Large language model-based agent systems are emerging as transformative technologies in chemical process simulation, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making. By automating data analysis across structured a...Large language model-based agent systems are emerging as transformative technologies in chemical process simulation, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making. By automating data analysis across structured and unstructured sources—including process parameters, experimental results, simulation data, and textual specifications—these systems address longstanding challenges such as manual parameter tuning, subjective expert reliance, and the gap between theoretical models and industrial application. This paper reviews the key barriers to broader adoption of large language model-based agent systems, including unstable software interfaces, limited dynamic modeling accuracy, and difficulties in multimodal data integration, which hinder scalable deployment. We then survey recent progress in domain-specific foundation models, model interpretability techniques, and industrial-grade validation platforms. Building on these insights, we propose a technical framework centered on three pillars: multimodal task perception, autonomous planning, and knowledge-driven iterative optimization. This framework supports adaptive reasoning and robust execution in complex simulation environments. Finally, we outline a next-generation intelligent paradigm where natural language-driven agent workflows unify high-level strategic intent with automated task execution. The paper concludes by identifying future research directions to enhance robustness, adaptability, and safety, paving the way for practical integration of large language model based agent systems into industrial-scale chemical process simulation.展开更多
Over the past century,advancements in chemistry have significantly propelled human innovation,enhancing both industrial and consumer products.However,this rapid progression has resulted in chemical pollution increasin...Over the past century,advancements in chemistry have significantly propelled human innovation,enhancing both industrial and consumer products.However,this rapid progression has resulted in chemical pollution increasingly surpassing planetary boundaries,as production and release rates have outpaced our monitoring capabilities.To catalyze more impactful efforts,this study transitions from traditional chemical assessment to inverse chemical design,introducing a generative graph latent diffusion model aimed at discovering safer alternatives.In a case study on the design of green solvents for cyclohexane/benzene extraction distillation,we constructed a design database encompassing functional,environmental hazards,and process constraints.Virtual screening of previous design dataset revealed distinct trade-off trends between these design requirements.Based on the screening outcomes,an unconstrained generative model was developed,which covered a broader chemical space and demonstrated superior capabilities for structural interpolation and extrapolation.To further optimize molecular generation towards desired properties,a multi-objective latent diffusion method was applied,yielding 19 candidate molecules.Of these,7 were identified in PubChem as the most viable green solvent candidates,while the remaining 12 as potential novel candidates.Overall,this study effectively designed green solvent candidates for safer and more sustainable industrial production,setting a promising precedent for the development of environmentally friendly alternatives in other areas of chemical research.展开更多
The global rise in energy demand, particularly in remote and sparsely populated regions, necessitates innovative and cost-effective electrical distribution solutions. Traditional Rural Electrification (RE) methods, li...The global rise in energy demand, particularly in remote and sparsely populated regions, necessitates innovative and cost-effective electrical distribution solutions. Traditional Rural Electrification (RE) methods, like Conventional Rural Electrification (CRE), have proven economically unfeasible in such areas due to high infrastructure costs and low electricity demand. Consequently, Unconventional Rural Electrification (URE) technologies, such as Capacitor Coupled Substations (CCS), are gaining attention as viable alternatives. This study presents the design and simulation of an 80 kW CCS system, which taps power directly from a 132 kV transmission line to supply low-voltage consumers. The critical components of the CCS, the capacitors are calculated, then a MATLAB/Simulink model with the attained results is executed. Mathematical representation and state-space representation for maintaining the desired tapped voltage area also developed. The research further explores the feasibility and operational performance of this CCS configuration, aiming to address the challenges of rural electrification by offering a sustainable and scalable solution. The results show that the desired value of the tapped voltage can be achieved at any level of High Voltage (HV) with the selection of capacitors that are correctly rated. With an adequately designed control strategy, the research also shows that tapped voltage can be attained under both steady-state and dynamic loads. By leveraging CCS technology, the study demonstrates the potential for delivering reliable electricity to underserved areas, highlighting the system’s practicality and effectiveness in overcoming the limitations of conventional distribution methods.展开更多
Addressing limitations such as the lack of immersion and difficulties in comprehensively evaluating design schemes in traditional teaching models of environmental design courses,this study explores teaching reforms us...Addressing limitations such as the lack of immersion and difficulties in comprehensively evaluating design schemes in traditional teaching models of environmental design courses,this study explores teaching reforms using virtual simulation technology.An immersive virtual teaching environment was constructed,integrating virtual simulation technology gradually into the teaching process,with practical teaching cases used to assess the effectiveness of these reforms.Results demonstrate that virtual simulation technology significantly enhances students’spatial understanding and design expression abilities,while also improving teaching interactivity and student engagement.This reform aligns with the trend towards digital design,offering innovative ideas and methodologies for teaching environmental design courses.展开更多
With the continuous improvement of signal processing accuracy requirements in modern electronic systems,the demand for high-precision analog-to-digital converters(ADCs)is increasing.Sigma-Delta modulator,as the most i...With the continuous improvement of signal processing accuracy requirements in modern electronic systems,the demand for high-precision analog-to-digital converters(ADCs)is increasing.Sigma-Delta modulator,as the most important component of high-precision ADC,is widely used in high-quality audio,high-precision instrument measurement,and other fields due to its advantages of high precision,strong noise resistance,and low hardware cost.This article designs a discrete structure third-order four-bit high-precision Sigma-Delta modulator through modeling,with an oversampling rate set to 512.Under ideal conditions,the simulation results show that the SDNR reaches 152.7db and the ENOB is 25.24bits.After introducing non-ideal noise,the system performance has decreased.The simulation results show that the SDNR is as high as 124.5db and the ENOB is 20.39bits.This indicates that the design can achieve high-precision conversion and provide assistance for further research in the future.展开更多
The design and analysis of continuum robots have consistently been a prominent research focus in the field of mechanics.However,portable continuum robots with minimal spatial occupancy,which have great potential for a...The design and analysis of continuum robots have consistently been a prominent research focus in the field of mechanics.However,portable continuum robots with minimal spatial occupancy,which have great potential for applications such as search and rescue,are scarcely available.This paper presents a novel helical-coiled multi-segment flexible continuum robot featuring helical deployment and compact design,with an integrated framework for structural design,kinematic modeling,and experimental validation.The design of the helical-coiled multi-segment flexible continuum robot for unstructured environment detection,including a flexible body,an actuation module,a feed module,and a sensing module,is presented systematically.Kinematic models of both single-and multisegment continuum robots were established based on the constant curvature model to analyze the parameter mapping relationship from the end-effector position and orientation to the driving inputs.Furthermore,the feedforward motion of the robot was examined,and an uncoiling strategy based on S-curve compensation was employed to complete the kinematic analysis.Finally,the accuracy of the kinematic model considering the active uncoiling feed motion was validated through experimental analysis,demonstrating the motion characteristics of the continuum robot.Altogether,this study provides a framework for the design and analysis of helical-coiled continuum robots.展开更多
To capture the nonlinear dynamics and gain evolution in chirped pulse amplification(CPA)systems,the split-step Fourier method and the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method are integrated to iteratively address the generali...To capture the nonlinear dynamics and gain evolution in chirped pulse amplification(CPA)systems,the split-step Fourier method and the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method are integrated to iteratively address the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the rate equations.However,this approach is burdened by substantial computational demands,resulting in significant time expenditures.In the context of intelligent laser optimization and inverse design,the necessity for numerous simulations further exacerbates this issue,highlighting the need for fast and accurate simulation methodologies.Here,we introduce an end-to-end model augmented with active learning(E2E-AL)with decent generalization through different dedicated embedding methods over various parameters.On an identical computational platform,the artificial intelligence–driven model is 2000 times faster than the conventional simulation method.Benefiting from the active learning strategy,the E2E-AL model achieves decent precision with only two-thirds of the training samples compared with the case without such a strategy.Furthermore,we demonstrate a multi-objective inverse design of the CPA systems enabled by the E2E-AL model.The E2E-AL framework manifests the potential of becoming a standard approach for the rapid and accurate modeling of ultrafast lasers and is readily extended to simulate other complex systems.展开更多
Accurate vector extraction from design drawings is required first to automatically create 3D models from pixel-level engineering design drawings. However, this task faces the challenges of complicated design shapes as...Accurate vector extraction from design drawings is required first to automatically create 3D models from pixel-level engineering design drawings. However, this task faces the challenges of complicated design shapes as well as cumbersome and cluttered annotations on drawings, which interfere with the vector extraction heavily. In this article, the transmission tower containing the most complex structure is taken as the research object, and a semantic segmentation network is constructed to first segment the shape masks from the pixel-level drawings. Preprocessing and postprocessing are also proposed to ensure the stability and accuracy of the shape mask segmentation. Then, based on the obtained shape masks, a vector extraction network guided by heatmaps is designed to extract structural vectors by fusing the features from node heatmap and skeleton heatmap, respectively. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, experiment results illustrate that the proposed semantic segmentation method can effectively eliminate the interference of many elements on drawings to segment the shape masks effectively, meanwhile, the model trained by the proposed vector extraction network can accurately extract the vectors such as nodes and line connections, avoiding redundant vector detection. The proposed method lays a solid foundation for automatic 3D model reconstruction and contributes to technological advancements in relevant fields.展开更多
Reconstruction of a traumatic distal femur defect remains a therapeutic challenge.Bone defect implants have been proposed to substitute the bone defect,and their biomechanical performances can be analyzed via a numeri...Reconstruction of a traumatic distal femur defect remains a therapeutic challenge.Bone defect implants have been proposed to substitute the bone defect,and their biomechanical performances can be analyzed via a numerical approach.However,the material assumptions for past computational human femur simulations were mainly homogeneous.Thus,this study aimed to design and analyze scaffolds for reconstructing the distal femur defect using a patient-specific finite element modeling technique.A three-dimensional finite element model of the human femur with accurate geometry and material distribution was developed using the finite element method and material mapping technique.An intact femur and a distal femur defect model treated with nine microstructure scaffolds and two solid scaffolds were investigated and compared under a single-leg stance loading.The results showed that the metal solid scaffold design could provide the most stable fixation for reconstructing the distal femur defect.However,the fixation stability was affected by various microstructure designs and pillar diameters.A microstructure scaffold can be designed to satisfy all the biomechanical indexes,opening up future possibilities for more stable reconstructions.A three-dimensional finite element model of the femur with real bone geometry and bone material distribution can be developed,and this patient-specific femur model can be used for studying other femoral fractures or injuries,paving the way for more comprehensive research in the field.Besides,this patient-specific finite element modeling technique can also be applied to developing other human or animal bone models,expanding the scope of biomechanical research.展开更多
Model-based system-of-systems(SOS)engineering(MBSoSE)is becoming a promising solution for the design of SoS with increasing complexity.However,bridging the models from the design phase to the simulation phase poses si...Model-based system-of-systems(SOS)engineering(MBSoSE)is becoming a promising solution for the design of SoS with increasing complexity.However,bridging the models from the design phase to the simulation phase poses significant challenges and requires an integrated approach.In this study,a unified requirement modeling approach is proposed based on unified architecture framework(UAF).Theoretical models are proposed which compose formalized descriptions from both topdown and bottom-up perspectives.Based on the description,the UAF profile is proposed to represent the SoS mission and constituent systems(CS)goal.Moreover,the agent-based simulation information is also described based on the overview,design concepts,and details(ODD)protocol as the complement part of the SoS profile,which can be transformed into different simulation platforms based on the eXtensible markup language(XML)technology and model-to-text method.In this way,the design of the SoS is simulated automatically in the early design stage.Finally,the method is implemented and an example is given to illustrate the whole process.展开更多
The diversity and complexity of the user population on the campus network increase the risk of computer virus infection during terminal information interactions.Therefore,it is crucial to explore how computer viruses ...The diversity and complexity of the user population on the campus network increase the risk of computer virus infection during terminal information interactions.Therefore,it is crucial to explore how computer viruses propagate between terminals in such a network.In this study,we establish a novel computer virus spreading model based on the characteristics of the basic network structure and a classical epidemic-spreading dynamics model,adapted to real-world university scenarios.The proposed model contains six groups:susceptible,unisolated latent,isolated latent,infection,recovery,and crash.We analyze the proposed model's basic reproduction number and disease-free equilibrium point.Using real-world university terminal computer virus propagation data,a basic computer virus infection rate,a basic computer virus removal rate,and a security protection strategy deployment rate are proposed to define the conversion probability of each group and perceive each group's variation tendency.Furthermore,we analyze the spreading trend of computer viruses in the campus network in terms of the proposed computer virus spreading model.We propose specific measures to suppress the spread of computer viruses in terminals,ensuring the safe and stable operation of the campus network terminals to the greatest extent.展开更多
The Drag-Free and Attitude Control System(DFACS)is a critical platform for various space missions,including high precision satellite navigation,geoscience and gravity field measurement,and space scientific experiments...The Drag-Free and Attitude Control System(DFACS)is a critical platform for various space missions,including high precision satellite navigation,geoscience and gravity field measurement,and space scientific experiments.This paper presents a comprehensive review of over sixty years of research on the design and dynamics model of DFACS.Firstly,we examine the open literature on DFACS and its applications in Drag-Free missions,providing readers with necessary background information on the field.Secondly,we analyze the system configurations and main characteristics of different DFACSs,paying particular attention to the coupling mechanism between the system configuration and dynamics model.Thirdly,we summarize the dynamics modeling methods and main dynamics models of DFACS from multiple perspectives,including common fundamentals and specific applications.Lastly,we identify current challenges and technological difficulties in the system design and dynamics modeling of DFACS,while suggesting potential avenues for future research.This paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the state-of-the-art in DFACS research,as well as the future prospects and challenges in this field.展开更多
The development of new engineering alloy chemistries and heat treatments is a time-consuming and iterative process.Here,a hybrid approach of the high-throughput precipitation simulations and decisive experiments is de...The development of new engineering alloy chemistries and heat treatments is a time-consuming and iterative process.Here,a hybrid approach of the high-throughput precipitation simulations and decisive experiments is developed to optimize the composition and manipulate the microstructure of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys to achieve the expected yield strength and elongation.For that purpose,a multi-class Kampmann-Wagner numerical(KWN)framework is established and the contributions to precipitation kinetics and strength from primary phases and precipitates formed before age hardening are introduced for the first time.The composition/process-structure-property relationship of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is pre-sented and discussed in detail.Coupled with thermodynamic calculations,two concentration-optimized Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with expected high yield strength and long elongation are designed,prepared,and characterized.The excellent strength and elongation of the designed alloys and the good agreement between the measured and model-predicted mechanical properties for these two alloys underscores the remarkable predictive power of the presently developed material design strategy.This work establishes a novel material design strategy for rapidly exploring the compositional space and investigating the effects of composition and heat treatment on the microstructure and performance of ultrahigh strength Al alloys and other materials.展开更多
High-bandwidth nano-positioning stages(NPSs)have boosted the advancement of modern ultra-precise,ultra-fast measurement and manufacturing technologies owing to their fast dynamic response,high stiffness and nanoscale ...High-bandwidth nano-positioning stages(NPSs)have boosted the advancement of modern ultra-precise,ultra-fast measurement and manufacturing technologies owing to their fast dynamic response,high stiffness and nanoscale resolution.However,the nonlinear actuation,lightly damped resonance and multi-axis cross-coupling effect bring significant challenges to the design,modeling and control of high-bandwidth NPSs.Consequently,numerous advanced works have been reported over the past decades to address these challenges.Here,this article provides a comprehensive review of high-bandwidth NPSs,which covers four representative aspects including mechanical design,system modeling,parameters optimization and high-bandwidth motion control.Besides,representative high-bandwidth NPSs applied to atomic force microscope and fast tool servo are highlighted.By providing an extensive overview of the design procedure for high-bandwidth NPSs,this review aims to offer a systemic solution for achieving operation with high speed,high accuracy and high resolution.Furthermore,remaining difficulties along with future developments in this fields are concluded and discussed.展开更多
Dominant technology formation is the key for the hightech industry to“cross the chasm”and gain an established foothold in the market(and hence disrupt the regime).Therefore,a stimulus-response model is proposed to i...Dominant technology formation is the key for the hightech industry to“cross the chasm”and gain an established foothold in the market(and hence disrupt the regime).Therefore,a stimulus-response model is proposed to investigate the dominant technology by exploring its formation process and mechanism.Specifically,based on complex adaptive system theory and the basic stimulus-response model,we use a combination of agent-based modeling and system dynamics modeling to capture the interactions between dominant technology and the socio-technical landscape.The results indicate the following:(i)The dynamic interaction is“stimulus-reaction-selection”,which promotes the dominant technology’s formation.(ii)The dominant technology’s formation can be described as a dynamic process in which the adaptation intensity of technology standards increases continuously until it becomes the leading technology under the dual action of internal and external mechanisms.(iii)The dominant technology’s formation in the high-tech industry is influenced by learning ability,the number of adopting users and adaptability.Therein,a“critical scale”of learning ability exists to promote the formation of leading technology:a large number of adopting users can promote the dominant technology’s formation by influencing the adaptive response of technology standards to the socio-technical landscape and the choice of technology standards by the socio-technical landscape.There is a minimum threshold and a maximum threshold for the role of adaptability in the dominant technology’s formation.(iv)The socio-technical landscape can promote the leading technology’s shaping in the high-tech industry,and different elements have different effects.This study promotes research on the formation mechanism of dominant technology in the high-tech industry,presents new perspectives and methods for researchers,and provides essential enlightenment for managers to formulate technology strategies.展开更多
Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable...Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.展开更多
The design work of motional cable in products is vital due to the difficulty in estimating the potential issues in current researches.In this paper,a physics-based modeling and simulation method for the motional cable...The design work of motional cable in products is vital due to the difficulty in estimating the potential issues in current researches.In this paper,a physics-based modeling and simulation method for the motional cable harness design is presented.The model,based on continuum mechanics,is established by analyzing the force of microelement in equilibrium.During the analysis procedure,three coordinate systems：inertial,Frenet and main-axis coordinate systems are used.By variable substitution and dimensionless processing,the equation set is discretized by differential quadrature method and subsequently becomes an overdetermined nonlinear equation set with boundary conditions solved by Levenberg-Marquardt method.With the profile of motional cable harness obtained from the integral of arithmetic solution,a motion simulation system based on＂path＂and＂profile＂as well as the experimental equipments is built.Using the same parameters as input for the simulation and the real cable harness correspondingly,the issue in designing,such as collision,can be easily found by the simulation system.This research obtains a better result which has no potential collisions by redesign,and the proposed method can be used as an accurate and efficient way in motional cable harness design work.展开更多
Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system. Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users, machines and environment of the manufacturing s...Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system. Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users, machines and environment of the manufacturing system is extremely complex and generally requires modeling of physically handicapped interaction with the system. Most current modeling either concentrates on the task results or functional disability. The integration of physical constraints with task constraints is far more complex because of functional disability and its extended influence on adjacent body parts. A framework is proposed to integrate the two constraints and thus model the specific behavior of the physical handicapped in virtual environment generated by product specifications. Within the framework a simplified model of physical disabled body is constructed, and body motion is generated based on 3 levels of constraints（effecter constraints, kinematics constraints and physical constraints）. The kinematics and dynamic calculations are made and optimized based on the weighting manipulated by the kinematics constraints and dynamic constraints. With object transferring task as example, the model is validated in Jack 6.0. Modelled task motion elements except for squatting and overreaching well matched with captured motion elements. The proposed modeling method can model the complex behavior of the physically handicapped by integrating both task and physical disability constraints.展开更多
Although the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been increasingly applied in consumer electronics, electric vehicles,and smart grid, they still face great challenges from the continuously improving requirements of energ...Although the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been increasingly applied in consumer electronics, electric vehicles,and smart grid, they still face great challenges from the continuously improving requirements of energy density, power density, service life, and safety. To solve these issues, various studies have been conducted surrounding the battery design and management methods in recent decades. In the hope of providing some inspirations to the research in this field, the state of the art of design and management methods for LIBs are reviewed here from the perspective of process systems engineering. First, different types of battery models are summarized extensively, including electrical model and multi-physics coupled model, and the parameter identification methods are introduced correspondingly. Next, the model based battery design methods are reviewed briefly on three different scales, namely, electrode scale, cell scale, and pack scale. Then, the battery model based battery management methods, especially the state estimation methods with different model types are thoroughly compared. The key science and technology challenges for the development of battery systems engineering are clarified finally.展开更多
The advantages of a flat-panel X-ray source(FPXS)make it a promising candidate for imaging applications.Accurate imaging-system modeling and projection simulation are critical for analyzing imaging performance and res...The advantages of a flat-panel X-ray source(FPXS)make it a promising candidate for imaging applications.Accurate imaging-system modeling and projection simulation are critical for analyzing imaging performance and resolving overlapping projection issues in FPXS.The conventional analytical ray-tracing approach is limited by the number of patterns and is not applicable to FPXS-projection calculations.However,the computation time of Monte Carlo(MC)simulation is independent of the size of the patterned arrays in FPXS.This study proposes two high-efficiency MC projection simulators for FPXS:a graphics processing unit(GPU)-based phase-space sampling MC(gPSMC)simulator and GPU-based fluence sampling MC(gFSMC)simulator.The two simulators comprise three components:imaging-system modeling,photon initialization,and physical-interaction simulations in the phantom.Imaging-system modeling was performed by modeling the FPXS,imaging geometry,and detector.The gPSMC simulator samples the initial photons from the phase space,whereas the gFSMC simulator performs photon initialization from the calculated energy spectrum and fluence map.The entire process of photon interaction with the geometry and arrival at the detector was simulated in parallel using multiple GPU kernels,and projections based on the two simulators were calculated.The accuracies of the two simulators were evaluated by comparing them with the conventional analytical ray-tracing approach and acquired projections,and the efficiencies were evaluated by comparing the computation time.The results of simulated and realistic experiments illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed gPSMC and gFSMC simulators in the projection calculation of various phantoms.展开更多
文摘Large language model-based agent systems are emerging as transformative technologies in chemical process simulation, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making. By automating data analysis across structured and unstructured sources—including process parameters, experimental results, simulation data, and textual specifications—these systems address longstanding challenges such as manual parameter tuning, subjective expert reliance, and the gap between theoretical models and industrial application. This paper reviews the key barriers to broader adoption of large language model-based agent systems, including unstable software interfaces, limited dynamic modeling accuracy, and difficulties in multimodal data integration, which hinder scalable deployment. We then survey recent progress in domain-specific foundation models, model interpretability techniques, and industrial-grade validation platforms. Building on these insights, we propose a technical framework centered on three pillars: multimodal task perception, autonomous planning, and knowledge-driven iterative optimization. This framework supports adaptive reasoning and robust execution in complex simulation environments. Finally, we outline a next-generation intelligent paradigm where natural language-driven agent workflows unify high-level strategic intent with automated task execution. The paper concludes by identifying future research directions to enhance robustness, adaptability, and safety, paving the way for practical integration of large language model based agent systems into industrial-scale chemical process simulation.
基金supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project(No.21DZ1201502)Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment(Shanghai Environ-mental Science[2023]No.40)+1 种基金the Interdisciplinary Joint Research Project of Tongji University(No.2022-4-YB-12)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project(No.22DZ2200200).
文摘Over the past century,advancements in chemistry have significantly propelled human innovation,enhancing both industrial and consumer products.However,this rapid progression has resulted in chemical pollution increasingly surpassing planetary boundaries,as production and release rates have outpaced our monitoring capabilities.To catalyze more impactful efforts,this study transitions from traditional chemical assessment to inverse chemical design,introducing a generative graph latent diffusion model aimed at discovering safer alternatives.In a case study on the design of green solvents for cyclohexane/benzene extraction distillation,we constructed a design database encompassing functional,environmental hazards,and process constraints.Virtual screening of previous design dataset revealed distinct trade-off trends between these design requirements.Based on the screening outcomes,an unconstrained generative model was developed,which covered a broader chemical space and demonstrated superior capabilities for structural interpolation and extrapolation.To further optimize molecular generation towards desired properties,a multi-objective latent diffusion method was applied,yielding 19 candidate molecules.Of these,7 were identified in PubChem as the most viable green solvent candidates,while the remaining 12 as potential novel candidates.Overall,this study effectively designed green solvent candidates for safer and more sustainable industrial production,setting a promising precedent for the development of environmentally friendly alternatives in other areas of chemical research.
文摘The global rise in energy demand, particularly in remote and sparsely populated regions, necessitates innovative and cost-effective electrical distribution solutions. Traditional Rural Electrification (RE) methods, like Conventional Rural Electrification (CRE), have proven economically unfeasible in such areas due to high infrastructure costs and low electricity demand. Consequently, Unconventional Rural Electrification (URE) technologies, such as Capacitor Coupled Substations (CCS), are gaining attention as viable alternatives. This study presents the design and simulation of an 80 kW CCS system, which taps power directly from a 132 kV transmission line to supply low-voltage consumers. The critical components of the CCS, the capacitors are calculated, then a MATLAB/Simulink model with the attained results is executed. Mathematical representation and state-space representation for maintaining the desired tapped voltage area also developed. The research further explores the feasibility and operational performance of this CCS configuration, aiming to address the challenges of rural electrification by offering a sustainable and scalable solution. The results show that the desired value of the tapped voltage can be achieved at any level of High Voltage (HV) with the selection of capacitors that are correctly rated. With an adequately designed control strategy, the research also shows that tapped voltage can be attained under both steady-state and dynamic loads. By leveraging CCS technology, the study demonstrates the potential for delivering reliable electricity to underserved areas, highlighting the system’s practicality and effectiveness in overcoming the limitations of conventional distribution methods.
基金The 2024 National Social Science Fund West Project“Research on Cultural Inheritance and Digital Protection of Rural Settlements in Southwest China”(24XSH012)The 2024 Provincial Undergraduate University Innovative Experimental Project“Innovative Design Experimental Teaching Project under Digital Twin 3D Visualization Platform”The 2025 Sichuan University Artificial Intelligence Empowered Innovative Experimental Technology Research Project“Research on the Upgrade of VR-based Exhibition Space Free Construction and Dual-user Interactive Virtual Simulation Experimental Platform”(SCU2025009)。
文摘Addressing limitations such as the lack of immersion and difficulties in comprehensively evaluating design schemes in traditional teaching models of environmental design courses,this study explores teaching reforms using virtual simulation technology.An immersive virtual teaching environment was constructed,integrating virtual simulation technology gradually into the teaching process,with practical teaching cases used to assess the effectiveness of these reforms.Results demonstrate that virtual simulation technology significantly enhances students’spatial understanding and design expression abilities,while also improving teaching interactivity and student engagement.This reform aligns with the trend towards digital design,offering innovative ideas and methodologies for teaching environmental design courses.
文摘With the continuous improvement of signal processing accuracy requirements in modern electronic systems,the demand for high-precision analog-to-digital converters(ADCs)is increasing.Sigma-Delta modulator,as the most important component of high-precision ADC,is widely used in high-quality audio,high-precision instrument measurement,and other fields due to its advantages of high precision,strong noise resistance,and low hardware cost.This article designs a discrete structure third-order four-bit high-precision Sigma-Delta modulator through modeling,with an oversampling rate set to 512.Under ideal conditions,the simulation results show that the SDNR reaches 152.7db and the ENOB is 25.24bits.After introducing non-ideal noise,the system performance has decreased.The simulation results show that the SDNR is as high as 124.5db and the ENOB is 20.39bits.This indicates that the design can achieve high-precision conversion and provide assistance for further research in the future.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52305003,52175019)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFD2001100)+2 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.L222038)Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project(Grant No.20240484699)Project“Vice President of Science and Technology”of Changping District of Beijing.
文摘The design and analysis of continuum robots have consistently been a prominent research focus in the field of mechanics.However,portable continuum robots with minimal spatial occupancy,which have great potential for applications such as search and rescue,are scarcely available.This paper presents a novel helical-coiled multi-segment flexible continuum robot featuring helical deployment and compact design,with an integrated framework for structural design,kinematic modeling,and experimental validation.The design of the helical-coiled multi-segment flexible continuum robot for unstructured environment detection,including a flexible body,an actuation module,a feed module,and a sensing module,is presented systematically.Kinematic models of both single-and multisegment continuum robots were established based on the constant curvature model to analyze the parameter mapping relationship from the end-effector position and orientation to the driving inputs.Furthermore,the feedforward motion of the robot was examined,and an uncoiling strategy based on S-curve compensation was employed to complete the kinematic analysis.Finally,the accuracy of the kinematic model considering the active uncoiling feed motion was validated through experimental analysis,demonstrating the motion characteristics of the continuum robot.Altogether,this study provides a framework for the design and analysis of helical-coiled continuum robots.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62227821,62025503,and 62205199).
文摘To capture the nonlinear dynamics and gain evolution in chirped pulse amplification(CPA)systems,the split-step Fourier method and the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method are integrated to iteratively address the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the rate equations.However,this approach is burdened by substantial computational demands,resulting in significant time expenditures.In the context of intelligent laser optimization and inverse design,the necessity for numerous simulations further exacerbates this issue,highlighting the need for fast and accurate simulation methodologies.Here,we introduce an end-to-end model augmented with active learning(E2E-AL)with decent generalization through different dedicated embedding methods over various parameters.On an identical computational platform,the artificial intelligence–driven model is 2000 times faster than the conventional simulation method.Benefiting from the active learning strategy,the E2E-AL model achieves decent precision with only two-thirds of the training samples compared with the case without such a strategy.Furthermore,we demonstrate a multi-objective inverse design of the CPA systems enabled by the E2E-AL model.The E2E-AL framework manifests the potential of becoming a standard approach for the rapid and accurate modeling of ultrafast lasers and is readily extended to simulate other complex systems.
基金funded by the Chinese State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Science and Technology Project Funding,Grant Number J2023031.
文摘Accurate vector extraction from design drawings is required first to automatically create 3D models from pixel-level engineering design drawings. However, this task faces the challenges of complicated design shapes as well as cumbersome and cluttered annotations on drawings, which interfere with the vector extraction heavily. In this article, the transmission tower containing the most complex structure is taken as the research object, and a semantic segmentation network is constructed to first segment the shape masks from the pixel-level drawings. Preprocessing and postprocessing are also proposed to ensure the stability and accuracy of the shape mask segmentation. Then, based on the obtained shape masks, a vector extraction network guided by heatmaps is designed to extract structural vectors by fusing the features from node heatmap and skeleton heatmap, respectively. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, experiment results illustrate that the proposed semantic segmentation method can effectively eliminate the interference of many elements on drawings to segment the shape masks effectively, meanwhile, the model trained by the proposed vector extraction network can accurately extract the vectors such as nodes and line connections, avoiding redundant vector detection. The proposed method lays a solid foundation for automatic 3D model reconstruction and contributes to technological advancements in relevant fields.
基金funded by the TaipeiMedical University-National Taiwan University of Science and Technology joint research program under Grant No.TMU-NTUST-109-09.
文摘Reconstruction of a traumatic distal femur defect remains a therapeutic challenge.Bone defect implants have been proposed to substitute the bone defect,and their biomechanical performances can be analyzed via a numerical approach.However,the material assumptions for past computational human femur simulations were mainly homogeneous.Thus,this study aimed to design and analyze scaffolds for reconstructing the distal femur defect using a patient-specific finite element modeling technique.A three-dimensional finite element model of the human femur with accurate geometry and material distribution was developed using the finite element method and material mapping technique.An intact femur and a distal femur defect model treated with nine microstructure scaffolds and two solid scaffolds were investigated and compared under a single-leg stance loading.The results showed that the metal solid scaffold design could provide the most stable fixation for reconstructing the distal femur defect.However,the fixation stability was affected by various microstructure designs and pillar diameters.A microstructure scaffold can be designed to satisfy all the biomechanical indexes,opening up future possibilities for more stable reconstructions.A three-dimensional finite element model of the femur with real bone geometry and bone material distribution can be developed,and this patient-specific femur model can be used for studying other femoral fractures or injuries,paving the way for more comprehensive research in the field.Besides,this patient-specific finite element modeling technique can also be applied to developing other human or animal bone models,expanding the scope of biomechanical research.
基金Fifth Electronic Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(HK07202200877)Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA(D020101)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(2022C01052)Frontier Scientific Research Program of Deep Space Exploration Laboratory(2022-QYKYJHHXYF-018,2022-QYKYJH-GCXD-001)Zhiyuan Laboratory(ZYL2024001)。
文摘Model-based system-of-systems(SOS)engineering(MBSoSE)is becoming a promising solution for the design of SoS with increasing complexity.However,bridging the models from the design phase to the simulation phase poses significant challenges and requires an integrated approach.In this study,a unified requirement modeling approach is proposed based on unified architecture framework(UAF).Theoretical models are proposed which compose formalized descriptions from both topdown and bottom-up perspectives.Based on the description,the UAF profile is proposed to represent the SoS mission and constituent systems(CS)goal.Moreover,the agent-based simulation information is also described based on the overview,design concepts,and details(ODD)protocol as the complement part of the SoS profile,which can be transformed into different simulation platforms based on the eXtensible markup language(XML)technology and model-to-text method.In this way,the design of the SoS is simulated automatically in the early design stage.Finally,the method is implemented and an example is given to illustrate the whole process.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62266030 and 61863025)。
文摘The diversity and complexity of the user population on the campus network increase the risk of computer virus infection during terminal information interactions.Therefore,it is crucial to explore how computer viruses propagate between terminals in such a network.In this study,we establish a novel computer virus spreading model based on the characteristics of the basic network structure and a classical epidemic-spreading dynamics model,adapted to real-world university scenarios.The proposed model contains six groups:susceptible,unisolated latent,isolated latent,infection,recovery,and crash.We analyze the proposed model's basic reproduction number and disease-free equilibrium point.Using real-world university terminal computer virus propagation data,a basic computer virus infection rate,a basic computer virus removal rate,and a security protection strategy deployment rate are proposed to define the conversion probability of each group and perceive each group's variation tendency.Furthermore,we analyze the spreading trend of computer viruses in the campus network in terms of the proposed computer virus spreading model.We propose specific measures to suppress the spread of computer viruses in terminals,ensuring the safe and stable operation of the campus network terminals to the greatest extent.
基金This research was supported by National Key R&D Program of China:Gravitational Wave Detection Project,China(Nos.2021YFC2202601,2021YFC2202603)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172288).
文摘The Drag-Free and Attitude Control System(DFACS)is a critical platform for various space missions,including high precision satellite navigation,geoscience and gravity field measurement,and space scientific experiments.This paper presents a comprehensive review of over sixty years of research on the design and dynamics model of DFACS.Firstly,we examine the open literature on DFACS and its applications in Drag-Free missions,providing readers with necessary background information on the field.Secondly,we analyze the system configurations and main characteristics of different DFACSs,paying particular attention to the coupling mechanism between the system configuration and dynamics model.Thirdly,we summarize the dynamics modeling methods and main dynamics models of DFACS from multiple perspectives,including common fundamentals and specific applications.Lastly,we identify current challenges and technological difficulties in the system design and dynamics modeling of DFACS,while suggesting potential avenues for future research.This paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the state-of-the-art in DFACS research,as well as the future prospects and challenges in this field.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB0704003)the Funds for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51820105001).
文摘The development of new engineering alloy chemistries and heat treatments is a time-consuming and iterative process.Here,a hybrid approach of the high-throughput precipitation simulations and decisive experiments is developed to optimize the composition and manipulate the microstructure of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys to achieve the expected yield strength and elongation.For that purpose,a multi-class Kampmann-Wagner numerical(KWN)framework is established and the contributions to precipitation kinetics and strength from primary phases and precipitates formed before age hardening are introduced for the first time.The composition/process-structure-property relationship of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is pre-sented and discussed in detail.Coupled with thermodynamic calculations,two concentration-optimized Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with expected high yield strength and long elongation are designed,prepared,and characterized.The excellent strength and elongation of the designed alloys and the good agreement between the measured and model-predicted mechanical properties for these two alloys underscores the remarkable predictive power of the presently developed material design strategy.This work establishes a novel material design strategy for rapidly exploring the compositional space and investigating the effects of composition and heat treatment on the microstructure and performance of ultrahigh strength Al alloys and other materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 52335010,U2013211 and 52305486。
文摘High-bandwidth nano-positioning stages(NPSs)have boosted the advancement of modern ultra-precise,ultra-fast measurement and manufacturing technologies owing to their fast dynamic response,high stiffness and nanoscale resolution.However,the nonlinear actuation,lightly damped resonance and multi-axis cross-coupling effect bring significant challenges to the design,modeling and control of high-bandwidth NPSs.Consequently,numerous advanced works have been reported over the past decades to address these challenges.Here,this article provides a comprehensive review of high-bandwidth NPSs,which covers four representative aspects including mechanical design,system modeling,parameters optimization and high-bandwidth motion control.Besides,representative high-bandwidth NPSs applied to atomic force microscope and fast tool servo are highlighted.By providing an extensive overview of the design procedure for high-bandwidth NPSs,this review aims to offer a systemic solution for achieving operation with high speed,high accuracy and high resolution.Furthermore,remaining difficulties along with future developments in this fields are concluded and discussed.
基金supported by the Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Foundation(2022ECK004)Shanghai Soft Science Research Project(23692123400)。
文摘Dominant technology formation is the key for the hightech industry to“cross the chasm”and gain an established foothold in the market(and hence disrupt the regime).Therefore,a stimulus-response model is proposed to investigate the dominant technology by exploring its formation process and mechanism.Specifically,based on complex adaptive system theory and the basic stimulus-response model,we use a combination of agent-based modeling and system dynamics modeling to capture the interactions between dominant technology and the socio-technical landscape.The results indicate the following:(i)The dynamic interaction is“stimulus-reaction-selection”,which promotes the dominant technology’s formation.(ii)The dominant technology’s formation can be described as a dynamic process in which the adaptation intensity of technology standards increases continuously until it becomes the leading technology under the dual action of internal and external mechanisms.(iii)The dominant technology’s formation in the high-tech industry is influenced by learning ability,the number of adopting users and adaptability.Therein,a“critical scale”of learning ability exists to promote the formation of leading technology:a large number of adopting users can promote the dominant technology’s formation by influencing the adaptive response of technology standards to the socio-technical landscape and the choice of technology standards by the socio-technical landscape.There is a minimum threshold and a maximum threshold for the role of adaptability in the dominant technology’s formation.(iv)The socio-technical landscape can promote the leading technology’s shaping in the high-tech industry,and different elements have different effects.This study promotes research on the formation mechanism of dominant technology in the high-tech industry,presents new perspectives and methods for researchers,and provides essential enlightenment for managers to formulate technology strategies.
基金the Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Grant No.GD22XYS04).
文摘Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275047)
文摘The design work of motional cable in products is vital due to the difficulty in estimating the potential issues in current researches.In this paper,a physics-based modeling and simulation method for the motional cable harness design is presented.The model,based on continuum mechanics,is established by analyzing the force of microelement in equilibrium.During the analysis procedure,three coordinate systems：inertial,Frenet and main-axis coordinate systems are used.By variable substitution and dimensionless processing,the equation set is discretized by differential quadrature method and subsequently becomes an overdetermined nonlinear equation set with boundary conditions solved by Levenberg-Marquardt method.With the profile of motional cable harness obtained from the integral of arithmetic solution,a motion simulation system based on＂path＂and＂profile＂as well as the experimental equipments is built.Using the same parameters as input for the simulation and the real cable harness correspondingly,the issue in designing,such as collision,can be easily found by the simulation system.This research obtains a better result which has no potential collisions by redesign,and the proposed method can be used as an accurate and efficient way in motional cable harness design work.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 60975058)
文摘Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system. Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users, machines and environment of the manufacturing system is extremely complex and generally requires modeling of physically handicapped interaction with the system. Most current modeling either concentrates on the task results or functional disability. The integration of physical constraints with task constraints is far more complex because of functional disability and its extended influence on adjacent body parts. A framework is proposed to integrate the two constraints and thus model the specific behavior of the physical handicapped in virtual environment generated by product specifications. Within the framework a simplified model of physical disabled body is constructed, and body motion is generated based on 3 levels of constraints（effecter constraints, kinematics constraints and physical constraints）. The kinematics and dynamic calculations are made and optimized based on the weighting manipulated by the kinematics constraints and dynamic constraints. With object transferring task as example, the model is validated in Jack 6.0. Modelled task motion elements except for squatting and overreaching well matched with captured motion elements. The proposed modeling method can model the complex behavior of the physically handicapped by integrating both task and physical disability constraints.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB0905000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21978166).
文摘Although the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been increasingly applied in consumer electronics, electric vehicles,and smart grid, they still face great challenges from the continuously improving requirements of energy density, power density, service life, and safety. To solve these issues, various studies have been conducted surrounding the battery design and management methods in recent decades. In the hope of providing some inspirations to the research in this field, the state of the art of design and management methods for LIBs are reviewed here from the perspective of process systems engineering. First, different types of battery models are summarized extensively, including electrical model and multi-physics coupled model, and the parameter identification methods are introduced correspondingly. Next, the model based battery design methods are reviewed briefly on three different scales, namely, electrode scale, cell scale, and pack scale. Then, the battery model based battery management methods, especially the state estimation methods with different model types are thoroughly compared. The key science and technology challenges for the development of battery systems engineering are clarified finally.
文摘The advantages of a flat-panel X-ray source(FPXS)make it a promising candidate for imaging applications.Accurate imaging-system modeling and projection simulation are critical for analyzing imaging performance and resolving overlapping projection issues in FPXS.The conventional analytical ray-tracing approach is limited by the number of patterns and is not applicable to FPXS-projection calculations.However,the computation time of Monte Carlo(MC)simulation is independent of the size of the patterned arrays in FPXS.This study proposes two high-efficiency MC projection simulators for FPXS:a graphics processing unit(GPU)-based phase-space sampling MC(gPSMC)simulator and GPU-based fluence sampling MC(gFSMC)simulator.The two simulators comprise three components:imaging-system modeling,photon initialization,and physical-interaction simulations in the phantom.Imaging-system modeling was performed by modeling the FPXS,imaging geometry,and detector.The gPSMC simulator samples the initial photons from the phase space,whereas the gFSMC simulator performs photon initialization from the calculated energy spectrum and fluence map.The entire process of photon interaction with the geometry and arrival at the detector was simulated in parallel using multiple GPU kernels,and projections based on the two simulators were calculated.The accuracies of the two simulators were evaluated by comparing them with the conventional analytical ray-tracing approach and acquired projections,and the efficiencies were evaluated by comparing the computation time.The results of simulated and realistic experiments illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed gPSMC and gFSMC simulators in the projection calculation of various phantoms.
