This study aimed to compare the complications of preterm twins versus singletons and analyze differences across gestational ages.Preterm twins delivered between 2 March 2022 and 6 November 2022 were compared to an age...This study aimed to compare the complications of preterm twins versus singletons and analyze differences across gestational ages.Preterm twins delivered between 2 March 2022 and 6 November 2022 were compared to an age-matched control group of singletons,involving 65 twins and 103 singletons.The most common complication in premature infants was neonatal jaundice(87.72%),followed by patent foramen ovale(79.76%)and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)(57.14%).Twins had significantly higher Apgar scores at 1,5,and 10 minutes compared to singletons.However,twins showed a higher incidence of ventricular septal defect(VSD)(7.69%)than singletons,with a statistically significant difference.In contrast,twins exhibited significantly lower rates of neonatal jaundice(78.46%),electrolyte imbalance(18.4%),and acid-base imbalance(9.23%)compared to singletons.Furthermore,as gestational age increased,the incidence of intrauterine infection,electrolyte and acid-base imbalances,neonatal coagulation disorders,patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),anemia,and NRDS in preterm infants gradually decreased,with all differences reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).These findings highlight the importance of close monitoring and timely management of complications in premature infants to prevent severe outcomes.展开更多
A new equalization method is proposed in this paper for severely nonlinear distorted channels. The structure of decision feedback is adopted for the non-singleton fuzzy regular neural network that is trained by gradie...A new equalization method is proposed in this paper for severely nonlinear distorted channels. The structure of decision feedback is adopted for the non-singleton fuzzy regular neural network that is trained by gradient-descent algorithm. The model shows a much better performance on anti-jamming and nonlinear classification, and simulation is carried out to compare this method with other nonlinear channel equalization methods. The results show the method has the least bit error rate （BER）.展开更多
目的探究单胎活产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)的发生情况,并分析其高危因素。方法回顾性收集2019年1月—2024年1月山东第一医科大学附属人民医院1020例单胎活产儿及其母亲的临床资料,统计SGA发生率,采用单因素和...目的探究单胎活产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)的发生情况,并分析其高危因素。方法回顾性收集2019年1月—2024年1月山东第一医科大学附属人民医院1020例单胎活产儿及其母亲的临床资料,统计SGA发生率,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析SGA的独立危险因素。结果1020例单胎活产儿中SGA发生率为9.90%。新生儿为女性、胎盘重量较低或存在脐带异常者SGA发生率更高(均P<0.05);早产、过期产与SGA发生率之间存在显著的线性趋势关系(均P<0.05)。母亲因素中,年龄<20岁或≥35岁、文化程度小学及以下、孕前低体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、孕期增重不足、妊娠高血压、糖尿病、贫血、甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退、羊水/胎盘异常及孕母有吸烟史与新生儿更高的SGA发生率相关(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,早产、过期产、低胎盘重量、脐带异常、孕前低BMI、孕期增重不足、妊娠高血压、妊娠期贫血、孕母有吸烟史是SGA发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论单胎活产SGA的发生与早产、过期产、低胎盘重量、脐带异常、孕前低BMI、孕期增重不足、妊娠高血压、妊娠期贫血及吸烟史等危险因素相关,需针对性加强围产期管理以降低发生风险。展开更多
BACKGROUND The full implementation of the national two-child policy has presented significant challenges in ensuring the safety of pregnant women.AIM To investigate the effect of cervical balloon fluid volume on mater...BACKGROUND The full implementation of the national two-child policy has presented significant challenges in ensuring the safety of pregnant women.AIM To investigate the effect of cervical balloon fluid volume on maternal processes,maternal and infant outcomes,and anxiety during pregnancy.METHODS A total of 100 singleton term pregnancies with cervical maturity induction and anxiety were selected using a lottery method;50 women were included.Cervical balloons were used for all participants.In the control group,80 mL of fluid was injected into both balloons;in the observation group,80 and 100 mL were injected into the vaginal and cervical balloons,respectively.The two groups were compared for cervical maturity,labor duration,anxiety,maternal and infant outcomes,and effects on cervical ripening.RESULTS After treatment,the cervical maturity test(Bishop)score was significantly higher in the observation group(9.76±1.19)than in the control group(7.62±0.83),and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale score was lower in the observation group(7.32±0.85)than in the control group(13.05±1.12).The observation group showed higher rates of natural delivery and lower rates of cesarean section than the control group.The first and total stages of labor were shorter in the observation than in the control group;no significant differences were found in the second and third stages.The incidence of complications was lower in the observation group[1(2.00%)vs 9(18.00%)for complications;49(98.00%)vs 41(82.00%)for non-complications].CONCLUSION The selected fluid volumes to promote cervical maturity and induce labor stabilize maternal mood,increase the natural delivery rate,shorten labor,and improve maternal and infant outcomes.展开更多
Established system equivalences for transition systems, such as trace equivalence and failures equivalence, require the ob- servations to be exactly identical. However, an accurate measure- ment is impossible when int...Established system equivalences for transition systems, such as trace equivalence and failures equivalence, require the ob- servations to be exactly identical. However, an accurate measure- ment is impossible when interacting with the physical world, hence exact equivalence is restrictive and not robust. Using Baire met- ric, a generalized framework of transition system approximation is proposed by developing the notions of approximate language equivalence and approximate singleton failures （SF） equivalence. The framework takes the traditional exact equivalence as a special case. The approximate language equivalence is coarser than the approximate Slc equivalence, just like the hierarchy of the exact ones. The main conclusion is that the two approximate equiva- lences satisfy the transitive property, consequently, they can be successively used in transition system approximation.展开更多
Objective： To explore whether there exist differences in cognitive development between singletons and twins born after in vitro fertilization （IVF） or intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）. Methods： A total of...Objective： To explore whether there exist differences in cognitive development between singletons and twins born after in vitro fertilization （IVF） or intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）. Methods： A total of 566 children were recruited for the study, including 388 children （singletons, n=175; twins, n=213） born after IVF and 178 children （singletons, n=87; twins, n=91 ） born after ICSI. The cognitive development was assessed using the Chinese-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （C-WISC）. Results： For all pre-term offspring, all the intelligence quotient （IQ） items between singletons and twins showed no significant differences no matter if they were born after IVF or ICSI. There was a significant difference in the cognitive development of IVF-conceived full-term singletons and twins. The twins born after IVF obtained significantly lower scores than the singletons in verbal IQ （containing information, picture ＆ vocabulary, arithmetic, picture completion, comprehension, and language）, performance IQ （containing maze, visual analysis, object assembly, and performance）, and full scale IQ （P〈0.05）. The cognitive development of full-term sin- gletons and twins born after ICSI did not show any significant differences. There was no significant difference between the parents of the singletons and twins in their characteristics where data were collected, including the age of the mothers, the current employment status, the educational backgrounds, and areas of residence. There were also no consistent differences in the duration of pregnancy, sex composition of the children, age, and height between sin- gletons and twins at the time of our study although there existed significant differences between the two groups in the sex composition of the full-term children born after ICSI （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： Compared to the full-term singletons born after IVF, the full-term twins have lower cognitive development. The cognitive development of full-term singletons and twins born after ICSI did not show any significant differences. For all pre-term offspring, singletons and twins born after IVF or ICSI, the results of the cognitive development showed no significant differences.展开更多
Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the be...Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the benefit of ACS according to gestational age, we aimed to examine whether there was any benefit of ACS on perinatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) according to different gestational ages at birth. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from an observational prospective chart review study was conducted in four hospitals located in the Mwanza region, Tanzania. The study population consisted of singleton infants delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation between July 2019 and February 2020. Sociodemographic and medical data were recorded from participants’ medical records. Results: Over an eight-month period, 838 preterm singletons were delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation. Three hundred and twelve (37.2%) pregnant women received at least one dose of ACS. Among infants exposed to ACS, perinatal mortality rates were significantly lower than those without exposure at the 27th week (27.8% vs 94.4%, P < 0.001), the 29th week (13.3% vs 51.4%, P = 0.012) and the 34th week (3.0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.001). Among infants exposed to ACS, the RDS rate was significantly lower than those without exposure only at the 32nd week (9.5% vs 25.0%, P = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings add to the literature about the benefits of ACS for preterm infants of various gestational ages in low-resource settings. Compared to unexposed infants, those exposed to ACS and born at 27th and 34th weeks of gestation experienced lower rates of perinatal mortality. Future research, especially among infants born before the 27th week of pregnancy, is a priority.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to compare the complications of preterm twins versus singletons and analyze differences across gestational ages.Preterm twins delivered between 2 March 2022 and 6 November 2022 were compared to an age-matched control group of singletons,involving 65 twins and 103 singletons.The most common complication in premature infants was neonatal jaundice(87.72%),followed by patent foramen ovale(79.76%)and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)(57.14%).Twins had significantly higher Apgar scores at 1,5,and 10 minutes compared to singletons.However,twins showed a higher incidence of ventricular septal defect(VSD)(7.69%)than singletons,with a statistically significant difference.In contrast,twins exhibited significantly lower rates of neonatal jaundice(78.46%),electrolyte imbalance(18.4%),and acid-base imbalance(9.23%)compared to singletons.Furthermore,as gestational age increased,the incidence of intrauterine infection,electrolyte and acid-base imbalances,neonatal coagulation disorders,patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),anemia,and NRDS in preterm infants gradually decreased,with all differences reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).These findings highlight the importance of close monitoring and timely management of complications in premature infants to prevent severe outcomes.
文摘A new equalization method is proposed in this paper for severely nonlinear distorted channels. The structure of decision feedback is adopted for the non-singleton fuzzy regular neural network that is trained by gradient-descent algorithm. The model shows a much better performance on anti-jamming and nonlinear classification, and simulation is carried out to compare this method with other nonlinear channel equalization methods. The results show the method has the least bit error rate （BER）.
文摘目的探究单胎活产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)的发生情况,并分析其高危因素。方法回顾性收集2019年1月—2024年1月山东第一医科大学附属人民医院1020例单胎活产儿及其母亲的临床资料,统计SGA发生率,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析SGA的独立危险因素。结果1020例单胎活产儿中SGA发生率为9.90%。新生儿为女性、胎盘重量较低或存在脐带异常者SGA发生率更高(均P<0.05);早产、过期产与SGA发生率之间存在显著的线性趋势关系(均P<0.05)。母亲因素中,年龄<20岁或≥35岁、文化程度小学及以下、孕前低体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、孕期增重不足、妊娠高血压、糖尿病、贫血、甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退、羊水/胎盘异常及孕母有吸烟史与新生儿更高的SGA发生率相关(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,早产、过期产、低胎盘重量、脐带异常、孕前低BMI、孕期增重不足、妊娠高血压、妊娠期贫血、孕母有吸烟史是SGA发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论单胎活产SGA的发生与早产、过期产、低胎盘重量、脐带异常、孕前低BMI、孕期增重不足、妊娠高血压、妊娠期贫血及吸烟史等危险因素相关,需针对性加强围产期管理以降低发生风险。
基金Supported by the Wuxi Municipal Health Commission Maternal and Child Health Research Project,No.FYKY202202.
文摘BACKGROUND The full implementation of the national two-child policy has presented significant challenges in ensuring the safety of pregnant women.AIM To investigate the effect of cervical balloon fluid volume on maternal processes,maternal and infant outcomes,and anxiety during pregnancy.METHODS A total of 100 singleton term pregnancies with cervical maturity induction and anxiety were selected using a lottery method;50 women were included.Cervical balloons were used for all participants.In the control group,80 mL of fluid was injected into both balloons;in the observation group,80 and 100 mL were injected into the vaginal and cervical balloons,respectively.The two groups were compared for cervical maturity,labor duration,anxiety,maternal and infant outcomes,and effects on cervical ripening.RESULTS After treatment,the cervical maturity test(Bishop)score was significantly higher in the observation group(9.76±1.19)than in the control group(7.62±0.83),and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale score was lower in the observation group(7.32±0.85)than in the control group(13.05±1.12).The observation group showed higher rates of natural delivery and lower rates of cesarean section than the control group.The first and total stages of labor were shorter in the observation than in the control group;no significant differences were found in the second and third stages.The incidence of complications was lower in the observation group[1(2.00%)vs 9(18.00%)for complications;49(98.00%)vs 41(82.00%)for non-complications].CONCLUSION The selected fluid volumes to promote cervical maturity and induce labor stabilize maternal mood,increase the natural delivery rate,shorten labor,and improve maternal and infant outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1137100311461006)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2011GXNSFA0181542012GXNSFGA060003)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guangxi(10169-1)the Scientific Research Project from Guangxi Education Department(201012MS274)Open Research Fund Program of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Hybrid Computation and IC Design Analysis(HCIC201301)
文摘Established system equivalences for transition systems, such as trace equivalence and failures equivalence, require the ob- servations to be exactly identical. However, an accurate measure- ment is impossible when interacting with the physical world, hence exact equivalence is restrictive and not robust. Using Baire met- ric, a generalized framework of transition system approximation is proposed by developing the notions of approximate language equivalence and approximate singleton failures （SF） equivalence. The framework takes the traditional exact equivalence as a special case. The approximate language equivalence is coarser than the approximate Slc equivalence, just like the hierarchy of the exact ones. The main conclusion is that the two approximate equiva- lences satisfy the transitive property, consequently, they can be successively used in transition system approximation.
基金Project supported by the Program for Zhejiang Leading Team of S&T Innovation(No.2011R50013-14)the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2014CB943302)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Programs of the Department of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province(No.2010C13028)the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2012BAI32B01),China
文摘Objective： To explore whether there exist differences in cognitive development between singletons and twins born after in vitro fertilization （IVF） or intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）. Methods： A total of 566 children were recruited for the study, including 388 children （singletons, n=175; twins, n=213） born after IVF and 178 children （singletons, n=87; twins, n=91 ） born after ICSI. The cognitive development was assessed using the Chinese-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （C-WISC）. Results： For all pre-term offspring, all the intelligence quotient （IQ） items between singletons and twins showed no significant differences no matter if they were born after IVF or ICSI. There was a significant difference in the cognitive development of IVF-conceived full-term singletons and twins. The twins born after IVF obtained significantly lower scores than the singletons in verbal IQ （containing information, picture ＆ vocabulary, arithmetic, picture completion, comprehension, and language）, performance IQ （containing maze, visual analysis, object assembly, and performance）, and full scale IQ （P〈0.05）. The cognitive development of full-term sin- gletons and twins born after ICSI did not show any significant differences. There was no significant difference between the parents of the singletons and twins in their characteristics where data were collected, including the age of the mothers, the current employment status, the educational backgrounds, and areas of residence. There were also no consistent differences in the duration of pregnancy, sex composition of the children, age, and height between sin- gletons and twins at the time of our study although there existed significant differences between the two groups in the sex composition of the full-term children born after ICSI （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： Compared to the full-term singletons born after IVF, the full-term twins have lower cognitive development. The cognitive development of full-term singletons and twins born after ICSI did not show any significant differences. For all pre-term offspring, singletons and twins born after IVF or ICSI, the results of the cognitive development showed no significant differences.
文摘Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the benefit of ACS according to gestational age, we aimed to examine whether there was any benefit of ACS on perinatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) according to different gestational ages at birth. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from an observational prospective chart review study was conducted in four hospitals located in the Mwanza region, Tanzania. The study population consisted of singleton infants delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation between July 2019 and February 2020. Sociodemographic and medical data were recorded from participants’ medical records. Results: Over an eight-month period, 838 preterm singletons were delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation. Three hundred and twelve (37.2%) pregnant women received at least one dose of ACS. Among infants exposed to ACS, perinatal mortality rates were significantly lower than those without exposure at the 27th week (27.8% vs 94.4%, P < 0.001), the 29th week (13.3% vs 51.4%, P = 0.012) and the 34th week (3.0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.001). Among infants exposed to ACS, the RDS rate was significantly lower than those without exposure only at the 32nd week (9.5% vs 25.0%, P = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings add to the literature about the benefits of ACS for preterm infants of various gestational ages in low-resource settings. Compared to unexposed infants, those exposed to ACS and born at 27th and 34th weeks of gestation experienced lower rates of perinatal mortality. Future research, especially among infants born before the 27th week of pregnancy, is a priority.
