[Objective]The paper was to effectively control stem base rot of sweet potato.[Method]Chemical prevention and control test against stem base rot of sweet potato were conducted for consecutive three years from 2016 to ...[Objective]The paper was to effectively control stem base rot of sweet potato.[Method]Chemical prevention and control test against stem base rot of sweet potato were conducted for consecutive three years from 2016 to 2018.[Result]The use of carbendazim or carbendazim+mancozeb,and carbendazim+embamycin had significant control effect on stem base rot of sweet potato.However,the applied concentration should be higher than the recommended concentration.Especially the concentration of 50%carbendazim WP should be no more than 300 times,and the prevention and control effect of 100 times dilution would be better.[Conclusion]The types and concentrations of prevention and control agents are determined in the test,which will provide certain basis for chemical prevention and control against stem base rot of sweet potato.展开更多
There is an urgent and tremendous need for human dis- ease models in drug development in order to improve pre- clinical predictability. In the case of brain disorders drugs have to cross the blood-brain barrier （BBB...There is an urgent and tremendous need for human dis- ease models in drug development in order to improve pre- clinical predictability. In the case of brain disorders drugs have to cross the blood-brain barrier （BBB） to enter the central nervous system （CNS）. It was estimated that more than 95% of the drugs cannot cross the BBB.展开更多
The regeneration of peripheral nerves comprises complicated steps involving a set of cellular and molecular events in distal nerve stumps with axonal sprouting and remyelination. Stem cell isolation and expansion for ...The regeneration of peripheral nerves comprises complicated steps involving a set of cellular and molecular events in distal nerve stumps with axonal sprouting and remyelination. Stem cell isolation and expansion for peripheral nerve repair(PNR) can be achieved using a wide diversity of prenatal and adult tissues, such as bone marrow or brain tissues. The ability to obtain stem cells for cell-based therapy(CBT) is limited due to donor site morbidity and the invasive nature of the harvesting process. Dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) can be relatively and simply isolated from the dental pulps of permanent teeth, extracted for surgical or orthodontic reasons. DPSCs are of neural crest origin with an outstanding ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. They have better potential to differentiate into neural and glial cells than other stem cell sources through the expression and secretion of certain markers and a range of neurotropic factors;thus, they should be considered a good choice for PNR using CBT. In addition,these cells have paracrine effects through the secretion of neurotrophic growth factors and extracellular vesicles, which can enhance axonal growth and remyelination by decreasing the number of dying cells and activating local inhabitant stem cell populations, thereby revitalizing dormant or blocked cells,modulating the immune system and regulating inflammatory responses. The use of DPSC-derived secretomes holds great promise for controllable and manageable therapy for peripheral nerve injury. In this review, up-to-date information about the neurotrophic and neurogenic properties of DPSCs and their secretomes is provided.展开更多
STEM教育强调科学(Science)、技术(Technology)、工程(Engineering)和数学(Mathematics)的跨学科整合,其核心在于培养学生的创新精神与实践能力。文章将STEM理念引入小学语文学科,重点探讨如何利用现代信息技术作为核心驱动力和赋能工具...STEM教育强调科学(Science)、技术(Technology)、工程(Engineering)和数学(Mathematics)的跨学科整合,其核心在于培养学生的创新精神与实践能力。文章将STEM理念引入小学语文学科,重点探讨如何利用现代信息技术作为核心驱动力和赋能工具,打破学科壁垒,构建沉浸式、探究式、协作式的语文学习新样态。文章不仅从理论上分析整合的必要性,更通过具体的技术应用案例,如可视化工具、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,VR)、增强现实(Augmented Reality,AR)、自然语言处理(Natural Language Processing,NLP)、数字叙事等,详细阐述了整合路径与方法,并辅以图表说明,旨在为一线教学提供具有可操作性的实践参考。展开更多
专业素养是专业能力所蕴含的专业知识、思维方式和价值观。教师核心专业能力是一种被称为基于设计的行动力的综合能力,并非PACK的运用能力,因为PACK不是知识论意义上的知识。基于设计的行动力所蕴含的教师专业素养可以区分为学科素养和...专业素养是专业能力所蕴含的专业知识、思维方式和价值观。教师核心专业能力是一种被称为基于设计的行动力的综合能力,并非PACK的运用能力,因为PACK不是知识论意义上的知识。基于设计的行动力所蕴含的教师专业素养可以区分为学科素养和设计素养。学科素养蕴含在课程之中,通过课程分析可以使之清晰化;设计素养蕴含在技术性教学设计理论之中。以STEM课程“抓住风:设计风车”为例,STEM教师的学科素养包括掌握课程包含的S.T.E.M.学科知识、能利用课程提供的材料制定一款特定功能的风车、能独立完成不同材料捕捉风能的单因素实验、身体力行地传递科学精神。以“以学习活动为中心的教学设计理论”为例,STEM教师的设计素养包括能基于教学设计的基本观念思考教学设计;能运用知识建模进行学习内容分析,并用“(知识点,学习水平)”方式陈述学习目标;能结合实情和知识建模图组块确立任务类型,并将它们具体化为师生交互过程;拥有足够的FC知识(Facts and Cases),并能够设计新的FC知识;能结合实情和动力设计模型提升教学方案的质量水平;能结合经验设计探究学习的学习支架。展开更多
基金Major Science and Technology Project for New Variety Breeding of Agriculture(Grain)in Zhejiang Province"Sweet Potato,Yam Germplasm Screening and New Variety Breeding"(2016C 02050-7-3)Key Agricultural Science and Technology Project of Taizhou City"Study on Pathogen Identification,Occurrence Regularity and Prevention and Control Technology of Sweet Potato Stem Base Rot(1701ny12)+2 种基金China Agricultural(Sweet Potato)Industry Research System“Fresh Sweet Potato Improvement"(CARS-10-C-17)Project of Guangzhou Comprehensive Test Station(CARS-10-B-4)2017 Special Project on Agricultural Development and Rural Work in Guangdong Province"Creation and Application of New Sweet Potato Varieties for High Quality and Resistance".
文摘[Objective]The paper was to effectively control stem base rot of sweet potato.[Method]Chemical prevention and control test against stem base rot of sweet potato were conducted for consecutive three years from 2016 to 2018.[Result]The use of carbendazim or carbendazim+mancozeb,and carbendazim+embamycin had significant control effect on stem base rot of sweet potato.However,the applied concentration should be higher than the recommended concentration.Especially the concentration of 50%carbendazim WP should be no more than 300 times,and the prevention and control effect of 100 times dilution would be better.[Conclusion]The types and concentrations of prevention and control agents are determined in the test,which will provide certain basis for chemical prevention and control against stem base rot of sweet potato.
基金supported by the SET foundation(Stiftung zur Forderung der Erforschung von Ersatz-und Erganzungsmethoden zur Einschrankung von Tierversuchen)project 060 to Winfried Neuhaus and Marco Metzger
文摘There is an urgent and tremendous need for human dis- ease models in drug development in order to improve pre- clinical predictability. In the case of brain disorders drugs have to cross the blood-brain barrier （BBB） to enter the central nervous system （CNS）. It was estimated that more than 95% of the drugs cannot cross the BBB.
文摘The regeneration of peripheral nerves comprises complicated steps involving a set of cellular and molecular events in distal nerve stumps with axonal sprouting and remyelination. Stem cell isolation and expansion for peripheral nerve repair(PNR) can be achieved using a wide diversity of prenatal and adult tissues, such as bone marrow or brain tissues. The ability to obtain stem cells for cell-based therapy(CBT) is limited due to donor site morbidity and the invasive nature of the harvesting process. Dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) can be relatively and simply isolated from the dental pulps of permanent teeth, extracted for surgical or orthodontic reasons. DPSCs are of neural crest origin with an outstanding ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. They have better potential to differentiate into neural and glial cells than other stem cell sources through the expression and secretion of certain markers and a range of neurotropic factors;thus, they should be considered a good choice for PNR using CBT. In addition,these cells have paracrine effects through the secretion of neurotrophic growth factors and extracellular vesicles, which can enhance axonal growth and remyelination by decreasing the number of dying cells and activating local inhabitant stem cell populations, thereby revitalizing dormant or blocked cells,modulating the immune system and regulating inflammatory responses. The use of DPSC-derived secretomes holds great promise for controllable and manageable therapy for peripheral nerve injury. In this review, up-to-date information about the neurotrophic and neurogenic properties of DPSCs and their secretomes is provided.
文摘STEM教育强调科学(Science)、技术(Technology)、工程(Engineering)和数学(Mathematics)的跨学科整合,其核心在于培养学生的创新精神与实践能力。文章将STEM理念引入小学语文学科,重点探讨如何利用现代信息技术作为核心驱动力和赋能工具,打破学科壁垒,构建沉浸式、探究式、协作式的语文学习新样态。文章不仅从理论上分析整合的必要性,更通过具体的技术应用案例,如可视化工具、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,VR)、增强现实(Augmented Reality,AR)、自然语言处理(Natural Language Processing,NLP)、数字叙事等,详细阐述了整合路径与方法,并辅以图表说明,旨在为一线教学提供具有可操作性的实践参考。
文摘专业素养是专业能力所蕴含的专业知识、思维方式和价值观。教师核心专业能力是一种被称为基于设计的行动力的综合能力,并非PACK的运用能力,因为PACK不是知识论意义上的知识。基于设计的行动力所蕴含的教师专业素养可以区分为学科素养和设计素养。学科素养蕴含在课程之中,通过课程分析可以使之清晰化;设计素养蕴含在技术性教学设计理论之中。以STEM课程“抓住风:设计风车”为例,STEM教师的学科素养包括掌握课程包含的S.T.E.M.学科知识、能利用课程提供的材料制定一款特定功能的风车、能独立完成不同材料捕捉风能的单因素实验、身体力行地传递科学精神。以“以学习活动为中心的教学设计理论”为例,STEM教师的设计素养包括能基于教学设计的基本观念思考教学设计;能运用知识建模进行学习内容分析,并用“(知识点,学习水平)”方式陈述学习目标;能结合实情和知识建模图组块确立任务类型,并将它们具体化为师生交互过程;拥有足够的FC知识(Facts and Cases),并能够设计新的FC知识;能结合实情和动力设计模型提升教学方案的质量水平;能结合经验设计探究学习的学习支架。
