In order to study the effect of rice straw returning and seeding patterns on seedling emergence and grain yield, field experiment was conducted to investi- gate the effects of straw mechanized returning and different ...In order to study the effect of rice straw returning and seeding patterns on seedling emergence and grain yield, field experiment was conducted to investi- gate the effects of straw mechanized returning and different seeding patterns on e- mergence rate, emergence uniformity and yield traits of wheat after rice. The results were as follows： in rice straw removal treatments, the emergence rate of mechani- cal seeding in drill was lower than that of mechanical uniform planting and manual broadcast sowing, which were 51.84%, 90.89% and 88.87%, respectively; the emer- gence uniformity of manual broadcast sowing was inferior to mechanical seeding in drill and mechanical uniform planting, which were 0.49, 0.26 and 0.23, respectively. As for the treatments with rice straw returning to the field, the emergence rate and emergence uniformity all decreased in the three seeding patterns, of which mechan- ical seeding in drill dropped markedly with emergence rate decreased by 36.54%. The emergence rate and emergence uniformity affected grain yield by affecting pan- icle, grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight. The grain yield for the treatment with rice straw removal was 6 091.34 kg/hm2, while that with rice straw returning to field was 6 476.20 kg/hm2, and both were higher than the yields of the other two seed- ing patterns. Therefore, mechanical uniform planting was？recommended for its higher emergence rate, better emergence uniformity, which was conductive to increase grain yield in wheat after rice production with rice straw returning to field.展开更多
Seed germination is a key transitional stage in plant life cycle and is strongly regulated by temperature and light.Therefore, research on the effects of temperature and light on seed germination is extremely meaningf...Seed germination is a key transitional stage in plant life cycle and is strongly regulated by temperature and light.Therefore, research on the effects of temperature and light on seed germination is extremely meaningful for vegetation restoration, especially in desert ecosystems.Seeds of 28 ephemeral plants collected from the Gurbantunggut Desert of China were incubated at different temperatures(5℃/1℃, 15℃/5℃, 20℃/5℃, 25℃/10℃ and 30℃/15℃) in 12-h light/12-h darkness or continuous darkness regimes, and the responses of seed germination to temperature and light and the germination speed were studied in 2016.Results showed that seed germination percentage of the 28 ephemeral plants significantly differed to temperature and light.We classified the studied plants as the following groups based on their responses to temperature: 1 low temperature responsed plants, 12 moderate temperature responsed plants, 7 high temperature responsed plants, 4 non-responsed plants and 5 plants of no germination.It should be noted that Corispermum lehmannianum Bunge is sensitive to both moderate and high temperatures.There were 4 groups of plant in response to light, i.e., 7 light responsed plants, 10 dark responsed plants, 6 light non-responsed plants and 5 plants of no germination.Based on seed germination speed of the 28 ephemeral plants, we divided them into 4 patterns of germination, i.e., very rapid, moderately rapid, moderate and slow.Combining variations of temperature, precipitation and sand dune types in the study area, we suggested that very rapid and moderately rapid germinated plants could be used to moving sand dunes in early spring during vegetation restoration, moderate germinated plants could be used to semi-fixed sand dunes in late autumn, and slow germinated plants could be used to sand plain in summer.Thus, seedling establishment and vegetation restoration would be improved by considering seed germination characteristics of these ephemeral plants in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China.展开更多
Seed color and size are the major traits influencing consumer’s acceptability and market class of lentils worldwide.In this paper we assessed the in vitro antioxidant capacity of whole seeds,hulls,and cotyledons of f...Seed color and size are the major traits influencing consumer’s acceptability and market class of lentils worldwide.In this paper we assessed the in vitro antioxidant capacity of whole seeds,hulls,and cotyledons of five lentil varieties in relation to their phenolic profile.The samples were evaluated for total polyphenol content and different phenolic classes,such as condensed tannin content,total monomeric anthocyanins,and phenolic acids.Individual phenolic compounds,including flavonols,flavanols,flavones,anthocyanins,and phenolic acids,were further quantitatively investigated by HPLC-DAD.Total antioxidant capacity was evaluated by ABTS and ORAC assays,and a direct measurement(ABTSdir)was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the bioactive compounds present in the whole-meal flours without extraction.The five genotypes showed considerable variations in their phenolic content and profile as well as antioxidant activities.The results showed a preferential accumulation of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity in the hulls compared to cotyledons.Delphinidin and cyanidin were the most abundant flavonoids in the hulls,while epicatechin and catechin were the most concentrated in the cotyledons.A highly significant correlation was observed between ABTS,ORAC and ABTSdir and total polyphenols.The antioxidant capacities were highly correlated with several individual phenolics detected in hulls and cotyledons.The overall results showed that the lentil fractions and extracts with higher phenolics had also higher antiradical activity which was independent on seed size and color.Identifying lentil genotypes with diverse phenolic profile in cotyledons and whole seeds could meet diverse consumers preferences and health requirements.展开更多
文摘In order to study the effect of rice straw returning and seeding patterns on seedling emergence and grain yield, field experiment was conducted to investi- gate the effects of straw mechanized returning and different seeding patterns on e- mergence rate, emergence uniformity and yield traits of wheat after rice. The results were as follows： in rice straw removal treatments, the emergence rate of mechani- cal seeding in drill was lower than that of mechanical uniform planting and manual broadcast sowing, which were 51.84%, 90.89% and 88.87%, respectively; the emer- gence uniformity of manual broadcast sowing was inferior to mechanical seeding in drill and mechanical uniform planting, which were 0.49, 0.26 and 0.23, respectively. As for the treatments with rice straw returning to the field, the emergence rate and emergence uniformity all decreased in the three seeding patterns, of which mechan- ical seeding in drill dropped markedly with emergence rate decreased by 36.54%. The emergence rate and emergence uniformity affected grain yield by affecting pan- icle, grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight. The grain yield for the treatment with rice straw removal was 6 091.34 kg/hm2, while that with rice straw returning to field was 6 476.20 kg/hm2, and both were higher than the yields of the other two seed- ing patterns. Therefore, mechanical uniform planting was？recommended for its higher emergence rate, better emergence uniformity, which was conductive to increase grain yield in wheat after rice production with rice straw returning to field.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Plan Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2016B03040)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570529, 31660162, 31971428, 31770638)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2018477)
文摘Seed germination is a key transitional stage in plant life cycle and is strongly regulated by temperature and light.Therefore, research on the effects of temperature and light on seed germination is extremely meaningful for vegetation restoration, especially in desert ecosystems.Seeds of 28 ephemeral plants collected from the Gurbantunggut Desert of China were incubated at different temperatures(5℃/1℃, 15℃/5℃, 20℃/5℃, 25℃/10℃ and 30℃/15℃) in 12-h light/12-h darkness or continuous darkness regimes, and the responses of seed germination to temperature and light and the germination speed were studied in 2016.Results showed that seed germination percentage of the 28 ephemeral plants significantly differed to temperature and light.We classified the studied plants as the following groups based on their responses to temperature: 1 low temperature responsed plants, 12 moderate temperature responsed plants, 7 high temperature responsed plants, 4 non-responsed plants and 5 plants of no germination.It should be noted that Corispermum lehmannianum Bunge is sensitive to both moderate and high temperatures.There were 4 groups of plant in response to light, i.e., 7 light responsed plants, 10 dark responsed plants, 6 light non-responsed plants and 5 plants of no germination.Based on seed germination speed of the 28 ephemeral plants, we divided them into 4 patterns of germination, i.e., very rapid, moderately rapid, moderate and slow.Combining variations of temperature, precipitation and sand dune types in the study area, we suggested that very rapid and moderately rapid germinated plants could be used to moving sand dunes in early spring during vegetation restoration, moderate germinated plants could be used to semi-fixed sand dunes in late autumn, and slow germinated plants could be used to sand plain in summer.Thus, seedling establishment and vegetation restoration would be improved by considering seed germination characteristics of these ephemeral plants in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China.
基金funded by PRIMA Section 12020 Agrofood Value ChainIA Topic:1.3.1-2020(IA),MEDWHEALTH,project grant no.2034.
文摘Seed color and size are the major traits influencing consumer’s acceptability and market class of lentils worldwide.In this paper we assessed the in vitro antioxidant capacity of whole seeds,hulls,and cotyledons of five lentil varieties in relation to their phenolic profile.The samples were evaluated for total polyphenol content and different phenolic classes,such as condensed tannin content,total monomeric anthocyanins,and phenolic acids.Individual phenolic compounds,including flavonols,flavanols,flavones,anthocyanins,and phenolic acids,were further quantitatively investigated by HPLC-DAD.Total antioxidant capacity was evaluated by ABTS and ORAC assays,and a direct measurement(ABTSdir)was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the bioactive compounds present in the whole-meal flours without extraction.The five genotypes showed considerable variations in their phenolic content and profile as well as antioxidant activities.The results showed a preferential accumulation of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity in the hulls compared to cotyledons.Delphinidin and cyanidin were the most abundant flavonoids in the hulls,while epicatechin and catechin were the most concentrated in the cotyledons.A highly significant correlation was observed between ABTS,ORAC and ABTSdir and total polyphenols.The antioxidant capacities were highly correlated with several individual phenolics detected in hulls and cotyledons.The overall results showed that the lentil fractions and extracts with higher phenolics had also higher antiradical activity which was independent on seed size and color.Identifying lentil genotypes with diverse phenolic profile in cotyledons and whole seeds could meet diverse consumers preferences and health requirements.
