Background: Nucleobase-ascorbate transporters(NAT), synonymously called nucleobase-cation symporter 2(NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previou...Background: Nucleobase-ascorbate transporters(NAT), synonymously called nucleobase-cation symporter 2(NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previous studies concluded that s a polymorphic SNP associated with NAT12 was significant di erent between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials of upland cotton. In current study, a comprehensive analysis of NAT family genes was conducted for the first time in cotton.Results: In this study, we discovered 32, 32, 18, and 16 NAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. raimondii and G. arboreum, respectively, which were classified into four groups(groups I–IV) based on the multiple sequence analysis. These GhNAT genes were unevenly distributed on At and Dt sub-genome in G. hirsutum. Most GhNAT members in the same group had similar gene structure characteristics and motif composition. The collinearity analysis revealed segmental duplication as well as tandem duplication contributing to the expansion of the GhNATs. The analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements of GhNATs showed that the function of GhNAT genes in cotton might be related to plant hormone and stress response. Under di erent conditions, the expression levels further suggested the GhNAT family genes were associated with plant response to various abiotic stresses. GhNAT12 was detected in the plasma membrane. And it was validated that the GhNAT12 gene played an important role in regulating cotton resistance to salt and drought stress through the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) analysis.Conclusions: A comprehensive analysis of NAT gene family was performed in cotton, including phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal location, collinearity analysis, motifs, gene structure and so on. Our results will further broaden the insight into the evolution and potential functions of NAT genes in cotton. Current findings could make significant contribution towards screening more candidate genes related to biotic and abiotic resistance for the improvement in cotton.展开更多
financially supported by the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China （2014ZX08004）;the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31301340）;the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research S...financially supported by the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China （2014ZX08004）;the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31301340）;the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China （CARS-004-PS10）;the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, China （PCSIRT13073）;the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production;an Openend Fund by State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, China （ZW2013009）展开更多
Sucrose non-fermenting-1 related protein kinase 2 （SnRK2） is a unique family of protein kinases associated with abiotic stress signal transduction in plants. In this study, a maize SnRK2 gene ZmSnRK2.11 was cloned a...Sucrose non-fermenting-1 related protein kinase 2 （SnRK2） is a unique family of protein kinases associated with abiotic stress signal transduction in plants. In this study, a maize SnRK2 gene ZmSnRK2.11 was cloned and characterized. The results showed that ZmSnRK2.11 is up-regulated by high-salinity and dehydration treatment, and it is expressed mainly in maize mature leaf. Atransient expression assay using onion epidermal cells revealed that ZmSnRK2.11-GFP fusion proteins are localized to both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpressing-ZmSnRK2.11 in Arabidopsis resulted in salt and drought sensitivity phenotypes that exhibited an increased rate of water loss, reduced relative water content, delayed stoma closure, accumulated less free proline content and increased malondialdehyde （MDA） content relative to the phenotypes observed in wild-type （WT） control. Furthermore, overexpression of ZmSnRK2.11 up-regulated the expression of the genes ABI1 and ABI2 and decreased the expression of DREB2A and P5CSI. Taken together, our results suggest that ZmSnRK2.11 is a possible negative regulator involved in the salt and drought stress signal transduction pathways in plants.展开更多
Abiotic stresses at different growth stages in the life of plants negatively affect yield productivity.Therefore,plants,including Amaranthus hypochondriacus,develop adaptive strategies to face the stresses and expand ...Abiotic stresses at different growth stages in the life of plants negatively affect yield productivity.Therefore,plants,including Amaranthus hypochondriacus,develop adaptive strategies to face the stresses and expand functional diversification.In plants,the mitochondrial transcription termination factors(mTERF)are essential functions in regulation,and organelles(mitochondria and chloroplasts)control gene expression(OGE)under several stress conditions.Based on the in-silico-wide genome and transcriptome analysis,twenty-four mTERF genes were detected in the main targeted mitochondria organelles clustered into three different main groups.The chromosomal location and gene duplication analysis indicated one segmental and one tandem duplication in the genome.The promoter region cis-elements assessment showed that there wasa high correlation between the growth and development process,stress,and hormone responses of these genes.Expression profiling of mTERF genes under salt stress revealed a total number of 24 gene families with seven upregulated and 6 down-regulated genes in drought and salt stress.However,Ah-mTERF-8 and 14 indicated up-regulation under drought stress.Ah-mTERF-4,6,14,15,17,and 20 were up-regulated under salt stress.Molecular characterization and identification through the in-silico study of the specific genes and their differential expression profiling demonstrated the role of mTERF proteins throughout their reaction to growth and development,during stress in A.hypochondriacus.These results demonstrated that mTERF genes were significantly related to the abiotic stress responses.展开更多
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MOARAAgricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science
文摘Background: Nucleobase-ascorbate transporters(NAT), synonymously called nucleobase-cation symporter 2(NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previous studies concluded that s a polymorphic SNP associated with NAT12 was significant di erent between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials of upland cotton. In current study, a comprehensive analysis of NAT family genes was conducted for the first time in cotton.Results: In this study, we discovered 32, 32, 18, and 16 NAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. raimondii and G. arboreum, respectively, which were classified into four groups(groups I–IV) based on the multiple sequence analysis. These GhNAT genes were unevenly distributed on At and Dt sub-genome in G. hirsutum. Most GhNAT members in the same group had similar gene structure characteristics and motif composition. The collinearity analysis revealed segmental duplication as well as tandem duplication contributing to the expansion of the GhNATs. The analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements of GhNATs showed that the function of GhNAT genes in cotton might be related to plant hormone and stress response. Under di erent conditions, the expression levels further suggested the GhNAT family genes were associated with plant response to various abiotic stresses. GhNAT12 was detected in the plasma membrane. And it was validated that the GhNAT12 gene played an important role in regulating cotton resistance to salt and drought stress through the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) analysis.Conclusions: A comprehensive analysis of NAT gene family was performed in cotton, including phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal location, collinearity analysis, motifs, gene structure and so on. Our results will further broaden the insight into the evolution and potential functions of NAT genes in cotton. Current findings could make significant contribution towards screening more candidate genes related to biotic and abiotic resistance for the improvement in cotton.
基金financially supported by the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China (2014ZX08004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301340)+3 种基金the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China (CARS-004-PS10)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, China (PCSIRT13073)the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Productionan Openend Fund by State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, China (ZW2013009)
文摘financially supported by the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China （2014ZX08004）;the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31301340）;the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China （CARS-004-PS10）;the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, China （PCSIRT13073）;the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production;an Openend Fund by State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, China （ZW2013009）
基金supported by the National High Technology R&D Program of China (2012AA10A306)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31330056)the Xinjiang High-Tech Research Projects, China (201011109)
文摘Sucrose non-fermenting-1 related protein kinase 2 （SnRK2） is a unique family of protein kinases associated with abiotic stress signal transduction in plants. In this study, a maize SnRK2 gene ZmSnRK2.11 was cloned and characterized. The results showed that ZmSnRK2.11 is up-regulated by high-salinity and dehydration treatment, and it is expressed mainly in maize mature leaf. Atransient expression assay using onion epidermal cells revealed that ZmSnRK2.11-GFP fusion proteins are localized to both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpressing-ZmSnRK2.11 in Arabidopsis resulted in salt and drought sensitivity phenotypes that exhibited an increased rate of water loss, reduced relative water content, delayed stoma closure, accumulated less free proline content and increased malondialdehyde （MDA） content relative to the phenotypes observed in wild-type （WT） control. Furthermore, overexpression of ZmSnRK2.11 up-regulated the expression of the genes ABI1 and ABI2 and decreased the expression of DREB2A and P5CSI. Taken together, our results suggest that ZmSnRK2.11 is a possible negative regulator involved in the salt and drought stress signal transduction pathways in plants.
文摘Abiotic stresses at different growth stages in the life of plants negatively affect yield productivity.Therefore,plants,including Amaranthus hypochondriacus,develop adaptive strategies to face the stresses and expand functional diversification.In plants,the mitochondrial transcription termination factors(mTERF)are essential functions in regulation,and organelles(mitochondria and chloroplasts)control gene expression(OGE)under several stress conditions.Based on the in-silico-wide genome and transcriptome analysis,twenty-four mTERF genes were detected in the main targeted mitochondria organelles clustered into three different main groups.The chromosomal location and gene duplication analysis indicated one segmental and one tandem duplication in the genome.The promoter region cis-elements assessment showed that there wasa high correlation between the growth and development process,stress,and hormone responses of these genes.Expression profiling of mTERF genes under salt stress revealed a total number of 24 gene families with seven upregulated and 6 down-regulated genes in drought and salt stress.However,Ah-mTERF-8 and 14 indicated up-regulation under drought stress.Ah-mTERF-4,6,14,15,17,and 20 were up-regulated under salt stress.Molecular characterization and identification through the in-silico study of the specific genes and their differential expression profiling demonstrated the role of mTERF proteins throughout their reaction to growth and development,during stress in A.hypochondriacus.These results demonstrated that mTERF genes were significantly related to the abiotic stress responses.
