This paper mainly studies the optimal investment problem of defined contribution(DC)pension under the self-protection and minimum security.First,we apply Ito?theorem to obtain the differential equation of the real sto...This paper mainly studies the optimal investment problem of defined contribution(DC)pension under the self-protection and minimum security.First,we apply Ito?theorem to obtain the differential equation of the real stock price after discounting inflation.Then,under the constraint of external guarantee of DC pension terminal wealth,self-protection is introduced to study the maximization of the expected utility of terminal wealth at retirement time and any time before retirement.The explicit solution of the optimal investment strategy of DC pension at retirement time and any time before retirement should be derived by martingale method.Finally,the influence of selfprotection on the optimal investment strategy of DC pension is numerically analyzed.展开更多
Static secure techniques, such as firewall, hierarchy filtering, distributed disposing,layer management, autonomy agent, secure communication, were introduced in distributed intrusion detection. The self-protection ag...Static secure techniques, such as firewall, hierarchy filtering, distributed disposing,layer management, autonomy agent, secure communication, were introduced in distributed intrusion detection. The self-protection agents were designed, which have the distributed architecture,cooperate with the agents in intrusion detection in a loose-coupled manner, protect the security of intrusion detection system, and respond to the intrusion actively. A prototype self-protection agent was implemented by using the packet filter in operation system kernel. The results show that all the hosts with the part of network-based intrusion detection system and the whole intrusion detection system are invisible from the outside and network scanning, and cannot apperceive the existence of network-based intrusion detection system. The communication between every part is secure. In the low layer, the packet streams are controlled to avoid the buffer leaks exist ing in some system service process and back-door programs, so as to prevent users from misusing and vicious attack like Trojan Horse effectively.展开更多
Erythrocyte membrane(EM)-camouflaged chemotherapeutic delivery nanovehicles hold promise for solid tumor therapy because of their excellent biostability and biocompatibility. However, it is accompanied with insufficie...Erythrocyte membrane(EM)-camouflaged chemotherapeutic delivery nanovehicles hold promise for solid tumor therapy because of their excellent biostability and biocompatibility. However, it is accompanied with insufficient targeting effect and deficient pharmacokinetic behavior due to the lack of a regulated biointerface to navigate and overcome biological transportation obstacles in solid tumor therapy.Herein, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) aptamer(EApt) modified and EM-cloaked chemotherapeutic nanomissile delivery system was constructed. The anchored-EApt acting as a specific EGFR suppressor promotes to inhibit the overexpression of EGFR and initiate the cell apoptosis. Importantly, the resulting PLGA-DOX@EM-EApt orchestrated the bioactivity of each component and provided synergistic cell apoptosis and antitumor effects by precisely suppressing EGFR expression levels and delivering DOX. The in vitro and in vivo experimental results confirmed that the immune escape and active targeting behaviors of PLGA-DOX@EM-EApt could significantly promote its drug retention and tumor inhibition abilities. Our findings propose a novel strategy using the biointerface functionalization technique, demonstrating a promising therapeutic platform via a biomimetic drug delivery system for precise solid tumor recognition and synergistic therapy.展开更多
We present a conceptual configuration of a high-temperature superconducting（HTS）magnet made from REBCO（Re=Rare Earth,B=Barium,C=Copper,O=Oxide）annular plates,called a Bitter-like HTS magnet,which can operate in pe...We present a conceptual configuration of a high-temperature superconducting（HTS）magnet made from REBCO（Re=Rare Earth,B=Barium,C=Copper,O=Oxide）annular plates,called a Bitter-like HTS magnet,which can operate in persistent current mode without joint resistance and can be excited by a flux pump and without current leads and a persistent power supply.An REBCO annular magnet which can generate 1.5 T corresponding to the operating current density 80%of critical current density of the magnet at an operating temperature of65 K is conceptually designed.Then the thermal stability of the magnet is numerically simulated by Comsol software.Whein a piece of RBCO annular plate quenches,the maximum released energy is its stored energy because each REBCO annular plate in the Bitter-like magnet is in parallel.To calculate the stored energy in the REBCO annular plate,the inductance of every annular plate,including self-inductance and mutual inductance,is calculated.Compared with the minimum quench energy（MQE）and stored energy in one REBCO annular plate,the stored energy in one REBCO annular plate is always smaller than the MQE,and the REBCO annular plate will not be damaged even though the stored energy in the REBCO annular plate is fully released,which indicates that this 1.5 T Bitter-like magnet has the property of self-protection.展开更多
Constructing self-protected metastable intermolecular composites(MICs) enables the regulation of microstructures towards boosting controllable detonation performance,and also prevents information leakage,which is mean...Constructing self-protected metastable intermolecular composites(MICs) enables the regulation of microstructures towards boosting controllable detonation performance,and also prevents information leakage,which is meaningful but challenging.Herein,a convenient and efficient method of combining highly-controlled electrophoretic assembly,surface modification and microwave heat treatment was employed to design promising heattriggered wettability switchable high-energy smart C-doped Al/Cr_(2)O_(3)MIC,and surface modification mechanism was proposed,respectively.The anti-wetting ability of the product was demonstrated by a series of tests of water contact angle,impact resistance,immersion,selfcleaning,etc.The key information recording/encryption procedures were realized by constructing a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface and adjusting the wettability of the product.In addition,the output heat of asobtained smart MIC can reach ~1.5 kJ·g^(-1),and its attenuation rate was only ~30% even after underwater aging,further verifying its potential practicality.Thus,our design provides a promising strategy for engineering smart MIC with diversified functional structures for blasting applications and beyond.展开更多
Objective： To understand the situation of nursing students was stabbed by sharp instrument,in order to provide a scientific basis to take protective measures.Method：By using a self-designed questionnaire.The 100 nur...Objective： To understand the situation of nursing students was stabbed by sharp instrument,in order to provide a scientific basis to take protective measures.Method：By using a self-designed questionnaire.The 100 nursing students were randomly selected from a hospital for retrospective investigation.There are 98 valid data.Results： The data shows that sharp instrument injury is more common in nursing students. Nursing students＇ protection consciousness is low, and protective ability is poor.Conclusion： Nursing students awareness of self- protection to sharp instrument injury is not enough,in order to avoid the risk of infection of nursing students occupation.When they entered the clinics, practice of systematic pre occupation safety education is very necessary;and the school and the hospital should actively implement the management standardized operation regulations;and put up student occupation injury management regulations;to improve the safety performance of nursing equipment.展开更多
Based on large numbers of experiments, together with some theoretic support such as equations related to the experiment, thermodynamic principles and so on, one useful and reasonable self-protecting boron formulation ...Based on large numbers of experiments, together with some theoretic support such as equations related to the experiment, thermodynamic principles and so on, one useful and reasonable self-protecting boron formulation is got to reinforce the muzzle shunt rail gun rail. The preliminary friction and abrasion test results show that the formulation is acceptable and the abrasion resistance of the steel rail enhances to some extent after the surface reinforcement.展开更多
Among the factors which restrict the large-scale utilization of magnesium-based hydride as a hydrogen storage medium,the high operating temperature,slow kinetics,and air stability in particular are key obstacles.In th...Among the factors which restrict the large-scale utilization of magnesium-based hydride as a hydrogen storage medium,the high operating temperature,slow kinetics,and air stability in particular are key obstacles.In this work,a novel method,namely hydriding combustion synthesis plus short-term mechanical milling followed by air exposure,was proposed to synthesize air stable and autocatalytic magnesium nickel hydride(Mg2NiH4),which shows excellent hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics,capacity retention and oxidation resistance.The short-term-milled Mg2NiH4 can desorb 2.97 wt.%hydrogen within 500 s at 230℃.Even after exposure under air atmosphere for 67 days,it can still desorb 2.88 wt.%hydrogen within 500 s at 230℃.The experimental and theoretical results both indicated that the surface of as-milled Mg2NiH4 was easy to be oxidized under air atmosphere.However,the in-situ formed Ni during air exposure of Mg2NiH4 improved the hydrogen desorption kinetics,and the formed surface passivation layer maintained the hydrogen storage capacity and avoided further poisoning,which we called autocatalytic and self-protective effect.Such a novel dual effect modified the reaction activity and oxidation resistance of the air-exposed Mg2NiH4.Our findings provide useful insights into the design and preparation of air stable metal-based hydride for large-scale utilization and long-term storage.展开更多
目的探讨2型糖尿病患者的保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为间的中介效应。方法采取便利抽样法,于2022年10月至2024年1月在北京市某三级乙等综合医院内分泌科选取380例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、糖尿病自我管理活动...目的探讨2型糖尿病患者的保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为间的中介效应。方法采取便利抽样法,于2022年10月至2024年1月在北京市某三级乙等综合医院内分泌科选取380例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、糖尿病自我管理活动问卷(summary of diabetes self-care activities,SDSCA)、2型糖尿病患者自我护理保护动机量表和糖尿病健康素养量表(diabetes health literacy scale,HLS)进行问卷调查。应用Pearson相关分析健康素养、自我护理保护动机和自我管理行为的相关关系,应用SPSS中的Process插件,采用偏差校正的Bootstrap法检验保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为间的中介效应。结果共351例患者完成研究。2型糖尿病患者的SDSCA、自我护理保护动机和HLS的条目均分分别为(4.4±1.5)分、(3.5±0.7)分和(2.8±0.5)分,均处于中等水平。患者的自我护理保护动机、HLS得分均与其SDSCA得分呈正相关(r=0.326,P<0.01;r=0.131,P<0.05)。健康素养对自我管理行为的总效应值为0.369(95%CI:0.073~0.664,P<0.05),其中健康素养对自我管理行为的直接效应值为0.180(95%CI:-0.109~0.470,P>0.05),占总效应的48.8%,保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为之间的中介效应值为0.189(95%CI:0.084~0.320,P<0.05),占总效应的51.2%。结论保护动机是健康素养与自我管理行为的中介变量,临床护理人员在提升患者健康素养基础上,可采取针对性的护理策略激发患者的自我护理保护动机,进而促进自我管理行为的形成。展开更多
社区检测算法在揭示网络结构和挖掘数据方面具有显著优势,但也带来用户隐私泄露的潜在风险。为解决该问题,社区隐藏已成为一个广泛研究的解决方案。然而,现有的大多数社区隐藏的研究集中在拓扑网络上,在属性网络方面取得的进展很有限。...社区检测算法在揭示网络结构和挖掘数据方面具有显著优势,但也带来用户隐私泄露的潜在风险。为解决该问题,社区隐藏已成为一个广泛研究的解决方案。然而,现有的大多数社区隐藏的研究集中在拓扑网络上,在属性网络方面取得的进展很有限。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于自注意力机制的社区隐藏算法(self-attention mechanism network community hiding,SANCH)。该算法利用自注意力机制对节点属性之间的全局依赖关系进行建模,并通过整合图的结构信息生成对抗性扰动。它计算节点之间的注意力权重以导出节点嵌入表示,随后得出链路存在的概率。基于预定义的扰动预算,该算法选择对社区结构影响最大的链路进行添加或删除,从而实现有效的社区隐藏。实验结果表明,SANCH在针对各种社区检测算法时具有出色的隐藏性能和鲁棒性。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(20BTJ048)Anhui University Humanities and Social Science Research Major Project(SK2021ZD0043)。
文摘This paper mainly studies the optimal investment problem of defined contribution(DC)pension under the self-protection and minimum security.First,we apply Ito?theorem to obtain the differential equation of the real stock price after discounting inflation.Then,under the constraint of external guarantee of DC pension terminal wealth,self-protection is introduced to study the maximization of the expected utility of terminal wealth at retirement time and any time before retirement.The explicit solution of the optimal investment strategy of DC pension at retirement time and any time before retirement should be derived by martingale method.Finally,the influence of selfprotection on the optimal investment strategy of DC pension is numerically analyzed.
文摘Static secure techniques, such as firewall, hierarchy filtering, distributed disposing,layer management, autonomy agent, secure communication, were introduced in distributed intrusion detection. The self-protection agents were designed, which have the distributed architecture,cooperate with the agents in intrusion detection in a loose-coupled manner, protect the security of intrusion detection system, and respond to the intrusion actively. A prototype self-protection agent was implemented by using the packet filter in operation system kernel. The results show that all the hosts with the part of network-based intrusion detection system and the whole intrusion detection system are invisible from the outside and network scanning, and cannot apperceive the existence of network-based intrusion detection system. The communication between every part is secure. In the low layer, the packet streams are controlled to avoid the buffer leaks exist ing in some system service process and back-door programs, so as to prevent users from misusing and vicious attack like Trojan Horse effectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82073807 and 81973277)the WorldClass Universities (Disciplines)the Characteristic Development Guidance Funds for the Central Universities,China (No. PY3A012)。
文摘Erythrocyte membrane(EM)-camouflaged chemotherapeutic delivery nanovehicles hold promise for solid tumor therapy because of their excellent biostability and biocompatibility. However, it is accompanied with insufficient targeting effect and deficient pharmacokinetic behavior due to the lack of a regulated biointerface to navigate and overcome biological transportation obstacles in solid tumor therapy.Herein, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) aptamer(EApt) modified and EM-cloaked chemotherapeutic nanomissile delivery system was constructed. The anchored-EApt acting as a specific EGFR suppressor promotes to inhibit the overexpression of EGFR and initiate the cell apoptosis. Importantly, the resulting PLGA-DOX@EM-EApt orchestrated the bioactivity of each component and provided synergistic cell apoptosis and antitumor effects by precisely suppressing EGFR expression levels and delivering DOX. The in vitro and in vivo experimental results confirmed that the immune escape and active targeting behaviors of PLGA-DOX@EM-EApt could significantly promote its drug retention and tumor inhibition abilities. Our findings propose a novel strategy using the biointerface functionalization technique, demonstrating a promising therapeutic platform via a biomimetic drug delivery system for precise solid tumor recognition and synergistic therapy.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No 2018MS004
文摘We present a conceptual configuration of a high-temperature superconducting（HTS）magnet made from REBCO（Re=Rare Earth,B=Barium,C=Copper,O=Oxide）annular plates,called a Bitter-like HTS magnet,which can operate in persistent current mode without joint resistance and can be excited by a flux pump and without current leads and a persistent power supply.An REBCO annular magnet which can generate 1.5 T corresponding to the operating current density 80%of critical current density of the magnet at an operating temperature of65 K is conceptually designed.Then the thermal stability of the magnet is numerically simulated by Comsol software.Whein a piece of RBCO annular plate quenches,the maximum released energy is its stored energy because each REBCO annular plate in the Bitter-like magnet is in parallel.To calculate the stored energy in the REBCO annular plate,the inductance of every annular plate,including self-inductance and mutual inductance,is calculated.Compared with the minimum quench energy（MQE）and stored energy in one REBCO annular plate,the stored energy in one REBCO annular plate is always smaller than the MQE,and the REBCO annular plate will not be damaged even though the stored energy in the REBCO annular plate is fully released,which indicates that this 1.5 T Bitter-like magnet has the property of self-protection.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21805014,82102635,52373087,52003300 and 22109120)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (Nos.CXQT20026 and KJQN202201408)。
文摘Constructing self-protected metastable intermolecular composites(MICs) enables the regulation of microstructures towards boosting controllable detonation performance,and also prevents information leakage,which is meaningful but challenging.Herein,a convenient and efficient method of combining highly-controlled electrophoretic assembly,surface modification and microwave heat treatment was employed to design promising heattriggered wettability switchable high-energy smart C-doped Al/Cr_(2)O_(3)MIC,and surface modification mechanism was proposed,respectively.The anti-wetting ability of the product was demonstrated by a series of tests of water contact angle,impact resistance,immersion,selfcleaning,etc.The key information recording/encryption procedures were realized by constructing a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface and adjusting the wettability of the product.In addition,the output heat of asobtained smart MIC can reach ~1.5 kJ·g^(-1),and its attenuation rate was only ~30% even after underwater aging,further verifying its potential practicality.Thus,our design provides a promising strategy for engineering smart MIC with diversified functional structures for blasting applications and beyond.
文摘Objective： To understand the situation of nursing students was stabbed by sharp instrument,in order to provide a scientific basis to take protective measures.Method：By using a self-designed questionnaire.The 100 nursing students were randomly selected from a hospital for retrospective investigation.There are 98 valid data.Results： The data shows that sharp instrument injury is more common in nursing students. Nursing students＇ protection consciousness is low, and protective ability is poor.Conclusion： Nursing students awareness of self- protection to sharp instrument injury is not enough,in order to avoid the risk of infection of nursing students occupation.When they entered the clinics, practice of systematic pre occupation safety education is very necessary;and the school and the hospital should actively implement the management standardized operation regulations;and put up student occupation injury management regulations;to improve the safety performance of nursing equipment.
文摘Based on large numbers of experiments, together with some theoretic support such as equations related to the experiment, thermodynamic principles and so on, one useful and reasonable self-protecting boron formulation is got to reinforce the muzzle shunt rail gun rail. The preliminary friction and abrasion test results show that the formulation is acceptable and the abrasion resistance of the steel rail enhances to some extent after the surface reinforcement.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51771092,52071177,and 21975125)Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province(No.2018-XNY-020)the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Among the factors which restrict the large-scale utilization of magnesium-based hydride as a hydrogen storage medium,the high operating temperature,slow kinetics,and air stability in particular are key obstacles.In this work,a novel method,namely hydriding combustion synthesis plus short-term mechanical milling followed by air exposure,was proposed to synthesize air stable and autocatalytic magnesium nickel hydride(Mg2NiH4),which shows excellent hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics,capacity retention and oxidation resistance.The short-term-milled Mg2NiH4 can desorb 2.97 wt.%hydrogen within 500 s at 230℃.Even after exposure under air atmosphere for 67 days,it can still desorb 2.88 wt.%hydrogen within 500 s at 230℃.The experimental and theoretical results both indicated that the surface of as-milled Mg2NiH4 was easy to be oxidized under air atmosphere.However,the in-situ formed Ni during air exposure of Mg2NiH4 improved the hydrogen desorption kinetics,and the formed surface passivation layer maintained the hydrogen storage capacity and avoided further poisoning,which we called autocatalytic and self-protective effect.Such a novel dual effect modified the reaction activity and oxidation resistance of the air-exposed Mg2NiH4.Our findings provide useful insights into the design and preparation of air stable metal-based hydride for large-scale utilization and long-term storage.
文摘目的探讨2型糖尿病患者的保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为间的中介效应。方法采取便利抽样法,于2022年10月至2024年1月在北京市某三级乙等综合医院内分泌科选取380例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、糖尿病自我管理活动问卷(summary of diabetes self-care activities,SDSCA)、2型糖尿病患者自我护理保护动机量表和糖尿病健康素养量表(diabetes health literacy scale,HLS)进行问卷调查。应用Pearson相关分析健康素养、自我护理保护动机和自我管理行为的相关关系,应用SPSS中的Process插件,采用偏差校正的Bootstrap法检验保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为间的中介效应。结果共351例患者完成研究。2型糖尿病患者的SDSCA、自我护理保护动机和HLS的条目均分分别为(4.4±1.5)分、(3.5±0.7)分和(2.8±0.5)分,均处于中等水平。患者的自我护理保护动机、HLS得分均与其SDSCA得分呈正相关(r=0.326,P<0.01;r=0.131,P<0.05)。健康素养对自我管理行为的总效应值为0.369(95%CI:0.073~0.664,P<0.05),其中健康素养对自我管理行为的直接效应值为0.180(95%CI:-0.109~0.470,P>0.05),占总效应的48.8%,保护动机在健康素养与自我管理行为之间的中介效应值为0.189(95%CI:0.084~0.320,P<0.05),占总效应的51.2%。结论保护动机是健康素养与自我管理行为的中介变量,临床护理人员在提升患者健康素养基础上,可采取针对性的护理策略激发患者的自我护理保护动机,进而促进自我管理行为的形成。
文摘社区检测算法在揭示网络结构和挖掘数据方面具有显著优势,但也带来用户隐私泄露的潜在风险。为解决该问题,社区隐藏已成为一个广泛研究的解决方案。然而,现有的大多数社区隐藏的研究集中在拓扑网络上,在属性网络方面取得的进展很有限。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于自注意力机制的社区隐藏算法(self-attention mechanism network community hiding,SANCH)。该算法利用自注意力机制对节点属性之间的全局依赖关系进行建模,并通过整合图的结构信息生成对抗性扰动。它计算节点之间的注意力权重以导出节点嵌入表示,随后得出链路存在的概率。基于预定义的扰动预算,该算法选择对社区结构影响最大的链路进行添加或删除,从而实现有效的社区隐藏。实验结果表明,SANCH在针对各种社区检测算法时具有出色的隐藏性能和鲁棒性。
