Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma presents with three distinct immune phenotypes,including immune-desert,immune-excluded,and immune-inflamed,indicating various treatment responses and prognostic outcomes.The clinical applicati...Hepatocellular carcinoma presents with three distinct immune phenotypes,including immune-desert,immune-excluded,and immune-inflamed,indicating various treatment responses and prognostic outcomes.The clinical application of multi-omics parameters is still restricted by the expensive and less accessible assays,although they accurately reflect immune status.A comprehensive evaluation framework based on“easy-to-obtain”multi-model clinical parameters is urgently required,incorporating clinical features to establish baseline patient profiles and disease staging;routine blood tests assessing systemic metabolic and functional status;immune cell subsets quantifying subcluster dynamics;imaging features delineating tumor morphology,spatial configuration,and perilesional anatomical relationships;immunohistochemical markers positioning qualitative and quantitative detection of tumor antigens from the cellular and molecular level.This integrated phenomic approach aims to improve prognostic stratification and clinical decision-making in hepatocellular carcinoma management conveniently and practically.展开更多
BACKGROUND Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population.Non-motor symptoms such as anxiety and depression are often subtle,hindering early detection and intervention,yet the...BACKGROUND Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population.Non-motor symptoms such as anxiety and depression are often subtle,hindering early detection and intervention,yet they markedly affect quality of life and clinical outcomes.AIM To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in elderly PD patients,identify associated risk factors,and assess their relationship with fatigue severity.METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 123 elderly PD patients treated at The Second Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai between January 2023 and December 2024.Demographic and clinical data were obtained using standardized questionnaires.Anxiety,depression,and fatigue were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS),and Fatigue Scale-14(FS-14),respectively.Binary logistic regression identified risk factors for anxiety and depression,whereas Spearman’s correlation assessed associations with fatigue.RESULTS Anxiety and depression prevalence rates were 64.2%(mean BAI score:19.59±10.92)and 56.1%(mean GDS score:12.82±6.37),respectively.The mean FS-14 total score was 9.46±1.89,comprising physical(5.77±1.51)and mental(3.69±1.20)fatigue components.Significant positive correlations were observed between fatigue scores(total,physical,and mental)and both anxiety and depression(all P<0.05).Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant associations between anxiety/depression and monthly income,disease duration,and disease severity(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression indicated higher anxiety risk in patients with lower monthly income,prolonged disease duration,advanced disease severity,or multimorbidity.Depression risk was elevated in patients with lower monthly income and severe disease,whereas longer disease duration unexpectedly served as a protective factor.CONCLUSION Elderly PD patients show high rates of anxiety and depression,both of which are significantly correlated with fatigue severity.These findings highlight the importance of psychological monitoring and targeted mental health interventions in PD management among the elderly.展开更多
Objective:To systematically review the current implementation status of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority and analyze the barriers encountered during its implementation in China,providing countermeasu...Objective:To systematically review the current implementation status of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority and analyze the barriers encountered during its implementation in China,providing countermeasures and references for promoting the standardized implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority.Methods:A secondary analysis of literature was conducted to systematically search for domestic and international literature related to nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority.Meta-analysis was performed on eligible literature to evaluate the implementation effects.Simultaneously,semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare workers,patients,and policymakers.Content analysis was used to organize the interview data and extract core issues and barriers.Results:A total of 46 international articles were included in the Meta-analysis,which revealed that the implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority significantly improved patients’health management outcomes,enhanced healthcare service efficiency,and increased patient satisfaction.Conclusion:The implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority has demonstrated significant positive effects.However,China faces multiple barriers in its advancement,necessitating efforts in optimizing policy systems,constructing collaborative models,strengthening professional skills training,and improving social awareness to guide the scientific and rational implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority.展开更多
BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patie...BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patients with certain risk factors,including immunocompromised status.We recently diagnosed a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.CASE SUMMARY Patient was a 55-year-old male,with a history of diabetic nephropathy being treated with hemodialysis three times a week.He was referred to our hospital due to an increased volume of ascites,and blood examination revealed increased inflammatory reaction.At our emergency department,he developed fever,disturbance of consciousness,abdominal distension,and abdomen-wide pain.In addition,a dialysis shunt was confirmed in his right forearm,and the shunt site showed no signs of inflammation.No wounds were confirmed on or in his body.A blood examination revealed increased values of white blood cells,C-reactive protein,and creatinine.Plain chest and abdominal computed tomography scanning revealed increased ascites volume.Abdominal paracentesis was performed and a Gram stain revealed Gramnegative bacillus.These findings prompted diagnosis of SBP.The patient was admitted and treated with cefmetazole,causing fever resolution and symptom improvements.Later,E.tarda was identified in ascites culture.The patient improved with decreased inflammatory response and was discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization.The antibiotic was terminated after 14 days of treatment.SBP in this case may have developed from chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION We report the first known case of SBP due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.展开更多
Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) technology, as a revolutionary digital technology in the field of pathology, is gradually changing the traditional clinical pathological diagnosis model. By converting traditional glass patho...Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) technology, as a revolutionary digital technology in the field of pathology, is gradually changing the traditional clinical pathological diagnosis model. By converting traditional glass pathological sections into complete digital images through high-resolution scanning, it provides a new method for pathological diagnosis. Based on this, this paper studies the application of WSI technology in clinical pathological diagnosis, elaborates on its application value, analyzes the current application status, and proposes corresponding application countermeasures, aiming to provide reference for the standardized and popularized development of this technology in clinical pathological diagnosis.展开更多
Freshwater lakes globally are witnessing an escalation in the frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial harmful blooms.However,underlying factors influencing the succession or coexistence of cyanobacteria,especially f...Freshwater lakes globally are witnessing an escalation in the frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial harmful blooms.However,underlying factors influencing the succession or coexistence of cyanobacteria,especially filamentous ones,remain poorly understood.Lake Honghu,a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance with degrading aquatic ecological quality,served as a case study to elucidate the intricate relationship between environmental changes and cyanobacterial dynamics.Our analysis revealed a significant increase in the dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria,marked by high spatiotemporal variability in community structure.This dominance of filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria is attributed to a decrease in the ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to total phosphorus and their capacity to utilize organic phosphorus in phosphorus-deficient conditions.Species-specific density variations were linked to diverse environmental factors,with total nitrogen or total phosphorus concentration remaining as a crucial factor influencing dominant cyanobacterial density fluctuations.The dominance of low-temperature-tolerant Aphanizomenon and Pseudanabaena was evident in spring and winter,whereas Dolichospermum and Cylindrospermopsis,which prefer higher temperatures,thrived in summer and autumn.Additionally,non-algal turbidity and heterogeneity can potentially alter the competitive outcome among filamentous cyanobacteria or foster coexistence under conditions of elevated temperatures and nutrient limitation.This study predicts that filamentous cyanobacteria may spread and persist in lakes spanning a wide trophic range.Current findings enhance our comprehen-sion of the dynamic responses exhibited by filamentous bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the face of environmental changes within shallow eutrophic lakes and provide valuable insights for lake managers involved in the remediation of degraded shallow lakes.展开更多
Hypersplenism is a common complication of cirrhosis that is associated with significant impairment to patients'life quality.Splenectomy is often employed in clinical settings as a treatment for hypersplenism.While...Hypersplenism is a common complication of cirrhosis that is associated with significant impairment to patients'life quality.Splenectomy is often employed in clinical settings as a treatment for hypersplenism.While splenectomy is carried out for the purposes of alleviating hypersplenism-related adverse outcomes like thrombocytopenia or anaemia,studies have suggested alterations in the immune status,hemodynamics,and intestinal microbiota of patients following splenectomy,which may potentially influence the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Additionally,patients have been found to face new health risks post-splenectomy,including infections and thrombosis,which could adversely impact their overall health and potentially increase the risk of HCC.Despite these findings,there is currently no consensus on whether splenectomy affects the risk of postoperative HCC in cirrhotic patients.This review synthesizes the pertinent literature on the incidence of HCC following splenectomy,with an emphasis on current evidence related to its physiology,pathophysiology,and epidemiology.Concepts such as immune status,hemodynamics changes,and intestinal microbiota in post-splenectomy patients are explored,in hopes that it can inform more individualized treatment approaches for patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cyclic vomiting syndrome(CVS)and its effect on nutritional status has not been well described.AIM To describe the clinical characteristics,treatment and outcomes of children with CVS in Singapore.METHODS Re...BACKGROUND Cyclic vomiting syndrome(CVS)and its effect on nutritional status has not been well described.AIM To describe the clinical characteristics,treatment and outcomes of children with CVS in Singapore.METHODS Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years old with CVS diagnosed at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital in Singapore from 2011 to 2021.RESULTS Thirty-two children(69%female)with CVS were included in the study,with mean age of onset of symptoms at 7(±4)years and mean follow up duration of 5 years.Forty percent(12/32)of patients were underweight at diagnosis with no other identifiable organic cause,with a median body mass index(BMI)z score-3.2(range-2 to-7.5).The incidence of systemic hypertension was 10%(3/32).The overall mean frequency of exacerbations in this cohort of patients was 4(±4)episodes per year.In total,16(50%)patients,who had mean baseline frequency of 6(±5)attacks per year,were commenced on prophylactic treatment.Twelve patients(75%)responded to first-line therapy,whereas 4(25%)required escalation to second-line treatment.With prophylactic treatment,there was an overall improvement in the frequency of attacks with a mean reduction of 5(±3)attacks per year.Also,there was improvement in the BMI z score of these patients from a median of-2.9 to-0.9.CONCLUSION Prophylactic treatment is effective in improving nutritional status as well as reducing symptom frequency and should be considered for patients with complications such as growth failure and significant hypertension.展开更多
BACKGROUND The correlation conclusions between self-management,frailty,and quality of life(QoL)of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients are inconsistent.AIM To comprehensively assess the current status o...BACKGROUND The correlation conclusions between self-management,frailty,and quality of life(QoL)of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients are inconsistent.AIM To comprehensively assess the current status of self-management,psychological cognitive impairment,and QoL in elderly patients with COPD.METHODS Convenient sampling was employed to select 312 elderly patients with COPD who were receiving treatment in the respiratory and critical care medicine department of a tertiary grade A hospital from November 2023 to February 2024.The study utilized demographic information and clinical characteristics,selfmanagement behavior,occurrence of psychological cognitive impairment,and QoL as evaluated through general information questionnaires,the COPD patient self-management scale,simple frailty scale,simple mental status scale,clinical dementia assessment scale,and the clinical COPD assessment test questionnaire.This research aims to describe the current status and correlations among selfmanagement behavior,cognitive impairment occurrence,and QoL.RESULTS The average score for self-management behavior in elderly COPD patients was 136.00(119.00,164.50),indicating a moderate level overall.There were 98 cases of cognitive impairment,accounting for 31.4%,with a mental status score of 3(2,3.75).The average QoL score was 24(19,28),indicating a low level.Additionally,there was a negative correlation between total self-management behavior score and cognitive impairment occurrence(r=-0.589,P<0.001),and QoL total score(r=-0.409,P<0.001).Cognitive impairment occurrence was positively correlated with QoL total score(r=0.345,P<0.001).Disease course and self-management behavior score were independent factors affecting the total QoL score in elderly COPD patients(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The self-management behavior of elderly patients with COPD is at a moderate level.However,the occurrence of cognitive impairment is high and significantly influenced by disease course,level of self-management,and mental status.The QoL is low,emphasizing the urgent need to intervene in the self-management behaviors of elderly COPD patients,actively reduce the occurrence of cognitive impairment,and mitigate the impact of the disease on QoL.展开更多
Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors suc...Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes,hindering effective conservation planning.To address these limitations,we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model.This framework incorporates long-term field surveys,environmental data,and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment.By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne),we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS)for each species.This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments.Notably,D.yangi and D.qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk.Furthermore,D.vela,D.batangense,D.flaviceps,D.dymondi,D.yulongense,and D.laeviventre,currently classified as“Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as“Vulnerable”due to considerable threat from projected range contractions.Exploring the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk,offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are unavailable.This study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments,especially for lesser-known taxa.展开更多
BACKGROUND The incidence of malignant tumors in the digestive system is increasing and is a threat to human health.However,the long duration from tumor detection to radical resection,stress responses due to surgical t...BACKGROUND The incidence of malignant tumors in the digestive system is increasing and is a threat to human health.However,the long duration from tumor detection to radical resection,stress responses due to surgical trauma,and insufficient nu-tritional intake increases the risk of malnutrition,immune function reduction,postoperative complications,and intestinal dysfunction among patients.AIM To systematically investigate the association of parenteral nutrition enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)with the nutritional status of patients after gastrointestinal treatment.METHODS Randomized controlled trials associated with PUFA-enriched parenteral nutrition administration in patients with digestive system malignancies were retrieved from online databases such as PubMed,EMBASE,ScienceDirect,Cochrane Li-brary,China Knowledge Network,China VIP,Wanfang,and China Biomedical Literature Database,with the retrieval time from database inception to present.Two researchers independently extracted data.Each article’s bias risk was ass-essed by referring to the Cochrane Handbook version 5.3 criteria and RevMan5.4 was used for data analysis.RESULTS This meta-analysis involved six randomized controlled trials involving a total of 505 cases.Random-effects model analysis indicated remarkably better impro-vements in various inflammatory factors in the study group(P<0.05).Meta-analysis of nutritional indicators revealed that the study group had higher total protein,albumin,and prealbumin levels,as well as lower transferrin levels compared to the control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,meta-analysis of T-cell subsets revealed no remarkable inter-group difference in post-treatment CD8+cells(P>0.05).Moreover,the meta-analysis identified a notably lower incidence of adverse reactions in the study group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Administration of PUFAs helps improve the nutritional status of patients with digestive malignancies in the perioperative period.It promotes immune function recovery,reduces the inflammatory response,and decreases the risk of adverse effects.These beneficial effects make it worth investigating and promoting their use in ap-propriate patient populations.However,further validation via high-quality studies with long intervention time and extended follow-up periods is required.展开更多
This study investigates the mechanism of action of representative molecules of basalt fibers on the healing of water-soaked asphalt.Thermodynamic parameters,morphological characteristics,interfacial healing energy,and...This study investigates the mechanism of action of representative molecules of basalt fibers on the healing of water-soaked asphalt.Thermodynamic parameters,morphological characteristics,interfacial healing energy,and interfacial healing strength were analyzed using molecular dynamics and macroscopic tests under different time,temperature,and water conditions to evaluate the specific states and critical conditions involved in self-healing.The results indicate that basalt-fiber molecules can induce rearrangement and a combination of water-soaked asphalt at the healing interface.Hydroxyl groups with different bonding states increase the interfacial adsorption capacity of water-soaked asphalt.The interaction between basalt fiber molecules and water molecules leads to a"hoop"phenomenon,while aromatics-2 molecules exhibit a"ring band aggregation"phenomenon.The former reduces the miscibility of water and asphalt molecules,while the latter causes slow diffusion of the components.Furthermore,a micro-macro dual-scale comparison of interfacial healing strength was conducted at temperatures of 297.15 and 312.15 K to identify the strength transition point and critical temperature of 299.4 K during the self-healing process of basalt-fiber modified water-soaked asphalt.展开更多
High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and neuroscience.High-mobility group box 1 in the ex...High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and neuroscience.High-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain injury.Several drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system disorders.Although it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system disorders.In this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory role.Research targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.展开更多
In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the ...In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals.CMV targets dysfunctional lymphocytes.Chronic rituximab(RTX)therapy can cause B-lymphocyte dysfu...BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals.CMV targets dysfunctional lymphocytes.Chronic rituximab(RTX)therapy can cause B-lymphocyte dysfunction,increasing CMV risk.Rarely,CMV infections present with critical illness such as septic shock.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old African American woman presented with generalized weakness and non-bloody watery diarrhea of 4-6 weeks duration.She did not have nausea,vomiting or,abdominal pain.She had been on monthly RTX infusions for neuromyelitis optica.She was admitted for septic shock due to pancolitis.Blood investigations suggested pancytopenia and serology detected significantly elevated CMV DNA.Valganciclovir treatment led to disease resolution.CONCLUSION This case illustrates an extremely rare case of CMV colitis associated with RTX use presenting with septic shock.High suspicion for rare opportunistic infections is imperative in individuals with long-term RTX use.展开更多
The successful application of the Xixia Imperial Tombs for World Heritage Status has brought this civilization,sealed in the loess,to the global stage.The Xixia Imperial Tombs may become an important node connecting t...The successful application of the Xixia Imperial Tombs for World Heritage Status has brought this civilization,sealed in the loess,to the global stage.The Xixia Imperial Tombs may become an important node connecting the civilizations along the Silk Road.Their characteristic cultural integration serves as a unique window through which foreign tourists can understand Chinese civilization.展开更多
This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current development status of the potato industry in Liangshan Prefecture,and analyzes the primary factors that hinder the advancement of this industry,including a lo...This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current development status of the potato industry in Liangshan Prefecture,and analyzes the primary factors that hinder the advancement of this industry,including a low degree of scale,a limited popularization rate of high-quality seeds,insufficient mechanization,a low level of commercialization,inadequate technological support,minimal integration between the secondary and tertiary industries,and an ineffective mechanism for connecting and benefiting farmers.Furthermore,it presents a problem-oriented approach that is grounded in the current climatic,resource,water,and soil conditions of Liangshan Prefecture,and proposes several pathways to promote the high-quality development of the potato industry.The strategies include:expanding coverage and increasing production volume as foundational steps to ensure food security;enhancing quality and efficiency as key drivers to stimulate agricultural advancement through scientific and technological innovation;focusing on the integration of the three industries to achieve industrial revitalization;implementing risk management measures as a preventive strategy to ensure industrial stability;establishing incentive policies to foster production enthusiasm;and ultimately assisting farmers in increasing their income to achieve the overarching goal of improving the livelihoods of the population.展开更多
The Xixia Imperial Mausoleums stand as a tangible testament to ancient China’s ethnic harmony,architectural artistry,and burial practices.Now,its World Heritage status makes it poised to captivate broader global audi...The Xixia Imperial Mausoleums stand as a tangible testament to ancient China’s ethnic harmony,architectural artistry,and burial practices.Now,its World Heritage status makes it poised to captivate broader global audiences.展开更多
This paper investigates and analyzes the general situation of the tomato seed production industry in Lintong District,Xi'an City.Development strategies and suggestions are proposed to address existing problems.The...This paper investigates and analyzes the general situation of the tomato seed production industry in Lintong District,Xi'an City.Development strategies and suggestions are proposed to address existing problems.These include strengthening technological innovation and variety R&D,promoting industrial standardization and intelligent upgrading,enhancing brand building and market expansion,improving policy support and industrial chain coordination,strengthening intellectual property protection and talent cultivation,and expanding sales channels to promote industrial transformation and upgrading.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma presents with three distinct immune phenotypes,including immune-desert,immune-excluded,and immune-inflamed,indicating various treatment responses and prognostic outcomes.The clinical application of multi-omics parameters is still restricted by the expensive and less accessible assays,although they accurately reflect immune status.A comprehensive evaluation framework based on“easy-to-obtain”multi-model clinical parameters is urgently required,incorporating clinical features to establish baseline patient profiles and disease staging;routine blood tests assessing systemic metabolic and functional status;immune cell subsets quantifying subcluster dynamics;imaging features delineating tumor morphology,spatial configuration,and perilesional anatomical relationships;immunohistochemical markers positioning qualitative and quantitative detection of tumor antigens from the cellular and molecular level.This integrated phenomic approach aims to improve prognostic stratification and clinical decision-making in hepatocellular carcinoma management conveniently and practically.
基金Supported by Foundation of Shanghai Baoshan Science and Technology Commission,No.2024-E-66Shanghai Nursing Association Scientific Research Project,No.2024MS-B02.
文摘BACKGROUND Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population.Non-motor symptoms such as anxiety and depression are often subtle,hindering early detection and intervention,yet they markedly affect quality of life and clinical outcomes.AIM To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in elderly PD patients,identify associated risk factors,and assess their relationship with fatigue severity.METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 123 elderly PD patients treated at The Second Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai between January 2023 and December 2024.Demographic and clinical data were obtained using standardized questionnaires.Anxiety,depression,and fatigue were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS),and Fatigue Scale-14(FS-14),respectively.Binary logistic regression identified risk factors for anxiety and depression,whereas Spearman’s correlation assessed associations with fatigue.RESULTS Anxiety and depression prevalence rates were 64.2%(mean BAI score:19.59±10.92)and 56.1%(mean GDS score:12.82±6.37),respectively.The mean FS-14 total score was 9.46±1.89,comprising physical(5.77±1.51)and mental(3.69±1.20)fatigue components.Significant positive correlations were observed between fatigue scores(total,physical,and mental)and both anxiety and depression(all P<0.05).Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant associations between anxiety/depression and monthly income,disease duration,and disease severity(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression indicated higher anxiety risk in patients with lower monthly income,prolonged disease duration,advanced disease severity,or multimorbidity.Depression risk was elevated in patients with lower monthly income and severe disease,whereas longer disease duration unexpectedly served as a protective factor.CONCLUSION Elderly PD patients show high rates of anxiety and depression,both of which are significantly correlated with fatigue severity.These findings highlight the importance of psychological monitoring and targeted mental health interventions in PD management among the elderly.
基金Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(Project No.:2024J2130)。
文摘Objective:To systematically review the current implementation status of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority and analyze the barriers encountered during its implementation in China,providing countermeasures and references for promoting the standardized implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority.Methods:A secondary analysis of literature was conducted to systematically search for domestic and international literature related to nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority.Meta-analysis was performed on eligible literature to evaluate the implementation effects.Simultaneously,semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare workers,patients,and policymakers.Content analysis was used to organize the interview data and extract core issues and barriers.Results:A total of 46 international articles were included in the Meta-analysis,which revealed that the implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority significantly improved patients’health management outcomes,enhanced healthcare service efficiency,and increased patient satisfaction.Conclusion:The implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority has demonstrated significant positive effects.However,China faces multiple barriers in its advancement,necessitating efforts in optimizing policy systems,constructing collaborative models,strengthening professional skills training,and improving social awareness to guide the scientific and rational implementation of nurses’non-pharmacological prescription authority.
文摘BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patients with certain risk factors,including immunocompromised status.We recently diagnosed a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.CASE SUMMARY Patient was a 55-year-old male,with a history of diabetic nephropathy being treated with hemodialysis three times a week.He was referred to our hospital due to an increased volume of ascites,and blood examination revealed increased inflammatory reaction.At our emergency department,he developed fever,disturbance of consciousness,abdominal distension,and abdomen-wide pain.In addition,a dialysis shunt was confirmed in his right forearm,and the shunt site showed no signs of inflammation.No wounds were confirmed on or in his body.A blood examination revealed increased values of white blood cells,C-reactive protein,and creatinine.Plain chest and abdominal computed tomography scanning revealed increased ascites volume.Abdominal paracentesis was performed and a Gram stain revealed Gramnegative bacillus.These findings prompted diagnosis of SBP.The patient was admitted and treated with cefmetazole,causing fever resolution and symptom improvements.Later,E.tarda was identified in ascites culture.The patient improved with decreased inflammatory response and was discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization.The antibiotic was terminated after 14 days of treatment.SBP in this case may have developed from chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION We report the first known case of SBP due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.
文摘Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) technology, as a revolutionary digital technology in the field of pathology, is gradually changing the traditional clinical pathological diagnosis model. By converting traditional glass pathological sections into complete digital images through high-resolution scanning, it provides a new method for pathological diagnosis. Based on this, this paper studies the application of WSI technology in clinical pathological diagnosis, elaborates on its application value, analyzes the current application status, and proposes corresponding application countermeasures, aiming to provide reference for the standardized and popularized development of this technology in clinical pathological diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFD0900701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42177246)+2 种基金Additional support was provided by Yunnan Province-Kunming City Major Science and Technology Project(No.202202AH210006)the convenience provided by workstation of academician Liu Yongding in Kunming(No.YSZJGZZ-2020018)The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2022JJ30691)also supported this research.
文摘Freshwater lakes globally are witnessing an escalation in the frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial harmful blooms.However,underlying factors influencing the succession or coexistence of cyanobacteria,especially filamentous ones,remain poorly understood.Lake Honghu,a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance with degrading aquatic ecological quality,served as a case study to elucidate the intricate relationship between environmental changes and cyanobacterial dynamics.Our analysis revealed a significant increase in the dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria,marked by high spatiotemporal variability in community structure.This dominance of filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria is attributed to a decrease in the ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to total phosphorus and their capacity to utilize organic phosphorus in phosphorus-deficient conditions.Species-specific density variations were linked to diverse environmental factors,with total nitrogen or total phosphorus concentration remaining as a crucial factor influencing dominant cyanobacterial density fluctuations.The dominance of low-temperature-tolerant Aphanizomenon and Pseudanabaena was evident in spring and winter,whereas Dolichospermum and Cylindrospermopsis,which prefer higher temperatures,thrived in summer and autumn.Additionally,non-algal turbidity and heterogeneity can potentially alter the competitive outcome among filamentous cyanobacteria or foster coexistence under conditions of elevated temperatures and nutrient limitation.This study predicts that filamentous cyanobacteria may spread and persist in lakes spanning a wide trophic range.Current findings enhance our comprehen-sion of the dynamic responses exhibited by filamentous bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the face of environmental changes within shallow eutrophic lakes and provide valuable insights for lake managers involved in the remediation of degraded shallow lakes.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82200686.
文摘Hypersplenism is a common complication of cirrhosis that is associated with significant impairment to patients'life quality.Splenectomy is often employed in clinical settings as a treatment for hypersplenism.While splenectomy is carried out for the purposes of alleviating hypersplenism-related adverse outcomes like thrombocytopenia or anaemia,studies have suggested alterations in the immune status,hemodynamics,and intestinal microbiota of patients following splenectomy,which may potentially influence the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Additionally,patients have been found to face new health risks post-splenectomy,including infections and thrombosis,which could adversely impact their overall health and potentially increase the risk of HCC.Despite these findings,there is currently no consensus on whether splenectomy affects the risk of postoperative HCC in cirrhotic patients.This review synthesizes the pertinent literature on the incidence of HCC following splenectomy,with an emphasis on current evidence related to its physiology,pathophysiology,and epidemiology.Concepts such as immune status,hemodynamics changes,and intestinal microbiota in post-splenectomy patients are explored,in hopes that it can inform more individualized treatment approaches for patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Cyclic vomiting syndrome(CVS)and its effect on nutritional status has not been well described.AIM To describe the clinical characteristics,treatment and outcomes of children with CVS in Singapore.METHODS Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years old with CVS diagnosed at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital in Singapore from 2011 to 2021.RESULTS Thirty-two children(69%female)with CVS were included in the study,with mean age of onset of symptoms at 7(±4)years and mean follow up duration of 5 years.Forty percent(12/32)of patients were underweight at diagnosis with no other identifiable organic cause,with a median body mass index(BMI)z score-3.2(range-2 to-7.5).The incidence of systemic hypertension was 10%(3/32).The overall mean frequency of exacerbations in this cohort of patients was 4(±4)episodes per year.In total,16(50%)patients,who had mean baseline frequency of 6(±5)attacks per year,were commenced on prophylactic treatment.Twelve patients(75%)responded to first-line therapy,whereas 4(25%)required escalation to second-line treatment.With prophylactic treatment,there was an overall improvement in the frequency of attacks with a mean reduction of 5(±3)attacks per year.Also,there was improvement in the BMI z score of these patients from a median of-2.9 to-0.9.CONCLUSION Prophylactic treatment is effective in improving nutritional status as well as reducing symptom frequency and should be considered for patients with complications such as growth failure and significant hypertension.
文摘BACKGROUND The correlation conclusions between self-management,frailty,and quality of life(QoL)of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients are inconsistent.AIM To comprehensively assess the current status of self-management,psychological cognitive impairment,and QoL in elderly patients with COPD.METHODS Convenient sampling was employed to select 312 elderly patients with COPD who were receiving treatment in the respiratory and critical care medicine department of a tertiary grade A hospital from November 2023 to February 2024.The study utilized demographic information and clinical characteristics,selfmanagement behavior,occurrence of psychological cognitive impairment,and QoL as evaluated through general information questionnaires,the COPD patient self-management scale,simple frailty scale,simple mental status scale,clinical dementia assessment scale,and the clinical COPD assessment test questionnaire.This research aims to describe the current status and correlations among selfmanagement behavior,cognitive impairment occurrence,and QoL.RESULTS The average score for self-management behavior in elderly COPD patients was 136.00(119.00,164.50),indicating a moderate level overall.There were 98 cases of cognitive impairment,accounting for 31.4%,with a mental status score of 3(2,3.75).The average QoL score was 24(19,28),indicating a low level.Additionally,there was a negative correlation between total self-management behavior score and cognitive impairment occurrence(r=-0.589,P<0.001),and QoL total score(r=-0.409,P<0.001).Cognitive impairment occurrence was positively correlated with QoL total score(r=0.345,P<0.001).Disease course and self-management behavior score were independent factors affecting the total QoL score in elderly COPD patients(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The self-management behavior of elderly patients with COPD is at a moderate level.However,the occurrence of cognitive impairment is high and significantly influenced by disease course,level of self-management,and mental status.The QoL is low,emphasizing the urgent need to intervene in the self-management behaviors of elderly COPD patients,actively reduce the occurrence of cognitive impairment,and mitigate the impact of the disease on QoL.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP,2019QZKK0402)Science and Technology Plan Project of Xizang Autonomous Region to Y.Q. (XZ202201ZY0030G)National Natural Science Foundation of China (32201424 to Z.Y.L.and 31872233 to Y.Q.)。
文摘Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes,hindering effective conservation planning.To address these limitations,we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model.This framework incorporates long-term field surveys,environmental data,and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment.By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne),we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS)for each species.This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments.Notably,D.yangi and D.qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk.Furthermore,D.vela,D.batangense,D.flaviceps,D.dymondi,D.yulongense,and D.laeviventre,currently classified as“Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as“Vulnerable”due to considerable threat from projected range contractions.Exploring the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk,offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are unavailable.This study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments,especially for lesser-known taxa.
基金Supported by the Guangxi Medical and Health Key(Cultivation)Discipline Construction ProjectGuilin Scientific Research and Technology Development Program Project,No.20210227-7-8.
文摘BACKGROUND The incidence of malignant tumors in the digestive system is increasing and is a threat to human health.However,the long duration from tumor detection to radical resection,stress responses due to surgical trauma,and insufficient nu-tritional intake increases the risk of malnutrition,immune function reduction,postoperative complications,and intestinal dysfunction among patients.AIM To systematically investigate the association of parenteral nutrition enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)with the nutritional status of patients after gastrointestinal treatment.METHODS Randomized controlled trials associated with PUFA-enriched parenteral nutrition administration in patients with digestive system malignancies were retrieved from online databases such as PubMed,EMBASE,ScienceDirect,Cochrane Li-brary,China Knowledge Network,China VIP,Wanfang,and China Biomedical Literature Database,with the retrieval time from database inception to present.Two researchers independently extracted data.Each article’s bias risk was ass-essed by referring to the Cochrane Handbook version 5.3 criteria and RevMan5.4 was used for data analysis.RESULTS This meta-analysis involved six randomized controlled trials involving a total of 505 cases.Random-effects model analysis indicated remarkably better impro-vements in various inflammatory factors in the study group(P<0.05).Meta-analysis of nutritional indicators revealed that the study group had higher total protein,albumin,and prealbumin levels,as well as lower transferrin levels compared to the control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,meta-analysis of T-cell subsets revealed no remarkable inter-group difference in post-treatment CD8+cells(P>0.05).Moreover,the meta-analysis identified a notably lower incidence of adverse reactions in the study group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Administration of PUFAs helps improve the nutritional status of patients with digestive malignancies in the perioperative period.It promotes immune function recovery,reduces the inflammatory response,and decreases the risk of adverse effects.These beneficial effects make it worth investigating and promoting their use in ap-propriate patient populations.However,further validation via high-quality studies with long intervention time and extended follow-up periods is required.
文摘This study investigates the mechanism of action of representative molecules of basalt fibers on the healing of water-soaked asphalt.Thermodynamic parameters,morphological characteristics,interfacial healing energy,and interfacial healing strength were analyzed using molecular dynamics and macroscopic tests under different time,temperature,and water conditions to evaluate the specific states and critical conditions involved in self-healing.The results indicate that basalt-fiber molecules can induce rearrangement and a combination of water-soaked asphalt at the healing interface.Hydroxyl groups with different bonding states increase the interfacial adsorption capacity of water-soaked asphalt.The interaction between basalt fiber molecules and water molecules leads to a"hoop"phenomenon,while aromatics-2 molecules exhibit a"ring band aggregation"phenomenon.The former reduces the miscibility of water and asphalt molecules,while the latter causes slow diffusion of the components.Furthermore,a micro-macro dual-scale comparison of interfacial healing strength was conducted at temperatures of 297.15 and 312.15 K to identify the strength transition point and critical temperature of 299.4 K during the self-healing process of basalt-fiber modified water-soaked asphalt.
基金supported by a grant of the M.D.-Ph.D./Medical Scientist Training Program through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI)funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(to HK)+3 种基金supported by National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grants funded by the Korean government(MSITMinistry of Science and ICT)(NRF2019R1A5A2026045 and NRF-2021R1F1A1061819)a grant from the Korean Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(HR21C1003)New Faculty Research Fund of Ajou University School of Medicine(to JYC)。
文摘High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and neuroscience.High-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain injury.Several drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system disorders.Although it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system disorders.In this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory role.Research targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.
文摘In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.
文摘BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals.CMV targets dysfunctional lymphocytes.Chronic rituximab(RTX)therapy can cause B-lymphocyte dysfunction,increasing CMV risk.Rarely,CMV infections present with critical illness such as septic shock.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old African American woman presented with generalized weakness and non-bloody watery diarrhea of 4-6 weeks duration.She did not have nausea,vomiting or,abdominal pain.She had been on monthly RTX infusions for neuromyelitis optica.She was admitted for septic shock due to pancolitis.Blood investigations suggested pancytopenia and serology detected significantly elevated CMV DNA.Valganciclovir treatment led to disease resolution.CONCLUSION This case illustrates an extremely rare case of CMV colitis associated with RTX use presenting with septic shock.High suspicion for rare opportunistic infections is imperative in individuals with long-term RTX use.
文摘The successful application of the Xixia Imperial Tombs for World Heritage Status has brought this civilization,sealed in the loess,to the global stage.The Xixia Imperial Tombs may become an important node connecting the civilizations along the Silk Road.Their characteristic cultural integration serves as a unique window through which foreign tourists can understand Chinese civilization.
基金Supported by Special Fund for the Construction of China Agricultural Industry Research System(CARS-09-ES22).
文摘This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current development status of the potato industry in Liangshan Prefecture,and analyzes the primary factors that hinder the advancement of this industry,including a low degree of scale,a limited popularization rate of high-quality seeds,insufficient mechanization,a low level of commercialization,inadequate technological support,minimal integration between the secondary and tertiary industries,and an ineffective mechanism for connecting and benefiting farmers.Furthermore,it presents a problem-oriented approach that is grounded in the current climatic,resource,water,and soil conditions of Liangshan Prefecture,and proposes several pathways to promote the high-quality development of the potato industry.The strategies include:expanding coverage and increasing production volume as foundational steps to ensure food security;enhancing quality and efficiency as key drivers to stimulate agricultural advancement through scientific and technological innovation;focusing on the integration of the three industries to achieve industrial revitalization;implementing risk management measures as a preventive strategy to ensure industrial stability;establishing incentive policies to foster production enthusiasm;and ultimately assisting farmers in increasing their income to achieve the overarching goal of improving the livelihoods of the population.
文摘The Xixia Imperial Mausoleums stand as a tangible testament to ancient China’s ethnic harmony,architectural artistry,and burial practices.Now,its World Heritage status makes it poised to captivate broader global audiences.
基金Supported by Research Project on Food Detection Technology Innovation and Standard Integration 2024(YNXM-2024-FW-019).
文摘This paper investigates and analyzes the general situation of the tomato seed production industry in Lintong District,Xi'an City.Development strategies and suggestions are proposed to address existing problems.These include strengthening technological innovation and variety R&D,promoting industrial standardization and intelligent upgrading,enhancing brand building and market expansion,improving policy support and industrial chain coordination,strengthening intellectual property protection and talent cultivation,and expanding sales channels to promote industrial transformation and upgrading.
