Internal learning-based video inpainting methods have shown promising results by exploiting the intrinsic properties of the video to fill in the missing region without external dataset supervision.However,existing int...Internal learning-based video inpainting methods have shown promising results by exploiting the intrinsic properties of the video to fill in the missing region without external dataset supervision.However,existing internal learning-based video inpainting methods would produce inconsistent structures or blurry textures due to the insufficient utilisation of motion priors within the video sequence.In this paper,the authors propose a new internal learning-based video inpainting model called appearance consistency and motion coherence network(ACMC-Net),which can not only learn the recurrence of appearance prior but can also capture motion coherence prior to improve the quality of the inpainting results.In ACMC-Net,a transformer-based appearance network is developed to capture global context information within the video frame for representing appearance consistency accurately.Additionally,a novel motion coherence learning scheme is proposed to learn the motion prior in a video sequence effectively.Finally,the learnt internal appearance consistency and motion coherence are implicitly propagated to the missing regions to achieve inpainting well.Extensive experiments conducted on the DAVIS dataset show that the proposed model obtains the superior performance in terms of quantitative measurements and produces more visually plausible results compared with the state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the value of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)indicators in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy(DR),and to provide patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN)with more sensitive OCTA scree...AIM:To investigate the value of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)indicators in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy(DR),and to provide patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN)with more sensitive OCTA screening indicators to detect concurrent DR at an early stage.METHODS:A total of 200 patients who treated in the ophthalmology department of the Seventh Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from 2022 to 2023 were included,including 95 first-diagnosed DR patients and 105 patients without DR,and all patients underwent OCTA examination and a collection of demographics and renal function parameters.After a quality check,automated measurements of the foveal avascular zone area,vessel density(VD),and perfusion density(PD)of both 3 mm×3 mm and 6 mm×6 mm windows were obtained.RESULTS:Using random forest and multivariate Logistic regression methods,we developed a diagnostic model for DR based on 12 variables(age,FBG,SBP,DBP,HbA1c,ALT,ALP,urea/Scr,DM duration,HUA,DN,and CMT).Adding specific OCTA parameters enhanced the efficacy of the existing diagnostic model for DR(outer vessel density in 6 mm×6 mm window,AUC=0.837 vs 0.819,P=0.03).In the study of DN patients,the parameters in the 6 mm×6 mm window improved the diagnostic efficacy of DR(inner VD;outer VD;full VD;outer PD;full PD).CONCLUSION:The outer VD in the 6 mm×6 mm window can enhance the efficacy of the traditional DR diagnostic model.Meanwhile,compared with the 3 mm×3 mm window,the microvascular parameters in the 6 mm×6 mm window focusing on DN patients can be more sensitive to diagnosing the occurrence of DR.展开更多
As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban expansion.However,there has been limite...As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban expansion.However,there has been limited research in recent years on the spatial-temporal distribution and emission of its atmospheric pollutants.To address this,this study conducted mobile observations of urban roads using the Mobile-DOAS instrument from June 2021 to May 2022.The monitoring results exhibit a favourable consistent with TROPOMI satellite data and ground monitoring station data.Temporally,there were pronounced seasonal variations in air pollutants.Spatially,high concentration of HCHO and NO_(2)were closely associated with traffic congestion on roadways,while heightened SO_(2)levels were attributed to winter heating and industrial emissions.The study also revealed that with the implementation of road policies,the average vehicle speed increased by 95.4%,while the NO concentration decreased by 54.4%.In the estimation of urban NO_(x)emission flux,it was observed that in temporal terms,compared with inventory data,the emissions calculated viamobile measurements exhibitedmore distinct seasonal patterns,with the highest emission rate of 349 g/sec in winter and the lowest of 142 g/sec in summer.In spatial terms,the significant difference in emissions between the inner and outer ring roads also suggests the presence of the city’s primary NO_(x)emission sources in the area between these two rings.This study offers data support for formulating the next phase of air pollution control measures in urban areas.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic im...BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management strategies.Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated damage.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.AIM To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.METHODS This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy controls.Macular vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using OCTA.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls.NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls.NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes.On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.CONCLUSION Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.展开更多
AIM:To explore the morphological and functional parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab(IVR)in treating macular edema(ME)secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This...AIM:To explore the morphological and functional parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab(IVR)in treating macular edema(ME)secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This retrospective study involved 65 RVO patients(65 eyes)who received IVR and were followedup for more than 3mo.ME was categorized into cystoid macular edema(CME),diffuse retinal thickening(DRT),and serous retinal detachment(SRD)according to optical coherence tomography(OCT)images.The comparison of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;logMAR)and central macular thickness(CMT)among different follow-up points and those among 3 groups were performed by Kruskal-Wallis test.The correlation between BCVA and baseline parameters during treatment was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis.RESULTS:BCVA tended to improve in all groups,with marked improvement in CME and DRT groups.CMT showed the greatest reduction after 1wk,and remained stable over the following 3mo.DRT patients had the worst BCVA and the highest CMT at baseline,but the differences became smaller after IVR treatment.CMT in SRD group was significantly better than in CME and DRT groups 3mo after IVR.Most patients of CME and SRD groups transitioned to a normal pattern at 3mo follow-up.DRT patients were most likely to transform into the other morphological groups,while SRD patients showed minimal transitions.BCVA at baseline was identified as the most important prognostic indicator in all 3 groups.Additionally,DRT patients with a longer clinical course,higher CMT and central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)tend to exhibit worse BCVA after treatment.In addition,CRVO patients are more likely to have worse BCVA at 2 and 3mo follow-up compared with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)patients in CME group.SRD patients with higher baseline CMT were prone to experiencing worse BCVA after treatment.CONCLUSION:The effectiveness of IVR is strongly correlated with baseline BCVA in all 3 groups.Baseline parameters including clinical course,CMT,and RVO position are also useful in predicting the BCVA at different time points after treatment.展开更多
The morphological description of wear particles in lubricating oil is crucial for wear state monitoring and fault diagnosis in aero-engines.Accurately and comprehensively acquiring three-dimensional(3D)morphological d...The morphological description of wear particles in lubricating oil is crucial for wear state monitoring and fault diagnosis in aero-engines.Accurately and comprehensively acquiring three-dimensional(3D)morphological data of these particles has became a key focus in wear debris analysis.Herein,we develop a novel multi-view polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography(PS-OCT)method to achieve accurate 3D morphology detection and reconstruction of aero-engine lubricant wear particles,effectively resolving occlusion-induced information loss while enabling material-specific characterization.The particle morphology is captured by multi-view imaging,followed by filtering,sharpening,and contour recognition.The method integrates advanced registration algorithms with Poisson reconstruction to generate high-precision 3D models.This approach not only provides accurate 3D morphological reconstruction but also mitigates information loss caused by particle occlusion,ensuring model completeness.Furthermore,by collecting polarization characteristics of typical metals and their oxides in aero-engine lubricants,this work comprehensively characterizes and comparatively analyzes particle polarization properties using Stokes vectors,polarization uniformity,and cumulative phase retardation,and obtains a three-dimensional model containing polarization information.Ultimately,the proposed method enables multidimensional information acquisition for the reliable identification of abrasive particle types.展开更多
Optical coherence is a fundamental property of light,playing a key role in understanding interference,propagation,and light-matter interactions for both classical and quantum light.Measuring the coherence properties o...Optical coherence is a fundamental property of light,playing a key role in understanding interference,propagation,and light-matter interactions for both classical and quantum light.Measuring the coherence properties of an optical field is crucial for a wide range of applications.However,despite many proposed measurement schemes,significant challenges still remain.In this work,we present a protocol to measure the full-dimensional coherence properties of a partially coherent beam.The method is based on tomographing the complex coherent modes of the partially coherent field within its coherence time.Once the complex coherent modes are reconstructed,all coherence properties including field correlation and its higher-order correlations(e.g.,intensity correlation)can be recovered for beams that are either spatially uniformly or non-uniformly correlated.We perform a proof-of-principle experiment to measure the complex field correlation and intensity correlation of a structured partially coherent beam synthesized by random modes.Additionally,we discuss the application of full-dimensional complex coherence function tomography in coherence-based multi-cipher information security.The robustness of our system in complex environments is also evaluated.展开更多
In the current situation of decelerating economic expansion,examining the digital economy(DE)as a novel economic model is beneficial for the local economy’s sustainable and high-quality development(HQD).We analyzed p...In the current situation of decelerating economic expansion,examining the digital economy(DE)as a novel economic model is beneficial for the local economy’s sustainable and high-quality development(HQD).We analyzed panel data from the Yellow River(YR)region from 2013 to 2021 and discovered notable spatial variances in the composite index and coupling coordination of the two systems.Specifically,the downstream region exhibited the highest coupling coordination,while the upstream region had the lowest.We identified that favorable factors such as economic development,innovation,industrial upgrading,and government intervention can bolster the coupling.Our findings provide a valuable framework for promoting DE and HQD in the YR region.展开更多
Accurate traffic flow prediction has a profound impact on modern traffic management. Traffic flow has complex spatial-temporal correlations and periodicity, which poses difficulties for precise prediction. To address ...Accurate traffic flow prediction has a profound impact on modern traffic management. Traffic flow has complex spatial-temporal correlations and periodicity, which poses difficulties for precise prediction. To address this problem, a Multi-head Self-attention and Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (MSSTGCN) for multiscale traffic flow prediction is proposed. Firstly, to capture the hidden traffic periodicity of traffic flow, traffic flow is divided into three kinds of periods, including hourly, daily, and weekly data. Secondly, a graph attention residual layer is constructed to learn the global spatial features across regions. Local spatial-temporal dependence is captured by using a T-GCN module. Thirdly, a transformer layer is introduced to learn the long-term dependence in time. A position embedding mechanism is introduced to label position information for all traffic sequences. Thus, this multi-head self-attention mechanism can recognize the sequence order and allocate weights for different time nodes. Experimental results on four real-world datasets show that the MSSTGCN performs better than the baseline methods and can be successfully adapted to traffic prediction tasks.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the choroidopathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography(EDI SD-OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT...AIM:To evaluate the choroidopathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography(EDI SD-OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A total of 74 patients with SLE and 40 healthy volunteers were included in this cross-sectional study.SLE patients were further divided into three subgroups based on clinical and blood biochemistry findings.Ocular parameters obtained on ophthalmologic examination and optical imaging(EDI SD-OCT and OCTA)included the best corrected distance visual acuity(logMAR CDVA),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SCT),choroidal vascularity index(CVI)and vessel density(VD)of superficial capillary plexus(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP).RESULTS:SLE patients had significantly lower values for CVI and VD of DCP(DVD)than control subjects.Amongst SLE patients,gender and chloroquine dose were found to be independent determinants of CVI while age predicted SCT.Steroid dose was a significant predictor for foveal VD of SCP(SVD),chloroquine dose for parafoveal SVD,gender for total DVD,and gender and steroid dose for perifoveal DVD.No correlation of logMAR CDVA and SCT was noted between SLE patients and control subjects.No correlation of SCT was noted with disease duration,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index(SLEDAI)score,hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)dose or steroid dose.No correlation of CVI was noted with patient age,disease duration,SLEDAI score,HCQ dose or steroid dose.No significant difference was noted between SLE subgroups in terms of any of the ocular parameters studied.CONCLUSION:The findings reveal the presence of ocular findings suggestive of early onset choroidopathy on EDI SD-OCT and OCTA in SLE patients,in the absence of ocular manifestations or active disease.展开更多
Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)provides cross-sectional and three-dimensional reconstructions of the target tissue,allowing precise imaging and quantitative analysis of individual retinal layers.These images,based o...Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)provides cross-sectional and three-dimensional reconstructions of the target tissue,allowing precise imaging and quantitative analysis of individual retinal layers.These images,based on optical inhomogeneities,reveal intricate cellular structures and are vital for tasks like retinal segmentation.The proposed study uses OCT images to identify significant differences in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.Incorporating spectral-domain analysis of OCT images significantly enhances the evaluation of Purtcher Retinopathy.To streamline this process,the study introduces a Context Encoding Deep Neural Network(CEDNN),which eliminates the time-consuming manual segmentation process while improving the accuracy of retinal layer thickness measurements.Despite the excellent performance of deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)in multiclass ocular fluid segmentation and lesion identification,certain challenges remain.Specifically,segmentation accuracy declines in regions with very tiny patches of subretinal fluid,often due to limited training data.The proposed CEDNN addresses these limitations by reducing processing time and enhancing accuracy.The approach incorporates advanced diffusion techniques in the 2D segmentation process using a gradient convergence field that accounts for the anisotropic nature of image features.Experimental results on public datasets and clinical OCT images demonstrate that the CEDNN approach achieves remarkable performance,with an accuracy of 99.3%,sensitivity of 99.4%,and specificity of 99%.Furthermore,the use of 3D representations of surface data outperforms traditional 2D surface estimates,enhancing segmentation quality.The system also incorporates temporal dimension estimation,making it feasible to forecast rapid disease progression.This advanced approach holds significant potential for improving retinal disease detection and analysis,setting a new benchmark in automated OCT-based diagnostics.展开更多
Deconvolution methods are commonly used to improve the performance of phased array beamforming for sound source localization. However, for coherent sources localization, existing deconvolution methods are either highl...Deconvolution methods are commonly used to improve the performance of phased array beamforming for sound source localization. However, for coherent sources localization, existing deconvolution methods are either highly computationally demanding or sensitive to parameters.A deconvolution method, based on modifications of Clean based on Source Coherence(CLEAN-SC), is proposed for coherent sources localization. This method is called Coherence CLEAN-SC(C–CLEAN-SC). C–CLEAN-SC is able to locate coherent and incoherent sources in simulation and experimental cases. It has a high computational efficiency and does not require pre-set parameters.展开更多
Maximal steered coherence(MSC)is a noteworthy resource measure in the field of quantum information,and it is defined under the framework of coherence measure and the formalism of quantum steering ellipsoids(QSEs).Here...Maximal steered coherence(MSC)is a noteworthy resource measure in the field of quantum information,and it is defined under the framework of coherence measure and the formalism of quantum steering ellipsoids(QSEs).Here,we explore the MSC of a two-qubit X state under the common influences of reservoir and noise.The results disclose that the introduction of auxiliary qubits can give rise to enhancement of the MSC in both the strong and weak coupling regimes.Moreover,more auxiliary qubits can decrease the oscillation period of the MSC,and also suppress the oscillation amplitude of the MSC in the strong coupling regime.In contrast,the increases in auxiliary qubits result in the oscillation of the MSC for the setting of the initially weak coupling regime.Of particular interest is that the improvement effects of more auxiliary qubits on the MSC in the initially weak coupling regime are significantly stronger than that in the initially strong coupling regime.展开更多
The high temporal and spatial coherence of free electron lasers(FELs)reduces the uniformity of the illumination field,leading to scattering effects that blur the edges of patterns,resulting in diminished accuracy and ...The high temporal and spatial coherence of free electron lasers(FELs)reduces the uniformity of the illumination field,leading to scattering effects that blur the edges of patterns,resulting in diminished accuracy and clarity.Traditional imaging models regard the light source as fully incoherent,making it difficult to assess the impact of partially coherent light fields on imaging.If FELs are used in imaging systems,their coherence must be considered.To address this issue,this study explores the relationship between coherence,imaging quality and speckle contrast through a simulation method based on random phases.The method divides the light beam into temporal and spatial coherence cells,analyzes their interactions,and simulates imaging results under different coherence conditions.Additionally,speckle patterns for various illumination modes are calculated to evaluate their effects on speckle contrast and illumination uniformity.The results indicate that under different illumination modes,illumination uniformity decreases as coherence increases,while speckle contrast increases with higher coherence.In terms of imaging quality,higher coherence leads to an increase in both line edge roughness(LER)and line width roughness(LWR),thereby reducing the imaging quality.Additionally,the narrower the line width,the greater the impact of coherence on the imaging quality,resulting in poorer imaging performance.展开更多
BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch a...BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch and central retinal arteries and veins,alongside anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to identify these macular subclinical microvascular and structural changes.AIM To evaluate macular and peripapillary structural and microvasculature changes in patients with migraine with aura(MA),migraine without aura(MW),and healthy control(HC)participants using OCTA.METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study,we studied a total of 100 eyes:(1)32 eyes of 16 patients with MA;(2)36 eyes of 18 patients with MW,recruited based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders;and(3)32 eyes of 16 age and sex-matched healthy participants.Foveal flux,foveal avascular zone(FAZ),peripapillary flux obtained from OCTA,and foveal and peripapillary ganglion cell layer(GCL)thickness calculated via optical coherence tomography were compared among the groups.RESULTS The mean FAZ area measured in patients with MA and MW was significantly larger than that in the control participants(P=0.002).However,there was no significant difference between the FAZ of the MA and MW groups.Macular perfusion in the superficial capillary plexus in patients with MA was significantly lower compared to MW(P=0.0018)and HCs(P=0.002).There was also significant thinning of the GCL in patients with MA and MW(P=0.001)compared to HCs.However,there was no significant difference in temporal GCL thickness between the MA and MW groups.CONCLUSION Significant changes have been found in structural and microvascular parameters in patients with migraines compared with HCs.OCTA can serve as a valuable non-invasive imaging technique for identifying microcirculatory disturbances,aiding in better understanding the pathogenesis of different types of migraine and establishing their link with other ischemic retinal and systemic pathologies.展开更多
Spatial-temporal traffic prediction technology is crucial for network planning,resource allocation optimizing,and user experience improving.With the development of virtual network operators,multi-operator collaboratio...Spatial-temporal traffic prediction technology is crucial for network planning,resource allocation optimizing,and user experience improving.With the development of virtual network operators,multi-operator collaborations,and edge computing,spatial-temporal traffic data has taken on a distributed nature.Consequently,noncentralized spatial-temporal traffic prediction solutions have emerged as a recent research focus.Currently,the majority of research typically adopts federated learning methods to train traffic prediction models distributed on each base station.This method reduces additional burden on communication systems.However,this method has a drawback:it cannot handle irregular traffic data.Due to unstable wireless network environments,device failures,insufficient storage resources,etc.,data missing inevitably occurs during the process of collecting traffic data.This results in the irregular nature of distributed traffic data.Yet,commonly used traffic prediction models such as Recurrent Neural Networks(RNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)typically assume that the data is complete and regular.To address the challenge of handling irregular traffic data,this paper transforms irregular traffic prediction into problems of estimating latent variables and generating future traffic.To solve the aforementioned problems,this paper introduces split learning to design a structured distributed learning framework.The framework comprises a Global-level Spatial structure mining Model(GSM)and several Nodelevel Generative Models(NGMs).NGM and GSM represent Seq2Seq models deployed on the base station and graph neural network models deployed on the cloud or central controller.Firstly,the time embedding layer in NGM establishes the mapping relationship between irregular traffic data and regular latent temporal feature variables.Secondly,GSM collects statistical feature parameters of latent temporal feature variables from various nodes and executes graph embedding for spatial-temporal traffic data.Finally,NGM generates future traffic based on latent temporal and spatial feature variables.The introduction of the time attention mechanism enhances the framework’s capability to handle irregular traffic data.Graph attention network introduces spatially correlated base station traffic feature information into local traffic prediction,which compensates for missing information in local irregular traffic data.The proposed framework effectively addresses the distributed prediction issues of irregular traffic data.By testing on real world datasets,the proposed framework improves traffic prediction accuracy by 35%compared to other commonly used distributed traffic prediction methods.展开更多
Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a powerful tool for non-invasive,label-free,three-dimensional vi-sualization of blood vessels down to the capillary level in vivo.However,its widespread usage is hinder...Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a powerful tool for non-invasive,label-free,three-dimensional vi-sualization of blood vessels down to the capillary level in vivo.However,its widespread usage is hindered by the trade-off between transverse sampling rate and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).This trade-off results in either a limited field of view(FOV)to maintain sampling density or loss of capillary details to fulfil FOV requirement.It also restricts microvascular quantifications,including flow velocimetry,which typically demand higher transverse sampling rate and SNR compared with standard qualitative OCTA.We introduce spectrally extended line field OCTA(SELF-OCTA),a cost-effective imag-ing modality that improves transverse sampling rate and SNR through spectrally encoded parallel sampling and in-creased signal acquired over longer periods,respectively.In the human skin and retina in vivo,we demonstrate its ad-vantages in achieving significantly extended FOV without sacrificing microvascular resolution,high sensitivity to slower flow without compromising FOV,and flow velocity quantification with the highest dynamic range,emphasizing that these features can be achieved with readily available and standard OCTA hardware settings.SELF-OCTA has the potential to make wide-field,high-resolution,quantitative angiographic imaging accessible to a wider population,thereby facilitating the early detection and follow-up of vascular-related diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative anxiety,depression,irritability,and even fear in patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures may hinder recovery,compromise treatment efficacy,and impede rehabilitation.AIM To investigat...BACKGROUND Postoperative anxiety,depression,irritability,and even fear in patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures may hinder recovery,compromise treatment efficacy,and impede rehabilitation.AIM To investigate the correlations among anxiety,depression,sense of coherence(SOC),and post-traumatic growth(PTG)in patients who underwent intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery to improve clinical management strategies and outcomes.METHODS This study carefully selected 211 patients who received surgical treatment for intertrochanteric femoral fractures and were admitted to Dongying People’s Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024.Anxiety and depression in these patients were assessed with the anxiety and depression subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),respectively.SOC was evaluated using the 13-item SOC scale(SOC-13),which encompasses three key dimensions:Comprehensibility,manageability,and meaningfulness.PTG was assessed with the Chinese version of PTG Inventory(CPTGI),covering five distinct dimensions:Personal strength,appreciation of life,relating to others,new possibilities,and spiritual change.The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to meticulously analyze the associations among HADS-Anxiety,HADS-Depression,SOC-13,and CPTGI.Further,univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors that affect PTG in patients who underwent intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery.RESULTS The collected data demonstrated that 67.30%and 60.66%of the 211 patients experienced anxiety and depression,respectively,with overall anxiety levels ranging from mild to moderate and depression levels being mild.The mean SOC-13 score was 55.73±8.81 points,indicating a generally low SOC level.The average CPTGI score was 54.93±9.92 points,demonstrating a relatively low PTG level.Notably,both HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression scores were significantly negatively correlated with CPTGI,whereas SOC-13 scores were significantly positively correlated with CPTGI.Univariate and multivariate analyses identified the presence of comorbidities[odds ratio(OR)=2.747,P=0.003],monthly household income(OR=3.292,P<0.001),and exercise habits(OR=4.651,P<0.001)as independent predictors of PTG in patients.CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate a significant negative correlation of anxiety and depression with PTG in patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery,whereas a significant positive association exists between SOC and PTG.This study helps more comprehensively understand the psychological status and recovery processes of such patients,thereby potentially providing valuable information for clinical practice and psychological interventions.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate the quantum coherence extraction between two accelerating Unruh-DeWitt detectors,coupling to a scalar field in(3+1)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime.We find that quantum coherence as a nonc...In this paper,we investigate the quantum coherence extraction between two accelerating Unruh-DeWitt detectors,coupling to a scalar field in(3+1)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime.We find that quantum coherence as a nonclassical correlation can be generated through the Markovian evolution of the detector system,just like quantum entanglement.However,with growing Unruh temperature,in contrast to monotonously degrading entanglement,we find that quantum coherence exhibits a striking revival phenomenon.For certain detectors'initial state choices,the coherence measure will reduce to zero at first and then grow to an asymptotic value.We verify such coherence revival by inspecting its metrological advantage on the quantum Fisher information(QFI)enhancement.Since the maximal QFI bounds the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation,we conclude that the extracted coherence can be utilized as a physical resource in quantum metrology.展开更多
AIM:To determine the utility of the RS-1 spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT),which incorporates an“OCT Analysis Correction Parameter”for approximating axial length,in comparison with measurements ob...AIM:To determine the utility of the RS-1 spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT),which incorporates an“OCT Analysis Correction Parameter”for approximating axial length,in comparison with measurements obtained from the OA-2000.METHODS:Twenty-five right eyes of healthy individuals were included.Two horizontal line scans were conducted using the RS-1,and OCT Analysis Correction Parameters were recorded.Axial length was measured twice per eye using the OA-2000.Correlation between devices was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient,coefficient of repeatability(CR%),and Bland-Altman analysis.RESULTS:High correlation was found between axial length measurements from RS-1 and OA-2000(r=0.986,P<0.0001).The coefficient of repeatability was 1.56%for RS-1 and 0.115%for OA-2000.Mean axial length was 25.12±1.38 mm for RS-1 and 24.90±1.54 mm for OA-2000,with RS-1 showing a statistically significant larger value(paired t-test,P=0.0009).CONCLUSION:The axial length measurements of RS-1 demonstrate a strong positive correlation with those from the OA-2000.This indicates that it could potentially be used to forecast scan ranges and choose suitable databases according to axial length categories.展开更多
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Programme,Grant/Award Number:JCYJ202308071208000012023 Shenzhen sustainable supporting funds for colleges and universities,Grant/Award Number:20231121165240001Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultra High Definition Immersive Media Technology,Grant/Award Number:2024B1212010006。
文摘Internal learning-based video inpainting methods have shown promising results by exploiting the intrinsic properties of the video to fill in the missing region without external dataset supervision.However,existing internal learning-based video inpainting methods would produce inconsistent structures or blurry textures due to the insufficient utilisation of motion priors within the video sequence.In this paper,the authors propose a new internal learning-based video inpainting model called appearance consistency and motion coherence network(ACMC-Net),which can not only learn the recurrence of appearance prior but can also capture motion coherence prior to improve the quality of the inpainting results.In ACMC-Net,a transformer-based appearance network is developed to capture global context information within the video frame for representing appearance consistency accurately.Additionally,a novel motion coherence learning scheme is proposed to learn the motion prior in a video sequence effectively.Finally,the learnt internal appearance consistency and motion coherence are implicitly propagated to the missing regions to achieve inpainting well.Extensive experiments conducted on the DAVIS dataset show that the proposed model obtains the superior performance in terms of quantitative measurements and produces more visually plausible results compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
文摘AIM:To investigate the value of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)indicators in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy(DR),and to provide patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN)with more sensitive OCTA screening indicators to detect concurrent DR at an early stage.METHODS:A total of 200 patients who treated in the ophthalmology department of the Seventh Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from 2022 to 2023 were included,including 95 first-diagnosed DR patients and 105 patients without DR,and all patients underwent OCTA examination and a collection of demographics and renal function parameters.After a quality check,automated measurements of the foveal avascular zone area,vessel density(VD),and perfusion density(PD)of both 3 mm×3 mm and 6 mm×6 mm windows were obtained.RESULTS:Using random forest and multivariate Logistic regression methods,we developed a diagnostic model for DR based on 12 variables(age,FBG,SBP,DBP,HbA1c,ALT,ALP,urea/Scr,DM duration,HUA,DN,and CMT).Adding specific OCTA parameters enhanced the efficacy of the existing diagnostic model for DR(outer vessel density in 6 mm×6 mm window,AUC=0.837 vs 0.819,P=0.03).In the study of DN patients,the parameters in the 6 mm×6 mm window improved the diagnostic efficacy of DR(inner VD;outer VD;full VD;outer PD;full PD).CONCLUSION:The outer VD in the 6 mm×6 mm window can enhance the efficacy of the traditional DR diagnostic model.Meanwhile,compared with the 3 mm×3 mm window,the microvascular parameters in the 6 mm×6 mm window focusing on DN patients can be more sensitive to diagnosing the occurrence of DR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U19A2044,42105132,42030609,41975037,and 42105133)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3703502)+1 种基金the Plan for Anhui Major Provincial Science&Technology Project(No.202203a07020003)Hefei Ecological Environment Bureau Project(No.2020BFFFD01804).
文摘As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban expansion.However,there has been limited research in recent years on the spatial-temporal distribution and emission of its atmospheric pollutants.To address this,this study conducted mobile observations of urban roads using the Mobile-DOAS instrument from June 2021 to May 2022.The monitoring results exhibit a favourable consistent with TROPOMI satellite data and ground monitoring station data.Temporally,there were pronounced seasonal variations in air pollutants.Spatially,high concentration of HCHO and NO_(2)were closely associated with traffic congestion on roadways,while heightened SO_(2)levels were attributed to winter heating and industrial emissions.The study also revealed that with the implementation of road policies,the average vehicle speed increased by 95.4%,while the NO concentration decreased by 54.4%.In the estimation of urban NO_(x)emission flux,it was observed that in temporal terms,compared with inventory data,the emissions calculated viamobile measurements exhibitedmore distinct seasonal patterns,with the highest emission rate of 349 g/sec in winter and the lowest of 142 g/sec in summer.In spatial terms,the significant difference in emissions between the inner and outer ring roads also suggests the presence of the city’s primary NO_(x)emission sources in the area between these two rings.This study offers data support for formulating the next phase of air pollution control measures in urban areas.
文摘BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management strategies.Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated damage.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.AIM To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.METHODS This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy controls.Macular vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using OCTA.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls.NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls.NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes.On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.CONCLUSION Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.
基金Supported by the Suzhou Medical Innovation Application Research Project(SZM2023027).
文摘AIM:To explore the morphological and functional parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab(IVR)in treating macular edema(ME)secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This retrospective study involved 65 RVO patients(65 eyes)who received IVR and were followedup for more than 3mo.ME was categorized into cystoid macular edema(CME),diffuse retinal thickening(DRT),and serous retinal detachment(SRD)according to optical coherence tomography(OCT)images.The comparison of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;logMAR)and central macular thickness(CMT)among different follow-up points and those among 3 groups were performed by Kruskal-Wallis test.The correlation between BCVA and baseline parameters during treatment was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis.RESULTS:BCVA tended to improve in all groups,with marked improvement in CME and DRT groups.CMT showed the greatest reduction after 1wk,and remained stable over the following 3mo.DRT patients had the worst BCVA and the highest CMT at baseline,but the differences became smaller after IVR treatment.CMT in SRD group was significantly better than in CME and DRT groups 3mo after IVR.Most patients of CME and SRD groups transitioned to a normal pattern at 3mo follow-up.DRT patients were most likely to transform into the other morphological groups,while SRD patients showed minimal transitions.BCVA at baseline was identified as the most important prognostic indicator in all 3 groups.Additionally,DRT patients with a longer clinical course,higher CMT and central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)tend to exhibit worse BCVA after treatment.In addition,CRVO patients are more likely to have worse BCVA at 2 and 3mo follow-up compared with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)patients in CME group.SRD patients with higher baseline CMT were prone to experiencing worse BCVA after treatment.CONCLUSION:The effectiveness of IVR is strongly correlated with baseline BCVA in all 3 groups.Baseline parameters including clinical course,CMT,and RVO position are also useful in predicting the BCVA at different time points after treatment.
文摘The morphological description of wear particles in lubricating oil is crucial for wear state monitoring and fault diagnosis in aero-engines.Accurately and comprehensively acquiring three-dimensional(3D)morphological data of these particles has became a key focus in wear debris analysis.Herein,we develop a novel multi-view polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography(PS-OCT)method to achieve accurate 3D morphology detection and reconstruction of aero-engine lubricant wear particles,effectively resolving occlusion-induced information loss while enabling material-specific characterization.The particle morphology is captured by multi-view imaging,followed by filtering,sharpening,and contour recognition.The method integrates advanced registration algorithms with Poisson reconstruction to generate high-precision 3D models.This approach not only provides accurate 3D morphological reconstruction but also mitigates information loss caused by particle occlusion,ensuring model completeness.Furthermore,by collecting polarization characteristics of typical metals and their oxides in aero-engine lubricants,this work comprehensively characterizes and comparatively analyzes particle polarization properties using Stokes vectors,polarization uniformity,and cumulative phase retardation,and obtains a three-dimensional model containing polarization information.Ultimately,the proposed method enables multidimensional information acquisition for the reliable identification of abrasive particle types.
基金supports from the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2022YFA1404800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(12404348,12347114,12274311,12274310,12192254,92250304,W2441005)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M752311)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2023ZB185).
文摘Optical coherence is a fundamental property of light,playing a key role in understanding interference,propagation,and light-matter interactions for both classical and quantum light.Measuring the coherence properties of an optical field is crucial for a wide range of applications.However,despite many proposed measurement schemes,significant challenges still remain.In this work,we present a protocol to measure the full-dimensional coherence properties of a partially coherent beam.The method is based on tomographing the complex coherent modes of the partially coherent field within its coherence time.Once the complex coherent modes are reconstructed,all coherence properties including field correlation and its higher-order correlations(e.g.,intensity correlation)can be recovered for beams that are either spatially uniformly or non-uniformly correlated.We perform a proof-of-principle experiment to measure the complex field correlation and intensity correlation of a structured partially coherent beam synthesized by random modes.Additionally,we discuss the application of full-dimensional complex coherence function tomography in coherence-based multi-cipher information security.The robustness of our system in complex environments is also evaluated.
基金supported by the National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences(grant reference 22&ZD067).
文摘In the current situation of decelerating economic expansion,examining the digital economy(DE)as a novel economic model is beneficial for the local economy’s sustainable and high-quality development(HQD).We analyzed panel data from the Yellow River(YR)region from 2013 to 2021 and discovered notable spatial variances in the composite index and coupling coordination of the two systems.Specifically,the downstream region exhibited the highest coupling coordination,while the upstream region had the lowest.We identified that favorable factors such as economic development,innovation,industrial upgrading,and government intervention can bolster the coupling.Our findings provide a valuable framework for promoting DE and HQD in the YR region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62472149,62376089,62202147)Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(2023BCB04100).
文摘Accurate traffic flow prediction has a profound impact on modern traffic management. Traffic flow has complex spatial-temporal correlations and periodicity, which poses difficulties for precise prediction. To address this problem, a Multi-head Self-attention and Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (MSSTGCN) for multiscale traffic flow prediction is proposed. Firstly, to capture the hidden traffic periodicity of traffic flow, traffic flow is divided into three kinds of periods, including hourly, daily, and weekly data. Secondly, a graph attention residual layer is constructed to learn the global spatial features across regions. Local spatial-temporal dependence is captured by using a T-GCN module. Thirdly, a transformer layer is introduced to learn the long-term dependence in time. A position embedding mechanism is introduced to label position information for all traffic sequences. Thus, this multi-head self-attention mechanism can recognize the sequence order and allocate weights for different time nodes. Experimental results on four real-world datasets show that the MSSTGCN performs better than the baseline methods and can be successfully adapted to traffic prediction tasks.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the choroidopathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography(EDI SD-OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A total of 74 patients with SLE and 40 healthy volunteers were included in this cross-sectional study.SLE patients were further divided into three subgroups based on clinical and blood biochemistry findings.Ocular parameters obtained on ophthalmologic examination and optical imaging(EDI SD-OCT and OCTA)included the best corrected distance visual acuity(logMAR CDVA),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SCT),choroidal vascularity index(CVI)and vessel density(VD)of superficial capillary plexus(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP).RESULTS:SLE patients had significantly lower values for CVI and VD of DCP(DVD)than control subjects.Amongst SLE patients,gender and chloroquine dose were found to be independent determinants of CVI while age predicted SCT.Steroid dose was a significant predictor for foveal VD of SCP(SVD),chloroquine dose for parafoveal SVD,gender for total DVD,and gender and steroid dose for perifoveal DVD.No correlation of logMAR CDVA and SCT was noted between SLE patients and control subjects.No correlation of SCT was noted with disease duration,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index(SLEDAI)score,hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)dose or steroid dose.No correlation of CVI was noted with patient age,disease duration,SLEDAI score,HCQ dose or steroid dose.No significant difference was noted between SLE subgroups in terms of any of the ocular parameters studied.CONCLUSION:The findings reveal the presence of ocular findings suggestive of early onset choroidopathy on EDI SD-OCT and OCTA in SLE patients,in the absence of ocular manifestations or active disease.
基金funded by the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University through small group research under grant number RGP1/180/46.
文摘Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)provides cross-sectional and three-dimensional reconstructions of the target tissue,allowing precise imaging and quantitative analysis of individual retinal layers.These images,based on optical inhomogeneities,reveal intricate cellular structures and are vital for tasks like retinal segmentation.The proposed study uses OCT images to identify significant differences in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.Incorporating spectral-domain analysis of OCT images significantly enhances the evaluation of Purtcher Retinopathy.To streamline this process,the study introduces a Context Encoding Deep Neural Network(CEDNN),which eliminates the time-consuming manual segmentation process while improving the accuracy of retinal layer thickness measurements.Despite the excellent performance of deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)in multiclass ocular fluid segmentation and lesion identification,certain challenges remain.Specifically,segmentation accuracy declines in regions with very tiny patches of subretinal fluid,often due to limited training data.The proposed CEDNN addresses these limitations by reducing processing time and enhancing accuracy.The approach incorporates advanced diffusion techniques in the 2D segmentation process using a gradient convergence field that accounts for the anisotropic nature of image features.Experimental results on public datasets and clinical OCT images demonstrate that the CEDNN approach achieves remarkable performance,with an accuracy of 99.3%,sensitivity of 99.4%,and specificity of 99%.Furthermore,the use of 3D representations of surface data outperforms traditional 2D surface estimates,enhancing segmentation quality.The system also incorporates temporal dimension estimation,making it feasible to forecast rapid disease progression.This advanced approach holds significant potential for improving retinal disease detection and analysis,setting a new benchmark in automated OCT-based diagnostics.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2017-II-003–0015)。
文摘Deconvolution methods are commonly used to improve the performance of phased array beamforming for sound source localization. However, for coherent sources localization, existing deconvolution methods are either highly computationally demanding or sensitive to parameters.A deconvolution method, based on modifications of Clean based on Source Coherence(CLEAN-SC), is proposed for coherent sources localization. This method is called Coherence CLEAN-SC(C–CLEAN-SC). C–CLEAN-SC is able to locate coherent and incoherent sources in simulation and experimental cases. It has a high computational efficiency and does not require pre-set parameters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12175001)the Key Project of Natural Science Research of West Anhui University(Grant No.WXZR202311)+4 种基金the Open Fund of Anhui Undergrowth Crop Intelligent Equipment Engineering Research Center(Grant No.AUCIEERC-2022-01)Anhui Undergrowth Crop Intelligent Equipment Engineering Research Center(Grant No.2022AH010091)the Natural Science Research Key Project of Education Department of Anhui Province of China(Grant No.2023AH052648)the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(Grant No.GXXT-2021-026)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2108085MA18 and 2008085MA20).
文摘Maximal steered coherence(MSC)is a noteworthy resource measure in the field of quantum information,and it is defined under the framework of coherence measure and the formalism of quantum steering ellipsoids(QSEs).Here,we explore the MSC of a two-qubit X state under the common influences of reservoir and noise.The results disclose that the introduction of auxiliary qubits can give rise to enhancement of the MSC in both the strong and weak coupling regimes.Moreover,more auxiliary qubits can decrease the oscillation period of the MSC,and also suppress the oscillation amplitude of the MSC in the strong coupling regime.In contrast,the increases in auxiliary qubits result in the oscillation of the MSC for the setting of the initially weak coupling regime.Of particular interest is that the improvement effects of more auxiliary qubits on the MSC in the initially weak coupling regime are significantly stronger than that in the initially strong coupling regime.
文摘The high temporal and spatial coherence of free electron lasers(FELs)reduces the uniformity of the illumination field,leading to scattering effects that blur the edges of patterns,resulting in diminished accuracy and clarity.Traditional imaging models regard the light source as fully incoherent,making it difficult to assess the impact of partially coherent light fields on imaging.If FELs are used in imaging systems,their coherence must be considered.To address this issue,this study explores the relationship between coherence,imaging quality and speckle contrast through a simulation method based on random phases.The method divides the light beam into temporal and spatial coherence cells,analyzes their interactions,and simulates imaging results under different coherence conditions.Additionally,speckle patterns for various illumination modes are calculated to evaluate their effects on speckle contrast and illumination uniformity.The results indicate that under different illumination modes,illumination uniformity decreases as coherence increases,while speckle contrast increases with higher coherence.In terms of imaging quality,higher coherence leads to an increase in both line edge roughness(LER)and line width roughness(LWR),thereby reducing the imaging quality.Additionally,the narrower the line width,the greater the impact of coherence on the imaging quality,resulting in poorer imaging performance.
文摘BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch and central retinal arteries and veins,alongside anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to identify these macular subclinical microvascular and structural changes.AIM To evaluate macular and peripapillary structural and microvasculature changes in patients with migraine with aura(MA),migraine without aura(MW),and healthy control(HC)participants using OCTA.METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study,we studied a total of 100 eyes:(1)32 eyes of 16 patients with MA;(2)36 eyes of 18 patients with MW,recruited based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders;and(3)32 eyes of 16 age and sex-matched healthy participants.Foveal flux,foveal avascular zone(FAZ),peripapillary flux obtained from OCTA,and foveal and peripapillary ganglion cell layer(GCL)thickness calculated via optical coherence tomography were compared among the groups.RESULTS The mean FAZ area measured in patients with MA and MW was significantly larger than that in the control participants(P=0.002).However,there was no significant difference between the FAZ of the MA and MW groups.Macular perfusion in the superficial capillary plexus in patients with MA was significantly lower compared to MW(P=0.0018)and HCs(P=0.002).There was also significant thinning of the GCL in patients with MA and MW(P=0.001)compared to HCs.However,there was no significant difference in temporal GCL thickness between the MA and MW groups.CONCLUSION Significant changes have been found in structural and microvascular parameters in patients with migraines compared with HCs.OCTA can serve as a valuable non-invasive imaging technique for identifying microcirculatory disturbances,aiding in better understanding the pathogenesis of different types of migraine and establishing their link with other ischemic retinal and systemic pathologies.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Certificate Number:L234025).
文摘Spatial-temporal traffic prediction technology is crucial for network planning,resource allocation optimizing,and user experience improving.With the development of virtual network operators,multi-operator collaborations,and edge computing,spatial-temporal traffic data has taken on a distributed nature.Consequently,noncentralized spatial-temporal traffic prediction solutions have emerged as a recent research focus.Currently,the majority of research typically adopts federated learning methods to train traffic prediction models distributed on each base station.This method reduces additional burden on communication systems.However,this method has a drawback:it cannot handle irregular traffic data.Due to unstable wireless network environments,device failures,insufficient storage resources,etc.,data missing inevitably occurs during the process of collecting traffic data.This results in the irregular nature of distributed traffic data.Yet,commonly used traffic prediction models such as Recurrent Neural Networks(RNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)typically assume that the data is complete and regular.To address the challenge of handling irregular traffic data,this paper transforms irregular traffic prediction into problems of estimating latent variables and generating future traffic.To solve the aforementioned problems,this paper introduces split learning to design a structured distributed learning framework.The framework comprises a Global-level Spatial structure mining Model(GSM)and several Nodelevel Generative Models(NGMs).NGM and GSM represent Seq2Seq models deployed on the base station and graph neural network models deployed on the cloud or central controller.Firstly,the time embedding layer in NGM establishes the mapping relationship between irregular traffic data and regular latent temporal feature variables.Secondly,GSM collects statistical feature parameters of latent temporal feature variables from various nodes and executes graph embedding for spatial-temporal traffic data.Finally,NGM generates future traffic based on latent temporal and spatial feature variables.The introduction of the time attention mechanism enhances the framework’s capability to handle irregular traffic data.Graph attention network introduces spatially correlated base station traffic feature information into local traffic prediction,which compensates for missing information in local irregular traffic data.The proposed framework effectively addresses the distributed prediction issues of irregular traffic data.By testing on real world datasets,the proposed framework improves traffic prediction accuracy by 35%compared to other commonly used distributed traffic prediction methods.
基金support from the Ministry of Education Singapore under its Academic Research Funding Tier 2 grant(MOE-T2EP30120-0001)Academic Research Funding Tier 1 grant(RG35/22)+1 种基金Singapore National Medical Research Council CS-NIG grant(MOH-CNIG24jan-0004)Guangzhou National Laboratory grant(GZNL2025C03014).
文摘Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a powerful tool for non-invasive,label-free,three-dimensional vi-sualization of blood vessels down to the capillary level in vivo.However,its widespread usage is hindered by the trade-off between transverse sampling rate and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).This trade-off results in either a limited field of view(FOV)to maintain sampling density or loss of capillary details to fulfil FOV requirement.It also restricts microvascular quantifications,including flow velocimetry,which typically demand higher transverse sampling rate and SNR compared with standard qualitative OCTA.We introduce spectrally extended line field OCTA(SELF-OCTA),a cost-effective imag-ing modality that improves transverse sampling rate and SNR through spectrally encoded parallel sampling and in-creased signal acquired over longer periods,respectively.In the human skin and retina in vivo,we demonstrate its ad-vantages in achieving significantly extended FOV without sacrificing microvascular resolution,high sensitivity to slower flow without compromising FOV,and flow velocity quantification with the highest dynamic range,emphasizing that these features can be achieved with readily available and standard OCTA hardware settings.SELF-OCTA has the potential to make wide-field,high-resolution,quantitative angiographic imaging accessible to a wider population,thereby facilitating the early detection and follow-up of vascular-related diseases.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative anxiety,depression,irritability,and even fear in patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures may hinder recovery,compromise treatment efficacy,and impede rehabilitation.AIM To investigate the correlations among anxiety,depression,sense of coherence(SOC),and post-traumatic growth(PTG)in patients who underwent intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery to improve clinical management strategies and outcomes.METHODS This study carefully selected 211 patients who received surgical treatment for intertrochanteric femoral fractures and were admitted to Dongying People’s Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024.Anxiety and depression in these patients were assessed with the anxiety and depression subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),respectively.SOC was evaluated using the 13-item SOC scale(SOC-13),which encompasses three key dimensions:Comprehensibility,manageability,and meaningfulness.PTG was assessed with the Chinese version of PTG Inventory(CPTGI),covering five distinct dimensions:Personal strength,appreciation of life,relating to others,new possibilities,and spiritual change.The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to meticulously analyze the associations among HADS-Anxiety,HADS-Depression,SOC-13,and CPTGI.Further,univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors that affect PTG in patients who underwent intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery.RESULTS The collected data demonstrated that 67.30%and 60.66%of the 211 patients experienced anxiety and depression,respectively,with overall anxiety levels ranging from mild to moderate and depression levels being mild.The mean SOC-13 score was 55.73±8.81 points,indicating a generally low SOC level.The average CPTGI score was 54.93±9.92 points,demonstrating a relatively low PTG level.Notably,both HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression scores were significantly negatively correlated with CPTGI,whereas SOC-13 scores were significantly positively correlated with CPTGI.Univariate and multivariate analyses identified the presence of comorbidities[odds ratio(OR)=2.747,P=0.003],monthly household income(OR=3.292,P<0.001),and exercise habits(OR=4.651,P<0.001)as independent predictors of PTG in patients.CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate a significant negative correlation of anxiety and depression with PTG in patients after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery,whereas a significant positive association exists between SOC and PTG.This study helps more comprehensively understand the psychological status and recovery processes of such patients,thereby potentially providing valuable information for clinical practice and psychological interventions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12075178,12475061)Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics(No.23JSY006)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0302400)。
文摘In this paper,we investigate the quantum coherence extraction between two accelerating Unruh-DeWitt detectors,coupling to a scalar field in(3+1)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime.We find that quantum coherence as a nonclassical correlation can be generated through the Markovian evolution of the detector system,just like quantum entanglement.However,with growing Unruh temperature,in contrast to monotonously degrading entanglement,we find that quantum coherence exhibits a striking revival phenomenon.For certain detectors'initial state choices,the coherence measure will reduce to zero at first and then grow to an asymptotic value.We verify such coherence revival by inspecting its metrological advantage on the quantum Fisher information(QFI)enhancement.Since the maximal QFI bounds the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation,we conclude that the extracted coherence can be utilized as a physical resource in quantum metrology.
文摘AIM:To determine the utility of the RS-1 spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT),which incorporates an“OCT Analysis Correction Parameter”for approximating axial length,in comparison with measurements obtained from the OA-2000.METHODS:Twenty-five right eyes of healthy individuals were included.Two horizontal line scans were conducted using the RS-1,and OCT Analysis Correction Parameters were recorded.Axial length was measured twice per eye using the OA-2000.Correlation between devices was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient,coefficient of repeatability(CR%),and Bland-Altman analysis.RESULTS:High correlation was found between axial length measurements from RS-1 and OA-2000(r=0.986,P<0.0001).The coefficient of repeatability was 1.56%for RS-1 and 0.115%for OA-2000.Mean axial length was 25.12±1.38 mm for RS-1 and 24.90±1.54 mm for OA-2000,with RS-1 showing a statistically significant larger value(paired t-test,P=0.0009).CONCLUSION:The axial length measurements of RS-1 demonstrate a strong positive correlation with those from the OA-2000.This indicates that it could potentially be used to forecast scan ranges and choose suitable databases according to axial length categories.
