The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangrov...The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangroves were analyzed in Dongzhai Harbor in Hainan Island,and the results showed that the average tree height,crown width(CW) in east-west direction(E-W) and north-south direction(N-S) of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were decreased by 2.8%,14.3% and 12.1% respectively,but the average clear bole height was increased by 60.0% after tropical storm.For C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves,the average tree height and clear bole height were increased by 8.3% and 20.0%,but there was no change in CW(E-W) and CW(N-S).Therefore,tropical storm had greater effects on artificial mangroves than natural mangroves.After tropical storm,tree heights of different species increased in the following sequence:C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.apetala>S.caseolaris,and the sequence of effect degree on CW was C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.caseolaris>S.apetala,while it was C.tagal < R.stylosa < S.caseolaris < S.apetala for clear bole height.Under the effect of tropical storm,the average biomass loss and dry biomass loss of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were 0.22 and 0.13 t/hm2 respectively,while there was a minimal biomass loss in C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves.On the whole,the wind resistance of natural mangroves was better than artificial mangroves,and that of C.tagal was stronger than R.stylosa,while S.caseolaris was better than S.apetala.展开更多
We mainly discuss changes of precipitation in China due to growinggreenhouse gases using GCM1 model assuming the IPCC 'Business-as-Usual'Scenario. An increasing greenhouse effect will lead to precipitatio...We mainly discuss changes of precipitation in China due to growinggreenhouse gases using GCM1 model assuming the IPCC 'Business-as-Usual'Scenario. An increasing greenhouse effect will lead to precipitation increasesmostly in north of 30°N for winter, and strongly increases alap a slant belt fromNortheast China to Bay of Bangal for summer in China. The mp of increasingprecipitation are about 7.9, -0.7 and 13.6 percent for winter, and 6.4, 12.9 and 8.4percent for summer m China, Changjinang and Huanghe river valleys, respectively.The model results are also shown to imply that an increasing greenhouse effectenhances chanas of intense storms and shown for winter and summer in China.展开更多
为研究透水沥青路面长期使用过程中的整体滞蓄雨水能力,文章以颍上县纬八路为例,建立研究道路的暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM),通过设计短历时降雨雨型剖析了路面在丰水、平水、枯水年3种情景下的滞蓄雨水能力,...为研究透水沥青路面长期使用过程中的整体滞蓄雨水能力,文章以颍上县纬八路为例,建立研究道路的暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM),通过设计短历时降雨雨型剖析了路面在丰水、平水、枯水年3种情景下的滞蓄雨水能力,并对路面在设计使用年限内的综合滞蓄雨效果进行模拟分析。结果表明:路面在平水年以及枯水年下年径流总量控制率分别达到72.14%和75.37%,表现出较强的雨水滞蓄能力;丰水年下路面的雨水滞蓄能力略低,除了特丰水年外,丰水年间的年径流总量控制率仅略低于目标年径流总量控制率,在3%以内;路面在设计使用年限内总平均年径流总量控制率为66.34%,符合海绵城市建设要求。展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(2005DIB3J137)National Key Technology R & D Program in the 11th Five year Plan of China(2006BAD03A1402)+1 种基金948 Project of The State Forestry Administration(2006-4-34)The Doctoral Science Foundation of Hainan University(Rndy0703)
文摘The effects of tropical storm on the community structure of Sonneratia caseolaris-Sonneratia apetala(S.caseolaris-S.apetala) artificial mangroves and Ceriops tagal-Rhizophora stylosa(C.tagal-R.stylosa) natural mangroves were analyzed in Dongzhai Harbor in Hainan Island,and the results showed that the average tree height,crown width(CW) in east-west direction(E-W) and north-south direction(N-S) of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were decreased by 2.8%,14.3% and 12.1% respectively,but the average clear bole height was increased by 60.0% after tropical storm.For C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves,the average tree height and clear bole height were increased by 8.3% and 20.0%,but there was no change in CW(E-W) and CW(N-S).Therefore,tropical storm had greater effects on artificial mangroves than natural mangroves.After tropical storm,tree heights of different species increased in the following sequence:C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.apetala>S.caseolaris,and the sequence of effect degree on CW was C.tagal>R.stylosa>S.caseolaris>S.apetala,while it was C.tagal < R.stylosa < S.caseolaris < S.apetala for clear bole height.Under the effect of tropical storm,the average biomass loss and dry biomass loss of S.caseolaris-S.apetala artificial mangroves were 0.22 and 0.13 t/hm2 respectively,while there was a minimal biomass loss in C.tagal-R.stylosa natural mangroves.On the whole,the wind resistance of natural mangroves was better than artificial mangroves,and that of C.tagal was stronger than R.stylosa,while S.caseolaris was better than S.apetala.
文摘We mainly discuss changes of precipitation in China due to growinggreenhouse gases using GCM1 model assuming the IPCC 'Business-as-Usual'Scenario. An increasing greenhouse effect will lead to precipitation increasesmostly in north of 30°N for winter, and strongly increases alap a slant belt fromNortheast China to Bay of Bangal for summer in China. The mp of increasingprecipitation are about 7.9, -0.7 and 13.6 percent for winter, and 6.4, 12.9 and 8.4percent for summer m China, Changjinang and Huanghe river valleys, respectively.The model results are also shown to imply that an increasing greenhouse effectenhances chanas of intense storms and shown for winter and summer in China.
文摘为研究透水沥青路面长期使用过程中的整体滞蓄雨水能力,文章以颍上县纬八路为例,建立研究道路的暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM),通过设计短历时降雨雨型剖析了路面在丰水、平水、枯水年3种情景下的滞蓄雨水能力,并对路面在设计使用年限内的综合滞蓄雨效果进行模拟分析。结果表明:路面在平水年以及枯水年下年径流总量控制率分别达到72.14%和75.37%,表现出较强的雨水滞蓄能力;丰水年下路面的雨水滞蓄能力略低,除了特丰水年外,丰水年间的年径流总量控制率仅略低于目标年径流总量控制率,在3%以内;路面在设计使用年限内总平均年径流总量控制率为66.34%,符合海绵城市建设要求。
