It is important to quantify and analyze forest spatial patterns for studying biological characteristics,population interaction and the relationship between the population and environment.In this study,the forest spati...It is important to quantify and analyze forest spatial patterns for studying biological characteristics,population interaction and the relationship between the population and environment.In this study,the forest spatial structure unit was generated based on the Delaunay triangulation model(DTM),and the weights were generated using the comprehensive values of the tree diameter at breast height,total height and crown width.The distance between neighbors determined by the DTM was weighted to transform the original coordinates of trees into logical coordinates.Then,a weighted spatial pattern(WSP)was developed.After weighting,the neighboring trees were replaced,the replacement ratio was 38.3%,and there was 57.4%of the central tree.Correlation analysis showed that the uniform angle index of the WSP was significantly correlated with the tree size standard deviation under uniformity(r=0.932)and randomness(r=0.711).The DTM method not only considers the spatial distance between trees,but also considers the non-spatial attributes of trees.By changing the spatial topological relation between trees,this method further improves the spatial structure measurement of forest.展开更多
A Fourier kernel based time-frequency transform is a proven candidate for non-stationary signal analysis and pattern recognition because of its ability to predict time localized spectrum and global phase reference cha...A Fourier kernel based time-frequency transform is a proven candidate for non-stationary signal analysis and pattern recognition because of its ability to predict time localized spectrum and global phase reference characteristics.However,it suffers from heavy computational overhead and large execution time.The paper,therefore,uses a novel fast discrete sparse S-transform(SST)suitable for extracting time frequency response to monitor non-stationary signal parameters,which can be ultimately used for disturbance detection,and their pattern classification.From the sparse S-transform matrix,some relevant features have been extracted which are used to distinguish among different non-stationary signals by a fuzzy decision tree based classifier.This algorithm is robust under noisy conditions.Various power quality as well as chirp signals have been simulated and tested with the proposed technique in noisy conditions as well.Some real time mechanical faulty signals have been collected to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.All the simulation results imply that the proposed technique is very much efficient.展开更多
Mapping and monitoring the distribution of croplands and crop types support policymakers and international organizations by reducing the risks to food security,notably from climate change and,for that purpose,remote s...Mapping and monitoring the distribution of croplands and crop types support policymakers and international organizations by reducing the risks to food security,notably from climate change and,for that purpose,remote sensing is routinely used.However,identifying specific crop types,cropland,and cropping patterns using space-based observations is challenging because different crop types and cropping patterns have similarity spectral signatures.This study applied a methodology to identify cropland and specific crop types,including tobacco,wheat,barley,and gram,as well as the following cropping patterns:wheat-tobacco,wheat-gram,wheat-barley,and wheat-maize,which are common in Gujranwala District,Pakistan,the study region.The methodology consists of combining optical remote sensing images from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 with Machine Learning(ML)methods,namely a Decision Tree Classifier(DTC)and a Random Forest(RF)algorithm.The best time-periods for differentiating cropland from other land cover types were identified,and then Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 NDVI-based time-series were linked to phenological parameters to determine the different crop types and cropping patterns over the study region using their temporal indices and ML algorithms.The methodology was subsequently evaluated using Landsat images,crop statistical data for 2020 and 2021,and field data on cropping patterns.The results highlight the high level of accuracy of the methodological approach presented using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 images,together with ML techniques,for mapping not only the distribution of cropland,but also crop types and cropping patterns when validated at the county level.These results reveal that this methodology has benefits for monitoring and evaluating food security in Pakistan,adding to the evidence base of other studies on the use of remote sensing to identify crop types and cropping patterns in other countries.展开更多
The wet grip of tire has always been the focus because it is related to the personal safety of passengers directly.Many methods were employed to improve the wet grip of tire.Researchers paid more attention on bionics ...The wet grip of tire has always been the focus because it is related to the personal safety of passengers directly.Many methods were employed to improve the wet grip of tire.Researchers paid more attention on bionics method recent years.In nature,tree frogs have high adhesion ability in wet environment,which is mainly due to their footpads having fine polygon grooves(mainly hexagon grooves).To improve the performance of wet grip of tire,from the perspective of bionics,inspired by the footpad of tree frog,the bionic hexagon tread pattern was designed.The friction test was carried out to compare with the common tread patterns such as serrated,striped and square patterns.The results showed that the bionic hexagon tread pattern generally had high friction coefficient and directional stability of friction.The main reason was that the hexagon tread block was less affected by the friction-induced torque and the groove of bionic hexagon tread pattern had better drainage characteristic.The bionic hexagon tread pattern provides new idea and method for the design of tires with high wet grip.展开更多
Generating attack pattern automatically based on attack tree is studied. The extending definition of attack tree is proposed. And the algorithm of generating attack tree is presented. The method of generating attack p...Generating attack pattern automatically based on attack tree is studied. The extending definition of attack tree is proposed. And the algorithm of generating attack tree is presented. The method of generating attack pattern automatically based on attack tree is shown, which is tested by concrete attack instances. The results show that the algorithm is effective and efficient. In doing so, the efficiency of generating attack pattern is improved and the attack trees can be reused.展开更多
By analyzing the existing prefix-tree data structure, an improved pattern tree was introduced for processing new transactions. It firstly stored transactions in a lexicographic order tree and then restructured the tre...By analyzing the existing prefix-tree data structure, an improved pattern tree was introduced for processing new transactions. It firstly stored transactions in a lexicographic order tree and then restructured the tree by sorting each path in a frequency-descending order. While updating the improved pattern tree, there was no need to rescan the entire new database or reconstruct a new tree for incremental updating. A test was performed on synthetic dataset T1014D100K with 100 000 transactions and 870 items. Experimental results show that the smaller the minimum sup- port threshold, the faster the improved pattern tree achieves over CanTree for all datasets. As the minimum support threshold increased from 2% to 3.5%, the runtime decreased from 452.71 s to 186.26 s. Meanwhile, the runtime re- quired by CanTree decreased from 1 367.03 s to 432.19 s. When the database was updated, the execution time of im- proved pattern tree consisted of construction of original improved pattern trees and reconstruction of initial tree. The experiment results showed that the runtime was saved by about 15% compared with that of CanTree. As the number of transactions increased, the runtime of improved pattern tree was about 25% shorter than that of FP-tree. The improved pattern tree also required less memory than CanTree.展开更多
Exploitation of equipment with cross linked polyethylene (XLPE ) insulation requires its condition monitoring and diagnostic. Traditionally diagnostics of insulation is carried out by means of partial discharge detect...Exploitation of equipment with cross linked polyethylene (XLPE ) insulation requires its condition monitoring and diagnostic. Traditionally diagnostics of insulation is carried out by means of partial discharge detection. However, such identification of a defect, for example, void, inclusion or treeing, does not say about its danger from a point of view of full insulation gap breakdown and insulation construction failure. For this purpose a 29 kV CN-CV cable sample is studied. The experiment is based on research for determination of the dependencies between PD characteristics in XLPE upon time and three dimension PD patterns of corresponding treeing. The investigations were carried out by means of electrical measurement of PD current and simultaneous optical recording of treeing image. The needleplane electrode is applied as the electrode. As a result, -q-n PD patterns which are used as the bases to bush tree initialization and growth can be obtained. Test results show that PD pattern recognition can be applied as a powerful tool for recognizing electrical tree initialization and growth. This can make a good basis for on-line condition monitoring of high voltage power cable.展开更多
Introduction: As far as adult and married women were concerned, when they occurred to “unplanned pregnancy”, they felt so surprised and concussive all the time. Besides, the unplanned pregnancy also affects the othe...Introduction: As far as adult and married women were concerned, when they occurred to “unplanned pregnancy”, they felt so surprised and concussive all the time. Besides, the unplanned pregnancy also affects the other members in the family system. Therefore, when married women have to face the choice: “birth” or “abortion”, they’ll consider lots of thoughts and different decision criteria and decision pattern under various influences on physician, mind, mental and society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the criteria considered and the decision patterns involved when adult married women decide whether to terminate or continue an unplanned pregnancy. Methods: The study uses the method—“Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling” [1] to build model of the decision criteria and decision patterns involved when adult married women make a decision about their unplanned pregnancy. There are three process in the research method: “Pilot Study”—interview two groups, every group distinct 4 married adult women with unplanned pregnancies, which decide whether to terminate or continue an unplanned pregnancy, what is the items of decision characters affect to the choice: “birth” or “abortion”. “Building of the Model”, displays the importance in proper order of those items and build the modeling with these two groups of women. “Testing of the Model”: investigate the criteria considered and the decision patterns involved when adult married women decide whether to terminate or continue an unplanned pregnancy. The study interviewed 34 married adult women with 43 unplanned pregnancies totally. Results: The result of the study finds out 12 items of decision characters, including planning to get pregnant or not, stability of feelings for married partner, the points of view on life, was affected by mother, mother-in-law, an husband’s emphasis on male, the meanings of children, the financial burden, the plan an assignment of career and time, the past pregnant experiences, the status of raising children, the health of parents and fetus, the effect of living environment, and social and cultural vision. Besides, there are four decision patterns of married adult women with unplanned pregnancy are “receiving abortion positively”;“giving birth as long as getting pregnancy naturally”;“ the minds are hesitative and changeable”, and “being forced by important others.” Conclusion: By setting the decision model tree, we found several decision criteria and patterns, and possible modes actions to be taken, could offer to see the adult married women’s decision-making and struggles in mind about unplanned pregnancy.展开更多
In the XML community, exact queries allow users to specify exactly what they want to check and/or retrieve in an XML document. When they are applied to a semi-structured document or to a document with an overly comple...In the XML community, exact queries allow users to specify exactly what they want to check and/or retrieve in an XML document. When they are applied to a semi-structured document or to a document with an overly complex model, the lack or the ignorance of the explicit document model (DTD—Document Type Definition, Schema, etc.) increases the risk of obtaining an empty result set when the query is too specific, or, too large result set when it is too vague (e.g. it contains wildcards such as “*”). The reason is that in both cases, users write queries according to the document model they have in mind;this can be very far from the one that can actually be extracted from the document. Opposed to exact queries, preference queries are more flexible and can be relaxed to expand the search space during their evaluations. Indeed, during their evaluation, certain constraints (the preferences they contain) can be relaxed if necessary to avoid precisely empty results;moreover, the returned answers can be filtered to retain only the best ones. This paper presents an algorithm for evaluating such queries inspired by the TreeMatch algorithm proposed by Yao et al. for exact queries. In the proposed algorithm, the best answers are obtained by using an adaptation of the Skyline operator (defined in relational databases) in the context of documents (trees) to incrementally filter into the partial solutions set, those which satisfy the maximum of preferential constraints. The only restriction imposed on documents is No-Self-Containment.展开更多
A recommender system is an approach performed by e-commerce for increasing smooth users’experience.Sequential pattern mining is a technique of data mining used to identify the co-occurrence relationships by taking in...A recommender system is an approach performed by e-commerce for increasing smooth users’experience.Sequential pattern mining is a technique of data mining used to identify the co-occurrence relationships by taking into account the order of transactions.This work will present the implementation of sequence pattern mining for recommender systems within the domain of e-com-merce.This work will execute the Systolic tree algorithm for mining the frequent patterns to yield feasible rules for the recommender system.The feature selec-tion's objective is to pick a feature subset having the least feature similarity as well as highest relevancy with the target class.This will mitigate the feature vector's dimensionality by eliminating redundant,irrelevant,or noisy data.This work pre-sents a new hybrid recommender system based on optimized feature selection and systolic tree.The features were extracted using Term Frequency-Inverse Docu-ment Frequency(TF-IDF),feature selection with the utilization of River Forma-tion Dynamics(RFD),and the Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm.The systolic tree is used for pattern mining,and based on this,the recommendations are given.The proposed methods were evaluated using the MovieLens dataset,and the experimental outcomes confirmed the efficiency of the techniques.It was observed that the RFD feature selection with systolic tree frequent pattern mining with collaborativefiltering,the precision of 0.89 was achieved.展开更多
Petal blotch is a prevalent pigmentation pattern observed in the Xibei tree peony(Paeonia rockii), possessing significant aesthetic value and playing a crucial role in the species' reproduction and fitness. Despit...Petal blotch is a prevalent pigmentation pattern observed in the Xibei tree peony(Paeonia rockii), possessing significant aesthetic value and playing a crucial role in the species' reproduction and fitness. Despite years of research, deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying blotch formation remains challenging. As is well known, floral pigmentation is frequently associated with the familiar R2R3-MYB transcription factors. The key MYB anthocyanin activators of P. rockii ‘Shu Sheng Peng Mo' were previously reported in our preceding study. In this study, we identified and characterized three R2R3-MYBs, Pr MYBi1, Pr MYBi2, and Pr MYBi3, which belong to subgroup 4(SG4) and play repressor roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. A quantitative real-time PCR(q RT-PCR) assay indicated that the expression of Pr MYBi1 and Pr MYBi3 gradually increased during flowering development and was substantially up-regulated in non-blotch compared to blotch. Yeast one-hybrid and dualluciferase assays demonstrated that Pr MYBi(1-3) directly target the anthocyanin structural genes and repress their transcription. The genetic transformation of tobacco demonstrated that the overexpression of Pr MYBi(1-3) decreased anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, with Pr MYBi1 serving as the most effective repressor. Our results revealed that SG4 R2R3-MYBs negatively regulate the anthocyanin pathway in P.rockii conservatively, and we provide the definite members. These findings will advance future research to unravel the mystery of blotch pattern formation.展开更多
挖掘最大频繁项目集是多种数据挖掘应用中的关键问题,之前的很多研究都是采用Apriori类的候选项目集生成-检验方法.然而,候选项目集产生的代价是很高的,尤其是在存在大量强模式和/或长模式的时候.提出了一种快速的基于频繁模式树(FP-tr...挖掘最大频繁项目集是多种数据挖掘应用中的关键问题,之前的很多研究都是采用Apriori类的候选项目集生成-检验方法.然而,候选项目集产生的代价是很高的,尤其是在存在大量强模式和/或长模式的时候.提出了一种快速的基于频繁模式树(FP-tree)的最大频繁项目集挖掘DMFIA(discover maximum frequent itemsets algorithm)及其更新算法UMFIA(update maximum frequent itemsets algorithm).算法UMFIA将充分利用以前的挖掘结果来减少在更新的数据库中发现新的最大频繁项目集的费用.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570627)Hunan Forestry Science and Technology Project(XLK201740)+1 种基金Hunan Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Plan(2017TP1022)Hunan Science and Technology Plan Project(2015WK3017)。
文摘It is important to quantify and analyze forest spatial patterns for studying biological characteristics,population interaction and the relationship between the population and environment.In this study,the forest spatial structure unit was generated based on the Delaunay triangulation model(DTM),and the weights were generated using the comprehensive values of the tree diameter at breast height,total height and crown width.The distance between neighbors determined by the DTM was weighted to transform the original coordinates of trees into logical coordinates.Then,a weighted spatial pattern(WSP)was developed.After weighting,the neighboring trees were replaced,the replacement ratio was 38.3%,and there was 57.4%of the central tree.Correlation analysis showed that the uniform angle index of the WSP was significantly correlated with the tree size standard deviation under uniformity(r=0.932)and randomness(r=0.711).The DTM method not only considers the spatial distance between trees,but also considers the non-spatial attributes of trees.By changing the spatial topological relation between trees,this method further improves the spatial structure measurement of forest.
文摘A Fourier kernel based time-frequency transform is a proven candidate for non-stationary signal analysis and pattern recognition because of its ability to predict time localized spectrum and global phase reference characteristics.However,it suffers from heavy computational overhead and large execution time.The paper,therefore,uses a novel fast discrete sparse S-transform(SST)suitable for extracting time frequency response to monitor non-stationary signal parameters,which can be ultimately used for disturbance detection,and their pattern classification.From the sparse S-transform matrix,some relevant features have been extracted which are used to distinguish among different non-stationary signals by a fuzzy decision tree based classifier.This algorithm is robust under noisy conditions.Various power quality as well as chirp signals have been simulated and tested with the proposed technique in noisy conditions as well.Some real time mechanical faulty signals have been collected to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.All the simulation results imply that the proposed technique is very much efficient.
文摘Mapping and monitoring the distribution of croplands and crop types support policymakers and international organizations by reducing the risks to food security,notably from climate change and,for that purpose,remote sensing is routinely used.However,identifying specific crop types,cropland,and cropping patterns using space-based observations is challenging because different crop types and cropping patterns have similarity spectral signatures.This study applied a methodology to identify cropland and specific crop types,including tobacco,wheat,barley,and gram,as well as the following cropping patterns:wheat-tobacco,wheat-gram,wheat-barley,and wheat-maize,which are common in Gujranwala District,Pakistan,the study region.The methodology consists of combining optical remote sensing images from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 with Machine Learning(ML)methods,namely a Decision Tree Classifier(DTC)and a Random Forest(RF)algorithm.The best time-periods for differentiating cropland from other land cover types were identified,and then Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 NDVI-based time-series were linked to phenological parameters to determine the different crop types and cropping patterns over the study region using their temporal indices and ML algorithms.The methodology was subsequently evaluated using Landsat images,crop statistical data for 2020 and 2021,and field data on cropping patterns.The results highlight the high level of accuracy of the methodological approach presented using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 images,together with ML techniques,for mapping not only the distribution of cropland,but also crop types and cropping patterns when validated at the county level.These results reveal that this methodology has benefits for monitoring and evaluating food security in Pakistan,adding to the evidence base of other studies on the use of remote sensing to identify crop types and cropping patterns in other countries.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan(2016YFD0701102)the Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(101832020CX166)+3 种基金the Science-Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province(20200403038SF,20200501013GX,20200403006SF)the"13th Five-Year Plan"Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jilin Province(JJKH20201000KJ,JJKH20211120KJ)the Talent Development Foundation of Jilin Province(2020015)the Fundamental Research Foundation for the Central Universities.
文摘The wet grip of tire has always been the focus because it is related to the personal safety of passengers directly.Many methods were employed to improve the wet grip of tire.Researchers paid more attention on bionics method recent years.In nature,tree frogs have high adhesion ability in wet environment,which is mainly due to their footpads having fine polygon grooves(mainly hexagon grooves).To improve the performance of wet grip of tire,from the perspective of bionics,inspired by the footpad of tree frog,the bionic hexagon tread pattern was designed.The friction test was carried out to compare with the common tread patterns such as serrated,striped and square patterns.The results showed that the bionic hexagon tread pattern generally had high friction coefficient and directional stability of friction.The main reason was that the hexagon tread block was less affected by the friction-induced torque and the groove of bionic hexagon tread pattern had better drainage characteristic.The bionic hexagon tread pattern provides new idea and method for the design of tires with high wet grip.
文摘Generating attack pattern automatically based on attack tree is studied. The extending definition of attack tree is proposed. And the algorithm of generating attack tree is presented. The method of generating attack pattern automatically based on attack tree is shown, which is tested by concrete attack instances. The results show that the algorithm is effective and efficient. In doing so, the efficiency of generating attack pattern is improved and the attack trees can be reused.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50975193)Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20060056016)
文摘By analyzing the existing prefix-tree data structure, an improved pattern tree was introduced for processing new transactions. It firstly stored transactions in a lexicographic order tree and then restructured the tree by sorting each path in a frequency-descending order. While updating the improved pattern tree, there was no need to rescan the entire new database or reconstruct a new tree for incremental updating. A test was performed on synthetic dataset T1014D100K with 100 000 transactions and 870 items. Experimental results show that the smaller the minimum sup- port threshold, the faster the improved pattern tree achieves over CanTree for all datasets. As the minimum support threshold increased from 2% to 3.5%, the runtime decreased from 452.71 s to 186.26 s. Meanwhile, the runtime re- quired by CanTree decreased from 1 367.03 s to 432.19 s. When the database was updated, the execution time of im- proved pattern tree consisted of construction of original improved pattern trees and reconstruction of initial tree. The experiment results showed that the runtime was saved by about 15% compared with that of CanTree. As the number of transactions increased, the runtime of improved pattern tree was about 25% shorter than that of FP-tree. The improved pattern tree also required less memory than CanTree.
基金The project supported by the Science and Engineering Reserch Fund of Southwest JiaotongUniversity(1999 XM02) and the Startup F
文摘Exploitation of equipment with cross linked polyethylene (XLPE ) insulation requires its condition monitoring and diagnostic. Traditionally diagnostics of insulation is carried out by means of partial discharge detection. However, such identification of a defect, for example, void, inclusion or treeing, does not say about its danger from a point of view of full insulation gap breakdown and insulation construction failure. For this purpose a 29 kV CN-CV cable sample is studied. The experiment is based on research for determination of the dependencies between PD characteristics in XLPE upon time and three dimension PD patterns of corresponding treeing. The investigations were carried out by means of electrical measurement of PD current and simultaneous optical recording of treeing image. The needleplane electrode is applied as the electrode. As a result, -q-n PD patterns which are used as the bases to bush tree initialization and growth can be obtained. Test results show that PD pattern recognition can be applied as a powerful tool for recognizing electrical tree initialization and growth. This can make a good basis for on-line condition monitoring of high voltage power cable.
文摘Introduction: As far as adult and married women were concerned, when they occurred to “unplanned pregnancy”, they felt so surprised and concussive all the time. Besides, the unplanned pregnancy also affects the other members in the family system. Therefore, when married women have to face the choice: “birth” or “abortion”, they’ll consider lots of thoughts and different decision criteria and decision pattern under various influences on physician, mind, mental and society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the criteria considered and the decision patterns involved when adult married women decide whether to terminate or continue an unplanned pregnancy. Methods: The study uses the method—“Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling” [1] to build model of the decision criteria and decision patterns involved when adult married women make a decision about their unplanned pregnancy. There are three process in the research method: “Pilot Study”—interview two groups, every group distinct 4 married adult women with unplanned pregnancies, which decide whether to terminate or continue an unplanned pregnancy, what is the items of decision characters affect to the choice: “birth” or “abortion”. “Building of the Model”, displays the importance in proper order of those items and build the modeling with these two groups of women. “Testing of the Model”: investigate the criteria considered and the decision patterns involved when adult married women decide whether to terminate or continue an unplanned pregnancy. The study interviewed 34 married adult women with 43 unplanned pregnancies totally. Results: The result of the study finds out 12 items of decision characters, including planning to get pregnant or not, stability of feelings for married partner, the points of view on life, was affected by mother, mother-in-law, an husband’s emphasis on male, the meanings of children, the financial burden, the plan an assignment of career and time, the past pregnant experiences, the status of raising children, the health of parents and fetus, the effect of living environment, and social and cultural vision. Besides, there are four decision patterns of married adult women with unplanned pregnancy are “receiving abortion positively”;“giving birth as long as getting pregnancy naturally”;“ the minds are hesitative and changeable”, and “being forced by important others.” Conclusion: By setting the decision model tree, we found several decision criteria and patterns, and possible modes actions to be taken, could offer to see the adult married women’s decision-making and struggles in mind about unplanned pregnancy.
文摘In the XML community, exact queries allow users to specify exactly what they want to check and/or retrieve in an XML document. When they are applied to a semi-structured document or to a document with an overly complex model, the lack or the ignorance of the explicit document model (DTD—Document Type Definition, Schema, etc.) increases the risk of obtaining an empty result set when the query is too specific, or, too large result set when it is too vague (e.g. it contains wildcards such as “*”). The reason is that in both cases, users write queries according to the document model they have in mind;this can be very far from the one that can actually be extracted from the document. Opposed to exact queries, preference queries are more flexible and can be relaxed to expand the search space during their evaluations. Indeed, during their evaluation, certain constraints (the preferences they contain) can be relaxed if necessary to avoid precisely empty results;moreover, the returned answers can be filtered to retain only the best ones. This paper presents an algorithm for evaluating such queries inspired by the TreeMatch algorithm proposed by Yao et al. for exact queries. In the proposed algorithm, the best answers are obtained by using an adaptation of the Skyline operator (defined in relational databases) in the context of documents (trees) to incrementally filter into the partial solutions set, those which satisfy the maximum of preferential constraints. The only restriction imposed on documents is No-Self-Containment.
文摘A recommender system is an approach performed by e-commerce for increasing smooth users’experience.Sequential pattern mining is a technique of data mining used to identify the co-occurrence relationships by taking into account the order of transactions.This work will present the implementation of sequence pattern mining for recommender systems within the domain of e-com-merce.This work will execute the Systolic tree algorithm for mining the frequent patterns to yield feasible rules for the recommender system.The feature selec-tion's objective is to pick a feature subset having the least feature similarity as well as highest relevancy with the target class.This will mitigate the feature vector's dimensionality by eliminating redundant,irrelevant,or noisy data.This work pre-sents a new hybrid recommender system based on optimized feature selection and systolic tree.The features were extracted using Term Frequency-Inverse Docu-ment Frequency(TF-IDF),feature selection with the utilization of River Forma-tion Dynamics(RFD),and the Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm.The systolic tree is used for pattern mining,and based on this,the recommendations are given.The proposed methods were evaluated using the MovieLens dataset,and the experimental outcomes confirmed the efficiency of the techniques.It was observed that the RFD feature selection with systolic tree frequent pattern mining with collaborativefiltering,the precision of 0.89 was achieved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32030095)the Key project at central government level:The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources(Grant No.2060302).
文摘Petal blotch is a prevalent pigmentation pattern observed in the Xibei tree peony(Paeonia rockii), possessing significant aesthetic value and playing a crucial role in the species' reproduction and fitness. Despite years of research, deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying blotch formation remains challenging. As is well known, floral pigmentation is frequently associated with the familiar R2R3-MYB transcription factors. The key MYB anthocyanin activators of P. rockii ‘Shu Sheng Peng Mo' were previously reported in our preceding study. In this study, we identified and characterized three R2R3-MYBs, Pr MYBi1, Pr MYBi2, and Pr MYBi3, which belong to subgroup 4(SG4) and play repressor roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. A quantitative real-time PCR(q RT-PCR) assay indicated that the expression of Pr MYBi1 and Pr MYBi3 gradually increased during flowering development and was substantially up-regulated in non-blotch compared to blotch. Yeast one-hybrid and dualluciferase assays demonstrated that Pr MYBi(1-3) directly target the anthocyanin structural genes and repress their transcription. The genetic transformation of tobacco demonstrated that the overexpression of Pr MYBi(1-3) decreased anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, with Pr MYBi1 serving as the most effective repressor. Our results revealed that SG4 R2R3-MYBs negatively regulate the anthocyanin pathway in P.rockii conservatively, and we provide the definite members. These findings will advance future research to unravel the mystery of blotch pattern formation.
文摘挖掘最大频繁项目集是多种数据挖掘应用中的关键问题,之前的很多研究都是采用Apriori类的候选项目集生成-检验方法.然而,候选项目集产生的代价是很高的,尤其是在存在大量强模式和/或长模式的时候.提出了一种快速的基于频繁模式树(FP-tree)的最大频繁项目集挖掘DMFIA(discover maximum frequent itemsets algorithm)及其更新算法UMFIA(update maximum frequent itemsets algorithm).算法UMFIA将充分利用以前的挖掘结果来减少在更新的数据库中发现新的最大频繁项目集的费用.
