The bacterial swollen stem canker of poplar is prevalent in planted poplars of northeast China. Serious damage occurs in the form of necrosis, putridity, cankers, swollen stems and discolored wood of trunks and branch...The bacterial swollen stem canker of poplar is prevalent in planted poplars of northeast China. Serious damage occurs in the form of necrosis, putridity, cankers, swollen stems and discolored wood of trunks and branches of young and mature trees. Tests of allergic reaction, pathogenicity, culture characteristic, Gram stain and anaerobic culture revealed that the pathogen is Erwinia sp. Its occurrence depends mainly on the predisposing factors of the disease among which the susceptibility of poplars is the most important one. The disease becomes widespread in association with low-lying and high-humidity terrain, frost injury, node wounds, insect damage, and pruning and other mechanical wounds. Harmful factors promote the disease.展开更多
African mahogany,Khaya grandifoliola C.DC.,is the most planted mahogany species in Brazil,and became the choice species when plantations of Brazilian mahogany,Swietenia macrophyla King became unsustainable due to thei...African mahogany,Khaya grandifoliola C.DC.,is the most planted mahogany species in Brazil,and became the choice species when plantations of Brazilian mahogany,Swietenia macrophyla King became unsustainable due to their susceptibility to the shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella Zeller.This study evaluated plantation growth and the occurrence of cankers associated with Ectomyelois muriscis Dyar larvae.Surveys recorded plantation volume,survival,and canker incidence of a plantation established in 2010 at 6 m×5.5 m spacing.Larvae were collected and reared on canker bark fragments until final adult stage.Cankers were frequently associated with Ectomyelois muriscis larvae.The average incidence of the moth(2.9%)was not a significant concern,however,an extreme incidence of 45%would indicate that management strategies should be developed.This is the first report of Ectomyelois muriscis attacking the bark of Khaya grandifoliola in the Cerrado biome.展开更多
【目的】明确中国陕南地区核桃树溃疡病成因。【方法】对陕西南部主要核桃产区的病害流行情况进行跟踪调查,从典型的枝干病灶组织中分离到了该病的致病菌,应用柯赫氏法则验证了该致病菌的致病性,同时根据形态学特征和ITS序列分析对病原...【目的】明确中国陕南地区核桃树溃疡病成因。【方法】对陕西南部主要核桃产区的病害流行情况进行跟踪调查,从典型的枝干病灶组织中分离到了该病的致病菌,应用柯赫氏法则验证了该致病菌的致病性,同时根据形态学特征和ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定,并利用BLAST软件将测序所得真菌ITS序列与NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information)数据库中已登录的序列进行同源序列比对,获得其分类地位,利用MEGA 5.0软件构建系统发育树。【结果】陕西南部核桃溃疡病的病原菌形态特征与葡萄座腔菌相符合,其ITS序列与已公布的葡萄座腔菌的ITS序列相似度为99.8%,系统发育树分析结果与之一致。【结论】陕西南部核桃溃疡病的病原菌为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)。展开更多
荞麦茎溃疡病是影响荞麦产量和品质的重要因素,选用常用真菌杀菌剂,测定其对荞麦茎溃疡病菌生物活性并进行田间防治效果试验。生物活性测定结果显示,40%氟硅唑EC、25g/L咯菌腈FS、15%三唑酮WP、40%福美·拌种灵WP抑制作用较好,其中...荞麦茎溃疡病是影响荞麦产量和品质的重要因素,选用常用真菌杀菌剂,测定其对荞麦茎溃疡病菌生物活性并进行田间防治效果试验。生物活性测定结果显示,40%氟硅唑EC、25g/L咯菌腈FS、15%三唑酮WP、40%福美·拌种灵WP抑制作用较好,其中40%氟硅唑EC 500μg/m L抑制率最高,为89.7%,有效浓度EC_(50)为1.56μg/L。田间防治效果试验中,250 g/L嘧菌酯SC 675~855 m L/hm^(2)、40%氟硅唑EC 150~375 m L/hm^(2)、250 g/L吡唑·醚菌酯EC 570 m L/hm^(2)、40%福美·拌种灵WP 0.15~2.85 g/hm^(2)和50%氟啶胺SC 375~480 m L/hm^(2)防治效果较好,产量和净利润明显提升。生产中,荞麦茎溃疡病可以使用嘧菌酯、氟硅唑、吡唑·醚菌酯、福美·拌种灵和氟啶胺沟施防治。展开更多
文摘The bacterial swollen stem canker of poplar is prevalent in planted poplars of northeast China. Serious damage occurs in the form of necrosis, putridity, cankers, swollen stems and discolored wood of trunks and branches of young and mature trees. Tests of allergic reaction, pathogenicity, culture characteristic, Gram stain and anaerobic culture revealed that the pathogen is Erwinia sp. Its occurrence depends mainly on the predisposing factors of the disease among which the susceptibility of poplars is the most important one. The disease becomes widespread in association with low-lying and high-humidity terrain, frost injury, node wounds, insect damage, and pruning and other mechanical wounds. Harmful factors promote the disease.
基金Universidade Federal de Uberlandia supported L.Coelho,A.R.T.Nascimento and J.C.Santos。
文摘African mahogany,Khaya grandifoliola C.DC.,is the most planted mahogany species in Brazil,and became the choice species when plantations of Brazilian mahogany,Swietenia macrophyla King became unsustainable due to their susceptibility to the shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella Zeller.This study evaluated plantation growth and the occurrence of cankers associated with Ectomyelois muriscis Dyar larvae.Surveys recorded plantation volume,survival,and canker incidence of a plantation established in 2010 at 6 m×5.5 m spacing.Larvae were collected and reared on canker bark fragments until final adult stage.Cankers were frequently associated with Ectomyelois muriscis larvae.The average incidence of the moth(2.9%)was not a significant concern,however,an extreme incidence of 45%would indicate that management strategies should be developed.This is the first report of Ectomyelois muriscis attacking the bark of Khaya grandifoliola in the Cerrado biome.
文摘【目的】明确中国陕南地区核桃树溃疡病成因。【方法】对陕西南部主要核桃产区的病害流行情况进行跟踪调查,从典型的枝干病灶组织中分离到了该病的致病菌,应用柯赫氏法则验证了该致病菌的致病性,同时根据形态学特征和ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定,并利用BLAST软件将测序所得真菌ITS序列与NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information)数据库中已登录的序列进行同源序列比对,获得其分类地位,利用MEGA 5.0软件构建系统发育树。【结果】陕西南部核桃溃疡病的病原菌形态特征与葡萄座腔菌相符合,其ITS序列与已公布的葡萄座腔菌的ITS序列相似度为99.8%,系统发育树分析结果与之一致。【结论】陕西南部核桃溃疡病的病原菌为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)。
文摘荞麦茎溃疡病是影响荞麦产量和品质的重要因素,选用常用真菌杀菌剂,测定其对荞麦茎溃疡病菌生物活性并进行田间防治效果试验。生物活性测定结果显示,40%氟硅唑EC、25g/L咯菌腈FS、15%三唑酮WP、40%福美·拌种灵WP抑制作用较好,其中40%氟硅唑EC 500μg/m L抑制率最高,为89.7%,有效浓度EC_(50)为1.56μg/L。田间防治效果试验中,250 g/L嘧菌酯SC 675~855 m L/hm^(2)、40%氟硅唑EC 150~375 m L/hm^(2)、250 g/L吡唑·醚菌酯EC 570 m L/hm^(2)、40%福美·拌种灵WP 0.15~2.85 g/hm^(2)和50%氟啶胺SC 375~480 m L/hm^(2)防治效果较好,产量和净利润明显提升。生产中,荞麦茎溃疡病可以使用嘧菌酯、氟硅唑、吡唑·醚菌酯、福美·拌种灵和氟啶胺沟施防治。
