The granitoids of the continental crust transformation series in South China may be divided into threetypes: (1) synorogenic migmatic and magmatic type. (2) anorogenic continental crust anatexis type, and (3)syncollis...The granitoids of the continental crust transformation series in South China may be divided into threetypes: (1) synorogenic migmatic and magmatic type. (2) anorogenic continental crust anatexis type, and (3)syncollision type. Based on the results of Sr and Nd isotopic determinations, the source material compositionof the three types of granitoids is calculated with crust-mantle binary mixing simulation. The calculations indi-cate that the granitoids of the first type consist of 78.6-89.7% upper crust endmember materials and15.0-10.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, the granitoids of the second type are composed of 63.7%upper crust endmember materials and 36.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, and those of the third type100% upper crust endmember materials. Hence. the source material composition of the granitoids of all thethree types is dominated by upper crust endmembers.展开更多
Elastodynamic analysis of an anisotropic liquid-saturated porous medium is made to study a deformation problem of a transversely isotropic liquid-saturated porous medium due to mechanical sources. Certain physical pro...Elastodynamic analysis of an anisotropic liquid-saturated porous medium is made to study a deformation problem of a transversely isotropic liquid-saturated porous medium due to mechanical sources. Certain physical problems are of the nature, in which the deformation takes place only in one direction, e.g., the problem relating to deformed structures and columns. In soil mechanics, an assumption of only vertical subsidence is often invoked and this leads to the one dimensional model of poroelasticity. By consid- ering a model of one-dimensional deformation of the anisotropic liquid-saturated porous medium, variations in disturbances are observed with reference to time and distance. The distributions of displacements and stresses are affected due to the anisotropy of the medium, and also due to the type of sources causing the disturbances.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION The breakthroughs in unconventional petroleum have a great impact on world petroleum industry and innovation in petroleum geology(Dou et al,2022;Jia,2017;Zou et al.,2015b,2014a;Yerkin,2012;Pollastro,200...0 INTRODUCTION The breakthroughs in unconventional petroleum have a great impact on world petroleum industry and innovation in petroleum geology(Dou et al,2022;Jia,2017;Zou et al.,2015b,2014a;Yerkin,2012;Pollastro,2007;Schmoker,1995).The exploration and development evolution from conventional petroleum to unconventional petroleum and more and more frequent industrial activities of exploring petroleum inside sources kitchen have deepened theoretical understanding of unconventional petroleum geology and promoted technical research and development(Jia et al.,2021,2017;Jin et al.,2021;Zhao W Z et al.,2020;Ma Y S et al.,2018,2012;Zou et al.,2018b,2016,2009;Dai et al.,2012).We have introduced and extended the theory of continuous hydrocarbon accumulation since 2008 and published several papers/books(in Chinese and English)with respect to unconventional petroleum geology since 2009,basically forming the theoretical framework for this discipline(Yang et al.,2022a,2021a,2019a,,2015a;Zou et al.,2019c,2017b,2014a,,2013a).In this paper,we present the background of unconventional petroleum geology,review the latest theoretical and technological progress in unconventional petroleum geology,introduce relevant thinking and practices in China,and explore the pathway of unconventional petroleum revolution and multi-energy coordinated development in super energy basins,hopefully to promote the unconventional petroleum geology and industry development.展开更多
A new procedure of determining optimal C/N (the rate of carbon source to nitrogen source) of mixed distillers' grains for combined bacteria synergic fermentation is established. At the same time an improved method...A new procedure of determining optimal C/N (the rate of carbon source to nitrogen source) of mixed distillers' grains for combined bacteria synergic fermentation is established. At the same time an improved method evaluating bacteria growth, called method of dry cell weighing by filtering is developed. For each combination of C and N, their initial and residual contents before and after fermentation respectively are determined. Then followed the calculation of utilization of C and N sources by the compound bacteria. The optimal C/N is finally located from among the utilization of C and N of several combinations and the weight of produced mass of oven dried thallus. The conditions of fermentation are: inoculum size 10%, temperature 30 0℃, rotational speed 170 r/min, shake culture time 48h. The best results obtained from orthogonal experiments are: maximum mass of oven dried thallus is 14 693g in a liter liquid medium, maximum utilization rate of carbon source is 98 13% and maximum utilization rate of nitrogen is 78 14%. Optimal C/N is 5 1.展开更多
An expression of the 3-D pulsating source of Michell type with forward speed for infinite water depth is derived in the present paper based on the Fourier transformation and contour integration technique. Emphases are...An expression of the 3-D pulsating source of Michell type with forward speed for infinite water depth is derived in the present paper based on the Fourier transformation and contour integration technique. Emphases are laid on the discussion of the mechanical feature of the source and the radiation behavior far from the source. The relative importance of each components of the pulsating source is discussed in detail. Compared with the commonly used pulsating source of Haskind type, the present expression has the merits of simplicity for numerical treatment and being more meaningful in its physical explanation. The Michell type expression of the 3-D pulsating source with forward speed can be widely used for the estimation of motions and wave forces for ships and offshore structures in waves with forward speed. The radiative behavior of the source in the far field may also give a reasonabel description of the radiation condition or the open boundary condition for other numerical methods, such as the Rankine source method etc.展开更多
文摘The granitoids of the continental crust transformation series in South China may be divided into threetypes: (1) synorogenic migmatic and magmatic type. (2) anorogenic continental crust anatexis type, and (3)syncollision type. Based on the results of Sr and Nd isotopic determinations, the source material compositionof the three types of granitoids is calculated with crust-mantle binary mixing simulation. The calculations indi-cate that the granitoids of the first type consist of 78.6-89.7% upper crust endmember materials and15.0-10.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, the granitoids of the second type are composed of 63.7%upper crust endmember materials and 36.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, and those of the third type100% upper crust endmember materials. Hence. the source material composition of the granitoids of all thethree types is dominated by upper crust endmembers.
文摘Elastodynamic analysis of an anisotropic liquid-saturated porous medium is made to study a deformation problem of a transversely isotropic liquid-saturated porous medium due to mechanical sources. Certain physical problems are of the nature, in which the deformation takes place only in one direction, e.g., the problem relating to deformed structures and columns. In soil mechanics, an assumption of only vertical subsidence is often invoked and this leads to the one dimensional model of poroelasticity. By consid- ering a model of one-dimensional deformation of the anisotropic liquid-saturated porous medium, variations in disturbances are observed with reference to time and distance. The distributions of displacements and stresses are affected due to the anisotropy of the medium, and also due to the type of sources causing the disturbances.
基金supported by the Petro China Science and Technology Project (No.2021DJ18)National Special Program for High-Level Talents (the fourth batch)the PetroChina,national ministries,academical universities and research institutes。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION The breakthroughs in unconventional petroleum have a great impact on world petroleum industry and innovation in petroleum geology(Dou et al,2022;Jia,2017;Zou et al.,2015b,2014a;Yerkin,2012;Pollastro,2007;Schmoker,1995).The exploration and development evolution from conventional petroleum to unconventional petroleum and more and more frequent industrial activities of exploring petroleum inside sources kitchen have deepened theoretical understanding of unconventional petroleum geology and promoted technical research and development(Jia et al.,2021,2017;Jin et al.,2021;Zhao W Z et al.,2020;Ma Y S et al.,2018,2012;Zou et al.,2018b,2016,2009;Dai et al.,2012).We have introduced and extended the theory of continuous hydrocarbon accumulation since 2008 and published several papers/books(in Chinese and English)with respect to unconventional petroleum geology since 2009,basically forming the theoretical framework for this discipline(Yang et al.,2022a,2021a,2019a,,2015a;Zou et al.,2019c,2017b,2014a,,2013a).In this paper,we present the background of unconventional petroleum geology,review the latest theoretical and technological progress in unconventional petroleum geology,introduce relevant thinking and practices in China,and explore the pathway of unconventional petroleum revolution and multi-energy coordinated development in super energy basins,hopefully to promote the unconventional petroleum geology and industry development.
文摘A new procedure of determining optimal C/N (the rate of carbon source to nitrogen source) of mixed distillers' grains for combined bacteria synergic fermentation is established. At the same time an improved method evaluating bacteria growth, called method of dry cell weighing by filtering is developed. For each combination of C and N, their initial and residual contents before and after fermentation respectively are determined. Then followed the calculation of utilization of C and N sources by the compound bacteria. The optimal C/N is finally located from among the utilization of C and N of several combinations and the weight of produced mass of oven dried thallus. The conditions of fermentation are: inoculum size 10%, temperature 30 0℃, rotational speed 170 r/min, shake culture time 48h. The best results obtained from orthogonal experiments are: maximum mass of oven dried thallus is 14 693g in a liter liquid medium, maximum utilization rate of carbon source is 98 13% and maximum utilization rate of nitrogen is 78 14%. Optimal C/N is 5 1.
文摘An expression of the 3-D pulsating source of Michell type with forward speed for infinite water depth is derived in the present paper based on the Fourier transformation and contour integration technique. Emphases are laid on the discussion of the mechanical feature of the source and the radiation behavior far from the source. The relative importance of each components of the pulsating source is discussed in detail. Compared with the commonly used pulsating source of Haskind type, the present expression has the merits of simplicity for numerical treatment and being more meaningful in its physical explanation. The Michell type expression of the 3-D pulsating source with forward speed can be widely used for the estimation of motions and wave forces for ships and offshore structures in waves with forward speed. The radiative behavior of the source in the far field may also give a reasonabel description of the radiation condition or the open boundary condition for other numerical methods, such as the Rankine source method etc.
