Detailed information is provided for the design and construction of nitrogen drilling in a coal seam.Two prototype wells are considered.The Guo model is used to calculate the required minimum gas injection rate,while ...Detailed information is provided for the design and construction of nitrogen drilling in a coal seam.Two prototype wells are considered.The Guo model is used to calculate the required minimum gas injection rate,while the Finnie,Sommerfeld,and Tulsa models are exploited to estimate the ensuing erosion occurring in pipe strings.The calculated minimum gas injection rates are 67.4 m^(3)/min(with water)and 49.4 m^(3)/min(without water),and the actual field of use is 90–120 m^(3)/min.The difference between the calculated injection pressure and the field value is 6.5%–15.2%(formation with water)and 0.65%–7.32%(formation without water).The results show that the Guo model can more precisely represent the situation of the no water formation in the nitrogen drilling of a coal seam.The Finnie,Sommerfeld,and Tulsa models have different sensitivities to cutting densities,particle size,impact velocity and angle,and pipe string hardness.展开更多
A theoretical model is developed for the vibration and stability of a vertical pipe subjected concurrently to two dependent axial flows. The external fluid, after exiting the outer annular region between the pipe and ...A theoretical model is developed for the vibration and stability of a vertical pipe subjected concurrently to two dependent axial flows. The external fluid, after exiting the outer annular region between the pipe and a rigid cylindrical channel, is conveyed upwards inside the pipe. This configuration thus resembles of a pipe that aspirating fluid. The equation of planar mo- tion is solved by means of the differential quadrature method （DQM）. Calculations are conducted for a slender drill-string-like and a bench-top-size system, for different confinement conditions of the outer annular channel. It is shown that the vibrations of these two systems are closely related to the degree of confinement of the outer annular channel. For a drill-string-like system with narrow annuli, buckling instability may occur in the second and third modes. For a bench-top-size system, however, both buckling and flutter may occur in the lowest three modes. The form of instability depends on the annuli size.展开更多
CO_(2)驱油是CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术中CO_(2)地质利用环节的重要组成部分,延长油田开展CO_(2)驱油与封存项目取得了良好的增油封碳效果,但实际CO_(2)驱注入环境下的管柱腐蚀失效原...CO_(2)驱油是CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术中CO_(2)地质利用环节的重要组成部分,延长油田开展CO_(2)驱油与封存项目取得了良好的增油封碳效果,但实际CO_(2)驱注入环境下的管柱腐蚀失效原因尚不明晰。利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、3D共聚焦显微镜、能谱分析(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,XRD)等实验手段对取自吴起某CO_(2)驱油与封存示范区注气管柱的腐蚀形貌进行表征,并对管柱腐蚀产物进行分析,以期明确研究区CO_(2)驱注气管柱腐蚀失效原因。结果表明:以CO_(2)腐蚀为主导的局部腐蚀造成注气管柱的腐蚀失效,腐蚀产物包括FeCO_(3)、Fe的高价氧化物及少量FeS。分析认为,低温CO_(2)的连续注入不会引起管柱腐蚀,但CO_(2)停注期间井筒温度回升、地层水上返使得注气管柱具备了发生CO_(2)/H_(2)S腐蚀的条件,且注气井转注水进一步加剧了管柱腐蚀。建议在CO_(2)停注以及转注水期间加强对注气管柱的杀菌与防腐措施。展开更多
基金National Science and Technology Major Special Project,2016ZX05044CBM Development Technology and Pilot Test in East Yunnan and Western Guizhou.
文摘Detailed information is provided for the design and construction of nitrogen drilling in a coal seam.Two prototype wells are considered.The Guo model is used to calculate the required minimum gas injection rate,while the Finnie,Sommerfeld,and Tulsa models are exploited to estimate the ensuing erosion occurring in pipe strings.The calculated minimum gas injection rates are 67.4 m^(3)/min(with water)and 49.4 m^(3)/min(without water),and the actual field of use is 90–120 m^(3)/min.The difference between the calculated injection pressure and the field value is 6.5%–15.2%(formation with water)and 0.65%–7.32%(formation without water).The results show that the Guo model can more precisely represent the situation of the no water formation in the nitrogen drilling of a coal seam.The Finnie,Sommerfeld,and Tulsa models have different sensitivities to cutting densities,particle size,impact velocity and angle,and pipe string hardness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10772071 and 10802031)theScientific Research Foundation of HUST (No. 2006Q003B).
文摘A theoretical model is developed for the vibration and stability of a vertical pipe subjected concurrently to two dependent axial flows. The external fluid, after exiting the outer annular region between the pipe and a rigid cylindrical channel, is conveyed upwards inside the pipe. This configuration thus resembles of a pipe that aspirating fluid. The equation of planar mo- tion is solved by means of the differential quadrature method （DQM）. Calculations are conducted for a slender drill-string-like and a bench-top-size system, for different confinement conditions of the outer annular channel. It is shown that the vibrations of these two systems are closely related to the degree of confinement of the outer annular channel. For a drill-string-like system with narrow annuli, buckling instability may occur in the second and third modes. For a bench-top-size system, however, both buckling and flutter may occur in the lowest three modes. The form of instability depends on the annuli size.
文摘CO_(2)驱油是CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术中CO_(2)地质利用环节的重要组成部分,延长油田开展CO_(2)驱油与封存项目取得了良好的增油封碳效果,但实际CO_(2)驱注入环境下的管柱腐蚀失效原因尚不明晰。利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、3D共聚焦显微镜、能谱分析(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,XRD)等实验手段对取自吴起某CO_(2)驱油与封存示范区注气管柱的腐蚀形貌进行表征,并对管柱腐蚀产物进行分析,以期明确研究区CO_(2)驱注气管柱腐蚀失效原因。结果表明:以CO_(2)腐蚀为主导的局部腐蚀造成注气管柱的腐蚀失效,腐蚀产物包括FeCO_(3)、Fe的高价氧化物及少量FeS。分析认为,低温CO_(2)的连续注入不会引起管柱腐蚀,但CO_(2)停注期间井筒温度回升、地层水上返使得注气管柱具备了发生CO_(2)/H_(2)S腐蚀的条件,且注气井转注水进一步加剧了管柱腐蚀。建议在CO_(2)停注以及转注水期间加强对注气管柱的杀菌与防腐措施。
