Humanoid robots hold significant promise for social interaction and emotional companionship.However,their effectiveness hinges on the ability to convey nuanced and authentic emotions.Here,we presented a universal huma...Humanoid robots hold significant promise for social interaction and emotional companionship.However,their effectiveness hinges on the ability to convey nuanced and authentic emotions.Here,we presented a universal humanoid robot head with a facial kinematics model.Using a reinforcement learning framework guided by symmetry assessment,emotion decoupling,and MLLM authenticity evaluation,our system autonomously learns to generate adaptive facial expressions through dynamic landmark adjustments.By transferring the simulation training results to real-world environments,the robot can perform natural and expressive expressions.Another novel feature is the independent regulation of emotion intensity and expression magnitude across emotional categories,which enhances the ability to achieve culturally adaptive and socially resonant robotic expressions significantly.This research advances adaptive humanoid interaction,offering an easier and more efficient pathway toward culturally resonant and psychologically plausible robotic expressions.展开更多
[Objectives]The present study was conducted to investigate the change rule ofβ-fructofuranosidase gene expression and its enzyme activity in the midgut of 5 th instar silkworm(Bombyx mori),in order to provide a refer...[Objectives]The present study was conducted to investigate the change rule ofβ-fructofuranosidase gene expression and its enzyme activity in the midgut of 5 th instar silkworm(Bombyx mori),in order to provide a reference for illustrating the enzymatic mechanism of usingβ-fructofuranosidase to absorb sucrose nutrition from mulberry leaves.[Methods]Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was applied to analyze the expression of BmSuc1 and BmSuc2 in midgut of 5 th-instar silkworm larvae,meanwhile the activities ofβ-fructofuranosidase was determined.[Results]BmSuc1 was expressed in the midgut of 5 th-instar silkworm larvae at different developmental stages.Its expression was upregulated at the beginning of the 5 th instar and during the peak feeding period,whereas BmSuc2 expression remained very low throughout the entire 5 th instar.The activity ofβ-fructofuranosidase was relatively high during the peak feeding period of 5 th-instar larvae,showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.[Conclusions]The expression pattern of the BmSuc1 gene and the changes inβ-fructofuranosidase activity were generally consistent with the physiological process of sugar nutrient absorption and utilization from mulberry leaves in 5 th-instar silkworms.It suggests that BmSuc1,as a sucrose hydrolase gene,plays a major role in the digestion and absorption of sucrose nutrients from mulberry leaves in the midgut tissue.展开更多
The pathogenesis-related protein PR10 plays a vital role in plant growth,development,and stress responses.This study systematically identified and analyzed PR10 genes in cultivated peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.),examinin...The pathogenesis-related protein PR10 plays a vital role in plant growth,development,and stress responses.This study systematically identified and analyzed PR10 genes in cultivated peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.),examining their phylogenetic relationships,conserved motifs,gene structures,and syntenic relationships.The analysis identified 54 Ah PR10 genes,which were classified into eight groups based on phylogenetic relationships,supported by gene structure and conserved motif characterization.Analysis of chromosomal distribution and synteny demonstrated that segmental duplications played a crucial role in the expansion of the Ah PR10 gene family.The identified Ah PR10 genes exhibited both constitutive and inducible expression patterns.Significantly,Ah PR10-7,Ah PR10-33,and Ah PR10-41 demonstrated potential importance in peanut resistance to Aspergillus flavus.In vitro fungistatic experiments demonstrated that recombinant Ah PR10-33 effectively inhibited A.flavus mycelial growth.These findings provide valuable insights for future investigations into Ah PR10 functions in protecting peanut from A.flavus infection.展开更多
Due to the unique microstructure and diverse opsin genes of the trinocular compound eye,stomatopoda possess an extraordinary ability to perceive multiple properties of light.They not only can detect natural light(NL)a...Due to the unique microstructure and diverse opsin genes of the trinocular compound eye,stomatopoda possess an extraordinary ability to perceive multiple properties of light.They not only can detect natural light(NL)and linearly polarized light(LPL),but also are the only animals capable of recognizing circularly polarized light(CPL).Here,we integrated single-cell RNA sequencing,previously published Illumina data,and in-situ hybridization(ISH)to quantify and localize functional opsin genes in Oratosquilla oratoria,a common stomatopoda species in the China Sea.A total of high-quality 31777 cells were captured for the first time in the O.oratoria compound eye,which were classified into 25 cell subpopulations,and hypothesized that cluster 22 is a critical cell subpopulation responsible for light(whether NL,LPL,or CPL)response in O.oratoria.Furthermore,we propose that the long-wavelengthsensitive opsin gene(lws)gene family,retinol dehydrogenase(rdh),voltage-gated ion channel(vgic),arrestin(arr),and myosin(myo)collectively mediate the light response in O.oratoria.Considering that very few vision-related opsin genes show differential expression in right-handed CPL(RCPL)-vs.-dark(DL),which provides additional evidence that stomatopoda cannot recognize RCPL.Meanwhile,we believe that UV-stimulated scaffold protein A(uvssa)and red pigment concentrating hormone(rpch)play special contributions in the left-handed CPL(LCPL)environment response.ISH revealing that 16 lws,6 middle-wavelength-sensitive(mws),and 2 ultraviolet(uv)opsin genes were expressed in the photoreceptors of the O.oratoria compound eye.Although the inability to determine the functional types of cell subpopulations limits the resolution of opsin genes,these findings systematically elucidate the specific expression patterns of opsin genes in O.oratoria and represent a significant step toward refining the visual ecological theory of O.oratoria and other stomatopod species.展开更多
Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for significant crop losses worldwide.Alternative strategies to control B.cinerea are urgently needed to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides,which are...Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for significant crop losses worldwide.Alternative strategies to control B.cinerea are urgently needed to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides,which are increasingly ineffective due to resistance and pose environmental risks.In this study,we identified two immunogenic epitopes derived from the B.cinerea cell death-inducing protein BcCrh1 and used them to engineer disease-resistant plants through a novel,spatially compartmentalized dual-epitope immune activation strategy.The first epitope is derived from a 35-amino acid intracellular peptide that exhibits both immunogenicity and cell death-inducing activity,which was mutated to separate these two properties.The second peptide represents an immunogenic portion of the protein that activates extracellular plant immunity.Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that these epitopes trigger complementary defense pathways,and their co-expression integrates these responses into a robust,multilayered immunity,providing significantly enhanced protection compared with individual expression.Although constitutive expression of two epitopes conferred resistance,it also led to growth penalties.In contrast,pathogen-inducible expression of two epitopes preserved normal plant development while maintaining strong resistance to both B.cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis and tomato.This inducible strategy offers a major advantage by minimizing fitness costs while maximizing protection,highlighting the potential of spatially and temporally targeted epitope-based immune activation for durable and sustainable crop protection.展开更多
Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challengin...Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.展开更多
The prognostic and therapeutic roles of biological markers in early-stage breast cancer(eBC)warrant further investigation.Non-Breast Cancer(BRCA)genes,along with moderate-and low-penetrance breast cancer risk variant ...The prognostic and therapeutic roles of biological markers in early-stage breast cancer(eBC)warrant further investigation.Non-Breast Cancer(BRCA)genes,along with moderate-and low-penetrance breast cancer risk variant genes,are crucial formaintaining genome stability,yet their prognostic significance in eBCremains unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the impact of non-BRCA genes on clinical outcomes in eBC patients.Significant correlations were observed between the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)expression levels of the genes Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated(ATM),Bloom helicase gene(BLM),and WRN RecQ Like Helicase(WRN)and patient prognosis.High mRNA expression of ATM was associated with longer metastasis-free survival(MFS).Conversely,lower mRNA expression of BLM correlated with favorable outcomes,particularly in triple-negative tumors.Additionally,high levels of WRN mRNA expression were linked to significantly longer MFS compared to low expression levels.This study highlights the prognostic significance of ATM,BLM,and WRN in predicting survival outcomes in eBC patients.Background:The prognostic significance of various biological and non-BRCA genetic in early-stage breast cancer(eBC)remains unclear and warrants further investigation.This study therefore aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of these genes on clinical outcomes in breast cancer.Methods:Patients included in this study were subdivided into two groups based on low and high messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)expression levels.Statistical analysis,including Kaplan-Meier curves,univariable,andmultivariable Cox regression analyses,was performed to assess metastasis-free survival(MFS)of mRNA expression of non-BRCA genes.Subgroup analyses were also conducted among four different molecular subtypes of eBC.Results:Our analysis revealed significant correlations between mRNA-expression levels of Ataxiatelangiectasia mutated(ATM),Bloom helicase gene(BLM),and WRN RecQ Like Helicase(WRN)and patient prognosis.High mRNA expression of ATM correlated with longer MFS in the entire cohort(p=0.022,Log Rank),and in luminal-B-like tumors(p=0.036).Lower mRNA expression of BLM was associated with favorable outcomes(p=0.011,Log Rank),particularly in triple-negative eBC(p=0.030,Log Rank).Finally,high levels of WRN mRNA expression correlated with significantly longerMFS compared to lowmRNA expression levels(p=0.009,Log Rank).Conclusions:This study underscores the prognostic significance of moderate penetrance breast cancer risk variant genes,such as ATM,BLM,and WRN,for survival outcomes in eBC.展开更多
As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban expansion.However,there has been limite...As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban expansion.However,there has been limited research in recent years on the spatial-temporal distribution and emission of its atmospheric pollutants.To address this,this study conducted mobile observations of urban roads using the Mobile-DOAS instrument from June 2021 to May 2022.The monitoring results exhibit a favourable consistent with TROPOMI satellite data and ground monitoring station data.Temporally,there were pronounced seasonal variations in air pollutants.Spatially,high concentration of HCHO and NO_(2)were closely associated with traffic congestion on roadways,while heightened SO_(2)levels were attributed to winter heating and industrial emissions.The study also revealed that with the implementation of road policies,the average vehicle speed increased by 95.4%,while the NO concentration decreased by 54.4%.In the estimation of urban NO_(x)emission flux,it was observed that in temporal terms,compared with inventory data,the emissions calculated viamobile measurements exhibitedmore distinct seasonal patterns,with the highest emission rate of 349 g/sec in winter and the lowest of 142 g/sec in summer.In spatial terms,the significant difference in emissions between the inner and outer ring roads also suggests the presence of the city’s primary NO_(x)emission sources in the area between these two rings.This study offers data support for formulating the next phase of air pollution control measures in urban areas.展开更多
Artificial intelligence,such as deep learning technology,has advanced the study of facial expression recognition since facial expression carries rich emotional information and is significant for many naturalistic situ...Artificial intelligence,such as deep learning technology,has advanced the study of facial expression recognition since facial expression carries rich emotional information and is significant for many naturalistic situations.To pursue a high facial expression recognition accuracy,the network model of deep learning is generally designed to be very deep while the model’s real-time performance is typically constrained and limited.With MobileNetV3,a lightweight model with a good accuracy,a further study is conducted by adding a basic ResNet module to each of its existing modules and an SSH(Single Stage Headless Face Detector)context module to expand the model’s perceptual field.In this article,the enhanced model named Res-MobileNetV3,could alleviate the subpar of real-time performance and compress the size of large network models,which can process information at a rate of up to 33 frames per second.Although the improved model has been verified to be slightly inferior to the current state-of-the-art method in aspect of accuracy rate on the publically available face expression datasets,it can bring a good balance on accuracy,real-time performance,model size and model complexity in practical applications.展开更多
Rice is a poor source of folate,an essential micronutrient for the body.Biofortification offers an effective way to enhance the folate content of rice and alleviate folate deficiencies in humans.In this study,we confi...Rice is a poor source of folate,an essential micronutrient for the body.Biofortification offers an effective way to enhance the folate content of rice and alleviate folate deficiencies in humans.In this study,we confirmed that OsADCS and OsGTPCHI,encoding the initial enzymes necessary for folate synthesis,positively regulate folate accumulation in knockout mutants of both japonica and indica rice backgrounds.The folate content in the low-folate japonica variety was slightly increased by the expression of the indica alleles driven by the endosperm-specific promoter.We further obtained co-expression lines by stacking OsADCS and OsGTPCHI genes;the folate accumulation in brown rice and polished rice reached 5.65μg/g and 2.95μg/g,respectively,representing 37.9-fold and 26.5-fold increases compared with the wild type.Transcriptomic analysis of rice grains from six transgenic lines showed that folate changes affected biological pathways involved in the synthesis and metabolism of rice seed storage substances,while the expression of other folate synthesis genes was weakly regulated.In addition,we identified Aus rice as a high-folate germplasm carrying superior haplotypes of OsADCS and OsGTPCHI through natural variation.This study provides an alternative and effective complementary strategy for rice biofortification,promoting the rational combination of metabolic engineering and conventional breeding to breed high-folate varieties.展开更多
Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a qua...Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research method to carry out the research and proposes an AI-based reflective dialogue model.Based on this,an analysis of the impact brought by this model on EFL students’oral expression performance and learning anxiety levels.The results show that students in the experimental group have significantly higher oral expression performance than those in the control group in the three dimensions of grammatical accuracy,expressive fluency,and word accuracy.In addition,the students in the experimental group produced facilitated anxiety after using the AI-based reflective dialogue model for oral expression learning,which prompted the students to learn more diligently.展开更多
Objective INF2 is a member of the formins family.Abnormal expression and regulation of INF2 have been associated with the progression of various tumors,but the expression and role of INF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(H...Objective INF2 is a member of the formins family.Abnormal expression and regulation of INF2 have been associated with the progression of various tumors,but the expression and role of INF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain unclear.HCC is a highly lethal malignant tumor.Given the limitations of traditional treatments,this study explored the expression level,clinical value and potential mechanism of INF2 in HCC in order to seek new therapeutic targets.Methods In this study,we used public databases to analyze the expression of INF2 in pan-cancer and HCC,as well as the impact of INF2 expression levels on HCC prognosis.Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),Western blot,and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression level of INF2 in liver cancer cells and human HCC tissues.The correlation between INF2 expression and clinical pathological features was analyzed using public databases and clinical data of human HCC samples.Subsequently,the effects of INF2 expression on the biological function and Drp1 phosphorylation of liver cancer cells were elucidated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Finally,the predictive value and potential mechanism of INF2 in HCC were further analyzed through database and immunohistochemical experiments.Results INF2 is aberrantly high expression in HCC samples and the high expression of INF2 is correlated with overall survival,liver cirrhosis and pathological differentiation of HCC patients.The expression level of INF2 has certain diagnostic value in predicting the prognosis and pathological differentiation of HCC.In vivo and in vitro HCC models,upregulated expression of INF2 triggers the proliferation and migration of the HCC cell,while knockdown of INF2 could counteract this effect.INF2 in liver cancer cells may affect mitochondrial division by inducing Drp1 phosphorylation and mediate immune escape by up-regulating PD-L1 expression,thus promoting tumor progression.Conclusion INF2 is highly expressed in HCC and is associated with poor prognosis.High expression of INF2 may promote HCC progression by inducing Drp1 phosphorylation and up-regulation of PD-L1 expression,and targeting INF2 may be beneficial for HCC patients with high expression of INF2.展开更多
The xylitol dehydrogenase(XDH)is a crucial enzyme involved in the xylose utilization in pentose⁃catabolizing yeasts and fungi.In addition to producing xylulose,XDH can also be employed to develop a biosensor for monit...The xylitol dehydrogenase(XDH)is a crucial enzyme involved in the xylose utilization in pentose⁃catabolizing yeasts and fungi.In addition to producing xylulose,XDH can also be employed to develop a biosensor for monitoring xylitol concentration.In this study,the gene encoding the thermophilic fungus Talaromyces emersonii XDH(TeXDH)was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)at 16℃in the soluble form.Recombinant TeXDH with high purity was purified by using a Ni⁃NTA affinity column.Size⁃exclusion chromatography and SDS⁃PAGE analysis demonstrated that the puri⁃fied recombinant TeXDH exists as a native trimer with a molecular mass of approximately 116 kD,and is composed of three identical subunits,each with a molecular weight of around 39 kD.The TeXDH strictly preferred NAD^(+)as a coenzyme to NADP^(+).The optimal temperature and pH of the TeXDH were 40℃and 10.0,respectively.After EDTA treatment,the enzyme activity of TeXDH decreased to 43.26%of the initial enzyme activity,while the divalent metal ions Mg^(2+)or Ca^(2+)could recover the enzyme activity of TeXDH,reaching 103.32%and 110.69%of the initial enzyme activity,respectively,making them the optimal divalent metal ion cofactors for TeXDH enzyme.However,the divalent metal ions of Mn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)significantly inhibited the activity of TeXDH.ICP⁃MS and molecular doc⁃king studies revealed that 1 mol/L of TeXDH bound 2 mol/L Zn^(2+)ions and 1 mol/L Mg^(2+)ion.Further⁃more,TeXDH exhibited a high specificity for xylitol,laying the foundation for the development of future xylitol biosensors.展开更多
DNA microarray technology is an extremely effective technique for studying gene expression patterns in cells, and the main challenge currently faced by this technology is how to analyze the large amount of gene expres...DNA microarray technology is an extremely effective technique for studying gene expression patterns in cells, and the main challenge currently faced by this technology is how to analyze the large amount of gene expression data generated. To address this, this paper employs a mixed-effects model to analyze gene expression data. In terms of data selection, 1176 genes from the white mouse gene expression dataset under two experimental conditions were chosen, setting up two conditions: pneumococcal infection and no infection, and constructing a mixed-effects model. After preprocessing the gene chip information, the data were imported into the model, preliminary results were calculated, and permutation tests were performed to biologically validate the preliminary results using GSEA. The final dataset consists of 20 groups of gene expression data from pneumococcal infection, which categorizes functionally related genes based on the similarity of their expression profiles, facilitating the study of genes with unknown functions.展开更多
Neuronal activity,synaptic transmission,and molecular changes in the basolateral amygdala play critical roles in fear memory.Cylindromatosis(CYLD)is a deubiquitinase that negatively regulates the nuclear factor kappa-...Neuronal activity,synaptic transmission,and molecular changes in the basolateral amygdala play critical roles in fear memory.Cylindromatosis(CYLD)is a deubiquitinase that negatively regulates the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway.CYLD is well studied in non-neuronal cells,yet underinvestigated in the brain,where it is highly expressed.Emerging studies have shown involvement of CYLD in the remodeling of glutamatergic synapses,neuroinflammation,fear memory,and anxiety-and autism-like behaviors.However,the precise role of CYLD in glutamatergic neurons is largely unknown.Here,we first proposed involvement of CYLD in cued fear expression.We next constructed transgenic model mice with specific deletion of Cyld from glutamatergic neurons.Our results show that glutamatergic CYLD deficiency exaggerated the expression of cued fear in only male mice.Further,loss of CYLD in glutamatergic neurons resulted in enhanced neuronal activation,impaired excitatory synaptic transmission,and altered levels of glutamate receptors accompanied by over-activation of microglia in the basolateral amygdala of male mice.Altogether,our study suggests a critical role of glutamatergic CYLD in maintaining normal neuronal,synaptic,and microglial activation.This may contribute,at least in part,to cued fear expression.展开更多
In the current situation of decelerating economic expansion,examining the digital economy(DE)as a novel economic model is beneficial for the local economy’s sustainable and high-quality development(HQD).We analyzed p...In the current situation of decelerating economic expansion,examining the digital economy(DE)as a novel economic model is beneficial for the local economy’s sustainable and high-quality development(HQD).We analyzed panel data from the Yellow River(YR)region from 2013 to 2021 and discovered notable spatial variances in the composite index and coupling coordination of the two systems.Specifically,the downstream region exhibited the highest coupling coordination,while the upstream region had the lowest.We identified that favorable factors such as economic development,innovation,industrial upgrading,and government intervention can bolster the coupling.Our findings provide a valuable framework for promoting DE and HQD in the YR region.展开更多
Accurate traffic flow prediction has a profound impact on modern traffic management. Traffic flow has complex spatial-temporal correlations and periodicity, which poses difficulties for precise prediction. To address ...Accurate traffic flow prediction has a profound impact on modern traffic management. Traffic flow has complex spatial-temporal correlations and periodicity, which poses difficulties for precise prediction. To address this problem, a Multi-head Self-attention and Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (MSSTGCN) for multiscale traffic flow prediction is proposed. Firstly, to capture the hidden traffic periodicity of traffic flow, traffic flow is divided into three kinds of periods, including hourly, daily, and weekly data. Secondly, a graph attention residual layer is constructed to learn the global spatial features across regions. Local spatial-temporal dependence is captured by using a T-GCN module. Thirdly, a transformer layer is introduced to learn the long-term dependence in time. A position embedding mechanism is introduced to label position information for all traffic sequences. Thus, this multi-head self-attention mechanism can recognize the sequence order and allocate weights for different time nodes. Experimental results on four real-world datasets show that the MSSTGCN performs better than the baseline methods and can be successfully adapted to traffic prediction tasks.展开更多
Spatial-temporal traffic prediction technology is crucial for network planning,resource allocation optimizing,and user experience improving.With the development of virtual network operators,multi-operator collaboratio...Spatial-temporal traffic prediction technology is crucial for network planning,resource allocation optimizing,and user experience improving.With the development of virtual network operators,multi-operator collaborations,and edge computing,spatial-temporal traffic data has taken on a distributed nature.Consequently,noncentralized spatial-temporal traffic prediction solutions have emerged as a recent research focus.Currently,the majority of research typically adopts federated learning methods to train traffic prediction models distributed on each base station.This method reduces additional burden on communication systems.However,this method has a drawback:it cannot handle irregular traffic data.Due to unstable wireless network environments,device failures,insufficient storage resources,etc.,data missing inevitably occurs during the process of collecting traffic data.This results in the irregular nature of distributed traffic data.Yet,commonly used traffic prediction models such as Recurrent Neural Networks(RNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)typically assume that the data is complete and regular.To address the challenge of handling irregular traffic data,this paper transforms irregular traffic prediction into problems of estimating latent variables and generating future traffic.To solve the aforementioned problems,this paper introduces split learning to design a structured distributed learning framework.The framework comprises a Global-level Spatial structure mining Model(GSM)and several Nodelevel Generative Models(NGMs).NGM and GSM represent Seq2Seq models deployed on the base station and graph neural network models deployed on the cloud or central controller.Firstly,the time embedding layer in NGM establishes the mapping relationship between irregular traffic data and regular latent temporal feature variables.Secondly,GSM collects statistical feature parameters of latent temporal feature variables from various nodes and executes graph embedding for spatial-temporal traffic data.Finally,NGM generates future traffic based on latent temporal and spatial feature variables.The introduction of the time attention mechanism enhances the framework’s capability to handle irregular traffic data.Graph attention network introduces spatially correlated base station traffic feature information into local traffic prediction,which compensates for missing information in local irregular traffic data.The proposed framework effectively addresses the distributed prediction issues of irregular traffic data.By testing on real world datasets,the proposed framework improves traffic prediction accuracy by 35%compared to other commonly used distributed traffic prediction methods.展开更多
Mandarin fish(Siniperca scherzeri) has high market prices and significant market potential in China because of its highquality meat and high nutritional value. However, due to the limited scale of aquaculture, meeting...Mandarin fish(Siniperca scherzeri) has high market prices and significant market potential in China because of its highquality meat and high nutritional value. However, due to the limited scale of aquaculture, meeting the market demand is difficult, making the effective development of the aquaculture potential of mandarin fish an important challenge for the industry. In this study, a 30-d breeding experiment was conducted on mandarin fish larvae under three photoperiod conditions: G1 8 h light:16 h dark(8L:16D), G2 12 h light:12 h dark(12L:12D), and G3 16 h light:8 h dark(16L:8D). The results showed that the G2 group exhibited the best growth performance and development status, with final body weights, weight gain rates, and specific growth rates all higher than those of the other two groups(P < 0.05). Observations of sections from each group revealed that the intestinal villi length and muscle thickness of the G2 group were significantly greater than those of the other two groups(P < 0.05). The G2 group inhibited the transcriptional activation of key circadian rhythm genes, including nr1d2a, nr1d1 and per1, while upregulating the expression of BMAL1 in S. scherzeri.The activation of both the insulin signalling pathway and the Fox O signalling pathway enhanced the efficient secretion of insulin, which subsequently played a critical role in regulating fatty acid metabolism. This active fatty acid metabolism provided an optimal energy supply, ensuring that other nutrients were fully utilized during the growth and development process while minimizing unnecessary nutrient loss. Consequently, this mechanism effectively promoted the overall growth and development of S. scherzeri. This study was the first to elucidate the transcriptomic expression patterns of S. scherzeri under varying photoperiod conditions. In response to the cyclic alternation of day and night, S. scherzeri regulated their metabolic levels and the transcriptional activation of downstream target genes via insulin signalling.展开更多
Kinesins are a superfamily of proteins widely present in eukaryotes,playing crucial roles in plant cell wall assembly,cell elongation regulation,gravity sensing,and fertility control.In this study,bioinformatics analy...Kinesins are a superfamily of proteins widely present in eukaryotes,playing crucial roles in plant cell wall assembly,cell elongation regulation,gravity sensing,and fertility control.In this study,bioinformatics analysis of the OsKMP2 gene(LOC_Os02g28850)was performed using online tools such as ExPASy-ProtParam,ProtScale,CD-search,and DNAMAN software.Additionally,qRT-PCR was employed to analyze the tissue expression pattern of OsKMP2.The results showed that the molecular weight of the OsKMP2 is 118.39728 kDa,and it is a hydrophilic and unstable acidic protein.Secondary structure prediction revealed that it primarily consists ofα-helices(69.45%),random coils(25.19%),and extended strands(5.36%).The gene was expressed in various rice tissues,with the highest expression level observed in leaves.These results indicate that the OsKMP2 gene exhibits high evolutionary conservation and functional diversity in rice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52405041)the Major Program of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LD25E050001)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2025C01186)。
文摘Humanoid robots hold significant promise for social interaction and emotional companionship.However,their effectiveness hinges on the ability to convey nuanced and authentic emotions.Here,we presented a universal humanoid robot head with a facial kinematics model.Using a reinforcement learning framework guided by symmetry assessment,emotion decoupling,and MLLM authenticity evaluation,our system autonomously learns to generate adaptive facial expressions through dynamic landmark adjustments.By transferring the simulation training results to real-world environments,the robot can perform natural and expressive expressions.Another novel feature is the independent regulation of emotion intensity and expression magnitude across emotional categories,which enhances the ability to achieve culturally adaptive and socially resonant robotic expressions significantly.This research advances adaptive humanoid interaction,offering an easier and more efficient pathway toward culturally resonant and psychologically plausible robotic expressions.
基金Supported by General Project of Yunnan Provincial Agricultural Basic Research Joint Special Project(202301BD070001-229)Yunnan Provincial Key R&D Program(202403AK140075)+1 种基金Modern Sericulture Industry Technology System of Yunan Province(KJTX-07)Honghe Comprehensive Test Station of National Sericulture Industry Technology System(CARS-18).
文摘[Objectives]The present study was conducted to investigate the change rule ofβ-fructofuranosidase gene expression and its enzyme activity in the midgut of 5 th instar silkworm(Bombyx mori),in order to provide a reference for illustrating the enzymatic mechanism of usingβ-fructofuranosidase to absorb sucrose nutrition from mulberry leaves.[Methods]Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was applied to analyze the expression of BmSuc1 and BmSuc2 in midgut of 5 th-instar silkworm larvae,meanwhile the activities ofβ-fructofuranosidase was determined.[Results]BmSuc1 was expressed in the midgut of 5 th-instar silkworm larvae at different developmental stages.Its expression was upregulated at the beginning of the 5 th instar and during the peak feeding period,whereas BmSuc2 expression remained very low throughout the entire 5 th instar.The activity ofβ-fructofuranosidase was relatively high during the peak feeding period of 5 th-instar larvae,showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.[Conclusions]The expression pattern of the BmSuc1 gene and the changes inβ-fructofuranosidase activity were generally consistent with the physiological process of sugar nutrient absorption and utilization from mulberry leaves in 5 th-instar silkworms.It suggests that BmSuc1,as a sucrose hydrolase gene,plays a major role in the digestion and absorption of sucrose nutrients from mulberry leaves in the midgut tissue.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1200400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301851)。
文摘The pathogenesis-related protein PR10 plays a vital role in plant growth,development,and stress responses.This study systematically identified and analyzed PR10 genes in cultivated peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.),examining their phylogenetic relationships,conserved motifs,gene structures,and syntenic relationships.The analysis identified 54 Ah PR10 genes,which were classified into eight groups based on phylogenetic relationships,supported by gene structure and conserved motif characterization.Analysis of chromosomal distribution and synteny demonstrated that segmental duplications played a crucial role in the expansion of the Ah PR10 gene family.The identified Ah PR10 genes exhibited both constitutive and inducible expression patterns.Significantly,Ah PR10-7,Ah PR10-33,and Ah PR10-41 demonstrated potential importance in peanut resistance to Aspergillus flavus.In vitro fungistatic experiments demonstrated that recombinant Ah PR10-33 effectively inhibited A.flavus mycelial growth.These findings provide valuable insights for future investigations into Ah PR10 functions in protecting peanut from A.flavus infection.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021QD110)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106128)。
文摘Due to the unique microstructure and diverse opsin genes of the trinocular compound eye,stomatopoda possess an extraordinary ability to perceive multiple properties of light.They not only can detect natural light(NL)and linearly polarized light(LPL),but also are the only animals capable of recognizing circularly polarized light(CPL).Here,we integrated single-cell RNA sequencing,previously published Illumina data,and in-situ hybridization(ISH)to quantify and localize functional opsin genes in Oratosquilla oratoria,a common stomatopoda species in the China Sea.A total of high-quality 31777 cells were captured for the first time in the O.oratoria compound eye,which were classified into 25 cell subpopulations,and hypothesized that cluster 22 is a critical cell subpopulation responsible for light(whether NL,LPL,or CPL)response in O.oratoria.Furthermore,we propose that the long-wavelengthsensitive opsin gene(lws)gene family,retinol dehydrogenase(rdh),voltage-gated ion channel(vgic),arrestin(arr),and myosin(myo)collectively mediate the light response in O.oratoria.Considering that very few vision-related opsin genes show differential expression in right-handed CPL(RCPL)-vs.-dark(DL),which provides additional evidence that stomatopoda cannot recognize RCPL.Meanwhile,we believe that UV-stimulated scaffold protein A(uvssa)and red pigment concentrating hormone(rpch)play special contributions in the left-handed CPL(LCPL)environment response.ISH revealing that 16 lws,6 middle-wavelength-sensitive(mws),and 2 ultraviolet(uv)opsin genes were expressed in the photoreceptors of the O.oratoria compound eye.Although the inability to determine the functional types of cell subpopulations limits the resolution of opsin genes,these findings systematically elucidate the specific expression patterns of opsin genes in O.oratoria and represent a significant step toward refining the visual ecological theory of O.oratoria and other stomatopod species.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32372514)the Research and Innovation Initiatives of WHPU(grant no.2024J02)+1 种基金Y.L.(202108280009)was funded by the China Scholarship Councilsupported by BARD(grant no.5261-20C)to A.S and T.M.
文摘Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for significant crop losses worldwide.Alternative strategies to control B.cinerea are urgently needed to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides,which are increasingly ineffective due to resistance and pose environmental risks.In this study,we identified two immunogenic epitopes derived from the B.cinerea cell death-inducing protein BcCrh1 and used them to engineer disease-resistant plants through a novel,spatially compartmentalized dual-epitope immune activation strategy.The first epitope is derived from a 35-amino acid intracellular peptide that exhibits both immunogenicity and cell death-inducing activity,which was mutated to separate these two properties.The second peptide represents an immunogenic portion of the protein that activates extracellular plant immunity.Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that these epitopes trigger complementary defense pathways,and their co-expression integrates these responses into a robust,multilayered immunity,providing significantly enhanced protection compared with individual expression.Although constitutive expression of two epitopes conferred resistance,it also led to growth penalties.In contrast,pathogen-inducible expression of two epitopes preserved normal plant development while maintaining strong resistance to both B.cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis and tomato.This inducible strategy offers a major advantage by minimizing fitness costs while maximizing protection,highlighting the potential of spatially and temporally targeted epitope-based immune activation for durable and sustainable crop protection.
基金supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CATAS-Nos.1630152023007,1630152023011,1630152023012,1630152023013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071805).
文摘Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.
文摘The prognostic and therapeutic roles of biological markers in early-stage breast cancer(eBC)warrant further investigation.Non-Breast Cancer(BRCA)genes,along with moderate-and low-penetrance breast cancer risk variant genes,are crucial formaintaining genome stability,yet their prognostic significance in eBCremains unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the impact of non-BRCA genes on clinical outcomes in eBC patients.Significant correlations were observed between the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)expression levels of the genes Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated(ATM),Bloom helicase gene(BLM),and WRN RecQ Like Helicase(WRN)and patient prognosis.High mRNA expression of ATM was associated with longer metastasis-free survival(MFS).Conversely,lower mRNA expression of BLM correlated with favorable outcomes,particularly in triple-negative tumors.Additionally,high levels of WRN mRNA expression were linked to significantly longer MFS compared to low expression levels.This study highlights the prognostic significance of ATM,BLM,and WRN in predicting survival outcomes in eBC patients.Background:The prognostic significance of various biological and non-BRCA genetic in early-stage breast cancer(eBC)remains unclear and warrants further investigation.This study therefore aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of these genes on clinical outcomes in breast cancer.Methods:Patients included in this study were subdivided into two groups based on low and high messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)expression levels.Statistical analysis,including Kaplan-Meier curves,univariable,andmultivariable Cox regression analyses,was performed to assess metastasis-free survival(MFS)of mRNA expression of non-BRCA genes.Subgroup analyses were also conducted among four different molecular subtypes of eBC.Results:Our analysis revealed significant correlations between mRNA-expression levels of Ataxiatelangiectasia mutated(ATM),Bloom helicase gene(BLM),and WRN RecQ Like Helicase(WRN)and patient prognosis.High mRNA expression of ATM correlated with longer MFS in the entire cohort(p=0.022,Log Rank),and in luminal-B-like tumors(p=0.036).Lower mRNA expression of BLM was associated with favorable outcomes(p=0.011,Log Rank),particularly in triple-negative eBC(p=0.030,Log Rank).Finally,high levels of WRN mRNA expression correlated with significantly longerMFS compared to lowmRNA expression levels(p=0.009,Log Rank).Conclusions:This study underscores the prognostic significance of moderate penetrance breast cancer risk variant genes,such as ATM,BLM,and WRN,for survival outcomes in eBC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U19A2044,42105132,42030609,41975037,and 42105133)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3703502)+1 种基金the Plan for Anhui Major Provincial Science&Technology Project(No.202203a07020003)Hefei Ecological Environment Bureau Project(No.2020BFFFD01804).
文摘As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban expansion.However,there has been limited research in recent years on the spatial-temporal distribution and emission of its atmospheric pollutants.To address this,this study conducted mobile observations of urban roads using the Mobile-DOAS instrument from June 2021 to May 2022.The monitoring results exhibit a favourable consistent with TROPOMI satellite data and ground monitoring station data.Temporally,there were pronounced seasonal variations in air pollutants.Spatially,high concentration of HCHO and NO_(2)were closely associated with traffic congestion on roadways,while heightened SO_(2)levels were attributed to winter heating and industrial emissions.The study also revealed that with the implementation of road policies,the average vehicle speed increased by 95.4%,while the NO concentration decreased by 54.4%.In the estimation of urban NO_(x)emission flux,it was observed that in temporal terms,compared with inventory data,the emissions calculated viamobile measurements exhibitedmore distinct seasonal patterns,with the highest emission rate of 349 g/sec in winter and the lowest of 142 g/sec in summer.In spatial terms,the significant difference in emissions between the inner and outer ring roads also suggests the presence of the city’s primary NO_(x)emission sources in the area between these two rings.This study offers data support for formulating the next phase of air pollution control measures in urban areas.
基金supported by China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited(No.2021YJ127).
文摘Artificial intelligence,such as deep learning technology,has advanced the study of facial expression recognition since facial expression carries rich emotional information and is significant for many naturalistic situations.To pursue a high facial expression recognition accuracy,the network model of deep learning is generally designed to be very deep while the model’s real-time performance is typically constrained and limited.With MobileNetV3,a lightweight model with a good accuracy,a further study is conducted by adding a basic ResNet module to each of its existing modules and an SSH(Single Stage Headless Face Detector)context module to expand the model’s perceptual field.In this article,the enhanced model named Res-MobileNetV3,could alleviate the subpar of real-time performance and compress the size of large network models,which can process information at a rate of up to 33 frames per second.Although the improved model has been verified to be slightly inferior to the current state-of-the-art method in aspect of accuracy rate on the publically available face expression datasets,it can bring a good balance on accuracy,real-time performance,model size and model complexity in practical applications.
基金supported by the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202403)。
文摘Rice is a poor source of folate,an essential micronutrient for the body.Biofortification offers an effective way to enhance the folate content of rice and alleviate folate deficiencies in humans.In this study,we confirmed that OsADCS and OsGTPCHI,encoding the initial enzymes necessary for folate synthesis,positively regulate folate accumulation in knockout mutants of both japonica and indica rice backgrounds.The folate content in the low-folate japonica variety was slightly increased by the expression of the indica alleles driven by the endosperm-specific promoter.We further obtained co-expression lines by stacking OsADCS and OsGTPCHI genes;the folate accumulation in brown rice and polished rice reached 5.65μg/g and 2.95μg/g,respectively,representing 37.9-fold and 26.5-fold increases compared with the wild type.Transcriptomic analysis of rice grains from six transgenic lines showed that folate changes affected biological pathways involved in the synthesis and metabolism of rice seed storage substances,while the expression of other folate synthesis genes was weakly regulated.In addition,we identified Aus rice as a high-folate germplasm carrying superior haplotypes of OsADCS and OsGTPCHI through natural variation.This study provides an alternative and effective complementary strategy for rice biofortification,promoting the rational combination of metabolic engineering and conventional breeding to breed high-folate varieties.
基金2024 Provincial Teaching Reform Program for Graduate Students in the Second Batch of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Zhejiang Provincial Office of Education:Innovation and Practice of“Six Synergistic”Graduate Teaching Guided by Educator’s Spirit(No.JGCG2024406)Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Education Science Planning:Research on an interdisciplinary teaching model to promote students’computational thinking from multiple analytical perspectives[No.2025SB103].
文摘Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research method to carry out the research and proposes an AI-based reflective dialogue model.Based on this,an analysis of the impact brought by this model on EFL students’oral expression performance and learning anxiety levels.The results show that students in the experimental group have significantly higher oral expression performance than those in the control group in the three dimensions of grammatical accuracy,expressive fluency,and word accuracy.In addition,the students in the experimental group produced facilitated anxiety after using the AI-based reflective dialogue model for oral expression learning,which prompted the students to learn more diligently.
文摘Objective INF2 is a member of the formins family.Abnormal expression and regulation of INF2 have been associated with the progression of various tumors,but the expression and role of INF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain unclear.HCC is a highly lethal malignant tumor.Given the limitations of traditional treatments,this study explored the expression level,clinical value and potential mechanism of INF2 in HCC in order to seek new therapeutic targets.Methods In this study,we used public databases to analyze the expression of INF2 in pan-cancer and HCC,as well as the impact of INF2 expression levels on HCC prognosis.Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),Western blot,and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression level of INF2 in liver cancer cells and human HCC tissues.The correlation between INF2 expression and clinical pathological features was analyzed using public databases and clinical data of human HCC samples.Subsequently,the effects of INF2 expression on the biological function and Drp1 phosphorylation of liver cancer cells were elucidated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Finally,the predictive value and potential mechanism of INF2 in HCC were further analyzed through database and immunohistochemical experiments.Results INF2 is aberrantly high expression in HCC samples and the high expression of INF2 is correlated with overall survival,liver cirrhosis and pathological differentiation of HCC patients.The expression level of INF2 has certain diagnostic value in predicting the prognosis and pathological differentiation of HCC.In vivo and in vitro HCC models,upregulated expression of INF2 triggers the proliferation and migration of the HCC cell,while knockdown of INF2 could counteract this effect.INF2 in liver cancer cells may affect mitochondrial division by inducing Drp1 phosphorylation and mediate immune escape by up-regulating PD-L1 expression,thus promoting tumor progression.Conclusion INF2 is highly expressed in HCC and is associated with poor prognosis.High expression of INF2 may promote HCC progression by inducing Drp1 phosphorylation and up-regulation of PD-L1 expression,and targeting INF2 may be beneficial for HCC patients with high expression of INF2.
基金湖南省教育厅基金优秀青年项目(No.22B0482)湖南科技大学博士启动基金(No.E51992 and E51993)资助。
文摘The xylitol dehydrogenase(XDH)is a crucial enzyme involved in the xylose utilization in pentose⁃catabolizing yeasts and fungi.In addition to producing xylulose,XDH can also be employed to develop a biosensor for monitoring xylitol concentration.In this study,the gene encoding the thermophilic fungus Talaromyces emersonii XDH(TeXDH)was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)at 16℃in the soluble form.Recombinant TeXDH with high purity was purified by using a Ni⁃NTA affinity column.Size⁃exclusion chromatography and SDS⁃PAGE analysis demonstrated that the puri⁃fied recombinant TeXDH exists as a native trimer with a molecular mass of approximately 116 kD,and is composed of three identical subunits,each with a molecular weight of around 39 kD.The TeXDH strictly preferred NAD^(+)as a coenzyme to NADP^(+).The optimal temperature and pH of the TeXDH were 40℃and 10.0,respectively.After EDTA treatment,the enzyme activity of TeXDH decreased to 43.26%of the initial enzyme activity,while the divalent metal ions Mg^(2+)or Ca^(2+)could recover the enzyme activity of TeXDH,reaching 103.32%and 110.69%of the initial enzyme activity,respectively,making them the optimal divalent metal ion cofactors for TeXDH enzyme.However,the divalent metal ions of Mn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)significantly inhibited the activity of TeXDH.ICP⁃MS and molecular doc⁃king studies revealed that 1 mol/L of TeXDH bound 2 mol/L Zn^(2+)ions and 1 mol/L Mg^(2+)ion.Further⁃more,TeXDH exhibited a high specificity for xylitol,laying the foundation for the development of future xylitol biosensors.
文摘DNA microarray technology is an extremely effective technique for studying gene expression patterns in cells, and the main challenge currently faced by this technology is how to analyze the large amount of gene expression data generated. To address this, this paper employs a mixed-effects model to analyze gene expression data. In terms of data selection, 1176 genes from the white mouse gene expression dataset under two experimental conditions were chosen, setting up two conditions: pneumococcal infection and no infection, and constructing a mixed-effects model. After preprocessing the gene chip information, the data were imported into the model, preliminary results were calculated, and permutation tests were performed to biologically validate the preliminary results using GSEA. The final dataset consists of 20 groups of gene expression data from pneumococcal infection, which categorizes functionally related genes based on the similarity of their expression profiles, facilitating the study of genes with unknown functions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32371065(to CL)and 32170950(to LY)the Natural Science Foundation of the Guangdong Province,No.2023A1515010899(to CL)the Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou,Nos.2023A4J0578 and 2024A03J0180(to CW)。
文摘Neuronal activity,synaptic transmission,and molecular changes in the basolateral amygdala play critical roles in fear memory.Cylindromatosis(CYLD)is a deubiquitinase that negatively regulates the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway.CYLD is well studied in non-neuronal cells,yet underinvestigated in the brain,where it is highly expressed.Emerging studies have shown involvement of CYLD in the remodeling of glutamatergic synapses,neuroinflammation,fear memory,and anxiety-and autism-like behaviors.However,the precise role of CYLD in glutamatergic neurons is largely unknown.Here,we first proposed involvement of CYLD in cued fear expression.We next constructed transgenic model mice with specific deletion of Cyld from glutamatergic neurons.Our results show that glutamatergic CYLD deficiency exaggerated the expression of cued fear in only male mice.Further,loss of CYLD in glutamatergic neurons resulted in enhanced neuronal activation,impaired excitatory synaptic transmission,and altered levels of glutamate receptors accompanied by over-activation of microglia in the basolateral amygdala of male mice.Altogether,our study suggests a critical role of glutamatergic CYLD in maintaining normal neuronal,synaptic,and microglial activation.This may contribute,at least in part,to cued fear expression.
基金supported by the National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences(grant reference 22&ZD067).
文摘In the current situation of decelerating economic expansion,examining the digital economy(DE)as a novel economic model is beneficial for the local economy’s sustainable and high-quality development(HQD).We analyzed panel data from the Yellow River(YR)region from 2013 to 2021 and discovered notable spatial variances in the composite index and coupling coordination of the two systems.Specifically,the downstream region exhibited the highest coupling coordination,while the upstream region had the lowest.We identified that favorable factors such as economic development,innovation,industrial upgrading,and government intervention can bolster the coupling.Our findings provide a valuable framework for promoting DE and HQD in the YR region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62472149,62376089,62202147)Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(2023BCB04100).
文摘Accurate traffic flow prediction has a profound impact on modern traffic management. Traffic flow has complex spatial-temporal correlations and periodicity, which poses difficulties for precise prediction. To address this problem, a Multi-head Self-attention and Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (MSSTGCN) for multiscale traffic flow prediction is proposed. Firstly, to capture the hidden traffic periodicity of traffic flow, traffic flow is divided into three kinds of periods, including hourly, daily, and weekly data. Secondly, a graph attention residual layer is constructed to learn the global spatial features across regions. Local spatial-temporal dependence is captured by using a T-GCN module. Thirdly, a transformer layer is introduced to learn the long-term dependence in time. A position embedding mechanism is introduced to label position information for all traffic sequences. Thus, this multi-head self-attention mechanism can recognize the sequence order and allocate weights for different time nodes. Experimental results on four real-world datasets show that the MSSTGCN performs better than the baseline methods and can be successfully adapted to traffic prediction tasks.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Certificate Number:L234025).
文摘Spatial-temporal traffic prediction technology is crucial for network planning,resource allocation optimizing,and user experience improving.With the development of virtual network operators,multi-operator collaborations,and edge computing,spatial-temporal traffic data has taken on a distributed nature.Consequently,noncentralized spatial-temporal traffic prediction solutions have emerged as a recent research focus.Currently,the majority of research typically adopts federated learning methods to train traffic prediction models distributed on each base station.This method reduces additional burden on communication systems.However,this method has a drawback:it cannot handle irregular traffic data.Due to unstable wireless network environments,device failures,insufficient storage resources,etc.,data missing inevitably occurs during the process of collecting traffic data.This results in the irregular nature of distributed traffic data.Yet,commonly used traffic prediction models such as Recurrent Neural Networks(RNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)typically assume that the data is complete and regular.To address the challenge of handling irregular traffic data,this paper transforms irregular traffic prediction into problems of estimating latent variables and generating future traffic.To solve the aforementioned problems,this paper introduces split learning to design a structured distributed learning framework.The framework comprises a Global-level Spatial structure mining Model(GSM)and several Nodelevel Generative Models(NGMs).NGM and GSM represent Seq2Seq models deployed on the base station and graph neural network models deployed on the cloud or central controller.Firstly,the time embedding layer in NGM establishes the mapping relationship between irregular traffic data and regular latent temporal feature variables.Secondly,GSM collects statistical feature parameters of latent temporal feature variables from various nodes and executes graph embedding for spatial-temporal traffic data.Finally,NGM generates future traffic based on latent temporal and spatial feature variables.The introduction of the time attention mechanism enhances the framework’s capability to handle irregular traffic data.Graph attention network introduces spatially correlated base station traffic feature information into local traffic prediction,which compensates for missing information in local irregular traffic data.The proposed framework effectively addresses the distributed prediction issues of irregular traffic data.By testing on real world datasets,the proposed framework improves traffic prediction accuracy by 35%compared to other commonly used distributed traffic prediction methods.
基金The Science and Technology Plan of Dalian under contract Nos 2023RO058 and 2022RQ060the Liaoning Province Natural Science Planning Fund Project under contract No. 2022-BS-273+1 种基金the Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Basic Research Project under contract No. LJKQZ20222357the Discipline Construction Funding for Marine Science Subject of Dalian Ocean University。
文摘Mandarin fish(Siniperca scherzeri) has high market prices and significant market potential in China because of its highquality meat and high nutritional value. However, due to the limited scale of aquaculture, meeting the market demand is difficult, making the effective development of the aquaculture potential of mandarin fish an important challenge for the industry. In this study, a 30-d breeding experiment was conducted on mandarin fish larvae under three photoperiod conditions: G1 8 h light:16 h dark(8L:16D), G2 12 h light:12 h dark(12L:12D), and G3 16 h light:8 h dark(16L:8D). The results showed that the G2 group exhibited the best growth performance and development status, with final body weights, weight gain rates, and specific growth rates all higher than those of the other two groups(P < 0.05). Observations of sections from each group revealed that the intestinal villi length and muscle thickness of the G2 group were significantly greater than those of the other two groups(P < 0.05). The G2 group inhibited the transcriptional activation of key circadian rhythm genes, including nr1d2a, nr1d1 and per1, while upregulating the expression of BMAL1 in S. scherzeri.The activation of both the insulin signalling pathway and the Fox O signalling pathway enhanced the efficient secretion of insulin, which subsequently played a critical role in regulating fatty acid metabolism. This active fatty acid metabolism provided an optimal energy supply, ensuring that other nutrients were fully utilized during the growth and development process while minimizing unnecessary nutrient loss. Consequently, this mechanism effectively promoted the overall growth and development of S. scherzeri. This study was the first to elucidate the transcriptomic expression patterns of S. scherzeri under varying photoperiod conditions. In response to the cyclic alternation of day and night, S. scherzeri regulated their metabolic levels and the transcriptional activation of downstream target genes via insulin signalling.
基金Supported by College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202210553003)Hunan Provincial Education Department Outstanding Youth Research Project(23B0820).
文摘Kinesins are a superfamily of proteins widely present in eukaryotes,playing crucial roles in plant cell wall assembly,cell elongation regulation,gravity sensing,and fertility control.In this study,bioinformatics analysis of the OsKMP2 gene(LOC_Os02g28850)was performed using online tools such as ExPASy-ProtParam,ProtScale,CD-search,and DNAMAN software.Additionally,qRT-PCR was employed to analyze the tissue expression pattern of OsKMP2.The results showed that the molecular weight of the OsKMP2 is 118.39728 kDa,and it is a hydrophilic and unstable acidic protein.Secondary structure prediction revealed that it primarily consists ofα-helices(69.45%),random coils(25.19%),and extended strands(5.36%).The gene was expressed in various rice tissues,with the highest expression level observed in leaves.These results indicate that the OsKMP2 gene exhibits high evolutionary conservation and functional diversity in rice.
