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas in Zhaoqing,Guangdong Province,and included 31 sampling sites.We performed pollen analysis alongside detailed vegetation surveys and utilized ERV submodel 2 and Prentice’s model to estimate the RPP of 9 common plant taxa in the southern SEBFs.There was a particular focus on evaluating the interference effects of bamboo plantations on the estimation of RPP.The results indicate that bamboo within the family Poaceae contributes minimally to surface soil Poaceae pollen because of its unique flowering characteristics,such as long flowering cycles and monocarpic reproduction.The incorporation of bamboo into the Poaceae vegetation coverage in the analysis led to excessively high RPP values for the other taxa.When bamboo coverage was removed from the Poaceae family,the recalculated RPP values aligned closely with those reported in previous studies.The RPP values,ranked from highest to lowest,were as follows:Castanopsis(12.33±0.03)>Araliaceae(1.60±0.03)>Mallotus(1.53±0.26)>Pinus(1.47±0.03)>Rosaceae(1.07±0.02)>Poaceae(1±0)>Euphorbiaceae(0.44±0.03)>Anacardiaceae(0.26±0.03)>Theaceae(0.15±0).Notably,the RPP values for Mallotus,Araliaceae,Theaceae,and Euphorbiaceae represent the first estimates for China’s subtropical region.Differences between certain RPP estimates and those of previous studies may be attributed to factors such as species composition,vegetation structure,and model selection.The findings of this study highlight that due to the widespread distribution of artificial bamboo forests in China’s subtropical regions,future RPP studies should carefully consider the influence of Poaceae.This consideration is essential for improving the accuracy of the application of fossil pollen for quantitative paleo-vegetation reconstruction in these regions.展开更多
Magnesium-based materials not only exhibit desirable characteristics such as low density and high specific strength, but also possess exceptional functional properties, including high damping capacity, high thermal co...Magnesium-based materials not only exhibit desirable characteristics such as low density and high specific strength, but also possess exceptional functional properties, including high damping capacity, high thermal conductivity, high electromagnetic interference shielding capacity, flame retardancy, and dissolvability. However, achieving a balance between strength and functional properties remains a significant challenge in Mg alloys community. Typically, strength depends on the pinning effect of defects, such as solute atoms and second phases,which hinder dislocation motion. On the other hand, optimal functional properties usually necessitate relative perfect crystal structures, as the presence of solute atoms and second phases can have adverse effects on damping capacity and thermal conductivity. Balancing these conflicting requirements is difficult. The trade-off between strength and functional properties of the Mg alloys should be broken to meet the urgent need in aerospace, automotive, 3C(computers, communications, and consumer electronics) and energy industries for high performance structural-functional integrated Mg-based materials. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the mechanisms and influencing factors for the functional properties of Mg alloys. The mechanisms underlying the trade-off between strength and functional properties of Mg alloys is discussed. The latest developed structural-functional integrated Mg alloys and their composites are summarized, including high strength Mg-based materials with high damping capacity/high thermal conductivity/strong electromagnetic shielding capability/excellent flame-resistance/high dissolution rate. The future works of developing structure-function integrated Mg-based materials are proposed.展开更多
In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shippi...In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shipping is characterized by a vast array of document types, filled with complex, large-scale, and often chaotic knowledge and relationships. Effectively managing these documents is crucial for developing a Large Language Model (LLM) in the maritime domain, enabling practitioners to access and leverage valuable information. A Knowledge Graph (KG) offers a state-of-the-art solution for enhancing knowledge retrieval, providing more accurate responses and enabling context-aware reasoning. This paper presents a framework for utilizing maritime and shipping documents to construct a knowledge graph using GraphRAG, a hybrid tool combining graph-based retrieval and generation capabilities. The extraction of entities and relationships from these documents and the KG construction process are detailed. Furthermore, the KG is integrated with an LLM to develop a Q&A system, demonstrating that the system significantly improves answer accuracy compared to traditional LLMs. Additionally, the KG construction process is up to 50% faster than conventional LLM-based approaches, underscoring the efficiency of our method. This study provides a promising approach to digital intelligence in shipping, advancing knowledge accessibility and decision-making.展开更多
Recently,I attended a conference organised by the European Food Safety Authority in the beautiful and prosperous Italian city of Parma.The overall topic of the conference was risk assessment,and the program included a...Recently,I attended a conference organised by the European Food Safety Authority in the beautiful and prosperous Italian city of Parma.The overall topic of the conference was risk assessment,and the program included a section on aspects of environmental risk assessment.In various areas,including the evalution of the effects of pesticide applications,invasive organisms or genetically modified plants(Arpaia et al.,2014)preparing an environmental risk assessment is an obviously relevant exercise.展开更多
In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the ...In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.展开更多
This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised ...This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised 540 Chinese senior secondary school students between the ages of 15–18(51.67%boys;Mage=16.56 years;SDage=0.90).They completed surveys on the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale,the Selection,Optimization,and Compensation(SOC)Scale,the Peer Relationship Scale for Children and Adolescents,and the Learning Engagement Scale.The results following regression analysis showed that teacher-student relationship predicted higher learning engagement among senior secondary school students.Intentional self-regulation partially mediated the link between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement for higher learning engagement.Peer relationship moderated the relationships between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement and moderated the relationship between teacher-student relationship and intentional self-regulation for higher learning engagement.Thesefindings imply learning engagement can be enhanced by optimizing teacher-student relationship and strengthening intentional self-regulation interventions.展开更多
The relationship between ecosystem services(ES)and human well-being(HWB)is fundamental to the science and practice of sustainability.However,studies have shown conflicting results,which has been attributed to the infl...The relationship between ecosystem services(ES)and human well-being(HWB)is fundamental to the science and practice of sustainability.However,studies have shown conflicting results,which has been attributed to the influences of indicators,contexts,and scales.Yet,another potential factor,which has been overlooked,may be the mixed use of spatial and temporal approaches.Using twelve ES and seven well-being indicators and multiple statistical methods,we quantified and compared the spatial and temporal ES–HWB relationships for Inner Mongolia,China.The spatial and temporal relationships differed in both correlation direction and strength.Most relationships of economic and employment-related indicators with food provisioning and supporting services were temporally positive but spatially nonsignificant or negative.Some relationships of economic and employmentrelated indicators with water retention,sandstorm prevention,and wind erosion were temporally negative but spatially complex.However,the spatial and temporal ES–HWB relationships could also be similar in some cases.We conclude that although both the spatial and temporal approaches have merits,space generally cannot substitute for time in the study of ES–HWB relationship.Our study helps reconcile the seemingly conflicting findings in the literature,and suggests that future studies should explicitly distinguish between the spatial and temporal ES–HWB relationships.展开更多
This study examined the impact of teacher-student relationship quality on students’risk of bullying victimiza-tion and the mediating roles of student-student relationships and student engagement in this relationship....This study examined the impact of teacher-student relationship quality on students’risk of bullying victimiza-tion and the mediating roles of student-student relationships and student engagement in this relationship.A total of 656 Chinese junior high school students(females=361,mean age=13.75,SD=0.98)completed validated measures of teacher-student relationship quality,student-student relationship quality,student engagement,and bullying victimization.Regression analysis results indicated that higher teacher-student relationship quality predicted a lower risk of student bullying victimization.Serial mediating effect testing of the student-student relationship quality and student engagement revealed that these factors fully mediated the relationship between teacher-student relationship quality and bullying victimization,resulting in a lower risk of bullying victimization.The results showed that student-student relationship quality had a more substantial mediating effect than student engagement.Thefindings support the Socio-Ecological Framework,suggesting that within the Microsystem,interactions between individuals and their immediate environments significantly impact their behavior.Specifically,thesefindings suggest that good teacher-student relationships can enhance the quality of student-student relationships and student engagement,thereby preventing and reducing the occurrence of bullying victimization.展开更多
Since China’s reform and development,under the influence of the global religious and cultural boom,it has also focused on studying Islamic culture and related fields,resulting in many important representative works.T...Since China’s reform and development,under the influence of the global religious and cultural boom,it has also focused on studying Islamic culture and related fields,resulting in many important representative works.The main characteristic of writing books in this area is to use popular knowledge materials that are suitable for various sectors of society.There are also works exploring the historical evolution of Islamic culture in China,which involve the relationship between Islamic culture and traditional Chinese culture.Before the 1980s,there were no significant achievements in publishing papers.However,since the 1990s,there has been a noticeable increase in papers related to Islamic culture and related fields,with new advances in research areas and methods.There are both articles that explore the attributes and characteristics of Islamic culture from the perspectives of world history and culture,as well as many articles that explore various specific aspects of Islamic culture from the perspective of specific topics.In this article,the author collects academic achievements in the study of Islamic culture in China and introduces them to the academic community,letting them know about China's research on world Islamic culture.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia secondary to diabetes can lead to organ failure unless properly controlled,and it is associated with numerous health issues,particularly metabolic problems.Breast cancer is one of the most com...BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia secondary to diabetes can lead to organ failure unless properly controlled,and it is associated with numerous health issues,particularly metabolic problems.Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in females worldwide and represents a major health concern due to its morbidity and mortality.The progression of the disease and the response to treatment depend on numerous variables,including both tumor biology and patient-related factors.Key prognostic indicators include age,tumor size,lymph node involvement,histological type,hormone receptor status,and expression of biomarkers such as HER2.AIM To investigate the relationship between preoperative blood glucose levels and cancer prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with breast cancer.METHODS In this study patients diagnosed with breast cancer were classified into two groups:Those with blood glucose levels<125 mg/dL and those with levels>125 mg/dL.Estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity,Ki-67 percentage,Cerb2 positivity,number of positive lymph nodes,and presence of lymphovascular invasion were examined histopathologically.RESULTS The study included 246 patients with breast cancer:196 were in the normal glucose group and 50 were in the elevated glucose group.In the normal glucose group,68%of the tumors were left-sided and 32%were right-sided,while all tumors in the elevated glucose group were left-sided.This difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Tumor size,Ki-67,and the number of positive lymph nodes were not associated with blood glucose in patients with breast cancer(P>0.05 for all).However,blood glucose was correlated with age in this population.Correlation analyses revealed that blood glucose was positively correlated with age(r=0.23,P<0.001).Additionally,Ki-67 was correlated with tumor size(r=0.14,P=0.03)and age(r=-0.18,P=0.005).CONCLUSION Our study highlighted the complex interplay between metabolic factors,such as fasting glucose levels,and breast cancer characteristics.Elevated glucose levels were associated with older age.The significant association between tumor laterality and glucose levels underscores the need for further investigation into the collective influence of metabolic and anatomical factors on breast cancer development and progression.展开更多
Soybean is widely used in diets,and numerous reports have highlighted its antioxidant properties.However,constructing a methodology for rapid identifying and predicting a series of antioxidant active ingredients in So...Soybean is widely used in diets,and numerous reports have highlighted its antioxidant properties.However,constructing a methodology for rapid identifying and predicting a series of antioxidant active ingredients in Soybean presents certain challenges.Therefore,we introduced the spectrum-effect relationship-ingredient knockout identification technique to identify a series of antioxidant active ingredients in soybean.By combining untargeted metabolomics with network pharmacology,we predicted the antioxidant active ingredients and their target sites.We successfully identified 4 antioxidant active compounds(daidzein,genistein,daidzein,and glycitin)and 10 corresponding antioxidant targets(epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),estrogen receptor 1(ESR1),steroid receptor coactivator(SRC),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),kinase insert domain receptor(KDR),AKT serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),growth factor receptor bound protein 2(GRB2),signal transducer and activator of transcription1(STAT1),mitogen-activated protein kinase 8(MAPK8),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2))by our analysis.The validation results from cell experiments revealed that glycitin exhibited the best antioxidant activity and significantly influenced the expression of EGFR and the proteins associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1(NRF2/NQO1)signaling pathways.These findings were consistent with the predicted outcomes and were further confirmed in a zebrafish model.It suggests that glycitin may exert antioxidant effects by regulating the expression of EGFR,NRF2,and NQO1 proteins.The results demonstrate that a rapid analytical method for determining antioxidant activity was established.展开更多
Quantitative structure-retention relationship(QSRR)is an important tool in chromatography.QSRR examines the correlation between molecular structures and their retention behaviors during chromatographic separation.This...Quantitative structure-retention relationship(QSRR)is an important tool in chromatography.QSRR examines the correlation between molecular structures and their retention behaviors during chromatographic separation.This approach involves developing models for predicting the retention time(RT)of analytes,thereby accelerating method development and facilitating compound identification.In addition,QSRR can be used to study compound retention mechanisms and support drug screening efforts.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of QSRR workflows and applications,with a special focus on the role of artificial intelligence-an area not thoroughly explored in previous reviews.Moreover,we discuss current limitations in RT prediction and propose promising solutions.Overall,this review offers a fresh perspective on future QSRR research,encouraging the development of innovative strategies that enable the diverse applications of QSRR models in chromatographic analysis.展开更多
Background With the rapid growth of internet usage,adolescent cyberbullying has become a pressing issue.This study examines the longitudinal impact of leisure-time physical activity and peer relationships on cyberbull...Background With the rapid growth of internet usage,adolescent cyberbullying has become a pressing issue.This study examines the longitudinal impact of leisure-time physical activity and peer relationships on cyberbullying over a one-year period,drawing on the Stage-Environment Fit Theory and the Interpersonal Relationship Theory.Methods A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted over one year,involving 896 middle school students from five schools in Sichuan,Jiangsu,and Guangdong,China,selected to ensure regional diversity.Participants were recruited using stratified random sampling,and data were collected at four-month intervals.Leisure-time physical activity,peer relationships,and cyberbullying behaviors were assessed using validated scales.Data were analyzed using latent growth modeling(LGM)and structural equation modeling(SEM)to examine longitudinal effects and mediation relationships.Results(1)Leisure-time physical activity,peer relationships,and cyberbullying behaviors remained relatively stable over time.(2)Both leisure-time physical activity and peer relationships significantly reduced future cyberbullying incidents,with physical activity also enhancing subsequent peer relationships.(3)Peer relationships partially mediated the effect of leisure-time physical activity on cyberbullying,indicating that improved peer interactions contributed to a reduction in cyberbullying behaviors.Conclusion This study found that leisure-time sports activities and peer relationships are important factors affecting cyberbullying,and peer relationships play a partial mediating role in it.The results provide empirical support for understanding the formation mechanism and influencing factors of cyberbullying.展开更多
This paper explored how the work hardening process enhances the yield strength(YS)of magnesium alloy and established a novel quantitative relationship between microstructure and YS.The YS of an extruded Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr...This paper explored how the work hardening process enhances the yield strength(YS)of magnesium alloy and established a novel quantitative relationship between microstructure and YS.The YS of an extruded Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy was nearly tripled by rotary swaging at 200℃,attributing to dislocation accumulation,grain fragmentation,and basal texture formation.A modified Hall–Petch relationship(GM–HP)was established by introducing the equivalent orientation factor and dislocation density to accurately quantify the YS and the contribution of each strengthening mechanism.The contributions of dislocation hardening and grain boundary strengthening were multiplied by the strong basal texture.This paper offered valuable insights and guidance for designing and optimizing high-strength wrought magnesium alloys and their plastic processing methods.展开更多
Background Agility and change of direction speed(COD)are essential skills in sports,their development being the focus of training and research.While these terms have been used interchangeably,it is crucial to distingu...Background Agility and change of direction speed(COD)are essential skills in sports,their development being the focus of training and research.While these terms have been used interchangeably,it is crucial to distinguish between agility and COD,as the latter involves a sudden change in direction without the presence of external stimuli.Objective This meta-analysis aims to summarize studies that have included COD and agility tests and explore the potential relationship between these two physical qualities.Method Following the PRISMA guidelines,a meta-analysis was conducted using studies published between 2005 and 2021.All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish,using an athlete population as participants.For all analyses,a significance level was set at P<0.05.Results The meta-analysis,which included 21 studies with 945 participants from various team sports,found a moderate correlation(r=0.46)between agility and COD.This study considers moderator variables such as Age,Sex,Sport,Test Pattern,Test Combination,and Agility Stimulus.Conclusion The results of this study revealed that while COD and agility have commonalities,these two constructs represent distinct different qualities.Younger participants show a stronger correlation between the two,emphasizing age-related differences in physical development.Coaches should consider these findings in designing training programs and assessments,tailoring approaches based on the specific demands of each skill.The study contributes valuable insights into the nuanced relationship between agility and COD in team sports.展开更多
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,its application in higher education has gradually shifted from traditional teaching aids to deeper levels of interactive learning and emotional conne...With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,its application in higher education has gradually shifted from traditional teaching aids to deeper levels of interactive learning and emotional connection support.AI can enhance teaching efficiency,personalized learning,and real-time feedback;however,in areas such as emotional communication and teacher-student interaction,AI still cannot fully replace the role of teachers.This study aims to explore the transformation of teacher-student relationships in the era of AI,analyze the impact of AI technology on teaching interaction,emotional support,and teacher-student trust,and propose strategies to address these challenges.The research findings indicate that while AI has significant advantages in improving educational efficiency,it has limitations in interpersonal emotional support and the transformation of the teacher’s role.To ensure the comprehensiveness and humanization of education,educators should strengthen emotional care and improve students’emotional literacy in the use of AI,and implement transparent data management and privacy protection measures to enhance teacher-student trust.The study also suggests that by enhancing teacher-student trust,strengthening emotional support,and increasing transparency,educators can effectively address the challenges of teacher-student relationships in the AI era.This research provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the integration of AI technology with educational humanistic care,promoting more comprehensive,personalized,and humane educational development.展开更多
Digital sculpture is the product of the cross-integration of art and technology,and its development is accompanied by the two-way interaction between technological innovation and artistic concepts.Based on this,this p...Digital sculpture is the product of the cross-integration of art and technology,and its development is accompanied by the two-way interaction between technological innovation and artistic concepts.Based on this,this paper mainly analyzes the remolding of artistic creation logic by technical tools and the expansion of technical application boundary by artistic expression,and further reveals the dynamic balance relationship between the two in symbiosis,hoping to help understand the accompanying mechanism of art and technology in the digital age.展开更多
基金supported by Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(2021CXGC010508)。
文摘This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing three polysaccharides(neutral LJP-1,acidic LJP-2 and acidic LJP-3)with significant in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities from the flowers of Lonicera japonica.The three polysaccharides differed in chemical composition,molecular weight(Mw)distribution,glycosidic linkage pattern,functional groups and morphology.They exhibited excellent protective effects(in a dose-dependent manner)in lipopolysaccharide-injured RAW264.7 macrophages and Cu SO4-damaged zebrafish via reducing NO production and inhibiting the overexpressions of inflammation-related transcription factors,inflammatory proteins and cytokines in the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.Their antiinflammatory effects varied owing to their different molecular characteristics and chemical compositions.Overall,LJP-2 at 400μg/m L was the most effective.LJP-2 consisted mainly of→5)-α-L-Araf(1→,→4)-α-LGalp A(1→and→2)-α-L-Rhap(1→residues with terminal T-β-D-Glcp.Thus,honeysuckle flowers are good sources of anti-inflammatory polysaccharides,and precise fractionation enables the production of potent antiinflammatory agents for the development of functional foods and healthcare products.
文摘Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase （ HGPRT, EC 2.4.2.8） is a key enzyme of the purine salvage pathway, which allows recycling of purine bases into DNA and RNA. It is widely distributed in nature and has been studied both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans, a complete lack of HGPRT activity causes the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, which is characterized by hyperuricaemia and neural disorders,
基金supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(31070701,31000962,31025025,30730026)the Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist(NO.09XD1405100)+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology(2010CB529800,2009ZX09103-1/091,2011ZX09102-002-10)the Ministry of Agriculture(2009ZX08009-159B).
文摘Cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 is a cathelicidin-derived myeloid antimicrobial peptide identified from Phasianus colchicus with strong antimicrobial activity against most of bacteria and fungi tested,including the clinically isolated(IS)drug-resistant strains.Considering the uniform distribution of net positive charge in both C-and N-terminus sequence of cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 and most of hydrophobic amino acid(aa)residues positioned in middle of the sequence,the antimicrobial peptide was used to investigate the structure-function relationship by truncating gradually N-or C-terminus amino acid residue.More than 10 modified peptide homo-logues(20-26 aa length)of cathelicidin Pc-CATH1 were found to keep strong antimicrobial abilities.The possible relationships between bioactivities including antimicrobial and hemolytic abilities,components of secondary structure,hydrophobicity,amphipathicity,net charge,and sequence length were investigated.The current work provided suggestions for structural and functional modification of linear,α-helical antimicrobial peptides containing no disulfided bridges.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42407595&41630753)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF0801501).
文摘The quantitative relationship between modern pollen and vegetation provides a critical foundation for reconstructing past vegetation,with relative pollen productivity(RPP)serving as a key calibration parameter.However,in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests(SEBFs)in China,RPP studies remain scarce,and the impact of human disturbances on RPP estimates has yet to be adequately assessed,limiting the accuracy of quantitative palaeovegetation reconstructions.This study was conducted in Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas in Zhaoqing,Guangdong Province,and included 31 sampling sites.We performed pollen analysis alongside detailed vegetation surveys and utilized ERV submodel 2 and Prentice’s model to estimate the RPP of 9 common plant taxa in the southern SEBFs.There was a particular focus on evaluating the interference effects of bamboo plantations on the estimation of RPP.The results indicate that bamboo within the family Poaceae contributes minimally to surface soil Poaceae pollen because of its unique flowering characteristics,such as long flowering cycles and monocarpic reproduction.The incorporation of bamboo into the Poaceae vegetation coverage in the analysis led to excessively high RPP values for the other taxa.When bamboo coverage was removed from the Poaceae family,the recalculated RPP values aligned closely with those reported in previous studies.The RPP values,ranked from highest to lowest,were as follows:Castanopsis(12.33±0.03)>Araliaceae(1.60±0.03)>Mallotus(1.53±0.26)>Pinus(1.47±0.03)>Rosaceae(1.07±0.02)>Poaceae(1±0)>Euphorbiaceae(0.44±0.03)>Anacardiaceae(0.26±0.03)>Theaceae(0.15±0).Notably,the RPP values for Mallotus,Araliaceae,Theaceae,and Euphorbiaceae represent the first estimates for China’s subtropical region.Differences between certain RPP estimates and those of previous studies may be attributed to factors such as species composition,vegetation structure,and model selection.The findings of this study highlight that due to the widespread distribution of artificial bamboo forests in China’s subtropical regions,future RPP studies should carefully consider the influence of Poaceae.This consideration is essential for improving the accuracy of the application of fossil pollen for quantitative paleo-vegetation reconstruction in these regions.
基金partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U21A2047,No.51971076,and No.51771062)National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2022YFE0109600)。
文摘Magnesium-based materials not only exhibit desirable characteristics such as low density and high specific strength, but also possess exceptional functional properties, including high damping capacity, high thermal conductivity, high electromagnetic interference shielding capacity, flame retardancy, and dissolvability. However, achieving a balance between strength and functional properties remains a significant challenge in Mg alloys community. Typically, strength depends on the pinning effect of defects, such as solute atoms and second phases,which hinder dislocation motion. On the other hand, optimal functional properties usually necessitate relative perfect crystal structures, as the presence of solute atoms and second phases can have adverse effects on damping capacity and thermal conductivity. Balancing these conflicting requirements is difficult. The trade-off between strength and functional properties of the Mg alloys should be broken to meet the urgent need in aerospace, automotive, 3C(computers, communications, and consumer electronics) and energy industries for high performance structural-functional integrated Mg-based materials. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the mechanisms and influencing factors for the functional properties of Mg alloys. The mechanisms underlying the trade-off between strength and functional properties of Mg alloys is discussed. The latest developed structural-functional integrated Mg alloys and their composites are summarized, including high strength Mg-based materials with high damping capacity/high thermal conductivity/strong electromagnetic shielding capability/excellent flame-resistance/high dissolution rate. The future works of developing structure-function integrated Mg-based materials are proposed.
文摘In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shipping is characterized by a vast array of document types, filled with complex, large-scale, and often chaotic knowledge and relationships. Effectively managing these documents is crucial for developing a Large Language Model (LLM) in the maritime domain, enabling practitioners to access and leverage valuable information. A Knowledge Graph (KG) offers a state-of-the-art solution for enhancing knowledge retrieval, providing more accurate responses and enabling context-aware reasoning. This paper presents a framework for utilizing maritime and shipping documents to construct a knowledge graph using GraphRAG, a hybrid tool combining graph-based retrieval and generation capabilities. The extraction of entities and relationships from these documents and the KG construction process are detailed. Furthermore, the KG is integrated with an LLM to develop a Q&A system, demonstrating that the system significantly improves answer accuracy compared to traditional LLMs. Additionally, the KG construction process is up to 50% faster than conventional LLM-based approaches, underscoring the efficiency of our method. This study provides a promising approach to digital intelligence in shipping, advancing knowledge accessibility and decision-making.
文摘Recently,I attended a conference organised by the European Food Safety Authority in the beautiful and prosperous Italian city of Parma.The overall topic of the conference was risk assessment,and the program included a section on aspects of environmental risk assessment.In various areas,including the evalution of the effects of pesticide applications,invasive organisms or genetically modified plants(Arpaia et al.,2014)preparing an environmental risk assessment is an obviously relevant exercise.
文摘In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.
文摘This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised 540 Chinese senior secondary school students between the ages of 15–18(51.67%boys;Mage=16.56 years;SDage=0.90).They completed surveys on the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale,the Selection,Optimization,and Compensation(SOC)Scale,the Peer Relationship Scale for Children and Adolescents,and the Learning Engagement Scale.The results following regression analysis showed that teacher-student relationship predicted higher learning engagement among senior secondary school students.Intentional self-regulation partially mediated the link between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement for higher learning engagement.Peer relationship moderated the relationships between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement and moderated the relationship between teacher-student relationship and intentional self-regulation for higher learning engagement.Thesefindings imply learning engagement can be enhanced by optimizing teacher-student relationship and strengthening intentional self-regulation interventions.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B240201068)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42361144861)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2014CB954303).
文摘The relationship between ecosystem services(ES)and human well-being(HWB)is fundamental to the science and practice of sustainability.However,studies have shown conflicting results,which has been attributed to the influences of indicators,contexts,and scales.Yet,another potential factor,which has been overlooked,may be the mixed use of spatial and temporal approaches.Using twelve ES and seven well-being indicators and multiple statistical methods,we quantified and compared the spatial and temporal ES–HWB relationships for Inner Mongolia,China.The spatial and temporal relationships differed in both correlation direction and strength.Most relationships of economic and employment-related indicators with food provisioning and supporting services were temporally positive but spatially nonsignificant or negative.Some relationships of economic and employmentrelated indicators with water retention,sandstorm prevention,and wind erosion were temporally negative but spatially complex.However,the spatial and temporal ES–HWB relationships could also be similar in some cases.We conclude that although both the spatial and temporal approaches have merits,space generally cannot substitute for time in the study of ES–HWB relationship.Our study helps reconcile the seemingly conflicting findings in the literature,and suggests that future studies should explicitly distinguish between the spatial and temporal ES–HWB relationships.
基金supported by the 2024 Henan Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(Youth Project)entitled“Research on the Mechanism and Intervention of Self-Regulated Learning in Promoting Children’s Chinese Reading Comprehension”(2024CJY070).
文摘This study examined the impact of teacher-student relationship quality on students’risk of bullying victimiza-tion and the mediating roles of student-student relationships and student engagement in this relationship.A total of 656 Chinese junior high school students(females=361,mean age=13.75,SD=0.98)completed validated measures of teacher-student relationship quality,student-student relationship quality,student engagement,and bullying victimization.Regression analysis results indicated that higher teacher-student relationship quality predicted a lower risk of student bullying victimization.Serial mediating effect testing of the student-student relationship quality and student engagement revealed that these factors fully mediated the relationship between teacher-student relationship quality and bullying victimization,resulting in a lower risk of bullying victimization.The results showed that student-student relationship quality had a more substantial mediating effect than student engagement.Thefindings support the Socio-Ecological Framework,suggesting that within the Microsystem,interactions between individuals and their immediate environments significantly impact their behavior.Specifically,thesefindings suggest that good teacher-student relationships can enhance the quality of student-student relationships and student engagement,thereby preventing and reducing the occurrence of bullying victimization.
文摘Since China’s reform and development,under the influence of the global religious and cultural boom,it has also focused on studying Islamic culture and related fields,resulting in many important representative works.The main characteristic of writing books in this area is to use popular knowledge materials that are suitable for various sectors of society.There are also works exploring the historical evolution of Islamic culture in China,which involve the relationship between Islamic culture and traditional Chinese culture.Before the 1980s,there were no significant achievements in publishing papers.However,since the 1990s,there has been a noticeable increase in papers related to Islamic culture and related fields,with new advances in research areas and methods.There are both articles that explore the attributes and characteristics of Islamic culture from the perspectives of world history and culture,as well as many articles that explore various specific aspects of Islamic culture from the perspective of specific topics.In this article,the author collects academic achievements in the study of Islamic culture in China and introduces them to the academic community,letting them know about China's research on world Islamic culture.
文摘BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia secondary to diabetes can lead to organ failure unless properly controlled,and it is associated with numerous health issues,particularly metabolic problems.Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in females worldwide and represents a major health concern due to its morbidity and mortality.The progression of the disease and the response to treatment depend on numerous variables,including both tumor biology and patient-related factors.Key prognostic indicators include age,tumor size,lymph node involvement,histological type,hormone receptor status,and expression of biomarkers such as HER2.AIM To investigate the relationship between preoperative blood glucose levels and cancer prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with breast cancer.METHODS In this study patients diagnosed with breast cancer were classified into two groups:Those with blood glucose levels<125 mg/dL and those with levels>125 mg/dL.Estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity,Ki-67 percentage,Cerb2 positivity,number of positive lymph nodes,and presence of lymphovascular invasion were examined histopathologically.RESULTS The study included 246 patients with breast cancer:196 were in the normal glucose group and 50 were in the elevated glucose group.In the normal glucose group,68%of the tumors were left-sided and 32%were right-sided,while all tumors in the elevated glucose group were left-sided.This difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Tumor size,Ki-67,and the number of positive lymph nodes were not associated with blood glucose in patients with breast cancer(P>0.05 for all).However,blood glucose was correlated with age in this population.Correlation analyses revealed that blood glucose was positively correlated with age(r=0.23,P<0.001).Additionally,Ki-67 was correlated with tumor size(r=0.14,P=0.03)and age(r=-0.18,P=0.005).CONCLUSION Our study highlighted the complex interplay between metabolic factors,such as fasting glucose levels,and breast cancer characteristics.Elevated glucose levels were associated with older age.The significant association between tumor laterality and glucose levels underscores the need for further investigation into the collective influence of metabolic and anatomical factors on breast cancer development and progression.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100300)Joint Fund of Henan Province Science and Technology R&D Program(235200810051)+1 种基金Key Project in Science and Technology Agency of Henan Province(242102310561)key research projects of higher education institutions in Henan Province(24B350002).
文摘Soybean is widely used in diets,and numerous reports have highlighted its antioxidant properties.However,constructing a methodology for rapid identifying and predicting a series of antioxidant active ingredients in Soybean presents certain challenges.Therefore,we introduced the spectrum-effect relationship-ingredient knockout identification technique to identify a series of antioxidant active ingredients in soybean.By combining untargeted metabolomics with network pharmacology,we predicted the antioxidant active ingredients and their target sites.We successfully identified 4 antioxidant active compounds(daidzein,genistein,daidzein,and glycitin)and 10 corresponding antioxidant targets(epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),estrogen receptor 1(ESR1),steroid receptor coactivator(SRC),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),kinase insert domain receptor(KDR),AKT serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),growth factor receptor bound protein 2(GRB2),signal transducer and activator of transcription1(STAT1),mitogen-activated protein kinase 8(MAPK8),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2))by our analysis.The validation results from cell experiments revealed that glycitin exhibited the best antioxidant activity and significantly influenced the expression of EGFR and the proteins associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1(NRF2/NQO1)signaling pathways.These findings were consistent with the predicted outcomes and were further confirmed in a zebrafish model.It suggests that glycitin may exert antioxidant effects by regulating the expression of EGFR,NRF2,and NQO1 proteins.The results demonstrate that a rapid analytical method for determining antioxidant activity was established.
基金supported by the Shanghai Sailing Program,China(Grant No.:23YF1413300).
文摘Quantitative structure-retention relationship(QSRR)is an important tool in chromatography.QSRR examines the correlation between molecular structures and their retention behaviors during chromatographic separation.This approach involves developing models for predicting the retention time(RT)of analytes,thereby accelerating method development and facilitating compound identification.In addition,QSRR can be used to study compound retention mechanisms and support drug screening efforts.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of QSRR workflows and applications,with a special focus on the role of artificial intelligence-an area not thoroughly explored in previous reviews.Moreover,we discuss current limitations in RT prediction and propose promising solutions.Overall,this review offers a fresh perspective on future QSRR research,encouraging the development of innovative strategies that enable the diverse applications of QSRR models in chromatographic analysis.
基金funded by the following projects:National Social Science Fund Project“The Empowerment Mechanism of Physical Exercise on Emotional Regulation in Adolescents”(23BTY116)Leshan Normal University 2024 Research Cultivation Project:“Research on the Trajectory Effect of Family Cumulative Risk and Home-based Activity of Adolescents”(KYPY2025-0014)+1 种基金Key Humanities and Social Sciences Cultivation Project of Leshan Normal University:“Research on the Sequence Difference of Knowledge and Behavior of Physical Activity among Adolescents and the Compensation Mechanism”and Sichuan Province College Students’Sports Association Annual Project“The Trajectory Effect of Family Cumulative Risk and Adolescents’Home Physical Activity”(23CDTXQ004).
文摘Background With the rapid growth of internet usage,adolescent cyberbullying has become a pressing issue.This study examines the longitudinal impact of leisure-time physical activity and peer relationships on cyberbullying over a one-year period,drawing on the Stage-Environment Fit Theory and the Interpersonal Relationship Theory.Methods A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted over one year,involving 896 middle school students from five schools in Sichuan,Jiangsu,and Guangdong,China,selected to ensure regional diversity.Participants were recruited using stratified random sampling,and data were collected at four-month intervals.Leisure-time physical activity,peer relationships,and cyberbullying behaviors were assessed using validated scales.Data were analyzed using latent growth modeling(LGM)and structural equation modeling(SEM)to examine longitudinal effects and mediation relationships.Results(1)Leisure-time physical activity,peer relationships,and cyberbullying behaviors remained relatively stable over time.(2)Both leisure-time physical activity and peer relationships significantly reduced future cyberbullying incidents,with physical activity also enhancing subsequent peer relationships.(3)Peer relationships partially mediated the effect of leisure-time physical activity on cyberbullying,indicating that improved peer interactions contributed to a reduction in cyberbullying behaviors.Conclusion This study found that leisure-time sports activities and peer relationships are important factors affecting cyberbullying,and peer relationships play a partial mediating role in it.The results provide empirical support for understanding the formation mechanism and influencing factors of cyberbullying.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51975146)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2020QE171)。
文摘This paper explored how the work hardening process enhances the yield strength(YS)of magnesium alloy and established a novel quantitative relationship between microstructure and YS.The YS of an extruded Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy was nearly tripled by rotary swaging at 200℃,attributing to dislocation accumulation,grain fragmentation,and basal texture formation.A modified Hall–Petch relationship(GM–HP)was established by introducing the equivalent orientation factor and dislocation density to accurately quantify the YS and the contribution of each strengthening mechanism.The contributions of dislocation hardening and grain boundary strengthening were multiplied by the strong basal texture.This paper offered valuable insights and guidance for designing and optimizing high-strength wrought magnesium alloys and their plastic processing methods.
文摘Background Agility and change of direction speed(COD)are essential skills in sports,their development being the focus of training and research.While these terms have been used interchangeably,it is crucial to distinguish between agility and COD,as the latter involves a sudden change in direction without the presence of external stimuli.Objective This meta-analysis aims to summarize studies that have included COD and agility tests and explore the potential relationship between these two physical qualities.Method Following the PRISMA guidelines,a meta-analysis was conducted using studies published between 2005 and 2021.All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish,using an athlete population as participants.For all analyses,a significance level was set at P<0.05.Results The meta-analysis,which included 21 studies with 945 participants from various team sports,found a moderate correlation(r=0.46)between agility and COD.This study considers moderator variables such as Age,Sex,Sport,Test Pattern,Test Combination,and Agility Stimulus.Conclusion The results of this study revealed that while COD and agility have commonalities,these two constructs represent distinct different qualities.Younger participants show a stronger correlation between the two,emphasizing age-related differences in physical development.Coaches should consider these findings in designing training programs and assessments,tailoring approaches based on the specific demands of each skill.The study contributes valuable insights into the nuanced relationship between agility and COD in team sports.
基金The 2024 Higher Education Teaching Reform Project of Guangdong University of Science and Technology,“Teaching Practice of Human Resource Management Course Based on SPOC+FC Hybrid Teaching Mode”(GKZLGC2024024)。
文摘With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,its application in higher education has gradually shifted from traditional teaching aids to deeper levels of interactive learning and emotional connection support.AI can enhance teaching efficiency,personalized learning,and real-time feedback;however,in areas such as emotional communication and teacher-student interaction,AI still cannot fully replace the role of teachers.This study aims to explore the transformation of teacher-student relationships in the era of AI,analyze the impact of AI technology on teaching interaction,emotional support,and teacher-student trust,and propose strategies to address these challenges.The research findings indicate that while AI has significant advantages in improving educational efficiency,it has limitations in interpersonal emotional support and the transformation of the teacher’s role.To ensure the comprehensiveness and humanization of education,educators should strengthen emotional care and improve students’emotional literacy in the use of AI,and implement transparent data management and privacy protection measures to enhance teacher-student trust.The study also suggests that by enhancing teacher-student trust,strengthening emotional support,and increasing transparency,educators can effectively address the challenges of teacher-student relationships in the AI era.This research provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the integration of AI technology with educational humanistic care,promoting more comprehensive,personalized,and humane educational development.
文摘Digital sculpture is the product of the cross-integration of art and technology,and its development is accompanied by the two-way interaction between technological innovation and artistic concepts.Based on this,this paper mainly analyzes the remolding of artistic creation logic by technical tools and the expansion of technical application boundary by artistic expression,and further reveals the dynamic balance relationship between the two in symbiosis,hoping to help understand the accompanying mechanism of art and technology in the digital age.
