Genomic structural variations （SVs）, particularly insertions, deletions and inversions, can contribute to the heterogeneity of millions of nucleotides within a genome, and are likely to make an important contributio...Genomic structural variations （SVs）, particularly insertions, deletions and inversions, can contribute to the heterogeneity of millions of nucleotides within a genome, and are likely to make an important contribution to biological diversity and phenotypic variation （Alkan et al., 2011; Bickhart and Liu, 2014）. With the rapid development of the next-generation sequencing technologies and the new assembly methodolo- gies, the multiple de novo assemblies of genomes within a species allow researchers to explore more detailed SV maps （Li et al., 2011）. Compared with the traditional read depth algorithm using the whole-genome resequencing approach and array-based technologies （Baker, 2012; Wang et al., 2012;展开更多
Iron-nitride films were prepared by reactive sputtering, and the effect of annealing treatment on the structures was investigated by means of in-situ electron microscopy and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM)....Iron-nitride films were prepared by reactive sputtering, and the effect of annealing treatment on the structures was investigated by means of in-situ electron microscopy and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). As-deposited films were observed to be a mixed structure of a few ultrafine epsilon-Fe2-3N particles existing in the amorphous matrix. it was found that the structure-relaxation in the amorphous occurred at 473 K, and the ultrafine grains began to grow at the higher annealing temperatures. The transition of the amorphous to epsilon-Fe2-3N was almost completed at 673 K. It is considered that the formation of the ideal epsilon-Fe3N is originated from the ordering of the nitrogen atoms during the annealing in vacuum. On the other hand, gamma'-phase (Fe4N) was seen to precipitation of epsilon-phase at 723 K. Two possible modes are proposed in the precipitation of gamma'-phase, depending on the heating rate and crystallographic orientation relationships, i.e. [121](epsilon)//[001](gamma), (2(1) over bar0$)(epsilon)//(110)(gamma) and [100](epsilon)//[110](gamma), (001)(epsilon)//(111)(gamma). In addition, alpha-Fe particles were observed to form from the gamma'-phase at high temperatures. We assumed that these structural changes are due to the diffusion of nitrogen and iron atoms during the annealing, except for the case of the precipitation of the gamma'-phase as depicted above. The results obtained in this work are in a good agreement with the assumption.展开更多
By means of differentiation of remote sensing image, field seismo-geological survey, analysis on drilling explora- tion materials, sampling and dating of rock samples, combined with seismicity and microscopic tectoni...By means of differentiation of remote sensing image, field seismo-geological survey, analysis on drilling explora- tion materials, sampling and dating of rock samples, combined with seismicity and microscopic tectonic analysis, this paper studies the recent activity of Chihe segment of the Tanlu fault zone. The result indicates that the Chihe fault segment undergoes the deformation alternately in the mode of stick slip and creep during Late Quaternary, and its recent activity is mainly creep.展开更多
As the idea of diversified dispute resolution becomes common sense,the structural relations of different dispute resolution mechanisms have become the focus of practice reforms and theoretical controversies in China.T...As the idea of diversified dispute resolution becomes common sense,the structural relations of different dispute resolution mechanisms have become the focus of practice reforms and theoretical controversies in China.The 60-year development of the"Fengqiao Model"has always focused on the overall design of the dispute resolution system,which provides a foundation and plenty of materials for understanding these structural relationships.Combined with the development of social theory,this paper summarizes a general structural theory of dispute resolution mechanisms based on the"Fengqiao Model."This theory advocates that the structure of dispute resolution mechanisms is the outcome of the integration of state intervention,social self-regulatory,and their interactions with various dispute resolution mechanisms.It can be used to explain the formation and change of the dispute resolution system in China,the structural strain in recent years,the overall plan of structural adjustment since 2012,and the next strategic core of profound adjustment.It also can be used to explain why the"Fengqiao Model"is so persistent and widely applicable,and how the"Fengqiao Model"be converted from a local model to an overall requirement,showing the great meaning of adhering to and developing the"Fengqiao Model'at present.展开更多
The three-dimensional structure of trichosanthin crystallizing in space group C2 has been refined at 2.7 resolution from a previously reported starting model at 3 resolution based on a solvent flattened map and the ...The three-dimensional structure of trichosanthin crystallizing in space group C2 has been refined at 2.7 resolution from a previously reported starting model at 3 resolution based on a solvent flattened map and the revised primary structure consisting of 247 amlno-acids.The final R-factor is 19.2% with the root mean-square deviations of 0.018 from ideal bond lengths and of 2.2° from ideal bond angles.Trichosanthin molecule is composed of two domains,the large domain consisting of 181 amino-acld residues starting from N-terminus and the small domain con- sisting of the rest of the amino-acid residues.The molecule contains eight α-helices,five β-sheets made of sixteen β-strands,and some reverse turns.It is noteworthy that some of the α-helices and β-sheets show irregular hydrogen bonding patterns.Six of the thirteen residues absolutely conserved in eleven ribosome-inactivating proteins are located in a cleft near the interface of the two domains and they are likely to be active sites.Three additional conservative residues located in the cleft region might make some functional contribution as well.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2013AA102502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31372284 and 31402046)+1 种基金the Fund of Fok Ying-Tung Education Foundation(No.141117)the Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists of Sichuan Province(No. 2013JQ0013)
文摘Genomic structural variations （SVs）, particularly insertions, deletions and inversions, can contribute to the heterogeneity of millions of nucleotides within a genome, and are likely to make an important contribution to biological diversity and phenotypic variation （Alkan et al., 2011; Bickhart and Liu, 2014）. With the rapid development of the next-generation sequencing technologies and the new assembly methodolo- gies, the multiple de novo assemblies of genomes within a species allow researchers to explore more detailed SV maps （Li et al., 2011）. Compared with the traditional read depth algorithm using the whole-genome resequencing approach and array-based technologies （Baker, 2012; Wang et al., 2012;
文摘Iron-nitride films were prepared by reactive sputtering, and the effect of annealing treatment on the structures was investigated by means of in-situ electron microscopy and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). As-deposited films were observed to be a mixed structure of a few ultrafine epsilon-Fe2-3N particles existing in the amorphous matrix. it was found that the structure-relaxation in the amorphous occurred at 473 K, and the ultrafine grains began to grow at the higher annealing temperatures. The transition of the amorphous to epsilon-Fe2-3N was almost completed at 673 K. It is considered that the formation of the ideal epsilon-Fe3N is originated from the ordering of the nitrogen atoms during the annealing in vacuum. On the other hand, gamma'-phase (Fe4N) was seen to precipitation of epsilon-phase at 723 K. Two possible modes are proposed in the precipitation of gamma'-phase, depending on the heating rate and crystallographic orientation relationships, i.e. [121](epsilon)//[001](gamma), (2(1) over bar0$)(epsilon)//(110)(gamma) and [100](epsilon)//[110](gamma), (001)(epsilon)//(111)(gamma). In addition, alpha-Fe particles were observed to form from the gamma'-phase at high temperatures. We assumed that these structural changes are due to the diffusion of nitrogen and iron atoms during the annealing, except for the case of the precipitation of the gamma'-phase as depicted above. The results obtained in this work are in a good agreement with the assumption.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (01045403) and Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (102038).
文摘By means of differentiation of remote sensing image, field seismo-geological survey, analysis on drilling explora- tion materials, sampling and dating of rock samples, combined with seismicity and microscopic tectonic analysis, this paper studies the recent activity of Chihe segment of the Tanlu fault zone. The result indicates that the Chihe fault segment undergoes the deformation alternately in the mode of stick slip and creep during Late Quaternary, and its recent activity is mainly creep.
基金This article is a temporary result of the study titled"Research on the Structure of Diversified Dispute Resolution,"a general project funded by the 2021 National Social Science Foundation(No.21BFX183).
文摘As the idea of diversified dispute resolution becomes common sense,the structural relations of different dispute resolution mechanisms have become the focus of practice reforms and theoretical controversies in China.The 60-year development of the"Fengqiao Model"has always focused on the overall design of the dispute resolution system,which provides a foundation and plenty of materials for understanding these structural relationships.Combined with the development of social theory,this paper summarizes a general structural theory of dispute resolution mechanisms based on the"Fengqiao Model."This theory advocates that the structure of dispute resolution mechanisms is the outcome of the integration of state intervention,social self-regulatory,and their interactions with various dispute resolution mechanisms.It can be used to explain the formation and change of the dispute resolution system in China,the structural strain in recent years,the overall plan of structural adjustment since 2012,and the next strategic core of profound adjustment.It also can be used to explain why the"Fengqiao Model"is so persistent and widely applicable,and how the"Fengqiao Model"be converted from a local model to an overall requirement,showing the great meaning of adhering to and developing the"Fengqiao Model'at present.
文摘The three-dimensional structure of trichosanthin crystallizing in space group C2 has been refined at 2.7 resolution from a previously reported starting model at 3 resolution based on a solvent flattened map and the revised primary structure consisting of 247 amlno-acids.The final R-factor is 19.2% with the root mean-square deviations of 0.018 from ideal bond lengths and of 2.2° from ideal bond angles.Trichosanthin molecule is composed of two domains,the large domain consisting of 181 amino-acld residues starting from N-terminus and the small domain con- sisting of the rest of the amino-acid residues.The molecule contains eight α-helices,five β-sheets made of sixteen β-strands,and some reverse turns.It is noteworthy that some of the α-helices and β-sheets show irregular hydrogen bonding patterns.Six of the thirteen residues absolutely conserved in eleven ribosome-inactivating proteins are located in a cleft near the interface of the two domains and they are likely to be active sites.Three additional conservative residues located in the cleft region might make some functional contribution as well.
