For urban wastewater treatment,we conducted a novel four-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system combined with a fluidized bed laboratory experiment to investigate chemical oxygen demand（COD）,NH4＋-N,and total n...For urban wastewater treatment,we conducted a novel four-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system combined with a fluidized bed laboratory experiment to investigate chemical oxygen demand（COD）,NH4＋-N,and total nitrogen（TN） removal performance.The removal rates of COD,NH4＋-N and TN were 88.2%,95.7%,and 86.4% with e？uent concentrations of COD,NH4＋-N and TN less than 50,8,and 10 mg/L,respectively.Biomass and bacterial activities were also measured,with results showing more nitrobacteria in the activated sludge than in the biofilm;however,bacterial activity of the biofilm biomass and the activated sludge were similar.Nitrogen concentrations during the process were also detected,with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification found to be obvious.展开更多
Two biological nitrogen removal processes are compared in the aspect of nitrogen removal, process operation and energy saving. Results show that when the returned sludge ratio is 50% of the inflow rate, the step-feedi...Two biological nitrogen removal processes are compared in the aspect of nitrogen removal, process operation and energy saving. Results show that when the returned sludge ratio is 50% of the inflow rate, the step-feeding process achieves over 80% total nitrogen （TN） removal efficiency, but the TN removal efficiency of the A/O process is only 40%. Moreover, filamentous sludge bulking can be well restrained in the step-feeding process. Given the conditions of a returned sludge ratio of 100% and a nitrifying liquor recycle ratio of 200%, the TN removal efficiency is 78.32% in the A/O process, but the sludge volume index （SVI） value increases to 143 mL/g. In the step-feeding process, the SVI is only 94.4 mL/g when the TN removal efficiency reaches 81. 1%. The step-feeding process has distinct advantages over the A/O process in the aspects of practicability, nitrogen removal and operating stability.展开更多
一、作为哲学的AI for Process(一)郭为的哲学思想1.郭为是谁郭为是谁?他是一位哲学家。顺便说,他同时还领导着神州数码。为什么说郭为是哲学家呢?因为他在著作中谈到高深的哲学,如“数据如水,奔流不息,无界融合”。他引述古希腊哲学家...一、作为哲学的AI for Process(一)郭为的哲学思想1.郭为是谁郭为是谁?他是一位哲学家。顺便说,他同时还领导着神州数码。为什么说郭为是哲学家呢?因为他在著作中谈到高深的哲学,如“数据如水,奔流不息,无界融合”。他引述古希腊哲学家赫拉克利特所说的“万物流转”,又说“你不能两次踏进同一条河流,因为新的水不断地流过你的身旁”,他所表达的意思是“世界上唯一不变的就是变化”。展开更多
For wastewater treatment in rural areas,a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system,combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process,was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing s...For wastewater treatment in rural areas,a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system,combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process,was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing suspended solids(SS),chemical oxygen demand(COD),NH4+-N,total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP).The removal rates of SS,COD and NH4+-N were 90%,80%,and 90%in efluent concentrations less than 10 mg/L,50 mg/L and 8 mg/L,respectively.The TP removal rate was less satisfactory.The C/N ratio in the raw wastewater was often less than 3.5,and the removal efficiency of TN was therefore limited.A carbon-release batch experiment was carried out to measure the feasibility of enhancing denitrification at low influent C/N ratios.The result showed that the C/N could be over 9.0 in the supernatant.Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technology was used to reveal the changes in the bacterial community during different stages of the integrated step-feed biofilm process.The results showed that banding patterns and the distribution of dominant bands for the same experimental period in different aerobic zones were similar.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that lanes 10,11 and 12,which presented three aerobic zones at the same operation period,had the closest phylogenetic relationship among the lanes.展开更多
In order to enhance phosphorus removal in traditional step-feed anoxic/oxic nitrogen removal process,a modified pilot-scale step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(SFA 2/O) system was developed,which combined a reactor simila...In order to enhance phosphorus removal in traditional step-feed anoxic/oxic nitrogen removal process,a modified pilot-scale step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(SFA 2/O) system was developed,which combined a reactor similar to UCT-type configuration and two-stage anoxic/oxic process.The simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacities and the potential of denitrifying phosphorus removal,in particular,were investigated with four different feeding patterns using real municipal wastewater.The results showed that the feeding ratios(Q1)in the first stage determined the nutrient removal performance in the SFA 2/O system.The average phosphorus removal efficiency increased from 19.17% to 96.25% as Q1 was gradually increased from run 1 to run 4,but the nitrogen removal efficiency exhibited a different tendency,which attained a maximum 73.61%in run 3 and then decreased to 59.62%in run 4.As a compromise between nitrogen and phosphorus removal,run 3 (Q1=0.45Qtotal) was identified as the optimal and stable case with the maximum anoxic phosphorus uptake rate of 1.58 mg·(g MLSS)-1 ·h-1.The results of batch tests showed that ratio of the anoxic phosphate uptake capacity to the aerobic phosphate uptake capacity increased from 11.96% to 36.85% with the optimal influent feeding ratio to the system in run 3,which demonstrated that the denitrifying polyP accumulating organisms could be accumulated and contributed more to the total phosphorus removal by optimizing the inflow ratio distribution.However,the nitrate recirculation to anoxic zone and influent feeding ratios should be carefully controlled for carbon source saving.展开更多
A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape ...A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape Town （UCT）＂. The effect of nutrient ratios and inflow distribution ratios were studied. The highest uptake efficiency of 95% for chemical oxygen demand （COD） has been achieved at the inflow distribution ratio of 40/35/25. However, maximum removal efficiency obtained for total nitrogen （TN） and phosphorus at 93% and 78%, respectively. The average mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） was 5500 mg·L- 1. In addition, convenient values for dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration, and pH were obtained throughout different stages. The proposed system was identified to be an appropriate enhanced biological nutrient removal process for wastewater treatment plants owing to relatively high nutrient removal, sturdy sludge settle ability and COD removal.展开更多
Evaluation on nitrogen removal of step-feed anoxic/oxic activated sludge process at the standpoint of reaction kinetics and process kinetics was conducted. Theoretical biological nitrogen removal efficiency was deduce...Evaluation on nitrogen removal of step-feed anoxic/oxic activated sludge process at the standpoint of reaction kinetics and process kinetics was conducted. Theoretical biological nitrogen removal efficiency was deduced based on the mass balance of nitrate in the last stage. The comparison of pre-denitrification process and step feed process in the aspects of nitrogen removal efficiency, volume of reactor and building investment was studied, and the results indicated that step-feed anoxic/oxic activated sludge process was superior to pre-denitrification process in these aspects.展开更多
Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim ...Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of significant,novel,and high-impact research in the fields of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.展开更多
The in-flight heating process of cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))powders was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.In the experiment,CeO_(2)powder(average size of 30μm)was injected into radio-frequency(RF...The in-flight heating process of cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))powders was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.In the experiment,CeO_(2)powder(average size of 30μm)was injected into radio-frequency(RF)argon plasma,and the temperatures were measured using a DPV-2000 monitor.A model combining the electromagnetism,thermal flow,and heat transfer characteristics of powder during in-flight heating in argon plasma was proposed.The melting processes of CeO_(2)powders of different diameters,with and without thermal resistance effect,were investigated.Results show that the heating process of CeO_(2)powder particles consists of three main stages,one of which is relevant to a dimensionless parameter known as the Biot number.When the Biot value≥0.1,thermal resistance increases significantly,especially for the larger powders.The predicted temperature of the particles at the outlet(1800–2880 K)is in good agreement with the experimental result.展开更多
The hot compression deformation behavior of Mg-6Zn-1Mn-0.5Ca(ZM61-0.5Ca)and Mg-6Zn-1Mn-2Sn-0.5Ca(ZMT612-0.5Ca)alloys was investigated at deformation temperatures ranging from 250℃to 400℃and strain rates varying from...The hot compression deformation behavior of Mg-6Zn-1Mn-0.5Ca(ZM61-0.5Ca)and Mg-6Zn-1Mn-2Sn-0.5Ca(ZMT612-0.5Ca)alloys was investigated at deformation temperatures ranging from 250℃to 400℃and strain rates varying from 0.001 s^(-1) to 1 s^(-1).The results show that the addition of Sn promotes dynamic recrystallization(DRX),and CaMgSn phases can act as nucleation sites during the compression deformation.Flow stress increases with increasing the strain rate and decreasing the temperature.Both the ZM61-0.5Ca and ZMT612-0.5Ca alloys exhibit obvious DRX characteristics.CaMgSn phases can effectively inhibit dislocation motion with the addition of Sn,thus increasing the peak fl ow stress of the alloy.The addition of Sn increases the hot deformation activation energy of the ZM61-0.5Ca alloy from 199.654 kJ/mol to 276.649 kJ/mol,thus improving the thermal stability of the alloy.For the ZMT612-0.5Ca alloy,the optimal hot deformation parameters are determined to be a deformation temperature range of 350–400℃and a strain rate range of 0.001–0.01 s^(-1).展开更多
Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim ...Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of signifi cant,novel,and high-impact research in the fi elds of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.展开更多
Refractory metals,including tungsten(W),tantalum(Ta),molybdenum(Mo),and niobium(Nb),play a vital role in industries,such as nuclear energy and aerospace,owing to their exceptional melting temperatures,thermal durabili...Refractory metals,including tungsten(W),tantalum(Ta),molybdenum(Mo),and niobium(Nb),play a vital role in industries,such as nuclear energy and aerospace,owing to their exceptional melting temperatures,thermal durability,and corrosion resistance.These metals have body-centered cubic crystal structure,characterized by limited slip systems and impeded dislocation motion,resulting in significant low-temperature brittleness,which poses challenges for the conventional processing.Additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative approach,enabling the production of intricate parts without molds,which significantly improves the efficiency of material usage.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in additive manufacturing techniques for the production of refractory metals,such as W,Ta,Mo,and Nb,particularly the laser powder bed fusion.In this review,the influence mechanisms of key process parameters(laser power,scan strategy,and powder characteristics)on the evolution of material microstructure,the formation of metallurgical defects,and mechanical properties were discussed.Generally,optimizing powder characteristics,such as sphericity,implementing substrate preheating,and formulating alloying strategies can significantly improve the densification and crack resistance of manufactured parts.Meanwhile,strictly controlling the oxygen impurity content and optimizing the energy density input are also the key factors to achieve the simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of refractory metals.Although additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative solution for processing refractory metals,critical issues,such as residual stress control,microstructure and performance anisotropy,and process stability,still need to be addressed.This review not only provides a theoretical basis for the additive manufacturing of high-performance refractory metals,but also proposes forward-looking directions for their industrial application.展开更多
Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)has emerged as a promising approach for fabricating large-scale components.However,conventional WAAM still faces challenges in optimizing microstructural evolution,minimizing addit...Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)has emerged as a promising approach for fabricating large-scale components.However,conventional WAAM still faces challenges in optimizing microstructural evolution,minimizing additive-induced defects,and alleviating residual stress and deformation,all of which are critical for enhancing the mechanical performance of the manufactured parts.Integrating interlayer friction stir processing(FSP)into WAAM significantly enhances the quality of deposited materials.However,numerical simulation research focusing on elucidating the associated thermomechanical coupling mechanisms remains insufficient.A comprehensive numerical model was developed to simulate the thermomechanical coupling behavior in friction stir-assisted WAAM.The influence of post-deposition FSP on the coupled thermomechanical response of the WAAM process was analyzed quantitatively.Moreover,the residual stress distribution and deformation behavior under both single-layer and multilayer deposition conditions were investigated.Thermal analysis of different deposition layers in WAAM and friction stir-assisted WAAM was conducted.Results show that subsequent layer deposition induces partial remelting of the previously solidified layer,whereas FSP does not cause such remelting.Furthermore,thermal stress and deformation analysis confirm that interlayer FSP effectively mitigates residual stresses and distortion in WAAM components,thereby improving their structural integrity and mechanical properties.展开更多
Processes supported by process-aware information systems are subject to continuous and often subtle changes due to evolving operational,organizational,or regulatory factors.These changes,referred to as incremental con...Processes supported by process-aware information systems are subject to continuous and often subtle changes due to evolving operational,organizational,or regulatory factors.These changes,referred to as incremental concept drift,gradually alter the behavior or structure of processes,making their detection and localization a challenging task.Traditional process mining techniques frequently assume process stationarity and are limited in their ability to detect such drift,particularly from a control-flow perspective.The objective of this research is to develop an interpretable and robust framework capable of detecting and localizing incremental concept drift in event logs,with a specific emphasis on the structural evolution of control-flow semantics in processes.We propose DriftXMiner,a control-flow-aware hybrid framework that combines statistical,machine learning,and process model analysis techniques.The approach comprises three key components:(1)Cumulative Drift Scanner that tracks directional statistical deviations to detect early drift signals;(2)a Temporal Clustering and Drift-Aware Forest Ensemble(DAFE)to capture distributional and classification-level changes in process behavior;and(3)Petri net-based process model reconstruction,which enables the precise localization of structural drift using transition deviation metrics and replay fitness scores.Experimental validation on the BPI Challenge 2017 event log demonstrates that DriftXMiner effectively identifies and localizes gradual and incremental process drift over time.The framework achieves a detection accuracy of 92.5%,a localization precision of 90.3%,and an F1-score of 0.91,outperforming competitive baselines such as CUSUM+Histograms and ADWIN+Alpha Miner.Visual analyses further confirm that identified drift points align with transitions in control-flow models and behavioral cluster structures.DriftXMiner offers a novel and interpretable solution for incremental concept drift detection and localization in dynamic,process-aware systems.By integrating statistical signal accumulation,temporal behavior profiling,and structural process mining,the framework enables finegrained drift explanation and supports adaptive process intelligence in evolving environments.Its modular architecture supports extension to streaming data and real-time monitoring contexts.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of xu-argument-based continuation writing on learners’processing of source texts.Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to three conditions:(1)continuation writing,(2)sum...This study investigated the effects of xu-argument-based continuation writing on learners’processing of source texts.Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to three conditions:(1)continuation writing,(2)summary writing,or(3)reading comprehension.Eye-tracking data were collected during reading,measuring early(first fixation duration,first pass duration)and late(go-past time,total fixation duration)eye movements.During writing,source-text rereading was tracked via fixation counts and durations.Results showed that task type did not affect initial lexical access,as first fixation duration showed no group differences.However,both production groups exhibited significantly longer first pass durations than the reading comprehension group.Late measures revealed a gradient pattern:the continuation writing group spent significantly longer gopast time and total fixation duration than the summary writing group,which exceeded the reading comprehension group.This indicates that continuation tasks promoted deeper cognitive engagement during reading.During writing,the continuation writing group spent more time rereading the source text with higher fixation counts than the summary writing group.These findings suggest that continuation writing triggers more intensive reader-text interaction during pre-writing and enhances comprehension-production coupling through sustained attention to input during writing.This study sheds light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the theoretical and pedagogical value of xu-argument.展开更多
The aging process is an inexorable fact throughout our lives and is considered a major factor in develo ping neurological dysfunctions associated with cognitive,emotional,and motor impairments.Aging-associated neurode...The aging process is an inexorable fact throughout our lives and is considered a major factor in develo ping neurological dysfunctions associated with cognitive,emotional,and motor impairments.Aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function.展开更多
Dynamic melt modification of polyethylene via the direct grafting of peroxide fragments shows promise for the development of processable functionalized materials.In this study,four linear low-density polyethylenes(LLD...Dynamic melt modification of polyethylene via the direct grafting of peroxide fragments shows promise for the development of processable functionalized materials.In this study,four linear low-density polyethylenes(LLDPEs)with comparable molecular weights but different short-chain branch(SCB)contents(ranging of 5-66 per 1000 carbon atoms)were modified via dynamic melt mixing using 2 wt% benzoyl peroxide at 145℃ and 50 r/min for 30 min.The influence of SCB content on the processability and structure of the resulting products was systematically investigated.All modified products exhibited good melt processability with melt flow rates(MFR)ranging from 0.46 g/10min to 1.07 g/10min.Products derived from low-SCB LLDPEs showed a lower MFR,higher cross-linking content,a larger number of long-chain branches,and a higher degree of benzoyl grafting.In contrast,those produced from high-SCB LLDPEs exhibited improved processability,reduced cross-linking,fewer long-chain branches,and lower benzoyl grafting levels.A detailed structural investigation of the soluble and insoluble fractions,which were separated using trichlorobenzene fractionation,was conducted to analyze the structural features of various modified products and demonstrate that the SCB content(i.e.,tertiary carbon density)significantly influences radical coupling during dynamic modification.Elevated tertiary carbon density,by introducing greater steric hindrance,suppresses radical coupling during dynamic modification,thereby reducing the efficiency of both crosslinking and peroxide fragment grafting.These findings provide new insights into the structure-reactivity relationships in peroxide-induced polyethylene modification and lay the foundation for tailoring material properties via dynamic processing.展开更多
Business Process Modelling(BPM)is essential for analyzing,improving,and automating the flow of information within organizations,but traditional approaches based on manual interpretation are slow,error-prone,and requir...Business Process Modelling(BPM)is essential for analyzing,improving,and automating the flow of information within organizations,but traditional approaches based on manual interpretation are slow,error-prone,and require a high level of expertise.This article proposes an innovative alternative solution that overcomes these limitations by automatically generating comprehensive Business Process Modelling and Notation(BPMN)diagrams solely from verbal descriptions of the processes to be modeled,utilizing Large Language Models(LLMs)and multimodal Artificial Intelligence(AI).Experimental results,based on video recordings of process explanations provided by an expert from an organization(in this case,the Commercial Courts of a public justice administration),demonstrate that the proposed methodology successfully enables the automatic generation of complete and accurate BPMN diagrams,leading to significant improvements in the speed,accuracy,and accessibility of process modeling.This research makes a substantial contribution to the field of business process modeling,as its methodology is groundbreaking in its use of LLMs and multimodal AI capabilities to handle different types of source material(text and video),combining several tools to minimize the number of queries and reduce the complexity of the prompts required for the automatic generation of successful BPMN diagrams.展开更多
The complexity of the seismicity pattern for the subduction zone along the oceanic plate triggered the outer rise events and revealed cyclic tectonic deformation conditions along the plate subduction zones.The outer r...The complexity of the seismicity pattern for the subduction zone along the oceanic plate triggered the outer rise events and revealed cyclic tectonic deformation conditions along the plate subduction zones.The outer rise earthquakes have been observed along the Sunda arc,following the estimated rupture area of the 2005 M_(W)8.6 Nias earthquakes.Here,we used kinematic waveform inversion(KIWI)to obtain the source parameters of the 14 May 2021 M_(W)6.6 event off the west coast of northern Sumatra and to define the fault plane that triggered this outer rise event.The KIWI algorithm allows two types of seismic source to be configured:the moment tensor model to describe the type of shear with six moment tensor components and the Eikonal model for the rupture of pure double-couple sources.This method was chosen for its flexibility to be applied for different sources of seismicity and also for the automated full-moment tensor solution with real-time monitoring.We used full waveform traces from 8 broadband seismic stations within 1000 km epicentral distances sourced from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology(IRIS-IDA)and Geofon GFZ seismic record databases.The initial origin time and hypocenter values are obtained from the IRIS-IDA.The synthetic seismograms used in the inversion process are based on the existing regional green function database model and were accessed from the KIWI Tools Green's Function Database.The obtained scalar seismic moment value is 1.18×10^(19)N·m,equivalent to a moment magnitude M_(W)6.6.The source parameters are 140°,44°,and−99°for the strike,dip,and rake values at a centroid depth of 10.2 km,indicating that this event is a normal fault earthquake that occurred in the outer rise area.The outer rise events with normal faults typically occur at the shallow part of the plate,with nodal-plane dips predominantly in the range of 30°-60°on the weak oceanic lithosphere due to hydrothermal alteration.The stress regime around the plate subduction zone varies both temporally and spatially due to the cyclic influences of megathrust earthquakes.Tensional outer rise earthquakes tend to occur after the megathrust events.The relative timing of these events is not known due to the viscous relaxation of the down going slab and poroelastic response in the trench slope region.The occurrence of the 14 May 2021 earthquake shows the seismicity in the outer rise region in the strongly coupled Sunda arc subduction zone due to elastic bending stress within the duration of the seismic cycle.展开更多
In order to optimize the reaming process of the type IV composite hydrogen storage cylinder,the netting theory was employed for the design of stacking sequences,and the thickness in the head section was predicted.A fi...In order to optimize the reaming process of the type IV composite hydrogen storage cylinder,the netting theory was employed for the design of stacking sequences,and the thickness in the head section was predicted.A finite element model of the plastic-lined composite hydrogen storage cylinder,designed to withstand a working pressure of 70.0 MPa,was established by using the wound composite modeler(WCM)in the Abaqus software to analyze the forces acting on the winding layer.The Hashin failure criterion was utilized as the standard for assessing composite failure,and a progressive failure analysis of the cylinder was conducted to predict both the bursting pressure and the failure location of the composite hydrogen storage cylinder.The results indicate that the reaming process can effectively reduce the maximum filament winding thickness in the head section and promote a more uniform transition.At the bursting pressure,the stress within the head liner decreases,thereby enhancing the ultimate bearing capacity of the cylinder.A control system for a four-axis winding machine was designed by utilizing an industrial computer and a programmable multi-axis controller(PMAC).The winding line pattern is designed and the G-code trajectory is generated by the industrial computer.The numerical control system,composed of the PMAC and servo motor,executes the four-axis interpolation motion.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research Development Program (863) of China(No. 2007AA06A411)the Science and Technology Research Projects of Heilongjiang Education Committee(No. 11551130)
文摘For urban wastewater treatment,we conducted a novel four-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system combined with a fluidized bed laboratory experiment to investigate chemical oxygen demand（COD）,NH4＋-N,and total nitrogen（TN） removal performance.The removal rates of COD,NH4＋-N and TN were 88.2%,95.7%,and 86.4% with e？uent concentrations of COD,NH4＋-N and TN less than 50,8,and 10 mg/L,respectively.Biomass and bacterial activities were also measured,with results showing more nitrobacteria in the activated sludge than in the biofilm;however,bacterial activity of the biofilm biomass and the activated sludge were similar.Nitrogen concentrations during the process were also detected,with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification found to be obvious.
基金The Project of Scientific Research Base and Scientific Innovation Platform of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (No.PXM2008-014204-050843)the Project of Beijing Science and Technology Committee (No.D07050601500000)+1 种基金the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.RCEES-QN-200706)the Special Funds for Young Scholars of RCEES,CAS.
文摘Two biological nitrogen removal processes are compared in the aspect of nitrogen removal, process operation and energy saving. Results show that when the returned sludge ratio is 50% of the inflow rate, the step-feeding process achieves over 80% total nitrogen （TN） removal efficiency, but the TN removal efficiency of the A/O process is only 40%. Moreover, filamentous sludge bulking can be well restrained in the step-feeding process. Given the conditions of a returned sludge ratio of 100% and a nitrifying liquor recycle ratio of 200%, the TN removal efficiency is 78.32% in the A/O process, but the sludge volume index （SVI） value increases to 143 mL/g. In the step-feeding process, the SVI is only 94.4 mL/g when the TN removal efficiency reaches 81. 1%. The step-feeding process has distinct advantages over the A/O process in the aspects of practicability, nitrogen removal and operating stability.
文摘一、作为哲学的AI for Process(一)郭为的哲学思想1.郭为是谁郭为是谁?他是一位哲学家。顺便说,他同时还领导着神州数码。为什么说郭为是哲学家呢?因为他在著作中谈到高深的哲学,如“数据如水,奔流不息,无界融合”。他引述古希腊哲学家赫拉克利特所说的“万物流转”,又说“你不能两次踏进同一条河流,因为新的水不断地流过你的身旁”,他所表达的意思是“世界上唯一不变的就是变化”。
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.kzcx1-yw-06-20)the special fund from the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry(No.09Y06ESPCR)
文摘For wastewater treatment in rural areas,a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system,combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process,was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing suspended solids(SS),chemical oxygen demand(COD),NH4+-N,total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP).The removal rates of SS,COD and NH4+-N were 90%,80%,and 90%in efluent concentrations less than 10 mg/L,50 mg/L and 8 mg/L,respectively.The TP removal rate was less satisfactory.The C/N ratio in the raw wastewater was often less than 3.5,and the removal efficiency of TN was therefore limited.A carbon-release batch experiment was carried out to measure the feasibility of enhancing denitrification at low influent C/N ratios.The result showed that the C/N could be over 9.0 in the supernatant.Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technology was used to reveal the changes in the bacterial community during different stages of the integrated step-feed biofilm process.The results showed that banding patterns and the distribution of dominant bands for the same experimental period in different aerobic zones were similar.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that lanes 10,11 and 12,which presented three aerobic zones at the same operation period,had the closest phylogenetic relationship among the lanes.
基金Supported by the Project of Beijing Science and Technology Committee (D07050601500000)the National Key Science and Technology Special Projects (2008ZX07317-007-105)
文摘In order to enhance phosphorus removal in traditional step-feed anoxic/oxic nitrogen removal process,a modified pilot-scale step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(SFA 2/O) system was developed,which combined a reactor similar to UCT-type configuration and two-stage anoxic/oxic process.The simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacities and the potential of denitrifying phosphorus removal,in particular,were investigated with four different feeding patterns using real municipal wastewater.The results showed that the feeding ratios(Q1)in the first stage determined the nutrient removal performance in the SFA 2/O system.The average phosphorus removal efficiency increased from 19.17% to 96.25% as Q1 was gradually increased from run 1 to run 4,but the nitrogen removal efficiency exhibited a different tendency,which attained a maximum 73.61%in run 3 and then decreased to 59.62%in run 4.As a compromise between nitrogen and phosphorus removal,run 3 (Q1=0.45Qtotal) was identified as the optimal and stable case with the maximum anoxic phosphorus uptake rate of 1.58 mg·(g MLSS)-1 ·h-1.The results of batch tests showed that ratio of the anoxic phosphate uptake capacity to the aerobic phosphate uptake capacity increased from 11.96% to 36.85% with the optimal influent feeding ratio to the system in run 3,which demonstrated that the denitrifying polyP accumulating organisms could be accumulated and contributed more to the total phosphorus removal by optimizing the inflow ratio distribution.However,the nitrate recirculation to anoxic zone and influent feeding ratios should be carefully controlled for carbon source saving.
文摘A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape Town （UCT）＂. The effect of nutrient ratios and inflow distribution ratios were studied. The highest uptake efficiency of 95% for chemical oxygen demand （COD） has been achieved at the inflow distribution ratio of 40/35/25. However, maximum removal efficiency obtained for total nitrogen （TN） and phosphorus at 93% and 78%, respectively. The average mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） was 5500 mg·L- 1. In addition, convenient values for dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration, and pH were obtained throughout different stages. The proposed system was identified to be an appropriate enhanced biological nutrient removal process for wastewater treatment plants owing to relatively high nutrient removal, sturdy sludge settle ability and COD removal.
文摘Evaluation on nitrogen removal of step-feed anoxic/oxic activated sludge process at the standpoint of reaction kinetics and process kinetics was conducted. Theoretical biological nitrogen removal efficiency was deduced based on the mass balance of nitrate in the last stage. The comparison of pre-denitrification process and step feed process in the aspects of nitrogen removal efficiency, volume of reactor and building investment was studied, and the results indicated that step-feed anoxic/oxic activated sludge process was superior to pre-denitrification process in these aspects.
文摘Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of significant,novel,and high-impact research in the fields of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11875039)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2023-033)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021221071)China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgical Innovation Foundation(2022)2023 Anhui Major Industrial Innovation Plan Project。
文摘The in-flight heating process of cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))powders was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.In the experiment,CeO_(2)powder(average size of 30μm)was injected into radio-frequency(RF)argon plasma,and the temperatures were measured using a DPV-2000 monitor.A model combining the electromagnetism,thermal flow,and heat transfer characteristics of powder during in-flight heating in argon plasma was proposed.The melting processes of CeO_(2)powders of different diameters,with and without thermal resistance effect,were investigated.Results show that the heating process of CeO_(2)powder particles consists of three main stages,one of which is relevant to a dimensionless parameter known as the Biot number.When the Biot value≥0.1,thermal resistance increases significantly,especially for the larger powders.The predicted temperature of the particles at the outlet(1800–2880 K)is in good agreement with the experimental result.
基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2025ZNSFSC1341)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(J2022-090,25CAFUC04087)。
文摘The hot compression deformation behavior of Mg-6Zn-1Mn-0.5Ca(ZM61-0.5Ca)and Mg-6Zn-1Mn-2Sn-0.5Ca(ZMT612-0.5Ca)alloys was investigated at deformation temperatures ranging from 250℃to 400℃and strain rates varying from 0.001 s^(-1) to 1 s^(-1).The results show that the addition of Sn promotes dynamic recrystallization(DRX),and CaMgSn phases can act as nucleation sites during the compression deformation.Flow stress increases with increasing the strain rate and decreasing the temperature.Both the ZM61-0.5Ca and ZMT612-0.5Ca alloys exhibit obvious DRX characteristics.CaMgSn phases can effectively inhibit dislocation motion with the addition of Sn,thus increasing the peak fl ow stress of the alloy.The addition of Sn increases the hot deformation activation energy of the ZM61-0.5Ca alloy from 199.654 kJ/mol to 276.649 kJ/mol,thus improving the thermal stability of the alloy.For the ZMT612-0.5Ca alloy,the optimal hot deformation parameters are determined to be a deformation temperature range of 350–400℃and a strain rate range of 0.001–0.01 s^(-1).
文摘Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of signifi cant,novel,and high-impact research in the fi elds of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.
基金National MCF Energy R&D Program(2024YFE03260300)。
文摘Refractory metals,including tungsten(W),tantalum(Ta),molybdenum(Mo),and niobium(Nb),play a vital role in industries,such as nuclear energy and aerospace,owing to their exceptional melting temperatures,thermal durability,and corrosion resistance.These metals have body-centered cubic crystal structure,characterized by limited slip systems and impeded dislocation motion,resulting in significant low-temperature brittleness,which poses challenges for the conventional processing.Additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative approach,enabling the production of intricate parts without molds,which significantly improves the efficiency of material usage.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in additive manufacturing techniques for the production of refractory metals,such as W,Ta,Mo,and Nb,particularly the laser powder bed fusion.In this review,the influence mechanisms of key process parameters(laser power,scan strategy,and powder characteristics)on the evolution of material microstructure,the formation of metallurgical defects,and mechanical properties were discussed.Generally,optimizing powder characteristics,such as sphericity,implementing substrate preheating,and formulating alloying strategies can significantly improve the densification and crack resistance of manufactured parts.Meanwhile,strictly controlling the oxygen impurity content and optimizing the energy density input are also the key factors to achieve the simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of refractory metals.Although additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative solution for processing refractory metals,critical issues,such as residual stress control,microstructure and performance anisotropy,and process stability,still need to be addressed.This review not only provides a theoretical basis for the additive manufacturing of high-performance refractory metals,but also proposes forward-looking directions for their industrial application.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4600902)Shandong Provincial Science Foundation for Outstanding Young Scholars(ZR2024YQ020)。
文摘Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)has emerged as a promising approach for fabricating large-scale components.However,conventional WAAM still faces challenges in optimizing microstructural evolution,minimizing additive-induced defects,and alleviating residual stress and deformation,all of which are critical for enhancing the mechanical performance of the manufactured parts.Integrating interlayer friction stir processing(FSP)into WAAM significantly enhances the quality of deposited materials.However,numerical simulation research focusing on elucidating the associated thermomechanical coupling mechanisms remains insufficient.A comprehensive numerical model was developed to simulate the thermomechanical coupling behavior in friction stir-assisted WAAM.The influence of post-deposition FSP on the coupled thermomechanical response of the WAAM process was analyzed quantitatively.Moreover,the residual stress distribution and deformation behavior under both single-layer and multilayer deposition conditions were investigated.Thermal analysis of different deposition layers in WAAM and friction stir-assisted WAAM was conducted.Results show that subsequent layer deposition induces partial remelting of the previously solidified layer,whereas FSP does not cause such remelting.Furthermore,thermal stress and deformation analysis confirm that interlayer FSP effectively mitigates residual stresses and distortion in WAAM components,thereby improving their structural integrity and mechanical properties.
文摘Processes supported by process-aware information systems are subject to continuous and often subtle changes due to evolving operational,organizational,or regulatory factors.These changes,referred to as incremental concept drift,gradually alter the behavior or structure of processes,making their detection and localization a challenging task.Traditional process mining techniques frequently assume process stationarity and are limited in their ability to detect such drift,particularly from a control-flow perspective.The objective of this research is to develop an interpretable and robust framework capable of detecting and localizing incremental concept drift in event logs,with a specific emphasis on the structural evolution of control-flow semantics in processes.We propose DriftXMiner,a control-flow-aware hybrid framework that combines statistical,machine learning,and process model analysis techniques.The approach comprises three key components:(1)Cumulative Drift Scanner that tracks directional statistical deviations to detect early drift signals;(2)a Temporal Clustering and Drift-Aware Forest Ensemble(DAFE)to capture distributional and classification-level changes in process behavior;and(3)Petri net-based process model reconstruction,which enables the precise localization of structural drift using transition deviation metrics and replay fitness scores.Experimental validation on the BPI Challenge 2017 event log demonstrates that DriftXMiner effectively identifies and localizes gradual and incremental process drift over time.The framework achieves a detection accuracy of 92.5%,a localization precision of 90.3%,and an F1-score of 0.91,outperforming competitive baselines such as CUSUM+Histograms and ADWIN+Alpha Miner.Visual analyses further confirm that identified drift points align with transitions in control-flow models and behavioral cluster structures.DriftXMiner offers a novel and interpretable solution for incremental concept drift detection and localization in dynamic,process-aware systems.By integrating statistical signal accumulation,temporal behavior profiling,and structural process mining,the framework enables finegrained drift explanation and supports adaptive process intelligence in evolving environments.Its modular architecture supports extension to streaming data and real-time monitoring contexts.
文摘This study investigated the effects of xu-argument-based continuation writing on learners’processing of source texts.Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to three conditions:(1)continuation writing,(2)summary writing,or(3)reading comprehension.Eye-tracking data were collected during reading,measuring early(first fixation duration,first pass duration)and late(go-past time,total fixation duration)eye movements.During writing,source-text rereading was tracked via fixation counts and durations.Results showed that task type did not affect initial lexical access,as first fixation duration showed no group differences.However,both production groups exhibited significantly longer first pass durations than the reading comprehension group.Late measures revealed a gradient pattern:the continuation writing group spent significantly longer gopast time and total fixation duration than the summary writing group,which exceeded the reading comprehension group.This indicates that continuation tasks promoted deeper cognitive engagement during reading.During writing,the continuation writing group spent more time rereading the source text with higher fixation counts than the summary writing group.These findings suggest that continuation writing triggers more intensive reader-text interaction during pre-writing and enhances comprehension-production coupling through sustained attention to input during writing.This study sheds light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the theoretical and pedagogical value of xu-argument.
文摘The aging process is an inexorable fact throughout our lives and is considered a major factor in develo ping neurological dysfunctions associated with cognitive,emotional,and motor impairments.Aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function.
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Company Limited,China(No.2022DJ6314)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173056)。
文摘Dynamic melt modification of polyethylene via the direct grafting of peroxide fragments shows promise for the development of processable functionalized materials.In this study,four linear low-density polyethylenes(LLDPEs)with comparable molecular weights but different short-chain branch(SCB)contents(ranging of 5-66 per 1000 carbon atoms)were modified via dynamic melt mixing using 2 wt% benzoyl peroxide at 145℃ and 50 r/min for 30 min.The influence of SCB content on the processability and structure of the resulting products was systematically investigated.All modified products exhibited good melt processability with melt flow rates(MFR)ranging from 0.46 g/10min to 1.07 g/10min.Products derived from low-SCB LLDPEs showed a lower MFR,higher cross-linking content,a larger number of long-chain branches,and a higher degree of benzoyl grafting.In contrast,those produced from high-SCB LLDPEs exhibited improved processability,reduced cross-linking,fewer long-chain branches,and lower benzoyl grafting levels.A detailed structural investigation of the soluble and insoluble fractions,which were separated using trichlorobenzene fractionation,was conducted to analyze the structural features of various modified products and demonstrate that the SCB content(i.e.,tertiary carbon density)significantly influences radical coupling during dynamic modification.Elevated tertiary carbon density,by introducing greater steric hindrance,suppresses radical coupling during dynamic modification,thereby reducing the efficiency of both crosslinking and peroxide fragment grafting.These findings provide new insights into the structure-reactivity relationships in peroxide-induced polyethylene modification and lay the foundation for tailoring material properties via dynamic processing.
基金funded by Fundación CajaCanarias and Fundación Bancaria“la Caixa”,grant number 2023DIG11.
文摘Business Process Modelling(BPM)is essential for analyzing,improving,and automating the flow of information within organizations,but traditional approaches based on manual interpretation are slow,error-prone,and require a high level of expertise.This article proposes an innovative alternative solution that overcomes these limitations by automatically generating comprehensive Business Process Modelling and Notation(BPMN)diagrams solely from verbal descriptions of the processes to be modeled,utilizing Large Language Models(LLMs)and multimodal Artificial Intelligence(AI).Experimental results,based on video recordings of process explanations provided by an expert from an organization(in this case,the Commercial Courts of a public justice administration),demonstrate that the proposed methodology successfully enables the automatic generation of complete and accurate BPMN diagrams,leading to significant improvements in the speed,accuracy,and accessibility of process modeling.This research makes a substantial contribution to the field of business process modeling,as its methodology is groundbreaking in its use of LLMs and multimodal AI capabilities to handle different types of source material(text and video),combining several tools to minimize the number of queries and reduce the complexity of the prompts required for the automatic generation of successful BPMN diagrams.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42130312)。
文摘The complexity of the seismicity pattern for the subduction zone along the oceanic plate triggered the outer rise events and revealed cyclic tectonic deformation conditions along the plate subduction zones.The outer rise earthquakes have been observed along the Sunda arc,following the estimated rupture area of the 2005 M_(W)8.6 Nias earthquakes.Here,we used kinematic waveform inversion(KIWI)to obtain the source parameters of the 14 May 2021 M_(W)6.6 event off the west coast of northern Sumatra and to define the fault plane that triggered this outer rise event.The KIWI algorithm allows two types of seismic source to be configured:the moment tensor model to describe the type of shear with six moment tensor components and the Eikonal model for the rupture of pure double-couple sources.This method was chosen for its flexibility to be applied for different sources of seismicity and also for the automated full-moment tensor solution with real-time monitoring.We used full waveform traces from 8 broadband seismic stations within 1000 km epicentral distances sourced from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology(IRIS-IDA)and Geofon GFZ seismic record databases.The initial origin time and hypocenter values are obtained from the IRIS-IDA.The synthetic seismograms used in the inversion process are based on the existing regional green function database model and were accessed from the KIWI Tools Green's Function Database.The obtained scalar seismic moment value is 1.18×10^(19)N·m,equivalent to a moment magnitude M_(W)6.6.The source parameters are 140°,44°,and−99°for the strike,dip,and rake values at a centroid depth of 10.2 km,indicating that this event is a normal fault earthquake that occurred in the outer rise area.The outer rise events with normal faults typically occur at the shallow part of the plate,with nodal-plane dips predominantly in the range of 30°-60°on the weak oceanic lithosphere due to hydrothermal alteration.The stress regime around the plate subduction zone varies both temporally and spatially due to the cyclic influences of megathrust earthquakes.Tensional outer rise earthquakes tend to occur after the megathrust events.The relative timing of these events is not known due to the viscous relaxation of the down going slab and poroelastic response in the trench slope region.The occurrence of the 14 May 2021 earthquake shows the seismicity in the outer rise region in the strongly coupled Sunda arc subduction zone due to elastic bending stress within the duration of the seismic cycle.
文摘In order to optimize the reaming process of the type IV composite hydrogen storage cylinder,the netting theory was employed for the design of stacking sequences,and the thickness in the head section was predicted.A finite element model of the plastic-lined composite hydrogen storage cylinder,designed to withstand a working pressure of 70.0 MPa,was established by using the wound composite modeler(WCM)in the Abaqus software to analyze the forces acting on the winding layer.The Hashin failure criterion was utilized as the standard for assessing composite failure,and a progressive failure analysis of the cylinder was conducted to predict both the bursting pressure and the failure location of the composite hydrogen storage cylinder.The results indicate that the reaming process can effectively reduce the maximum filament winding thickness in the head section and promote a more uniform transition.At the bursting pressure,the stress within the head liner decreases,thereby enhancing the ultimate bearing capacity of the cylinder.A control system for a four-axis winding machine was designed by utilizing an industrial computer and a programmable multi-axis controller(PMAC).The winding line pattern is designed and the G-code trajectory is generated by the industrial computer.The numerical control system,composed of the PMAC and servo motor,executes the four-axis interpolation motion.
