AIM:To compare the results of visual acuity(VA)measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)chart,5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity(5 SL)chart,and 2.5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity(2.5 SL)chart...AIM:To compare the results of visual acuity(VA)measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)chart,5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity(5 SL)chart,and 2.5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity(2.5 SL)chart in outpatients of age 12-80 y.METHODS:Each patient(totally 2000 outpatients)had both eyes tested with ETDRS chart at 4 m,5 SL chart at 5 m,and 2.5 SL chart at 2.5 m in random order.The VA values of outpatients were categorized by ages.VA values were expressed by log MAR recording method.RESULTS:The mean VA results of ETDRS charts,5 SL,and 2.5 SL chart were 0.52±0.28,0.50±0.30,and 0.46±0.28 log MAR,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in the three eye charts in the whole group(P<0.001).For all subjects,the correlation of VA tested with three charts was statistically significant(Spearman correlation coefficient=0.944,0.937,0.946,all P<0.001).Bland–Altman analysis shows the 95%limits of agreement between the 5 SL and 2.5 SL chart were-0.182 to 0.210,-0.139 to 0.251,and-0.151 to 0.235 log MAR,respectively.CONCLUSION:The agreement between the three eye charts is not high.The VA measured by 5 SL chart is slightly better than that by ETDRS chart and 5 SL chart would be a suitable alternative when ETDRS chart are not available in the clinical situation.The VA measured by 2.5 SL chart is about 0.5 line better than VA tested with ETDRS chart,which may overestimate VA.展开更多
AIM:To Introduce a new specialized visual acuity chart for amblyopic children aged 3-5 years old and its clinical applications.METHODS:The new visual acuity chart and notations were designed based on Weber-Fechner law...AIM:To Introduce a new specialized visual acuity chart for amblyopic children aged 3-5 years old and its clinical applications.METHODS:The new visual acuity chart and notations were designed based on Weber-Fechner law.The optotypes were red against a white background and were specially shaped four basic geometric symbols:circle,square,triangle,and cross.A regular geometric progression of the optotype sizes and distribution was employed to arrange in 14 lines.The progression rate of the optotype size between two lines was 1.2589 and the testing distance was 3m.Visual acuity score could be recorded as logMAR notation or decimal notation.Agestratified diagnostic criteria for amblyopia established by consensus statement on diagnosis of amblyopia(2011)among members of the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Group,Ophthalmology Society,Chinese Medical Association(SPOGOSCMA)were illustrated in the new visual acuity chart.RESULTS:When assessing visual acuity in children aged 3-5 years old,this new visual acuity chart that consists of four symmetrical shapes(triangle,square,cross,and circle)overcame an inability to recognize the letters of the alphabet and difficulties in designating the direction of black abstract symbols such as the tumbling’E’or Landolt’C’,which the subjects were prone to lose interest in.The visual acuity score may be recorded indifferent notations:decimal acuity and logMAR.These two notations can be easily converted each other in the new eye chart.The measurements of this new chart not only showed a significant correlation and a good consistency with the international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart(r=0.932,P【0.01),but also indicated a high test-retest reliability(89%of retest scores were within 0.1 logMAR units of the initial test score).CONCLUSION:The results of this study support the validity and reliability of distance visual acuity measurements using the new eye chart in children aged3 to 5 years over a wide range of visual acuities,and the new eye chart is great for early detection of amblyopia.It can be applied in various clinical settings.展开更多
目的:比较学生在不同散光欠矫下使用C字视力表和E字视力表所测的视力差别并分析其原因。方法:选取30名15~18岁的学生,在完全矫正屈光度MPMVA(maximum plus to maximum visualacuity)状态下,附加相应不同散光轴向的柱镜造成相应的散光度...目的:比较学生在不同散光欠矫下使用C字视力表和E字视力表所测的视力差别并分析其原因。方法:选取30名15~18岁的学生,在完全矫正屈光度MPMVA(maximum plus to maximum visualacuity)状态下,附加相应不同散光轴向的柱镜造成相应的散光度数后,比较使用两种不同的视力表测出的视力值。同时根据两种视力表不同的设计原理及记录方法,分析造成数值差异的可能原因。结果:与E字视力表组相比,C字视力表组附加各个轴向+0.25DC柱镜组测得视力值均值差异低度较小,附加+0.50DC差异较大,其中斜轴方向上的差异更大,差异有统计学意义(F=23.141,P<0.01)。在各个附加度组别中使用C字视力表测得视力平均值小于E字视力表测得视力平均值,其中斜轴方向的附加组差值更大。C字视力表在各散光轴位测得视力值差异无统计学意义(F=1.446,P=0.231);E字视力表组在各散光轴位测得视力值相差为明显,在斜轴散光中数值与非斜轴散光数值差异有统计学意义。结论:散光患者使用C字视力表更加优异,不同轴向的散光测出来的视力值更加稳定。对于非斜轴散光患者来说,使用C字视力表比E字视力表更难,用小数记录法记录视力值可能相差3~4行,原因为散光眼在各个方向上的屈光度不一致及C字视力表和E字视力表的视标形状及排列不同导致。展开更多
目的:比较不同受检者在相同近视屈光欠矫下使用C字视力表和E字视力表所测得的视力差别及探讨导致这种差别的原因。方法:选取不同年龄段250名受检者,在完全矫正屈光度[最正之最佳视力(maximum plus to maximum visual acuity,MPMVA)]情...目的:比较不同受检者在相同近视屈光欠矫下使用C字视力表和E字视力表所测得的视力差别及探讨导致这种差别的原因。方法:选取不同年龄段250名受检者,在完全矫正屈光度[最正之最佳视力(maximum plus to maximum visual acuity,MPMVA)]情况下附加相应的球镜造成相应的近视度数后比较使用2种不同的视力表测出的视力值变化情况。同时根据2种视力表的设计原理及视力表的不同记录法探讨造成数值不同的可能原因。结果:同一附加度情况下分别用C字视力表组和E字视力表组行方差分析,不同年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相同附加度情况下同一受检者使用C字视力表组和E字视力表组行t检验,两者差异具有统计学意义(t=?15.798,P<0.05),C字视力表测得视力平均值小于E字视力表测得视力平均值。结论:受检者使用C字视力表比E字视力表检测视力结果更加优异;C字视力表和E字视力表的视标形状及开口方向不同是2种视力表检测结果差异的主要原因。展开更多
文摘AIM:To compare the results of visual acuity(VA)measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)chart,5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity(5 SL)chart,and 2.5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity(2.5 SL)chart in outpatients of age 12-80 y.METHODS:Each patient(totally 2000 outpatients)had both eyes tested with ETDRS chart at 4 m,5 SL chart at 5 m,and 2.5 SL chart at 2.5 m in random order.The VA values of outpatients were categorized by ages.VA values were expressed by log MAR recording method.RESULTS:The mean VA results of ETDRS charts,5 SL,and 2.5 SL chart were 0.52±0.28,0.50±0.30,and 0.46±0.28 log MAR,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in the three eye charts in the whole group(P<0.001).For all subjects,the correlation of VA tested with three charts was statistically significant(Spearman correlation coefficient=0.944,0.937,0.946,all P<0.001).Bland–Altman analysis shows the 95%limits of agreement between the 5 SL and 2.5 SL chart were-0.182 to 0.210,-0.139 to 0.251,and-0.151 to 0.235 log MAR,respectively.CONCLUSION:The agreement between the three eye charts is not high.The VA measured by 5 SL chart is slightly better than that by ETDRS chart and 5 SL chart would be a suitable alternative when ETDRS chart are not available in the clinical situation.The VA measured by 2.5 SL chart is about 0.5 line better than VA tested with ETDRS chart,which may overestimate VA.
文摘AIM:To Introduce a new specialized visual acuity chart for amblyopic children aged 3-5 years old and its clinical applications.METHODS:The new visual acuity chart and notations were designed based on Weber-Fechner law.The optotypes were red against a white background and were specially shaped four basic geometric symbols:circle,square,triangle,and cross.A regular geometric progression of the optotype sizes and distribution was employed to arrange in 14 lines.The progression rate of the optotype size between two lines was 1.2589 and the testing distance was 3m.Visual acuity score could be recorded as logMAR notation or decimal notation.Agestratified diagnostic criteria for amblyopia established by consensus statement on diagnosis of amblyopia(2011)among members of the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Group,Ophthalmology Society,Chinese Medical Association(SPOGOSCMA)were illustrated in the new visual acuity chart.RESULTS:When assessing visual acuity in children aged 3-5 years old,this new visual acuity chart that consists of four symmetrical shapes(triangle,square,cross,and circle)overcame an inability to recognize the letters of the alphabet and difficulties in designating the direction of black abstract symbols such as the tumbling’E’or Landolt’C’,which the subjects were prone to lose interest in.The visual acuity score may be recorded indifferent notations:decimal acuity and logMAR.These two notations can be easily converted each other in the new eye chart.The measurements of this new chart not only showed a significant correlation and a good consistency with the international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart(r=0.932,P【0.01),but also indicated a high test-retest reliability(89%of retest scores were within 0.1 logMAR units of the initial test score).CONCLUSION:The results of this study support the validity and reliability of distance visual acuity measurements using the new eye chart in children aged3 to 5 years over a wide range of visual acuities,and the new eye chart is great for early detection of amblyopia.It can be applied in various clinical settings.
文摘目的:比较学生在不同散光欠矫下使用C字视力表和E字视力表所测的视力差别并分析其原因。方法:选取30名15~18岁的学生,在完全矫正屈光度MPMVA(maximum plus to maximum visualacuity)状态下,附加相应不同散光轴向的柱镜造成相应的散光度数后,比较使用两种不同的视力表测出的视力值。同时根据两种视力表不同的设计原理及记录方法,分析造成数值差异的可能原因。结果:与E字视力表组相比,C字视力表组附加各个轴向+0.25DC柱镜组测得视力值均值差异低度较小,附加+0.50DC差异较大,其中斜轴方向上的差异更大,差异有统计学意义(F=23.141,P<0.01)。在各个附加度组别中使用C字视力表测得视力平均值小于E字视力表测得视力平均值,其中斜轴方向的附加组差值更大。C字视力表在各散光轴位测得视力值差异无统计学意义(F=1.446,P=0.231);E字视力表组在各散光轴位测得视力值相差为明显,在斜轴散光中数值与非斜轴散光数值差异有统计学意义。结论:散光患者使用C字视力表更加优异,不同轴向的散光测出来的视力值更加稳定。对于非斜轴散光患者来说,使用C字视力表比E字视力表更难,用小数记录法记录视力值可能相差3~4行,原因为散光眼在各个方向上的屈光度不一致及C字视力表和E字视力表的视标形状及排列不同导致。
文摘目的:比较不同受检者在相同近视屈光欠矫下使用C字视力表和E字视力表所测得的视力差别及探讨导致这种差别的原因。方法:选取不同年龄段250名受检者,在完全矫正屈光度[最正之最佳视力(maximum plus to maximum visual acuity,MPMVA)]情况下附加相应的球镜造成相应的近视度数后比较使用2种不同的视力表测出的视力值变化情况。同时根据2种视力表的设计原理及视力表的不同记录法探讨造成数值不同的可能原因。结果:同一附加度情况下分别用C字视力表组和E字视力表组行方差分析,不同年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相同附加度情况下同一受检者使用C字视力表组和E字视力表组行t检验,两者差异具有统计学意义(t=?15.798,P<0.05),C字视力表测得视力平均值小于E字视力表测得视力平均值。结论:受检者使用C字视力表比E字视力表检测视力结果更加优异;C字视力表和E字视力表的视标形状及开口方向不同是2种视力表检测结果差异的主要原因。
