In this article,a novel model-free coordinated optimal regulation design methodology is proposed for the rigidly connected dual permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)system via adaptive dynamic programming(ADP).Firs...In this article,a novel model-free coordinated optimal regulation design methodology is proposed for the rigidly connected dual permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)system via adaptive dynamic programming(ADP).First,we adopt the classical master-slave structure to maintain torque synchronization by virtue of field-oriented control.Then,a reducedorder model of the dual-PMSM system is established through the application of singular perturbation theory(SPT),which is of significance to decrease the learning time and computational complexity in the outer speed loop design.Afterwards,we design a coordinated adaptive optimal regulator in framework of ADP to drive the speed of girth gear asymptotic tracking the reference signal and accommodate the load torque disturbance,which is independent of the knowledge of model parameters of the system.According to SPT,we analyze the suboptimality,closed-loop stability,and robustness properties of the obtained controller under mild conditions.Finally,comprehensive experimental studies are provided to verify that the proposed control strategy can achieve the speed regulation and the torque synchronization,as well as ameliorate the transient response.展开更多
Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern bree...Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat deposition and increased occurrences of muscle abnor‑malities,impairing meat quality and processing functionality.Early stages of animal development set the long‑term growth trajectory of offspring.However,due to the seasonal reproductive cycles of ruminant livestock,gestational nutrient deficiencies caused by seasonal variations,frequent droughts,and unfavorable geological locations nega‑tively affect fetal development and their subsequent production efficiency and meat quality.Therefore,enrolling live‑stock in nutritional intervention strategies during gestation is effective for improving the body composition and meat quality of the offspring at harvest.These crucial early developmental stages include embryonic,fetal,and postnatal stages,which have stage‑specific effects on subsequent offspring development,body composition,and meat quality.This review summarizes contemporary research in the embryonic,fetal,and neonatal development,and the impacts of maternal nutrition on the early development and programming effects on the long‑term growth performance of livestock.Understanding the developmental and metabolic characteristics of skeletal muscle,adipose,and fibrotic tissues will facilitate the development of stage‑specific nutritional management strategies to optimize production efficiency and meat quality.展开更多
With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment pro...With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment programs, the root of homogenization, building game theory models between TV stations, TV station and audience to regulate and control the issue of homogeneity about entertainment programs.展开更多
背景:骨相关细胞程序性死亡与临床上常见的骨相关疾病(如骨质疏松、骨关节炎)密切相关,中药骨碎补总黄酮可用于调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡,并且具有多靶点调控、毒性低等特点。目的:综述中药骨碎补总黄酮调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡机制的...背景:骨相关细胞程序性死亡与临床上常见的骨相关疾病(如骨质疏松、骨关节炎)密切相关,中药骨碎补总黄酮可用于调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡,并且具有多靶点调控、毒性低等特点。目的:综述中药骨碎补总黄酮调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡机制的研究进展。方法:由第一作者在中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库和PubMed、Web of Science数据库进行检索,英文检索词为“total flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae,naringin,naringenin,luteolin,kaempferol,programmed cell death,bone,cell”,中文检索词为“骨碎补总黄酮,柚皮素,柚皮苷,木犀草素,山柰酚,程序性死亡,骨,细胞”。根据纳入与排除标准,最终纳入72篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:骨碎补总黄酮通过影响磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B、Wnt/β-catenin和沉默信息调节因子3/叉头蛋白O3a等多种信号通路和分子表达降低间充质干细胞、成骨细胞和软骨细胞的死亡率,提高破骨细胞死亡率,纠正骨稳态失衡及软骨退变,为骨相关疾病的治疗提供了新视角。未来可以整合不同组学及测序等技术,系统解析骨碎补总黄酮调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡的分子网络,探讨骨碎补总黄酮多靶点、多途径的治疗作用机制,为骨相关疾病的治疗提供全新思路与方法。展开更多
Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)is a significant immune checkpoint,and the dysfunction of this axis contributes to tumor metastasis and immune escape.PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal...Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)is a significant immune checkpoint,and the dysfunction of this axis contributes to tumor metastasis and immune escape.PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal network induces PD-1/PD-L1 expression and facilitates tumor progression.Transcriptional factors such as hypoxia induced factors,PTEN,p53,CDK5,BRD4,STAT modulate PD-1/PDL1 expression.PD-1/PD-L1 level is also regulated via epigenetic and post-translational manner.The underlying mechanisms mentioned above may provide potential targets for tumor treatment.At present,the combination therapy of PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies plus small molecular inhibitors has achieved good outcomes in tumor treatment.展开更多
This paper reviews recent developments in learning-based adaptive optimal output regulation that aims to solve the problem of adaptive and optimal asymptotic tracking with disturbance rejection.The proposed framework ...This paper reviews recent developments in learning-based adaptive optimal output regulation that aims to solve the problem of adaptive and optimal asymptotic tracking with disturbance rejection.The proposed framework aims to bring together two separate topics—output regulation and adaptive dynamic programming—that have been under extensive investigation due to their broad applications in modern control engineering.Under this framework,one can solve optimal output regulation problems of linear,partially linear,nonlinear,and multi-agent systems in a data-driven manner.We will also review some practical applications based on this framework,such as semi-autonomous vehicles,connected and autonomous vehicles,and nonlinear oscillators.展开更多
China is facing important challenges stemming from increasing rates of urbanization and aging population. To pursue its ＂harmonious society＂ objective without disrupting its path to development major overhauls are n...China is facing important challenges stemming from increasing rates of urbanization and aging population. To pursue its ＂harmonious society＂ objective without disrupting its path to development major overhauls are necessary in education, health, social security and above all in public services, particularly in electricity. China＇s electricity industry is at the crossroads. To meet the challenges, new models of regulation should be developed and applied. This paper examines the current state of the Chinese electricity industry and the burden it imposes on its public finances. It also reviews and critically examines the existing FIT （Europe） and RPS （USA） models of regulation and of promotion of renewable energies and advances on whether they are advantageous for China. It is argued that the electricity industry has already undergone important reforms but cross subsidies still exist, equivalent to 1.5% of China＇s GDP. Drastic rate rebalancing policies will create sustainability problems and a deterioration of China＇s public finances. To avoid such negative results, China has to further reform its electricity industry gradually and use wisely FIT-type programs to bring renewables into the grid and fulfill the Kyoto Protocol展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62073327,62403467,62373090,62273350,62521001)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20241635)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF)(GZB20240827)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2024ZB604)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M763545,2025T054ZGMK).
文摘In this article,a novel model-free coordinated optimal regulation design methodology is proposed for the rigidly connected dual permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)system via adaptive dynamic programming(ADP).First,we adopt the classical master-slave structure to maintain torque synchronization by virtue of field-oriented control.Then,a reducedorder model of the dual-PMSM system is established through the application of singular perturbation theory(SPT),which is of significance to decrease the learning time and computational complexity in the outer speed loop design.Afterwards,we design a coordinated adaptive optimal regulator in framework of ADP to drive the speed of girth gear asymptotic tracking the reference signal and accommodate the load torque disturbance,which is independent of the knowledge of model parameters of the system.According to SPT,we analyze the suboptimality,closed-loop stability,and robustness properties of the obtained controller under mild conditions.Finally,comprehensive experimental studies are provided to verify that the proposed control strategy can achieve the speed regulation and the torque synchronization,as well as ameliorate the transient response.
基金supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants(No.2015-67015-23219 and 2016-68006-24634)from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
文摘Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat deposition and increased occurrences of muscle abnor‑malities,impairing meat quality and processing functionality.Early stages of animal development set the long‑term growth trajectory of offspring.However,due to the seasonal reproductive cycles of ruminant livestock,gestational nutrient deficiencies caused by seasonal variations,frequent droughts,and unfavorable geological locations nega‑tively affect fetal development and their subsequent production efficiency and meat quality.Therefore,enrolling live‑stock in nutritional intervention strategies during gestation is effective for improving the body composition and meat quality of the offspring at harvest.These crucial early developmental stages include embryonic,fetal,and postnatal stages,which have stage‑specific effects on subsequent offspring development,body composition,and meat quality.This review summarizes contemporary research in the embryonic,fetal,and neonatal development,and the impacts of maternal nutrition on the early development and programming effects on the long‑term growth performance of livestock.Understanding the developmental and metabolic characteristics of skeletal muscle,adipose,and fibrotic tissues will facilitate the development of stage‑specific nutritional management strategies to optimize production efficiency and meat quality.
文摘With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment programs, the root of homogenization, building game theory models between TV stations, TV station and audience to regulate and control the issue of homogeneity about entertainment programs.
文摘背景:骨相关细胞程序性死亡与临床上常见的骨相关疾病(如骨质疏松、骨关节炎)密切相关,中药骨碎补总黄酮可用于调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡,并且具有多靶点调控、毒性低等特点。目的:综述中药骨碎补总黄酮调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡机制的研究进展。方法:由第一作者在中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库和PubMed、Web of Science数据库进行检索,英文检索词为“total flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae,naringin,naringenin,luteolin,kaempferol,programmed cell death,bone,cell”,中文检索词为“骨碎补总黄酮,柚皮素,柚皮苷,木犀草素,山柰酚,程序性死亡,骨,细胞”。根据纳入与排除标准,最终纳入72篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:骨碎补总黄酮通过影响磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B、Wnt/β-catenin和沉默信息调节因子3/叉头蛋白O3a等多种信号通路和分子表达降低间充质干细胞、成骨细胞和软骨细胞的死亡率,提高破骨细胞死亡率,纠正骨稳态失衡及软骨退变,为骨相关疾病的治疗提供了新视角。未来可以整合不同组学及测序等技术,系统解析骨碎补总黄酮调控骨相关细胞程序性死亡的分子网络,探讨骨碎补总黄酮多靶点、多途径的治疗作用机制,为骨相关疾病的治疗提供全新思路与方法。
文摘Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)is a significant immune checkpoint,and the dysfunction of this axis contributes to tumor metastasis and immune escape.PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal network induces PD-1/PD-L1 expression and facilitates tumor progression.Transcriptional factors such as hypoxia induced factors,PTEN,p53,CDK5,BRD4,STAT modulate PD-1/PDL1 expression.PD-1/PD-L1 level is also regulated via epigenetic and post-translational manner.The underlying mechanisms mentioned above may provide potential targets for tumor treatment.At present,the combination therapy of PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies plus small molecular inhibitors has achieved good outcomes in tumor treatment.
文摘This paper reviews recent developments in learning-based adaptive optimal output regulation that aims to solve the problem of adaptive and optimal asymptotic tracking with disturbance rejection.The proposed framework aims to bring together two separate topics—output regulation and adaptive dynamic programming—that have been under extensive investigation due to their broad applications in modern control engineering.Under this framework,one can solve optimal output regulation problems of linear,partially linear,nonlinear,and multi-agent systems in a data-driven manner.We will also review some practical applications based on this framework,such as semi-autonomous vehicles,connected and autonomous vehicles,and nonlinear oscillators.
文摘China is facing important challenges stemming from increasing rates of urbanization and aging population. To pursue its ＂harmonious society＂ objective without disrupting its path to development major overhauls are necessary in education, health, social security and above all in public services, particularly in electricity. China＇s electricity industry is at the crossroads. To meet the challenges, new models of regulation should be developed and applied. This paper examines the current state of the Chinese electricity industry and the burden it imposes on its public finances. It also reviews and critically examines the existing FIT （Europe） and RPS （USA） models of regulation and of promotion of renewable energies and advances on whether they are advantageous for China. It is argued that the electricity industry has already undergone important reforms but cross subsidies still exist, equivalent to 1.5% of China＇s GDP. Drastic rate rebalancing policies will create sustainability problems and a deterioration of China＇s public finances. To avoid such negative results, China has to further reform its electricity industry gradually and use wisely FIT-type programs to bring renewables into the grid and fulfill the Kyoto Protocol
