High harmonic generation(HHG)provides an experimental method for producing attosecond pulses and probing electron dynamics.Achieving precise dipole phase measurements is critical for tailoring the harmonic emission ph...High harmonic generation(HHG)provides an experimental method for producing attosecond pulses and probing electron dynamics.Achieving precise dipole phase measurements is critical for tailoring the harmonic emission phase and identifying the HHG mechanism.However,achieving this feature by applying traditional two-beam far-field interferometry to solid materials remains challenging.In this study,we present a novel interferometric approach that utilizes a single laser beam to excite two ZnO microwires(MWs)simultaneously,thereby generating coherent high-harmonic sources that form interference fringes in the far-field region.We leverage the diameter-dependent field-enhancement effect in MWs to measure the intensity-dependent fringe shift,revealing that the intraband current mechanism dominates the below-bandgap harmonic,whereas the interband polarization mechanism dominates the above-bandgap harmonic.This study offers a robust method for measuring the dipole phase of solid-state HHG and inspires intensity-modulated high-harmonic applications in coherent imaging and microdevice design.展开更多
As the number of electric vehicles(EVs)increases,massive numbers of EVs have started to gather in commercial parking lots to charge and discharge,which may significantly impact the operation of the grid.There may also...As the number of electric vehicles(EVs)increases,massive numbers of EVs have started to gather in commercial parking lots to charge and discharge,which may significantly impact the operation of the grid.There may also be a deviation in the departure time of charged and discharged EVs in commercial parking lots.This deviation can lead to insufficient battery energy when the EVs leave the parking lot.This study uses the simulation software AnyLogic to build a commercial parking lot multi-agent simulation model,and the agent-based model can fully reflect the autonomy of individual EVs.Based on this simulation model,we propose an EV scheduling algorithm.The algorithm contains two main agents.The first is the power distribution center agent(PDCA),which is used to coordinate the energy output of photovoltaic(PV),energy storage system(ESS),and distribution station(DS)to solve the problem of grid overload.The second is the scheduling center agent(SCA),which is used to solve the insufficient battery energy problem due to EVs’random departures.The SCA includes two stages.In the first stage,a priority scheduling algorithm is proposed to emphasize the fairness of EV charging.In the second stage,a genetic algorithm is used to accurately determine the time interval between charging and discharging to ensure the maximum benefit of EV owner.Finally,simulation experiments are conducted in AnyLogic,and the results demonstrate the superiority of the algorithm over the classical algorithm.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos.2023YFA1406801 and 2022YFA1604301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12434013,12595343,12404393,and 12174011)。
文摘High harmonic generation(HHG)provides an experimental method for producing attosecond pulses and probing electron dynamics.Achieving precise dipole phase measurements is critical for tailoring the harmonic emission phase and identifying the HHG mechanism.However,achieving this feature by applying traditional two-beam far-field interferometry to solid materials remains challenging.In this study,we present a novel interferometric approach that utilizes a single laser beam to excite two ZnO microwires(MWs)simultaneously,thereby generating coherent high-harmonic sources that form interference fringes in the far-field region.We leverage the diameter-dependent field-enhancement effect in MWs to measure the intensity-dependent fringe shift,revealing that the intraband current mechanism dominates the below-bandgap harmonic,whereas the interband polarization mechanism dominates the above-bandgap harmonic.This study offers a robust method for measuring the dipole phase of solid-state HHG and inspires intensity-modulated high-harmonic applications in coherent imaging and microdevice design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61873222)the Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2021GK2019)the Project of Hunan National Center for Applied Mathematics,China(No.2020ZYT003).
文摘As the number of electric vehicles(EVs)increases,massive numbers of EVs have started to gather in commercial parking lots to charge and discharge,which may significantly impact the operation of the grid.There may also be a deviation in the departure time of charged and discharged EVs in commercial parking lots.This deviation can lead to insufficient battery energy when the EVs leave the parking lot.This study uses the simulation software AnyLogic to build a commercial parking lot multi-agent simulation model,and the agent-based model can fully reflect the autonomy of individual EVs.Based on this simulation model,we propose an EV scheduling algorithm.The algorithm contains two main agents.The first is the power distribution center agent(PDCA),which is used to coordinate the energy output of photovoltaic(PV),energy storage system(ESS),and distribution station(DS)to solve the problem of grid overload.The second is the scheduling center agent(SCA),which is used to solve the insufficient battery energy problem due to EVs’random departures.The SCA includes two stages.In the first stage,a priority scheduling algorithm is proposed to emphasize the fairness of EV charging.In the second stage,a genetic algorithm is used to accurately determine the time interval between charging and discharging to ensure the maximum benefit of EV owner.Finally,simulation experiments are conducted in AnyLogic,and the results demonstrate the superiority of the algorithm over the classical algorithm.
