Under the backdrop of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(dual carbon)goal in China,the methane-carbon dioxide reforming reaction has attracted considerable attention due to its environmental benefits of converting t...Under the backdrop of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(dual carbon)goal in China,the methane-carbon dioxide reforming reaction has attracted considerable attention due to its environmental benefits of converting two greenhouse gases(methane and carbon dioxide)into syngas and its promising industrial applications.Nickel(Ni)-based catalysts,with high catalytic activity,low cost,and abundant resources,are considered ideal candidates for industrial applications.In this article,three reaction kinetic models were briefly introduced,namely the Power-Law(PL)model,the Eley-Rideal(ER)model,and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson(LHHW)model.Based on the LHHW model,the reaction kinetics and mechanisms of different catalytic systems were systematically discussed,including the properties of supports,the doping of noble metals and transition metals,the role of promoters,and the influence of the geometric and electronic structures of Ni on the reaction mechanism.Furthermore,the kinetics of carbon deposition and elimination on various catalysts were analyzed.Based on the reaction rate expressions for carbon elimination,the reasons for the high activity of transition metal iron(Fe)-doped catalysts and core-shell structured catalysts in carbon elimination were explained.Based on the detailed collation and comparative analysis of the reaction mechanisms and kinetic characteristics across diverse Ni-based catalytic systems,a theoretical guidance for the designing of high-performance catalysts was provided in this work.展开更多
The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)has placed significant pressure on universities to rethink how they train software engineering students.Tools like GitHub Copilot can now generate basic code in seco...The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)has placed significant pressure on universities to rethink how they train software engineering students.Tools like GitHub Copilot can now generate basic code in seconds.This raises important questions:What is the value of traditional programming education?What role should instructors play when AI becomes a powerful teaching assistant?How should the goals of software engineering programs change as companies increasingly use AI to handle coding tasks?This paper explores the key challenges AI brings to software engineering education and proposes practical strategies for updating talent development models to meet these changes.展开更多
To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was struct...To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was structured around a project titled"Influenza Virus Analysis",comprising four progressive modules:database utilization and information retrieval,sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,functional and structural prediction,and omics data analysis.These modules were integrated into a coherent research workflow that connected fragmented knowledge and technical skills.During implementation,flipped classroom and group collaboration methods were employed,alongside the establishment of a diversified assessment system emphasizing process evaluation.Teaching practice indicates that the reform effectively enhances students professional application skills,learning experience,and scientific literacy,facilitating a shift from"tool operation"to"problem-solving"capabilities.This study provides a reference model for the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching in local universities.展开更多
Sintering and coking are critical barriers to achieving high performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM)catalysts.A finely dispersed and thermostable Ni-based catalyst is the key to address these issues.By leveraging...Sintering and coking are critical barriers to achieving high performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM)catalysts.A finely dispersed and thermostable Ni-based catalyst is the key to address these issues.By leveraging the intrinsic superiorities of high-entropy oxides in high-temperature stability and low atomic diffusivity,in this study,a highly dispersed Ni-based catalyst is synthesized via an entropycontrolled exsolution of active components.By increasing the number of transition-metal elements in spinel oxides,the active metalsupport interaction(MSI)can be continuously strengthened,which controls the exsolution and thermal stability of Ni-based active metal in harsh reaction conditions of DRM.An optimized medium-entropy spinel(Mg_(0.4)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.2))Al_(2)O_(4)with the exsolution of finely dispersed Ni–Co nanoparticles displayed superior activity and stability in thermal DRM at 800°C and photothermal DRM.This entropy-controlled MSI and exsolution principle provides a significant strategy for designing robust catalysts resistant to sintering and coking for high-temperature reactions like DRM in thermal and photothermal systems.展开更多
Methanol steam reforming(MSR)represents a promising route for hydrogen production,leveraging the high energy density and liquid-phase storage advantages of methanol.Copper-based catalysts have become indispensable for...Methanol steam reforming(MSR)represents a promising route for hydrogen production,leveraging the high energy density and liquid-phase storage advantages of methanol.Copper-based catalysts have become indispensable for MSR due to their cost-effectiveness,exceptional catalytic activity,and tunable selectivity.However,persistent challenges such as thermal sintering,undesirable CO byproduct formation,diminished low-temperature reactivity,and long-term catalyst deactivation limit their broad industrial deployment.This review comprehensively examines the mechanistic pathways of MSR over Cu-based catalysts,with particular focus on differentiating catalyst formulations optimized for high-temperature(>200°C)versus low-temperature(<200°C)operation.It highlights the decisive influence of Cu nanoparticle size,electronic structure,and crystal structure on catalytic performance.Cutting-edge design strategies,including multi-element engineering,innovative synthesis techniques,and deactivation mitigation,are critically evaluated to elucidate mechanistic connections between atomic-scale structure and catalytic performance enhancement.Finally,industrial applications of commercial Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3)variants and their scalability challenges are discussed,alongside prospective strategies for catalyst innovation and engineering to advance next-generation hydrogen production.展开更多
In the current teaching of Remote Sensing Science and Technology in higher education institutions,educators must recognize the significant impact and promotional role of artificial intelligence technology on the disci...In the current teaching of Remote Sensing Science and Technology in higher education institutions,educators must recognize the significant impact and promotional role of artificial intelligence technology on the discipline.This necessitates a comprehensive and deep-rooted reform of the entire curriculum system and places higher demands on talent cultivation.Traditional teaching methods in this field often face prominent challenges,including inadequate technological integration,underdeveloped teaching resources,and insufficient cultivation of students practical abilities.To address these issues,it is imperative for educators to fully understand how to correctly develop and innovate remote sensing pedagogy in the era of AI.This paper proposes targeted reform strategies focusing on faculty development,curriculum system optimization,teaching resource enrichment,and practical training models.The goal is to attract more students to choose and develop a passion for this major,enabling them to achieve professional success and become highly-skilled talents equipped with interdisciplinary awareness,innovative thinking,and strong practical abilities.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of innovative talent training in the industry field in characteristic software colleges,combined with the actual situation of Software College of Northeastern University,this paper analyzes the c...Aiming at the problem of innovative talent training in the industry field in characteristic software colleges,combined with the actual situation of Software College of Northeastern University,this paper analyzes the construction requirements of characteristic talent training mode and training scheme,puts forward the reform of characteristic software innovative talent training scheme integrating production and education,and takes the characteristic direction of financial technology as an example to introduce the curriculum construction based on industry-education integration and school-enterprise cooperation.展开更多
Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This pap...Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the current teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses,discusses the necessity of reforming the teaching model under the context of integration,and proposes the construction of a"Dual-Capability Progression,Six-Dimensional Empowerment"teaching model.The aim is to enhance the teaching quality of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses and cultivate high-quality skilled talents in Chinese medicine processing who can meet industry demands.展开更多
A 10%Ni/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst was prepared for dry reforming of methane.Sphericalγ-Al_(2)O_(3)particles having an average particle size of 60μm were used as the support and an iso-volume impregnation method was emp...A 10%Ni/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst was prepared for dry reforming of methane.Sphericalγ-Al_(2)O_(3)particles having an average particle size of 60μm were used as the support and an iso-volume impregnation method was employed for the preparation.All activity-evaluation tests were conducted in a fluidized-bed quartz reactor at 0.1 MPa and variable temperatures and space velocities for 600 min.The results of the tests revealed that at 750℃ the catalyst activity showed an obviously accelerated decrease trend with the increase of space velocity.Ther-mogravimetric analysis of the spent catalysts revealed,however,that little carbon deposit formed in those spent samples that had experienced faster decreases in activity at higher space velocities.While these two facts together deny the possibility of carbon deposition leading to the accelerated activity decline at 750℃and high space velocities,increasing the CO_(2)/CH_(4)ratio of the feed was demonstrated to further accelerate the activity decrease.Meanwhile,XRD and XPS analyses of the spent catalyst samples revealed that oxidative transformation of metallic Ni in catalyst to Ni_(x)O(x≤1)species did occur in the reforming in the feed of CO_(2)/CH_(4)=1.5.All these results together have strongly revealed,for the first time,a conclusion as follows:it was the gradual oxidative transformation of active Ni sites in 10%Ni/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst to inactive Ni oxide species to cause a continuous decline of its dry reforming activity in fluidized-bed operation mode and at 750℃ and high space velocity condition.展开更多
The modeling technique of hydrodynamic torque converter flow passage was investigated. The semi-automatic modeling technique of torque converter flow passage was proposed. The flow passage model of each converter whee...The modeling technique of hydrodynamic torque converter flow passage was investigated. The semi-automatic modeling technique of torque converter flow passage was proposed. The flow passage model of each converter wheel is considered as a revolution entity sliced by two curved surfaces. In order to generate the revolution entity, a new approximation method, condition optimum arc approximation, was proposed. The method was used to approximate the meridional streamlines of the inner and outer wall. As a result, the three-dimensional revolution entity can be conveniently generated. In order to create slice surfaces, the central stream surface of flow passage was approximated with a quadric surface. The normal vector of the quadric surface and the thickness/thickness-function of bade were used to calculate the discrete point coordinates of blade surfaces. Via the rotation transformation to the coordinates, the discrete point coordinates of slice surfaces were obtained. A parameterized program code used for the hydrodynamic torque converter design and semi-automatic modeling was developed. Modeling errors were calculated and analyzed. The flow passage model was generated in several minutes with the help of the program code, Auto CAD and Solidworks software. Finally, the model was inputted into Gambit, and the pre-processing task used for the numerical simulation of torque converter flow field was successfully completed. The investigation results show that the semi-automatic modeling not only can ensure the accuracy of modeling, but also librates the research and design workers of torque converter from the time-consuming modeling work, which paves the way for the numerical simulation of the complex flow field of the hydrodynamic torque converter.展开更多
提出了一种基于PiReformer的风功率预测模型。首先,针对海量高维传感器捕获的数据,提出融合F检验、互信息与方差分析的特征筛选方法,将3类方法提取的特征融合后输入后续预测模型。进一步,在现有Reformer模型的基础上,对嵌入层进行转置...提出了一种基于PiReformer的风功率预测模型。首先,针对海量高维传感器捕获的数据,提出融合F检验、互信息与方差分析的特征筛选方法,将3类方法提取的特征融合后输入后续预测模型。进一步,在现有Reformer模型的基础上,对嵌入层进行转置改进并引入随机噪声,显著提升了模型性能;同时,提出改进的前馈层网络,基于门控线性单元(gated linear unit,GLU)改进单一全连接层,增强对非线性特征的提取能力。此外,模型具备反向残差结构及局部敏感哈希(locality sensitive Hashing,LSH)注意力模块。将所提方法应用于实际风电场的风功率预测,相较于现有模型,取得了更高精度的预测结果。展开更多
The objective of this work is to propose a semi-automatic methodology for the creation of a semidetailed to detailed watershed’s soil map. This methodological proposal is based on the traditional method (field work a...The objective of this work is to propose a semi-automatic methodology for the creation of a semidetailed to detailed watershed’s soil map. This methodological proposal is based on the traditional method (field work and photo interpretation) and on morphometric variables analysis, using data originated from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) program. The steps taken through this methodological proposal were the identification of the hydromorphic areas boundaries through interpretation of aerial orthophotographs;the compartmentalization of the relief through color composition techniques using the morphometric variables—slope, altimetry and horizontal curvature;the development of a pedological database based on data gathered in the field;the elaboration of a preliminary soil map based on the compartmentalized relief and on the dataset of the soils sampled in the field;the elaboration and adjustment of the final soil map according to the interpretation of aerial photographs and also the physical and chemical analyses of the soils. This semi-automatic methodology demonstrated improved efficiency in defining the soil units, reducing operation time and subjectivity of the process, thereby contributing to the systematization of soil mapping at watershed level in scale 1:50,000, as well as, promoting better knowledge between the relation of the geomorphic and soil variables in the Brazilian Savanna Cerrado.展开更多
There is a rapid rise in cybercrime cases. There does not exist any effective forensic methods to deal with these eybercrime cases. Investigators are required to study the details of a large amount of tedious source i...There is a rapid rise in cybercrime cases. There does not exist any effective forensic methods to deal with these eybercrime cases. Investigators are required to study the details of a large amount of tedious source in order to understand the crime model and dig out the evidence. This requires a lot of effort and may result in human errors. In order to overcome these potential errors that may cause by the investigators, we propose a semi-automatic approach that integrates the user view （based on a high level study of the forensic investigator） and the system view （based on the automatic analysis of the source codes） to assist investigators in refining the scope of the investigation. The approach has been verified using a real cybercrime case and the method has been shown to be effective in assisting the investigators in refining the scope of investigation and understanding the crime model. The semi-automatic approach has improved the efficiency and reliability of the digital forensic analysis of cybercrime cases involving large volume of digital evidence from multiple sources.展开更多
This paper proposed a new method of semi-automatic extraction for semantic structures from unlabelled corpora in specific domains. The approach is statistical in nature. The extracted structures can be used for shallo...This paper proposed a new method of semi-automatic extraction for semantic structures from unlabelled corpora in specific domains. The approach is statistical in nature. The extracted structures can be used for shallow parsing and semantic labeling. By iteratively extracting new words and clustering words, we get an inital semantic lexicon that groups words of the same semantic meaning together as a class. After that, a bootstrapping algorithm is adopted to extract semantic structures. Then the semantic structures are used to extract new展开更多
The reform stems from honesty and determination. Since 2005, organ donation and transplantation in China has undergone thorough reform, which complies with legislation requirements and ethical principles established b...The reform stems from honesty and determination. Since 2005, organ donation and transplantation in China has undergone thorough reform, which complies with legislation requirements and ethical principles established by the World Health Organization(WHO). Reform in China has demonstrated the unwavering confidence and utmost determination of the Chinese government and the Chinese transplantation community. The year 2015 marked a historic turning point when voluntary donations from Chinese citizens became the sole legitimate source for organ transplantation. Since 2015, China has gradually established and refined the “Chinese Mode” and “China System” for organ donation and transplantation, fulfilling its political pledge of reform, and has garnered international recognition, and fostered a social culture which promotes organ donation. This article reviewed the history of reform on organ donation and transplantation in China, presented a new pattern of establishment of organ donation system in the new era of the country, and the direction of advances in the future.展开更多
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,deep learning,as one of its core technologies,occupies an important position in the cultivation of applied talents.Based on the concept of integration o...With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,deep learning,as one of its core technologies,occupies an important position in the cultivation of applied talents.Based on the concept of integration of industry and education,this paper proposes a systematic teaching reform plan to address the issues of disconnection between theory and practice,single teaching methods,and insufficient practical resources in the deep learning courses for professional master’s students at our university.Through deep cooperation with Huawei Cloud Technologies Co.,Ltd.,we introduce cutting-edge theoretical content(such as GoogleNet,ResNet,Transformer,BERT,etc.),update practical cases(covering computer vision,natural language processing,and smart manufacturing),and adopt a case-led comprehensive teaching method combined with the online and offline hybrid practical platform ModelArts to promote the close integration of theory and practice.Simultaneously,a diversified evaluation system with practice as the core is constructed to comprehensively assess students’practical abilities and project execution levels.The research in this paper provides a valuable reference for the innovation of teaching modes and the cultivation of practical abilities in deep learning courses in higher education institutions.展开更多
With ongoing global warming and increasing energy demands,the CH_(4)-CO_(2)reforming reaction(dry reforming of methane,DRM)has garnered significant attention as a promising carbon capture and utilization technology.Ni...With ongoing global warming and increasing energy demands,the CH_(4)-CO_(2)reforming reaction(dry reforming of methane,DRM)has garnered significant attention as a promising carbon capture and utilization technology.Nickel-based catalysts are renowned for their outstanding activity and selectivity in this process.The impact of metal-support interaction(MSI),on Ni-based catalyst performance has been extensively researched and debated recently.This paper reviews the recent research progress of MSI on Ni-based catalysts and their characterization and modulation strategies in catalytic reactions.From the perspective of MSI,the effects of different carriers(metal oxides,carbon materials and molecular sieves,etc.)are introduced on the dispersion and surface structure of Ni active metal particles,and the effect of MSI on the activity and stability of DRM reactions on Ni-based catalysts is discussed in detail.Future research should focus on better understanding and controlling MSI to improve the performance and durability of nickel-based catalysts in CH_(4)-CO_(2)reforming,advancing cleaner energy technologies.展开更多
Purpose:We aimed to measure the variation in researchers’knowledge and attitudes towards bibliometric indicators.The focus is on mapping the heterogeneity of this metric-wiseness within and between disciplines.Design...Purpose:We aimed to measure the variation in researchers’knowledge and attitudes towards bibliometric indicators.The focus is on mapping the heterogeneity of this metric-wiseness within and between disciplines.Design/methodology/approach:An exploratory survey is administered to researchers at the Sapienza University of Rome,one of Europe’s oldest and largest generalist universities.To measure metric-wiseness,we use attitude statements that are evaluated by a 5-point Likert scale.Moreover,we analyze documents of recent initiatives on assessment reform to shed light on how researchers’heterogeneous attitudes regarding and knowledge of bibliometric indicators are taken into account.Findings:We found great heterogeneity in researchers’metric-wiseness across scientific disciplines.In addition,within each discipline,we observed both supporters and critics of bibliometric indicators.From the document analysis,we found no reference to individual heterogeneity concerning researchers’metric wiseness.Research limitations:We used a self-selected sample of researchers from one Italian university as an exploratory case.Further research is needed to check the generalizability of our findings.Practical implications:To gain sufficient support for research evaluation practices,it is key to consider researchers’diverse attitudes towards indicators.Originality/value:We contribute to the current debate on reforming research assessment by providing a novel empirical measurement of researchers’knowledge and attitudes towards bibliometric indicators and discussing the importance of the obtained results for improving current research evaluation systems.展开更多
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,the teaching mode in the field of education is undergoing profound changes.Especially the design and implementation of personalized learning paths ha...With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,the teaching mode in the field of education is undergoing profound changes.Especially the design and implementation of personalized learning paths have become an important direction of intelligent teaching reform.The traditional“one-size-fits-all”teaching model has gradually failed to meet the individualized learning needs of students.However,through the advantages of data analysis and real-time feedback,AI technology can provide tailor-made teaching content and learning paths based on students’learning progress,interests,and abilities.This study explores the innovation of the personalized learning path model based on AI technology,and analyzes the potential and challenges of this model in improving teaching effectiveness,promoting the all-round development of students,and optimizing the interaction between teachers and students.Through case analysis and empirical research,this paper summarizes the implementation methods of the AI-driven personalized learning path,the innovation of teaching models,and their application prospects in educational reform.Meanwhile,the research also discussed the ethical issues of AI technology in education,data privacy protection,and its impact on the teacher-student relationship,and proposed corresponding solutions.展开更多
China’s healthcare system faces increasing challenges,including surging medical costs,resource allocation imbalances favoring large hospitals,and ineffective referral mechanisms.The lack of a unified strategy integra...China’s healthcare system faces increasing challenges,including surging medical costs,resource allocation imbalances favoring large hospitals,and ineffective referral mechanisms.The lack of a unified strategy integrating standardized coverage with personalized payment compounds these issues.To this end,this study proposes a risk-sharing reform strategy that combines equal coverage for the same disease(ECSD)with an individualized out-of-pocket(I-OOP)model.Specifically,the study employs a Markov model to capture patient transitions across health states and care levels.The findings show that ECSD and I-OOP enhance equity by standardizing disease coverage while tailoring costs to patient income and facility type.This approach alleviates demand on high-tier hospitals,promoting primary care utilization and enabling balanced resource distribution.The study’s findings provide a reference for policymakers and healthcare administrators by presenting a scalable framework that is aligned with China’s development goals with the aim of fostering an efficient,sustainable healthcare system that is adaptable to regional needs.展开更多
基金Supported by Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2024RS-CXTD-53,2024ZC-KJXX-096)the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(2022QCY-LL-69)Xi’an Science and Technology Project(24GXFW0089)。
文摘Under the backdrop of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(dual carbon)goal in China,the methane-carbon dioxide reforming reaction has attracted considerable attention due to its environmental benefits of converting two greenhouse gases(methane and carbon dioxide)into syngas and its promising industrial applications.Nickel(Ni)-based catalysts,with high catalytic activity,low cost,and abundant resources,are considered ideal candidates for industrial applications.In this article,three reaction kinetic models were briefly introduced,namely the Power-Law(PL)model,the Eley-Rideal(ER)model,and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson(LHHW)model.Based on the LHHW model,the reaction kinetics and mechanisms of different catalytic systems were systematically discussed,including the properties of supports,the doping of noble metals and transition metals,the role of promoters,and the influence of the geometric and electronic structures of Ni on the reaction mechanism.Furthermore,the kinetics of carbon deposition and elimination on various catalysts were analyzed.Based on the reaction rate expressions for carbon elimination,the reasons for the high activity of transition metal iron(Fe)-doped catalysts and core-shell structured catalysts in carbon elimination were explained.Based on the detailed collation and comparative analysis of the reaction mechanisms and kinetic characteristics across diverse Ni-based catalytic systems,a theoretical guidance for the designing of high-performance catalysts was provided in this work.
基金supported in part by the Northeastern University’s 2024 Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project:Innovation and Practice of Professional Course Teaching Paradigms in the Context of Digital Education.
文摘The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)has placed significant pressure on universities to rethink how they train software engineering students.Tools like GitHub Copilot can now generate basic code in seconds.This raises important questions:What is the value of traditional programming education?What role should instructors play when AI becomes a powerful teaching assistant?How should the goals of software engineering programs change as companies increasingly use AI to handle coding tasks?This paper explores the key challenges AI brings to software engineering education and proposes practical strategies for updating talent development models to meet these changes.
基金Supported by Undergraduate Higher Education Teaching Quality and Reform Projects of Guangdong Province(Yuejiao Gao Han[2024]No.9,Yuejiao Gao Han[2024]No.30)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515110973)+1 种基金Guangdong Provincial Young Innovative Talents Project of General Colleges and Universities(2023KQNCX089)Quality Engineering and Teaching Reform Projects of Zhaoqing University(zlgc202239,zlgc202207,zlgc2024005,zlgc2024038).
文摘To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was structured around a project titled"Influenza Virus Analysis",comprising four progressive modules:database utilization and information retrieval,sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,functional and structural prediction,and omics data analysis.These modules were integrated into a coherent research workflow that connected fragmented knowledge and technical skills.During implementation,flipped classroom and group collaboration methods were employed,alongside the establishment of a diversified assessment system emphasizing process evaluation.Teaching practice indicates that the reform effectively enhances students professional application skills,learning experience,and scientific literacy,facilitating a shift from"tool operation"to"problem-solving"capabilities.This study provides a reference model for the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching in local universities.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4104600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52572313)+1 种基金Tangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202007)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission under Grant No.20231120185819001。
文摘Sintering and coking are critical barriers to achieving high performance in dry reforming of methane(DRM)catalysts.A finely dispersed and thermostable Ni-based catalyst is the key to address these issues.By leveraging the intrinsic superiorities of high-entropy oxides in high-temperature stability and low atomic diffusivity,in this study,a highly dispersed Ni-based catalyst is synthesized via an entropycontrolled exsolution of active components.By increasing the number of transition-metal elements in spinel oxides,the active metalsupport interaction(MSI)can be continuously strengthened,which controls the exsolution and thermal stability of Ni-based active metal in harsh reaction conditions of DRM.An optimized medium-entropy spinel(Mg_(0.4)Ni_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.2))Al_(2)O_(4)with the exsolution of finely dispersed Ni–Co nanoparticles displayed superior activity and stability in thermal DRM at 800°C and photothermal DRM.This entropy-controlled MSI and exsolution principle provides a significant strategy for designing robust catalysts resistant to sintering and coking for high-temperature reactions like DRM in thermal and photothermal systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22208374)the Excellent Youth Scientist Award Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2024YQ009)+2 种基金the Distinguished Young Scholars of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22322814)CNPC Innovation Found(2022DQ02-0607)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.24CX07006A).
文摘Methanol steam reforming(MSR)represents a promising route for hydrogen production,leveraging the high energy density and liquid-phase storage advantages of methanol.Copper-based catalysts have become indispensable for MSR due to their cost-effectiveness,exceptional catalytic activity,and tunable selectivity.However,persistent challenges such as thermal sintering,undesirable CO byproduct formation,diminished low-temperature reactivity,and long-term catalyst deactivation limit their broad industrial deployment.This review comprehensively examines the mechanistic pathways of MSR over Cu-based catalysts,with particular focus on differentiating catalyst formulations optimized for high-temperature(>200°C)versus low-temperature(<200°C)operation.It highlights the decisive influence of Cu nanoparticle size,electronic structure,and crystal structure on catalytic performance.Cutting-edge design strategies,including multi-element engineering,innovative synthesis techniques,and deactivation mitigation,are critically evaluated to elucidate mechanistic connections between atomic-scale structure and catalytic performance enhancement.Finally,industrial applications of commercial Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3)variants and their scalability challenges are discussed,alongside prospective strategies for catalyst innovation and engineering to advance next-generation hydrogen production.
文摘In the current teaching of Remote Sensing Science and Technology in higher education institutions,educators must recognize the significant impact and promotional role of artificial intelligence technology on the discipline.This necessitates a comprehensive and deep-rooted reform of the entire curriculum system and places higher demands on talent cultivation.Traditional teaching methods in this field often face prominent challenges,including inadequate technological integration,underdeveloped teaching resources,and insufficient cultivation of students practical abilities.To address these issues,it is imperative for educators to fully understand how to correctly develop and innovate remote sensing pedagogy in the era of AI.This paper proposes targeted reform strategies focusing on faculty development,curriculum system optimization,teaching resource enrichment,and practical training models.The goal is to attract more students to choose and develop a passion for this major,enabling them to achieve professional success and become highly-skilled talents equipped with interdisciplinary awareness,innovative thinking,and strong practical abilities.
文摘Aiming at the problem of innovative talent training in the industry field in characteristic software colleges,combined with the actual situation of Software College of Northeastern University,this paper analyzes the construction requirements of characteristic talent training mode and training scheme,puts forward the reform of characteristic software innovative talent training scheme integrating production and education,and takes the characteristic direction of financial technology as an example to introduce the curriculum construction based on industry-education integration and school-enterprise cooperation.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2025J1950).
文摘Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the current teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses,discusses the necessity of reforming the teaching model under the context of integration,and proposes the construction of a"Dual-Capability Progression,Six-Dimensional Empowerment"teaching model.The aim is to enhance the teaching quality of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses and cultivate high-quality skilled talents in Chinese medicine processing who can meet industry demands.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20316).
文摘A 10%Ni/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst was prepared for dry reforming of methane.Sphericalγ-Al_(2)O_(3)particles having an average particle size of 60μm were used as the support and an iso-volume impregnation method was employed for the preparation.All activity-evaluation tests were conducted in a fluidized-bed quartz reactor at 0.1 MPa and variable temperatures and space velocities for 600 min.The results of the tests revealed that at 750℃ the catalyst activity showed an obviously accelerated decrease trend with the increase of space velocity.Ther-mogravimetric analysis of the spent catalysts revealed,however,that little carbon deposit formed in those spent samples that had experienced faster decreases in activity at higher space velocities.While these two facts together deny the possibility of carbon deposition leading to the accelerated activity decline at 750℃and high space velocities,increasing the CO_(2)/CH_(4)ratio of the feed was demonstrated to further accelerate the activity decrease.Meanwhile,XRD and XPS analyses of the spent catalyst samples revealed that oxidative transformation of metallic Ni in catalyst to Ni_(x)O(x≤1)species did occur in the reforming in the feed of CO_(2)/CH_(4)=1.5.All these results together have strongly revealed,for the first time,a conclusion as follows:it was the gradual oxidative transformation of active Ni sites in 10%Ni/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst to inactive Ni oxide species to cause a continuous decline of its dry reforming activity in fluidized-bed operation mode and at 750℃ and high space velocity condition.
文摘The modeling technique of hydrodynamic torque converter flow passage was investigated. The semi-automatic modeling technique of torque converter flow passage was proposed. The flow passage model of each converter wheel is considered as a revolution entity sliced by two curved surfaces. In order to generate the revolution entity, a new approximation method, condition optimum arc approximation, was proposed. The method was used to approximate the meridional streamlines of the inner and outer wall. As a result, the three-dimensional revolution entity can be conveniently generated. In order to create slice surfaces, the central stream surface of flow passage was approximated with a quadric surface. The normal vector of the quadric surface and the thickness/thickness-function of bade were used to calculate the discrete point coordinates of blade surfaces. Via the rotation transformation to the coordinates, the discrete point coordinates of slice surfaces were obtained. A parameterized program code used for the hydrodynamic torque converter design and semi-automatic modeling was developed. Modeling errors were calculated and analyzed. The flow passage model was generated in several minutes with the help of the program code, Auto CAD and Solidworks software. Finally, the model was inputted into Gambit, and the pre-processing task used for the numerical simulation of torque converter flow field was successfully completed. The investigation results show that the semi-automatic modeling not only can ensure the accuracy of modeling, but also librates the research and design workers of torque converter from the time-consuming modeling work, which paves the way for the numerical simulation of the complex flow field of the hydrodynamic torque converter.
文摘提出了一种基于PiReformer的风功率预测模型。首先,针对海量高维传感器捕获的数据,提出融合F检验、互信息与方差分析的特征筛选方法,将3类方法提取的特征融合后输入后续预测模型。进一步,在现有Reformer模型的基础上,对嵌入层进行转置改进并引入随机噪声,显著提升了模型性能;同时,提出改进的前馈层网络,基于门控线性单元(gated linear unit,GLU)改进单一全连接层,增强对非线性特征的提取能力。此外,模型具备反向残差结构及局部敏感哈希(locality sensitive Hashing,LSH)注意力模块。将所提方法应用于实际风电场的风功率预测,相较于现有模型,取得了更高精度的预测结果。
文摘The objective of this work is to propose a semi-automatic methodology for the creation of a semidetailed to detailed watershed’s soil map. This methodological proposal is based on the traditional method (field work and photo interpretation) and on morphometric variables analysis, using data originated from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) program. The steps taken through this methodological proposal were the identification of the hydromorphic areas boundaries through interpretation of aerial orthophotographs;the compartmentalization of the relief through color composition techniques using the morphometric variables—slope, altimetry and horizontal curvature;the development of a pedological database based on data gathered in the field;the elaboration of a preliminary soil map based on the compartmentalized relief and on the dataset of the soils sampled in the field;the elaboration and adjustment of the final soil map according to the interpretation of aerial photographs and also the physical and chemical analyses of the soils. This semi-automatic methodology demonstrated improved efficiency in defining the soil units, reducing operation time and subjectivity of the process, thereby contributing to the systematization of soil mapping at watershed level in scale 1:50,000, as well as, promoting better knowledge between the relation of the geomorphic and soil variables in the Brazilian Savanna Cerrado.
文摘There is a rapid rise in cybercrime cases. There does not exist any effective forensic methods to deal with these eybercrime cases. Investigators are required to study the details of a large amount of tedious source in order to understand the crime model and dig out the evidence. This requires a lot of effort and may result in human errors. In order to overcome these potential errors that may cause by the investigators, we propose a semi-automatic approach that integrates the user view （based on a high level study of the forensic investigator） and the system view （based on the automatic analysis of the source codes） to assist investigators in refining the scope of the investigation. The approach has been verified using a real cybercrime case and the method has been shown to be effective in assisting the investigators in refining the scope of investigation and understanding the crime model. The semi-automatic approach has improved the efficiency and reliability of the digital forensic analysis of cybercrime cases involving large volume of digital evidence from multiple sources.
文摘This paper proposed a new method of semi-automatic extraction for semantic structures from unlabelled corpora in specific domains. The approach is statistical in nature. The extracted structures can be used for shallow parsing and semantic labeling. By iteratively extracting new words and clustering words, we get an inital semantic lexicon that groups words of the same semantic meaning together as a class. After that, a bootstrapping algorithm is adopted to extract semantic structures. Then the semantic structures are used to extract new
文摘The reform stems from honesty and determination. Since 2005, organ donation and transplantation in China has undergone thorough reform, which complies with legislation requirements and ethical principles established by the World Health Organization(WHO). Reform in China has demonstrated the unwavering confidence and utmost determination of the Chinese government and the Chinese transplantation community. The year 2015 marked a historic turning point when voluntary donations from Chinese citizens became the sole legitimate source for organ transplantation. Since 2015, China has gradually established and refined the “Chinese Mode” and “China System” for organ donation and transplantation, fulfilling its political pledge of reform, and has garnered international recognition, and fostered a social culture which promotes organ donation. This article reviewed the history of reform on organ donation and transplantation in China, presented a new pattern of establishment of organ donation system in the new era of the country, and the direction of advances in the future.
基金Ministry of Education Industry-Education Cooperation and Collaborative Education Project“Tool Abnormality Detection in the Field of Smart Manufacturing Based on Ascend AI Cloud Services”(241100007143750)Dalian Jiaotong University Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Education Teaching Reform Research Project“Research on the Reform of the Curriculum System of Software Engineering Integrating Artificial Intelligence Under the Background of New Engineering”(010702)。
文摘With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,deep learning,as one of its core technologies,occupies an important position in the cultivation of applied talents.Based on the concept of integration of industry and education,this paper proposes a systematic teaching reform plan to address the issues of disconnection between theory and practice,single teaching methods,and insufficient practical resources in the deep learning courses for professional master’s students at our university.Through deep cooperation with Huawei Cloud Technologies Co.,Ltd.,we introduce cutting-edge theoretical content(such as GoogleNet,ResNet,Transformer,BERT,etc.),update practical cases(covering computer vision,natural language processing,and smart manufacturing),and adopt a case-led comprehensive teaching method combined with the online and offline hybrid practical platform ModelArts to promote the close integration of theory and practice.Simultaneously,a diversified evaluation system with practice as the core is constructed to comprehensively assess students’practical abilities and project execution levels.The research in this paper provides a valuable reference for the innovation of teaching modes and the cultivation of practical abilities in deep learning courses in higher education institutions.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202203021221155)the Foundation of National Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Low Carbon Utilization of Coal(J23-24-902)。
文摘With ongoing global warming and increasing energy demands,the CH_(4)-CO_(2)reforming reaction(dry reforming of methane,DRM)has garnered significant attention as a promising carbon capture and utilization technology.Nickel-based catalysts are renowned for their outstanding activity and selectivity in this process.The impact of metal-support interaction(MSI),on Ni-based catalyst performance has been extensively researched and debated recently.This paper reviews the recent research progress of MSI on Ni-based catalysts and their characterization and modulation strategies in catalytic reactions.From the perspective of MSI,the effects of different carriers(metal oxides,carbon materials and molecular sieves,etc.)are introduced on the dispersion and surface structure of Ni active metal particles,and the effect of MSI on the activity and stability of DRM reactions on Ni-based catalysts is discussed in detail.Future research should focus on better understanding and controlling MSI to improve the performance and durability of nickel-based catalysts in CH_(4)-CO_(2)reforming,advancing cleaner energy technologies.
基金supported by the Sapienza Universitàdi Roma Sapienza Awards no.6H15XNFS.
文摘Purpose:We aimed to measure the variation in researchers’knowledge and attitudes towards bibliometric indicators.The focus is on mapping the heterogeneity of this metric-wiseness within and between disciplines.Design/methodology/approach:An exploratory survey is administered to researchers at the Sapienza University of Rome,one of Europe’s oldest and largest generalist universities.To measure metric-wiseness,we use attitude statements that are evaluated by a 5-point Likert scale.Moreover,we analyze documents of recent initiatives on assessment reform to shed light on how researchers’heterogeneous attitudes regarding and knowledge of bibliometric indicators are taken into account.Findings:We found great heterogeneity in researchers’metric-wiseness across scientific disciplines.In addition,within each discipline,we observed both supporters and critics of bibliometric indicators.From the document analysis,we found no reference to individual heterogeneity concerning researchers’metric wiseness.Research limitations:We used a self-selected sample of researchers from one Italian university as an exploratory case.Further research is needed to check the generalizability of our findings.Practical implications:To gain sufficient support for research evaluation practices,it is key to consider researchers’diverse attitudes towards indicators.Originality/value:We contribute to the current debate on reforming research assessment by providing a novel empirical measurement of researchers’knowledge and attitudes towards bibliometric indicators and discussing the importance of the obtained results for improving current research evaluation systems.
基金The 2024 Guangdong University of Science and Technology Teaching,Science and Innovation Project(GKJXXZ2024028)。
文摘With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,the teaching mode in the field of education is undergoing profound changes.Especially the design and implementation of personalized learning paths have become an important direction of intelligent teaching reform.The traditional“one-size-fits-all”teaching model has gradually failed to meet the individualized learning needs of students.However,through the advantages of data analysis and real-time feedback,AI technology can provide tailor-made teaching content and learning paths based on students’learning progress,interests,and abilities.This study explores the innovation of the personalized learning path model based on AI technology,and analyzes the potential and challenges of this model in improving teaching effectiveness,promoting the all-round development of students,and optimizing the interaction between teachers and students.Through case analysis and empirical research,this paper summarizes the implementation methods of the AI-driven personalized learning path,the innovation of teaching models,and their application prospects in educational reform.Meanwhile,the research also discussed the ethical issues of AI technology in education,data privacy protection,and its impact on the teacher-student relationship,and proposed corresponding solutions.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72071042)。
文摘China’s healthcare system faces increasing challenges,including surging medical costs,resource allocation imbalances favoring large hospitals,and ineffective referral mechanisms.The lack of a unified strategy integrating standardized coverage with personalized payment compounds these issues.To this end,this study proposes a risk-sharing reform strategy that combines equal coverage for the same disease(ECSD)with an individualized out-of-pocket(I-OOP)model.Specifically,the study employs a Markov model to capture patient transitions across health states and care levels.The findings show that ECSD and I-OOP enhance equity by standardizing disease coverage while tailoring costs to patient income and facility type.This approach alleviates demand on high-tier hospitals,promoting primary care utilization and enabling balanced resource distribution.The study’s findings provide a reference for policymakers and healthcare administrators by presenting a scalable framework that is aligned with China’s development goals with the aim of fostering an efficient,sustainable healthcare system that is adaptable to regional needs.
