The utilization of ethane-selective materials for adsorption-based separation technology presents an energy-efficient alternative to cryogenic distillation for ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))purification from ethane(C_(2)H_(6))....The utilization of ethane-selective materials for adsorption-based separation technology presents an energy-efficient alternative to cryogenic distillation for ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))purification from ethane(C_(2)H_(6)).To study the relations between separation performance and pore environments,we carried out the isoreticular chemistry rule to introduce the-NH_(2)groups into a C_(2)H_(6)-selective MOF[Cu_(1.5)(BTC)(DPU)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(1.5)],and successfully improved the adsorption capacity and selectivity for C_(2)H_(6)over C_(2)H_(4).The NH_(2)-functionalized MOF[Cu_(1.5)(NH_(2)-BTC)(DPU)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(1.5)]with a relatively narrow pore not only forms appropriate pore restriction but also provides additional binding sites to enhance the adsorption capacity of C_(2)H_(6)relative to C_(2)H_(4).Both gas adsorption and dynamic breakthrough results indicated that the-NH_(2)functionalization significantly enhanced the separation performance of materials for C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(4)mixtures,allowing the production of C_(2)H_(4)with a purity of over 99.99%and a productivity of up to 30.02 L/kg in one step.Theoretical calculations revealed that the synergistic effect of appropriate pore confinement and NH_(2)-modified functional surfaces imposed stronger interactions on C_(2)H_(6)than C_(2)H_(4).展开更多
A novel square-shaped metallacycle M,functionalized with carbazole and benzothiadiazole,was synthesized through coordination-driven self-assembly.The discrete metallacyclic architecture endows M with superior optical ...A novel square-shaped metallacycle M,functionalized with carbazole and benzothiadiazole,was synthesized through coordination-driven self-assembly.The discrete metallacyclic architecture endows M with superior optical properties owing to its rigid metallacyclic skeleton and donor-acceptor electronic structure.The femtosecond transient absorption(fs-TA)spectroscopic measurements demonstrated that the macrocyclic skeleton significantly promotes the intramolecular charge transfer efficiency and the rapid formation of triplet states.Furthermore,leveraging M as a photocatalyst enabled to drive the cross-dehydrogenative coupling(CDC)reactions with>90%efficiency,which was facilitated by its persistent charge separation states and long-lived triplet states.This work highlights the critical role of metallacycle engineering in optimizing photophysical dynamics and advancing applications in smart optoelectronics and sustainable photocatalysis.展开更多
Water pollution and scarcity have become major global challenges.The Fenton oxidation method has been widely applied in organic wastewater treatment due to its ability to efficiently degrade toxic organic pollutants.H...Water pollution and scarcity have become major global challenges.The Fenton oxidation method has been widely applied in organic wastewater treatment due to its ability to efficiently degrade toxic organic pollutants.However,traditional homogeneous Fenton systems have several limitations,such as slow reaction rates and the generation of iron sludge.In this study,a ferrocene-based catalytic ultrafiltration membrane was developed by UV photopolymerization.This membrane integrated Fenton reaction with membrane separation technology significantly enhances pollutant removal efficiency,prevents iron sludge formation,and provides self-cleaning properties to extend the service life of the membrane.The results indicated that the ferrocene groups are uniformly distributed on the membrane surface,greatly improving their catalytic efficiency.In heterogeneous Fenton reactions,M2 exhibited excellent catalytic activity,achieving a degradation rate of>99.9%of methyl orange(MO)within 90 s.Additionally,under the synergistic effect of membrane filtration and catalysis,M2 efficiently removed humic acid(HA)and MO and demonstrated good reusability over multiple cycles.Moreover,under Fenton reaction conditions,M2 showed superior self-cleaning performance,achieving a high FRR value of 94.1%.Overall,this catalytic membrane enhanced pollutant removal efficiency through the combined effect of membrane separation and catalysis,effectively degrading small molecule dyes in the presence of natural organic matter,offering a novel approach to addressing water pollution.展开更多
A growing global population and the increasing prevalence of diet-related health issues such as“hidden hunger”,obesity,hypertension,and diabetes necessitate a fundamental rethinking of crop design and breeding.Synth...A growing global population and the increasing prevalence of diet-related health issues such as“hidden hunger”,obesity,hypertension,and diabetes necessitate a fundamental rethinking of crop design and breeding.Synthetic metabolic engineering offers a method to modify and redesign metabolic pathways to increase the nutritional value of crops.We summarize recent advances in the biofortification of key nutrients including provitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin B9,iron,zinc,anthocyanins,flavonoids,and unsaturated fatty acids.We discuss the potential of multi-gene stacking,gene editing,enzyme engineering,and artificial intelligence in synthetic metabolic engineering.We propose future research directions and potential solutions centered on leveraging AI-driven systems biology,precision gene editing,enzyme engineering,agrobacterium-mediated genotype-independent transformation,and modular metabolic engineering strategies to develop next-generation nutritionally enhanced super crops and transform global food systems.展开更多
This study investigates the properties of high-purity starches extracted from Polygonum multiflorum(PMS)and Smilax glabra(SGS).The starches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouriertransform infrared ...This study investigates the properties of high-purity starches extracted from Polygonum multiflorum(PMS)and Smilax glabra(SGS).The starches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,high-performance anion-exchange chromatography,and differential scanning calorimetry.Significant differences were observed in their morphological,physicochemical,and functional properties.PMS had a smaller particle size(13.68 μm),irregular polygonal shape,A-type,lower water absorption(62.67 %),and higher oil absorption(51.17 %).In contrast,SGS exhibited larger particles(31.75 μm),a nearly spherical shape,B-type,higher crystallinity(50.66 %),and greater amylose content(21.54 %),with superior thermal stability,shear resistance,and gelatinization enthalpy.SGS also contained higher resistant starch(83.28 %) and longer average chain length(20.58 %),but showed lower solubility,swelling power,light transmittance,and freeze-thaw stability.The physicochemical properties differences in crystal pattern and particle morphology between PMS and SGS lead to distinct behaviors during in vitro digestion and fermentation.These findings highlight the potential of medicinal plant starches in functional ingredients and industrial processes.展开更多
The current industrial-scale production of molybdenum-99(^(99)Mo)and iodine-131(^(131)I)is heavily predicated on thermal neutron irradiation of LEU targets.In this route,^(99)Mo and ^(131)I are separated using a solid...The current industrial-scale production of molybdenum-99(^(99)Mo)and iodine-131(^(131)I)is heavily predicated on thermal neutron irradiation of LEU targets.In this route,^(99)Mo and ^(131)I are separated using a solid-phase extraction approach.The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate copolymeric beads that could be used to separate ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I from their aqueous solutions.Different aminated styrenedivinyl benzene co-polymeric beads were successfully manufactured for this approach.The structural features of the synthesized copolymers were characterized.The resin frameworks were found to have homogeneous spherical shapes decorated with a very thin layer of amine moieties.The FT-IR peaks caused by N—H stretching and C—N bending vibrations show the successful functionalization of the resins'surfaces with amine moieties selective for the sorption of I-over Mo O_(4)^(2-)ions.Under various circumstances,the produced resins were assessed for sorption of ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I from their aqueous solutions.They showed an enhanced sorption capability for I-ions compared to MoO_(4)^(2-)ions and attained equilibrium in less than 20 min.Data declare that the sorption of MoO_(4)^(2-)and I-ions onto synthesized resins was attained through an ion exchange process with Cl-ions.In such interactions,one iodide ion(I-)consumes only one active site from the resin surface,while two active sites must be exhausted to retain one MoO_(4)^(2-)ion onto the surface of the resins.The exchange interaction of both MoO_(4)^(2-)and I-ions was an endothermic process.Further,the elution of ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I radioisotopes loaded on synthesized resins was investigated using various eluents.Additional sets of individual and binary dynamic experiments were performed using columns packed with trimethylamine styrene divinyl benzene(TMA-PSDVB)and triethylamine styrene divinyl benzene(TEA-PSDVB)resins.The individual breakthrough sorption capacity of TMA-PSDVB and TEA-PSDVB resins had values of 381.6 and352.6 mg·g^(-1)for ^(131)I and values of 134.7 and 117.2 mg·g^(-1)for ^(99)Mo isotopes,respectively.Furthermore,TMA-PSDVB resin exhibited breakthrough sorption capacity for ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I,in the binary system,amounting to 123.7 and 331.6 mg·g^(-1)with elution percentages reaching 75.4%and 12.1%,respectively.These findings demonstrate that Mo(Ⅵ)ions were efficiently separated from I(Ⅰ)ions.Finally,the reported aminated polymeric resins may be regarded as promising solid phases for the separation and recovery of Mo(Ⅵ)and I(Ⅰ).展开更多
Gauss radial basis functions(GRBF)are frequently employed in data fitting and machine learning.Their linear independence property can theoretically guarantee the avoidance of data redundancy.In this paper,one of the m...Gauss radial basis functions(GRBF)are frequently employed in data fitting and machine learning.Their linear independence property can theoretically guarantee the avoidance of data redundancy.In this paper,one of the main contributions is proving this property using linear algebra instead of profound knowledge.This makes it easy to read and understand this fundamental fact.The proof of linear independence of a set of Gauss functions relies on the constructing method for one-dimensional space and on the deducing method for higher dimensions.Additionally,under the condition of preserving the same moments between the original function and interpolating function,both the interpolating existence and uniqueness are proven for GRBF in one-dimensional space.The final work demonstrates the application of the GRBF method to locate lunar olivine.By combining preprocessed data using GRBF with the removing envelope curve method,a program is created to find the position of lunar olivine based on spectrum data,and the numerical experiment shows that it is an effective scheme.展开更多
Saikosaponins are the major pharmacologically active components in Bupleurum genus and exhibit significant application potential in multiple fields such as immune regulation and anti-tumor activity.To elucidate the bi...Saikosaponins are the major pharmacologically active components in Bupleurum genus and exhibit significant application potential in multiple fields such as immune regulation and anti-tumor activity.To elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of saikosaponins,we identified two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases,CYP716A41 and CYP716Y4,in Bupleurum chinense.These enzymes catalyze the C-28 oxidation and C-16 hydroxylation of oleanane-type triterpene skeletons,respectively.The catalytic efficiency of CYP716A41 from a southern B.chinense variety was significantly higher than that from a northern variety.Molecular docking and mutagenesis experiments revealed that amino acid residues at sites 9 and 35 may contribute to this difference in catalytic efficiency.Additionally,under cold stress,the expression levels of both CYP450 genes and the saikosaponin contents in the leaves of southern varieties were significantly higher compared to those in northern varieties.The variation in the catalytic efficiency of CYP716A41 and the differential expression of the two CYP450 genes under cold stress during winter are associated with the differences in saikosaponin biosynthesis in the leaves of southern and northern B.chinense varieties.This is consistent with the distinct medicinal usage practices observed between southern and northern China.展开更多
Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in s...Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.展开更多
The propylene/propane(C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8))separation is particularly challenging due to their highly similar physical properties,but of industrial importance.Herein,we report a bifunctional ultramicroporous metal-or...The propylene/propane(C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8))separation is particularly challenging due to their highly similar physical properties,but of industrial importance.Herein,we report a bifunctional ultramicroporous metal-organic framework(Co-aip-pyz)with customized pore environment and selective binding sites for the challenging C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation.Co-aip-pyz exhibits a good C_(3)H_(6) uptake with an ultrahigh C_(3)H_(6) packing density(931 g/L),as well as possesses a remarkable C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) uptake ratio with 911% and distinguished C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) selectivity(>10^(4))at 298 K and 1.0 bar.Furthermore,Co-aip-pyz possesses a record high C_(3)H_(6) packing density with 859 g/L at 313 K and 1.0 bar,which is unprecedented in the C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation.Its high performance for the C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation has been further confirmed by breakthrough experiments and molecular simulations.Combined with good stability,facilely synthesized procedure by low-cost precursors,record-high C_(3)H_(6) packing density,as well as good C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation performance,it highlights Co-aip-pyz as a benchmark adsorbent to address daunting challenge for industrial C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation.This work provides valuable insights into constructing top-performing MOF materials for addressing the industrial separation challenges.展开更多
In recent years,researchers have extensively investigated the Hankel determinant,which consists of coefficients appearing in a holomorphic function’s Taylor-Maclaurin series.Hankel matrices are widely used in Markov ...In recent years,researchers have extensively investigated the Hankel determinant,which consists of coefficients appearing in a holomorphic function’s Taylor-Maclaurin series.Hankel matrices are widely used in Markov processes,non-stationary signals,and other mathematical disciplines.The aim of the current research article is to first improve the bounds of coefficient-related problems by employing the well-known Carathéodory function.The problems that we are going to improve were obtained by Tang et al.The sharp estimates of the most difficult problem of geometric function theory known as the third-order Hankel determinant are also contributed here.Zalcman and Fekete-Szegöinequalities are also studied here for the defined family of holomorphic functions.展开更多
This study aims to explore the impact of fatigue induced by different limb exercises on cerebral cortical oxygenation levels and functional connectivity strength using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Fati...This study aims to explore the impact of fatigue induced by different limb exercises on cerebral cortical oxygenation levels and functional connectivity strength using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Fatigue was induced using an upper limb ergometer or a lower limb ergometer,with the load increasing gradually each minute.fNIRS covering the prefrontal cortex and motor cortex were used to collect data during the resting state,both before and after fatigue induction.A two-way ANOVA was conducted to examine differences in oxyhemoglobin(HbO_(2))and functional connectivity before and after fatigue induction in both groups,with the significance level set at 0.05.Exercise-induced fatigue in both the upper and lower limbs leads to a significant decrease in cerebral cortical oxygenation levels.Upper limb fatigue leads to a significant reduction in functional connectivity,there were significant decreases in connectivity within the motor cortex,between the motor cortex and frontal regions,and between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and other frontal regions.Conversely,no significant changes were observed before and after lower limb fatigue.Future studies should focus on examining the extent to which how changes in the cerebral cortex,induced by exercise fatigue,are linked to exercise-and/or performance-related outcomes.展开更多
This paper examines a model that combines vortex generators and leading-edge tubercles for controlling the laminar separation bubble(LSB)over an airfoil at low Reynolds numbers(Re).This new concept of passive flow con...This paper examines a model that combines vortex generators and leading-edge tubercles for controlling the laminar separation bubble(LSB)over an airfoil at low Reynolds numbers(Re).This new concept of passive flow control technique utilizing a tubercle and vortex generator(VG)close to the leading edge was analyzed numerically for a NACA0015 airfoil.In this study,the Shear Stress Transport(SST)turbulence model was employed in the numerical modelling.Numerical modelling was completed using the ANSYS-Fluent 18.2 solver.Analyses were conducted to investigate the flow pattern and understand the underlying LSB control phenomena that enabled the new passive flow control method to provide this significant performance benefit.The findings indicated that the new concept of passive flow control technique suppressed the formation of an LSB at the suction surface of the NACA0015 airfoil,resulting in a higher lift coefficient and improved aerodynamic performance.Improvements in LSB dynamics and aerodynamic performance through the passive flow control method lead to increased energy output and enhanced stability.展开更多
Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),functional dyspepsia(FD),and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),present persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to s...Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),functional dyspepsia(FD),and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),present persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to symptom heterogeneity and the absence of reliable biomarkers.Artificial intelligence(AI)enables the integration of multimodal data to enhance FGID management through precision diagnostics and preventive healthcare.This minireview summarizes recent advancements in AI applications for FGIDs,highlighting progress in diagnostic accuracy,subtype classification,personalized interventions,and preventive strategies inspired by the traditional Chinese medicine concept of“treating the undiseased”.Machine learning and deep learning algorithms have demonstrated value in improving IBS diagnosis,refining FD neuro-gastrointestinal subtyping,and screening for GERD-related complications.Moreover,AI supports dietary,psychological,and integrative medicine-based interventions to improve patient adherence and quality of life.Nonetheless,key challenges remain,including data heterogeneity,limited model interpretability,and the need for robust clinical validation.Future directions emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration,the development of multimodal and explainable AI models,and the creation of patientcentered platforms to facilitate a shift from reactive treatment to proactive prevention.This review provides a systematic framework to guide the clinical application and theoretical innovation of AI in FGIDs.展开更多
With the legislative development,the organic and inorganic composition separation has become the primary requirement for sewer sediment disposal,however the relevant technology has been rarely reported and the driving...With the legislative development,the organic and inorganic composition separation has become the primary requirement for sewer sediment disposal,however the relevant technology has been rarely reported and the driving mechanism was still unclear.In this study,direct disintegration of biopolymers and indirect broken of connection point were investigated on the hydrolysis and component separation.Three typical sewer sediment treatment approaches,i.e.,alkaline,thermal and cation exchange treatments were proposed,which represented the hydrolysis-driving forces of chemical hydrolysis,physical hydrolysis and innovative cation bridging break-age.The results showed that the organic and inorganic separation rates of sewer sediment driven by alkaline,thermal and cation exchange treatments reached 21.26%,23.80%,and 19.56%-48.0%,respectively,compared to 4.43%in control.The secondary structure of proteins was disrupted,transitioning from𝛼α-helix to𝛽β-turn and random coil.Meanwhile,much biopolymers were released from solid to the liquid phase.From thermody-namic perspective,sewer sediment deposition was controlled by short-range interfacial interactions described by extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory.Additionally,the separation of organic and inorganic components was positively correlated with the thermodynamic parameters(Corr=0.87),highlighted the robust-ness of various driving forces.And the flocculation energy barriers were 2.40(alkaline),1.60 times(thermal),and 4.02–4.97 times(cation exchange)compared to control group.The findings revealed the contrition differ-ence of direct disintegration of gelatinous biopolymers and indirect breakage of composition connection sites in sediment composition separation,filling the critical gaps in understanding the specific mechanisms of sediment biopolymer disintegration and intermolecular connection breakage.展开更多
Vehicle-induced response separation is a crucial issue in structural health monitoring(SHM).This paper proposes a block-wise sliding recursive wavelet transform algorithm to meet the real-time processing requirements ...Vehicle-induced response separation is a crucial issue in structural health monitoring(SHM).This paper proposes a block-wise sliding recursive wavelet transform algorithm to meet the real-time processing requirements of monitoring data.To extend the separation target from a fixed dataset to a continuously updating data stream,a block-wise sliding framework is first developed.This framework is further optimized considering the characteristics of real-time data streams,and its advantage in computational efficiency is theoretically demonstrated.During the decomposition and reconstruction processes,information from neighboring data blocks is fully utilized to reduce algorithmic complexity.In addition,a delay-setting strategy is introduced for each processing window to mitigate boundary effects,thereby balancing accuracy and efficiency.Simulated signal experiments are conducted to determine the optimal delay configuration and to verify the algorithm’s superior performance,achieving a lower Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and only 0.0249 times the average computational time compared with the original algorithm.Furthermore,strain signals from the Lieshi River Bridge are employed to validate the method.The proposed algorithm successfully separates the static trend from vehicle-induced responses in real time across different sampling frequencies,demonstrating its effectiveness and applicability in real-time bridge monitoring.展开更多
Aspergillus species are ubiquitous fungi that produce mycotoxins(secondary metabolites)known as sterigmatocystin and aflatoxins in many different kinds of foods,which leads to serious contamination in agricultural pro...Aspergillus species are ubiquitous fungi that produce mycotoxins(secondary metabolites)known as sterigmatocystin and aflatoxins in many different kinds of foods,which leads to serious contamination in agricultural products,thereby endangering human health.Extensive studies on Aspergillus fungi have been conducted on growth and development,aflatoxin biosynthesis,and their interactions with environment.Here,we summarized a series of functional genes of the main Aspergillus fungi relative to toxins occurrence in foods,which revealed the signal transduction mechanisms of their involvement in growth and development,toxin production,and response to light,anticipating providing theoretical guidance on developing control and prevention technologies for mycotoxin contamination in agricultural products to ensure food safety.展开更多
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant re-newable resource on Earth,boasting advan-tages such as wide avail-ability and negative car-bon emissions.Especial-ly,efficient separation of lignocellulose into cellu-lo...Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant re-newable resource on Earth,boasting advan-tages such as wide avail-ability and negative car-bon emissions.Especial-ly,efficient separation of lignocellulose into cellu-lose,hemicellulose and lignin,and realizing val-orization of these compo-nents are more responsive to the development needs of biomass refinery and the green chem-istry era.This review outlines the main components of lignocellulose and briefly summerizes their utilization in chemical raw materials and energy production.It mainly focused on cur-rent advances in component separation methods of lignocellulose by organic solvents,ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents.The design of separation methods,understanding of sepa-ration mechanisms,and optimization of reaction systems in each method are highlighted in detail.Furthermore,the ongoing challenges and future directions based on mechanism and in-dustrialization are critically discussed.Our goal is to elucidate the separation mechanisms and principles of method design,providing guidance for the development of highly efficient com-ponent separation methods of lignocellulose.展开更多
To develop an efficient filter for removing white blood cells from whole blood,hydrophilic large-pore blended membranes of poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF),polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol,with good biocom...To develop an efficient filter for removing white blood cells from whole blood,hydrophilic large-pore blended membranes of poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF),polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol,with good biocompatibility,were prepared using the process of vapor-induced phase separation at various PVDF concentrations.The results demonstrated that at a PVDF mass concentration of 14%,the membrane had increased surface roughness,significantly enhanced hydrophilicity and wettability,and a wetting time of 8 s.The surface roughness of the membrane was also reduced to 31.637 nm.Furthermore,hemolysis rate and protein adsorption tests indicated that the blended membranes possessed excellent biocompatibility.They were reduced to 2.48%and 34.44μg·cm^(−2),respectively.The pore size of the fabricated membrane was relatively large,which reached approximately 8μm respectively,satisfying the filtration requirements.Lastly,the effects of different temperatures and multi-layered filters on leukocyte removal and the retention of red blood cells and platelets from whole blood were evaluated.The results revealed that the leukocyte removal rate was highest at 4℃ and with three membrane layers,the leukocyte removal rate was highest,reaching 98.36%,while the RBC and platelet content remained nearly unchanged compared with the original blood.This study provides a new approach for blood cell separation that is expected to play a significant role in medical fields such as blood transfusion demonstrating great potential for application and innovation.展开更多
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a disease responsible for early mortality worldwide,is well accepted to be associated with periodontitis epidemiologically.Although both of the diseases are the multi-microb...Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a disease responsible for early mortality worldwide,is well accepted to be associated with periodontitis epidemiologically.Although both of the diseases are the multi-microbial inflammatory disease,the precise underlying mechanisms by which periodontitis influences the progression of COPD remains largely unknown.Here,we established COPD accompanied with periodontitis mouse models and observed the pronounced progress in pulmonary symptoms and histopathology,cha racterized by poorer respiratory function,thicke ned bronchial walls,and increased neutrophils infiltration in lung tissue.Mechanistically,periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)relocated in the lung through the respiratory tract and LPS from P.gingivalis promoted the secretion of chemokines CXCL2 and G-CSF of alveolar epithelial cells through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways to recruit neutrophils.Furthermore,exposure to P.gingivalis of infiltrated neutrophils released matrix metallopeptidase-8(MMP-8)and neutrophil elastase(NE),which aggravated airway inflammation and tissue damage.These findings indicated that periodontitis could exacerbate COPD via its pathogen P.gingivalis,which translocated in the lung and stimulated neutrophil chemotaxis and activation in the lung.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22371226 and 22371225)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(No.2024JC-JCQN-18).
文摘The utilization of ethane-selective materials for adsorption-based separation technology presents an energy-efficient alternative to cryogenic distillation for ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))purification from ethane(C_(2)H_(6)).To study the relations between separation performance and pore environments,we carried out the isoreticular chemistry rule to introduce the-NH_(2)groups into a C_(2)H_(6)-selective MOF[Cu_(1.5)(BTC)(DPU)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(1.5)],and successfully improved the adsorption capacity and selectivity for C_(2)H_(6)over C_(2)H_(4).The NH_(2)-functionalized MOF[Cu_(1.5)(NH_(2)-BTC)(DPU)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(1.5)]with a relatively narrow pore not only forms appropriate pore restriction but also provides additional binding sites to enhance the adsorption capacity of C_(2)H_(6)relative to C_(2)H_(4).Both gas adsorption and dynamic breakthrough results indicated that the-NH_(2)functionalization significantly enhanced the separation performance of materials for C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(4)mixtures,allowing the production of C_(2)H_(4)with a purity of over 99.99%and a productivity of up to 30.02 L/kg in one step.Theoretical calculations revealed that the synergistic effect of appropriate pore confinement and NH_(2)-modified functional surfaces imposed stronger interactions on C_(2)H_(6)than C_(2)H_(4).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22301079 and 22473002)the University Annual Scientific Research Plan of Anhui Province(No.2022AH010013)Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Control and Application of Optoelectronic Information Materials(No.OIM-2024-09).
文摘A novel square-shaped metallacycle M,functionalized with carbazole and benzothiadiazole,was synthesized through coordination-driven self-assembly.The discrete metallacyclic architecture endows M with superior optical properties owing to its rigid metallacyclic skeleton and donor-acceptor electronic structure.The femtosecond transient absorption(fs-TA)spectroscopic measurements demonstrated that the macrocyclic skeleton significantly promotes the intramolecular charge transfer efficiency and the rapid formation of triplet states.Furthermore,leveraging M as a photocatalyst enabled to drive the cross-dehydrogenative coupling(CDC)reactions with>90%efficiency,which was facilitated by its persistent charge separation states and long-lived triplet states.This work highlights the critical role of metallacycle engineering in optimizing photophysical dynamics and advancing applications in smart optoelectronics and sustainable photocatalysis.
文摘Water pollution and scarcity have become major global challenges.The Fenton oxidation method has been widely applied in organic wastewater treatment due to its ability to efficiently degrade toxic organic pollutants.However,traditional homogeneous Fenton systems have several limitations,such as slow reaction rates and the generation of iron sludge.In this study,a ferrocene-based catalytic ultrafiltration membrane was developed by UV photopolymerization.This membrane integrated Fenton reaction with membrane separation technology significantly enhances pollutant removal efficiency,prevents iron sludge formation,and provides self-cleaning properties to extend the service life of the membrane.The results indicated that the ferrocene groups are uniformly distributed on the membrane surface,greatly improving their catalytic efficiency.In heterogeneous Fenton reactions,M2 exhibited excellent catalytic activity,achieving a degradation rate of>99.9%of methyl orange(MO)within 90 s.Additionally,under the synergistic effect of membrane filtration and catalysis,M2 efficiently removed humic acid(HA)and MO and demonstrated good reusability over multiple cycles.Moreover,under Fenton reaction conditions,M2 showed superior self-cleaning performance,achieving a high FRR value of 94.1%.Overall,this catalytic membrane enhanced pollutant removal efficiency through the combined effect of membrane separation and catalysis,effectively degrading small molecule dyes in the presence of natural organic matter,offering a novel approach to addressing water pollution.
基金supported by grants from the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(GKAA24206023)the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD04077)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272120)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF1000800)the Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Precise Breeding of Future Crops Major Project(FCBRCE-202502,FCBRCE-202504).
文摘A growing global population and the increasing prevalence of diet-related health issues such as“hidden hunger”,obesity,hypertension,and diabetes necessitate a fundamental rethinking of crop design and breeding.Synthetic metabolic engineering offers a method to modify and redesign metabolic pathways to increase the nutritional value of crops.We summarize recent advances in the biofortification of key nutrients including provitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin B9,iron,zinc,anthocyanins,flavonoids,and unsaturated fatty acids.We discuss the potential of multi-gene stacking,gene editing,enzyme engineering,and artificial intelligence in synthetic metabolic engineering.We propose future research directions and potential solutions centered on leveraging AI-driven systems biology,precision gene editing,enzyme engineering,agrobacterium-mediated genotype-independent transformation,and modular metabolic engineering strategies to develop next-generation nutritionally enhanced super crops and transform global food systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82174074)。
文摘This study investigates the properties of high-purity starches extracted from Polygonum multiflorum(PMS)and Smilax glabra(SGS).The starches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,high-performance anion-exchange chromatography,and differential scanning calorimetry.Significant differences were observed in their morphological,physicochemical,and functional properties.PMS had a smaller particle size(13.68 μm),irregular polygonal shape,A-type,lower water absorption(62.67 %),and higher oil absorption(51.17 %).In contrast,SGS exhibited larger particles(31.75 μm),a nearly spherical shape,B-type,higher crystallinity(50.66 %),and greater amylose content(21.54 %),with superior thermal stability,shear resistance,and gelatinization enthalpy.SGS also contained higher resistant starch(83.28 %) and longer average chain length(20.58 %),but showed lower solubility,swelling power,light transmittance,and freeze-thaw stability.The physicochemical properties differences in crystal pattern and particle morphology between PMS and SGS lead to distinct behaviors during in vitro digestion and fermentation.These findings highlight the potential of medicinal plant starches in functional ingredients and industrial processes.
文摘The current industrial-scale production of molybdenum-99(^(99)Mo)and iodine-131(^(131)I)is heavily predicated on thermal neutron irradiation of LEU targets.In this route,^(99)Mo and ^(131)I are separated using a solid-phase extraction approach.The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate copolymeric beads that could be used to separate ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I from their aqueous solutions.Different aminated styrenedivinyl benzene co-polymeric beads were successfully manufactured for this approach.The structural features of the synthesized copolymers were characterized.The resin frameworks were found to have homogeneous spherical shapes decorated with a very thin layer of amine moieties.The FT-IR peaks caused by N—H stretching and C—N bending vibrations show the successful functionalization of the resins'surfaces with amine moieties selective for the sorption of I-over Mo O_(4)^(2-)ions.Under various circumstances,the produced resins were assessed for sorption of ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I from their aqueous solutions.They showed an enhanced sorption capability for I-ions compared to MoO_(4)^(2-)ions and attained equilibrium in less than 20 min.Data declare that the sorption of MoO_(4)^(2-)and I-ions onto synthesized resins was attained through an ion exchange process with Cl-ions.In such interactions,one iodide ion(I-)consumes only one active site from the resin surface,while two active sites must be exhausted to retain one MoO_(4)^(2-)ion onto the surface of the resins.The exchange interaction of both MoO_(4)^(2-)and I-ions was an endothermic process.Further,the elution of ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I radioisotopes loaded on synthesized resins was investigated using various eluents.Additional sets of individual and binary dynamic experiments were performed using columns packed with trimethylamine styrene divinyl benzene(TMA-PSDVB)and triethylamine styrene divinyl benzene(TEA-PSDVB)resins.The individual breakthrough sorption capacity of TMA-PSDVB and TEA-PSDVB resins had values of 381.6 and352.6 mg·g^(-1)for ^(131)I and values of 134.7 and 117.2 mg·g^(-1)for ^(99)Mo isotopes,respectively.Furthermore,TMA-PSDVB resin exhibited breakthrough sorption capacity for ^(99)Mo and ^(131)I,in the binary system,amounting to 123.7 and 331.6 mg·g^(-1)with elution percentages reaching 75.4%and 12.1%,respectively.These findings demonstrate that Mo(Ⅵ)ions were efficiently separated from I(Ⅰ)ions.Finally,the reported aminated polymeric resins may be regarded as promising solid phases for the separation and recovery of Mo(Ⅵ)and I(Ⅰ).
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB025904)Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economics,Business and Management(SD-YB2025085)。
文摘Gauss radial basis functions(GRBF)are frequently employed in data fitting and machine learning.Their linear independence property can theoretically guarantee the avoidance of data redundancy.In this paper,one of the main contributions is proving this property using linear algebra instead of profound knowledge.This makes it easy to read and understand this fundamental fact.The proof of linear independence of a set of Gauss functions relies on the constructing method for one-dimensional space and on the deducing method for higher dimensions.Additionally,under the condition of preserving the same moments between the original function and interpolating function,both the interpolating existence and uniqueness are proven for GRBF in one-dimensional space.The final work demonstrates the application of the GRBF method to locate lunar olivine.By combining preprocessed data using GRBF with the removing envelope curve method,a program is created to find the position of lunar olivine based on spectrum data,and the numerical experiment shows that it is an effective scheme.
基金supported by CARS(CARS-21),the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-032)the Science and Technology Department of Xizang(XZ202401ZY0020)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2023YFH0044,2023YFH0018)the Sichuan Province Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(2022JDJQ0006)the Doctoral Fund of Southwest University of Science and Technology(19ZX7117,21ZX7116).
文摘Saikosaponins are the major pharmacologically active components in Bupleurum genus and exhibit significant application potential in multiple fields such as immune regulation and anti-tumor activity.To elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of saikosaponins,we identified two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases,CYP716A41 and CYP716Y4,in Bupleurum chinense.These enzymes catalyze the C-28 oxidation and C-16 hydroxylation of oleanane-type triterpene skeletons,respectively.The catalytic efficiency of CYP716A41 from a southern B.chinense variety was significantly higher than that from a northern variety.Molecular docking and mutagenesis experiments revealed that amino acid residues at sites 9 and 35 may contribute to this difference in catalytic efficiency.Additionally,under cold stress,the expression levels of both CYP450 genes and the saikosaponin contents in the leaves of southern varieties were significantly higher compared to those in northern varieties.The variation in the catalytic efficiency of CYP716A41 and the differential expression of the two CYP450 genes under cold stress during winter are associated with the differences in saikosaponin biosynthesis in the leaves of southern and northern B.chinense varieties.This is consistent with the distinct medicinal usage practices observed between southern and northern China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82072165 and 82272256(both to XM)the Key Project of Xiangyang Central Hospital,No.2023YZ03(to RM)。
文摘Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275102)NCC Fund(No.NCC2022FH01)。
文摘The propylene/propane(C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8))separation is particularly challenging due to their highly similar physical properties,but of industrial importance.Herein,we report a bifunctional ultramicroporous metal-organic framework(Co-aip-pyz)with customized pore environment and selective binding sites for the challenging C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation.Co-aip-pyz exhibits a good C_(3)H_(6) uptake with an ultrahigh C_(3)H_(6) packing density(931 g/L),as well as possesses a remarkable C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) uptake ratio with 911% and distinguished C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) selectivity(>10^(4))at 298 K and 1.0 bar.Furthermore,Co-aip-pyz possesses a record high C_(3)H_(6) packing density with 859 g/L at 313 K and 1.0 bar,which is unprecedented in the C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation.Its high performance for the C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation has been further confirmed by breakthrough experiments and molecular simulations.Combined with good stability,facilely synthesized procedure by low-cost precursors,record-high C_(3)H_(6) packing density,as well as good C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation performance,it highlights Co-aip-pyz as a benchmark adsorbent to address daunting challenge for industrial C_(3)H_(6)/C_(3)H_(8) separation.This work provides valuable insights into constructing top-performing MOF materials for addressing the industrial separation challenges.
基金supported by the NSFC(11561001)the Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJYT18-A14)+4 种基金the NSF of Inner Mongolia(2022MS01004,2020MS01011)the Higher School Foundation of Inner Mongolia(NJZY20200)the Program for Key Laboratory Construction of Chifeng University(CFXYZD202004)the Research and Innovation Team of Complex Analysis and Nonlinear Dynamic Systems of Chifeng University(cfxykycxtd202005)the Youth Science Foundation of Chifeng University(cfxyqn202133).
文摘In recent years,researchers have extensively investigated the Hankel determinant,which consists of coefficients appearing in a holomorphic function’s Taylor-Maclaurin series.Hankel matrices are widely used in Markov processes,non-stationary signals,and other mathematical disciplines.The aim of the current research article is to first improve the bounds of coefficient-related problems by employing the well-known Carathéodory function.The problems that we are going to improve were obtained by Tang et al.The sharp estimates of the most difficult problem of geometric function theory known as the third-order Hankel determinant are also contributed here.Zalcman and Fekete-Szegöinequalities are also studied here for the defined family of holomorphic functions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[NO.11932013].
文摘This study aims to explore the impact of fatigue induced by different limb exercises on cerebral cortical oxygenation levels and functional connectivity strength using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Fatigue was induced using an upper limb ergometer or a lower limb ergometer,with the load increasing gradually each minute.fNIRS covering the prefrontal cortex and motor cortex were used to collect data during the resting state,both before and after fatigue induction.A two-way ANOVA was conducted to examine differences in oxyhemoglobin(HbO_(2))and functional connectivity before and after fatigue induction in both groups,with the significance level set at 0.05.Exercise-induced fatigue in both the upper and lower limbs leads to a significant decrease in cerebral cortical oxygenation levels.Upper limb fatigue leads to a significant reduction in functional connectivity,there were significant decreases in connectivity within the motor cortex,between the motor cortex and frontal regions,and between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and other frontal regions.Conversely,no significant changes were observed before and after lower limb fatigue.Future studies should focus on examining the extent to which how changes in the cerebral cortex,induced by exercise fatigue,are linked to exercise-and/or performance-related outcomes.
基金the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Erciyes University under contract no:FDS-2022-11532 and FOA-2025-14773.
文摘This paper examines a model that combines vortex generators and leading-edge tubercles for controlling the laminar separation bubble(LSB)over an airfoil at low Reynolds numbers(Re).This new concept of passive flow control technique utilizing a tubercle and vortex generator(VG)close to the leading edge was analyzed numerically for a NACA0015 airfoil.In this study,the Shear Stress Transport(SST)turbulence model was employed in the numerical modelling.Numerical modelling was completed using the ANSYS-Fluent 18.2 solver.Analyses were conducted to investigate the flow pattern and understand the underlying LSB control phenomena that enabled the new passive flow control method to provide this significant performance benefit.The findings indicated that the new concept of passive flow control technique suppressed the formation of an LSB at the suction surface of the NACA0015 airfoil,resulting in a higher lift coefficient and improved aerodynamic performance.Improvements in LSB dynamics and aerodynamic performance through the passive flow control method lead to increased energy output and enhanced stability.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82374292the Plans for Major Provincial Science and Technology Projects of Anhui Province,No.202303a07020003the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.ZYYCXTD-C-202401.
文摘Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),functional dyspepsia(FD),and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),present persistent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to symptom heterogeneity and the absence of reliable biomarkers.Artificial intelligence(AI)enables the integration of multimodal data to enhance FGID management through precision diagnostics and preventive healthcare.This minireview summarizes recent advancements in AI applications for FGIDs,highlighting progress in diagnostic accuracy,subtype classification,personalized interventions,and preventive strategies inspired by the traditional Chinese medicine concept of“treating the undiseased”.Machine learning and deep learning algorithms have demonstrated value in improving IBS diagnosis,refining FD neuro-gastrointestinal subtyping,and screening for GERD-related complications.Moreover,AI supports dietary,psychological,and integrative medicine-based interventions to improve patient adherence and quality of life.Nonetheless,key challenges remain,including data heterogeneity,limited model interpretability,and the need for robust clinical validation.Future directions emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration,the development of multimodal and explainable AI models,and the creation of patientcentered platforms to facilitate a shift from reactive treatment to proactive prevention.This review provides a systematic framework to guide the clinical application and theoretical innovation of AI in FGIDs.
基金supported by Shaanxi Key Research and Development Program(No.2024SF-YBXM-546)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52470161)the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation(No.PCRRF21007).
文摘With the legislative development,the organic and inorganic composition separation has become the primary requirement for sewer sediment disposal,however the relevant technology has been rarely reported and the driving mechanism was still unclear.In this study,direct disintegration of biopolymers and indirect broken of connection point were investigated on the hydrolysis and component separation.Three typical sewer sediment treatment approaches,i.e.,alkaline,thermal and cation exchange treatments were proposed,which represented the hydrolysis-driving forces of chemical hydrolysis,physical hydrolysis and innovative cation bridging break-age.The results showed that the organic and inorganic separation rates of sewer sediment driven by alkaline,thermal and cation exchange treatments reached 21.26%,23.80%,and 19.56%-48.0%,respectively,compared to 4.43%in control.The secondary structure of proteins was disrupted,transitioning from𝛼α-helix to𝛽β-turn and random coil.Meanwhile,much biopolymers were released from solid to the liquid phase.From thermody-namic perspective,sewer sediment deposition was controlled by short-range interfacial interactions described by extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory.Additionally,the separation of organic and inorganic components was positively correlated with the thermodynamic parameters(Corr=0.87),highlighted the robust-ness of various driving forces.And the flocculation energy barriers were 2.40(alkaline),1.60 times(thermal),and 4.02–4.97 times(cation exchange)compared to control group.The findings revealed the contrition differ-ence of direct disintegration of gelatinous biopolymers and indirect breakage of composition connection sites in sediment composition separation,filling the critical gaps in understanding the specific mechanisms of sediment biopolymer disintegration and intermolecular connection breakage.
基金the support of the Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province,China(Grant No.202502AD080007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52378288)。
文摘Vehicle-induced response separation is a crucial issue in structural health monitoring(SHM).This paper proposes a block-wise sliding recursive wavelet transform algorithm to meet the real-time processing requirements of monitoring data.To extend the separation target from a fixed dataset to a continuously updating data stream,a block-wise sliding framework is first developed.This framework is further optimized considering the characteristics of real-time data streams,and its advantage in computational efficiency is theoretically demonstrated.During the decomposition and reconstruction processes,information from neighboring data blocks is fully utilized to reduce algorithmic complexity.In addition,a delay-setting strategy is introduced for each processing window to mitigate boundary effects,thereby balancing accuracy and efficiency.Simulated signal experiments are conducted to determine the optimal delay configuration and to verify the algorithm’s superior performance,achieving a lower Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and only 0.0249 times the average computational time compared with the original algorithm.Furthermore,strain signals from the Lieshi River Bridge are employed to validate the method.The proposed algorithm successfully separates the static trend from vehicle-induced responses in real time across different sampling frequencies,demonstrating its effectiveness and applicability in real-time bridge monitoring.
基金supported by the key project of National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(U22A20551,32030085)the Major Project of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,China(2021hszd015)+2 种基金the Hubei Province Major Science and Technology Special Project,China(2023BBA002)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(U22A20551)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Excellent Youth Fund(32422072)。
文摘Aspergillus species are ubiquitous fungi that produce mycotoxins(secondary metabolites)known as sterigmatocystin and aflatoxins in many different kinds of foods,which leads to serious contamination in agricultural products,thereby endangering human health.Extensive studies on Aspergillus fungi have been conducted on growth and development,aflatoxin biosynthesis,and their interactions with environment.Here,we summarized a series of functional genes of the main Aspergillus fungi relative to toxins occurrence in foods,which revealed the signal transduction mechanisms of their involvement in growth and development,toxin production,and response to light,anticipating providing theoretical guidance on developing control and prevention technologies for mycotoxin contamination in agricultural products to ensure food safety.
基金supported by National Key Technolo-gy R&D Program of China(2023YFD1701505)De-velopment Projects in Anhui Province(2022107020013).
文摘Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant re-newable resource on Earth,boasting advan-tages such as wide avail-ability and negative car-bon emissions.Especial-ly,efficient separation of lignocellulose into cellu-lose,hemicellulose and lignin,and realizing val-orization of these compo-nents are more responsive to the development needs of biomass refinery and the green chem-istry era.This review outlines the main components of lignocellulose and briefly summerizes their utilization in chemical raw materials and energy production.It mainly focused on cur-rent advances in component separation methods of lignocellulose by organic solvents,ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents.The design of separation methods,understanding of sepa-ration mechanisms,and optimization of reaction systems in each method are highlighted in detail.Furthermore,the ongoing challenges and future directions based on mechanism and in-dustrialization are critically discussed.Our goal is to elucidate the separation mechanisms and principles of method design,providing guidance for the development of highly efficient com-ponent separation methods of lignocellulose.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC0862903)Supported by Jiangsu Future Membrane Technology Innovation Center(BM2021804)National Foreign Expert Program(H20240294).
文摘To develop an efficient filter for removing white blood cells from whole blood,hydrophilic large-pore blended membranes of poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF),polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol,with good biocompatibility,were prepared using the process of vapor-induced phase separation at various PVDF concentrations.The results demonstrated that at a PVDF mass concentration of 14%,the membrane had increased surface roughness,significantly enhanced hydrophilicity and wettability,and a wetting time of 8 s.The surface roughness of the membrane was also reduced to 31.637 nm.Furthermore,hemolysis rate and protein adsorption tests indicated that the blended membranes possessed excellent biocompatibility.They were reduced to 2.48%and 34.44μg·cm^(−2),respectively.The pore size of the fabricated membrane was relatively large,which reached approximately 8μm respectively,satisfying the filtration requirements.Lastly,the effects of different temperatures and multi-layered filters on leukocyte removal and the retention of red blood cells and platelets from whole blood were evaluated.The results revealed that the leukocyte removal rate was highest at 4℃ and with three membrane layers,the leukocyte removal rate was highest,reaching 98.36%,while the RBC and platelet content remained nearly unchanged compared with the original blood.This study provides a new approach for blood cell separation that is expected to play a significant role in medical fields such as blood transfusion demonstrating great potential for application and innovation.
基金supported by National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,grant nos.BJ-2025-122,BJ2023-126CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS),grant no.2021-I2M-1050National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant no.82170956。
文摘Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),a disease responsible for early mortality worldwide,is well accepted to be associated with periodontitis epidemiologically.Although both of the diseases are the multi-microbial inflammatory disease,the precise underlying mechanisms by which periodontitis influences the progression of COPD remains largely unknown.Here,we established COPD accompanied with periodontitis mouse models and observed the pronounced progress in pulmonary symptoms and histopathology,cha racterized by poorer respiratory function,thicke ned bronchial walls,and increased neutrophils infiltration in lung tissue.Mechanistically,periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)relocated in the lung through the respiratory tract and LPS from P.gingivalis promoted the secretion of chemokines CXCL2 and G-CSF of alveolar epithelial cells through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways to recruit neutrophils.Furthermore,exposure to P.gingivalis of infiltrated neutrophils released matrix metallopeptidase-8(MMP-8)and neutrophil elastase(NE),which aggravated airway inflammation and tissue damage.These findings indicated that periodontitis could exacerbate COPD via its pathogen P.gingivalis,which translocated in the lung and stimulated neutrophil chemotaxis and activation in the lung.
