A hair tonic containing 1.0%Arctium lappa root extract(ALRE)was evaluated for its efficacy and tolerability in Chinese consumers.ALRE was selected based on its ability to promote Collagen Type XVII Alpha 1(COL17A1)syn...A hair tonic containing 1.0%Arctium lappa root extract(ALRE)was evaluated for its efficacy and tolerability in Chinese consumers.ALRE was selected based on its ability to promote Collagen Type XVII Alpha 1(COL17A1)synthesis,along with other active ingredients targeting scalp health and follicular regeneration.In vitro assays confirmed that ALRE significantly enhanced COL17A1 expression.A 28-day clinical trial involving Chinese participants demonstrated that the tonic reduced hair loss by 37.61%and increased local hair density by 26.63%,with no reported adverse effects.These findings validate the product’s effectiveness in a distinct consumer population and highlight the importance of integrating mechanistic insights with clinical validation.Further research should explore long-term efficacy and demographic-specific responses to optimize its application.展开更多
As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine component,Corydalis yanhusuo is gradually attracting the attention of the skin care industry.In this study,Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion(CTR50)was used as the rese...As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine component,Corydalis yanhusuo is gradually attracting the attention of the skin care industry.In this study,Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion(CTR50)was used as the research object.The related activities of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion were studied by cytotoxicity test,in vitro and in vivo antioxidant test and cell scratch healing test.The results showed that the dispersion of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract had no cytotoxicity to HaCaT cells.When the concentration of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion was 5%,the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was 35.05%,and the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical was weak;CTR50 can significantly increase the activity of SOD in HaCaT cells,increase the content of antioxidant factor GSH in HaCaT cells induced by UVB,and improve the oxidative stability of skin;it significantly promoted the healing ability of HaCaT cells at the scratch site.It can be seen that the dispersion of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract has the potential to be used as a functional raw material for natural skin care products,which provides a theoretical basis for its development and application in the field of cosmetics.展开更多
[Objective] The study was to screen the active part from roots of Macleaya cordata. [Method] Dipping method was used to study the contact activity of ethanol extract and 4 kinds of extracts by petroleum, ethyl acetate...[Objective] The study was to screen the active part from roots of Macleaya cordata. [Method] Dipping method was used to study the contact activity of ethanol extract and 4 kinds of extracts by petroleum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water from the root of M. cordata on 2nd and 6th instars larvae of T. motlitorlin（L.）. [Result] The corrected mortality rate of T. motlitorlin increased with the increase of extract concentration. When the concentration was 100 mg/ml, the contact activity of ethyl acetate extract against 2nd instar larvae of T. motlitorlin was the highest, the corrected mortality rate at 48 h reached 80.95%, and LC50 was 65.532 9 mg/ml. The overall performance of insecticidal activity was as follows： ethyl acetate layer petroleum layer = n-butanol layer total extracts （ethanol） water layer. The contact toxicity of ethanol extract and petroleum extract against 6th instar larvae of T. motlitorlin was the highest, and the corrected mortality rate at 48 h reached 71.42% and 66.67%, LC50 were 83.899 8 and 86.687 7 mg/ml, respectively. The overall performance of insecticidal activity was as follows： total extracts （ethanol） petroleum layer ethyl acetate layer n-butanol layer water layer. [Conclusion] The insecticidal active components of M. cordata root were distributed within the polarity range of petroleum and ethyl acetate, and the part could be further separated and identified.展开更多
The current research study focuses to formulate the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles for the first time from silver acetate using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros sylvatica,a member of family Ebenaceae. TEM an...The current research study focuses to formulate the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles for the first time from silver acetate using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros sylvatica,a member of family Ebenaceae. TEM analysis revealed the average diameter of Ag NPs around 8 nm which is in good agreement with the average crystallite size（10 nm）calculated from X-ray Diffraction（XRD）analysis. Further the study has been extended to the antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic Gram（＋）ve,Gram（-）ve bacterial and fungal strains. The bioinspired Ag-NP showed promising activity against all the tested bacterial strains and the activity was enhanced with increased dosage levels展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Ligusticum ported is a traditional Native American herb. The roots of L. ported are traditionally used in the treatment of many diseases, however, its cytotoxicity, antioxidative and immune- modulatory eff...OBJECTIVE： Ligusticum ported is a traditional Native American herb. The roots of L. ported are traditionally used in the treatment of many diseases, however, its cytotoxicity, antioxidative and immune- modulatory effects need to be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the root extract at different doses on human peripheral blood lymphocytes （PBLs）. METHODS： The lymphocytes were incubated with different concentrations of the root extracts （0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL） and harvested every 6 h for 2 d （P〈0.05）. The protective effect of the herb against oxidative damage was determined by inducing oxidative stress with the administration of 50 μmol/L of hydrogen peroxide （H202）. RESULTS： Treatments with L. ported at 200 and 400 pg/mL increased the viability of PBLs. The deleterious effect of H2O2 was ameliorated by 400μg/mL L. ported treatment. Addition of 400 μg/mL L. ported reduced lipid peroxidation in stressed PBLs by 94% （P〈0.05）. Treatment with 400 μg/mL of L. ported resulted in a 26.4% increase of reduced glutathione levels. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased by 17.5% and 55.2% respectively, when stressed PBLs were treated with 400 μg/mL L. ported for 2 d （P〈0.05）. Treatment with 400 μg/mL L. ported increased interferon-γand interleukin-2 expressions in H2O2-challenged PBLs （P〈0.05）, however, the root extract did not cause a significant difference in interleukin-10 levels compared to the control （P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION： The findings suggest that L involving protective effects against oxidative ported might be a potential immune-modulating agent damage.展开更多
The anti-aging effects of a cream containing L-carnosine and ginseng root extract to provide a reference for the evaluation and development of anti-aging cosmetics were tested. Sixty healthy females, aged 35-60,were g...The anti-aging effects of a cream containing L-carnosine and ginseng root extract to provide a reference for the evaluation and development of anti-aging cosmetics were tested. Sixty healthy females, aged 35-60,were grouped into test sample and placebo groups. Skin elasticity, gloss, and wrinkles of the participants were analyzed before use and after use for 8 weeks. Instrument measurement results showed that after 8 weeks,skin elasticity, gloss, and wrinkles in the members of the test sample group obviously improved relative to those of the placebo group. Clinical effect assessment results showed that subjects did not experience adverse skin reactions, and their skin gloss showed obvious improvement. Self-assessment results showed that 87%subjects are satisfied with the test sample. Cream containing L-carnosine and ginseng root extract has a certain anti-aging effect.展开更多
This experiment was conducted in Horticulture Department, School of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Duhok, Iraq in 2010 on Chrysanthemum plants, in order to mitigate the adverse in...This experiment was conducted in Horticulture Department, School of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Duhok, Iraq in 2010 on Chrysanthemum plants, in order to mitigate the adverse influence of salinity by the use of liquorice root extract and study its effect on vegetative growth, chlorophyll content in leaves from chlorophyll and assistant pigment, carbohydrate and starch. Subsequently, the trail consisted of three levels of salinity （0, 4 and 8 ds m^-1） and three concentrations of the liquorice root extract 0, 2.5 and 5 g L^-1. Results showed that salinity （4 ds m^-1） rate caused significant increases in certain vegetative characteristics （branches number, plant height, leaves number and leaf area）, photosynthetic pigments （Chl a, Chl b, total chlorophyll, a-carotene, β-carotene, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin）, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot： root ratio, carbohydrate dry weight percentage and starch percentage as compared to untreated check. However, increasing salinity rate to 8 ds m^-1 resulted in substantial reductions in all above mentioned Waits. Treatment with liquorices root extract, in particular, 5 g L^-1 manifested a potent capability in ameliorating the salinity negative effects in terms of vegetative and photosynthetic pigments aspects.展开更多
Lithospermum erythrorhizon(LE)is a plant of which the root has a long medicinal use history.Modern researches have confirmed the positive effects of LE root extract on human.Also,many effective compositions of this ex...Lithospermum erythrorhizon(LE)is a plant of which the root has a long medicinal use history.Modern researches have confirmed the positive effects of LE root extract on human.Also,many effective compositions of this extract have been identified.The benefits brought by LE root extract,such as anti-oxidation and antiinflammation,on human makes it a great additive in cosmetic formula.The composition,benefits,and extracting method were reviewed in this work based on the consideration of applying LE root extract as a cosmetic additive.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of Merremia Iridentala (M.tridentala) root(MTRAE) in normal,glucose-loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotoein(STZ)induced diabetic rats.Methods:Oral ad...Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of Merremia Iridentala (M.tridentala) root(MTRAE) in normal,glucose-loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotoein(STZ)induced diabetic rats.Methods:Oral administration of MTRAE at the doses of 50,100 and 150 nig/kg was studied in normal,glucose-loaded and STZ-diabetie rats.The three doses caused significant reduction in blood glucose levels in all the models.Results:The effect was more pronounced in 100 and 150 mg/kg than 50 mg/kg.MTRAK also showed significaut increase in serum insulin,body weight and glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscle of STZ-induced dialietie rats while there was significant reduction in the levels of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol.MTRAE also showed significant antilipidperoxidative effect in the pancreas of STZinduced diabetic rats.The antidiabetic effect of M.tridentata was compared with glibenclamide. a well known hypoglycemic drug.Conclusions:The results indicate that aqueous extract of M. tridentata root possesses significant antidiabetic activity.展开更多
It is well accepted in China that elder ginsengs have more bioactivity and value than younger ones. However, there is little research about the comparison of beneficial effects of ginsengs with different ages. In this...It is well accepted in China that elder ginsengs have more bioactivity and value than younger ones. However, there is little research about the comparison of beneficial effects of ginsengs with different ages. In this study, ginseng root extracts (GRE) were extracted from ginsengs of 5, 8, 12, 14, and 16 years old, respectively, using 55% ethanol and their effects on human leukemic K562 cells within 48 hours were tested by using Cell Counting Kit-8. The results show that there are significant increases in the cell viability of all the GRE groups compared with Control group within 32 hours. Furthermore, the growth curves of GRE groups were obviously distinct from each other. The cell viability of 5-year-old and 8-year-old GRE groups kept a rapid increase while that of 16-year-old GRE group showed a strong fluctuation within 28 hours. Our results demonstrate that root extracts from ginsengs of different ages contain different bioactivity constituents and have different effects on cell.展开更多
Objective] This study aimed to investigate the al elopathy effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of different adzuki bean （Vigna angularis） vari-eties in wheat root aqueous extracts. [Method] Culture di...Objective] This study aimed to investigate the al elopathy effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of different adzuki bean （Vigna angularis） vari-eties in wheat root aqueous extracts. [Method] Culture dish method and pot experi-ment were carried out with the seeds and the seedling of 10 adzuki bean varieties, respectively, and seed germination rate and various indexes of the seedlings were measured. [Result] ① 30 g/L wheat root aqueous extracts very significantly im-proved the germination rate and sprouting index of B1789, Baihong 3, Baohong 947. ② The genotype differences of adzuki bean seedling was presented by the morphological index in wheat root aqueous extracts treatment; among al the mor-phological indexes, Baohong 947, Jinhong 3 presented a positive al elopathic effect, and their plant height, root length and leaf area were extremely significantly in-creased, while the fresh weights of both above-ground and underground parts were increased obviously, compared with the control. ③ According to the synthetical al-lelopathic indices, wheat root aqueous extracts had different degrees of promoting effects on the six adzuki bean varieties： Baohong 947〉Baihong 6〉B1789〉Zunhua-hong〉Jihong〉Jinhong 3〉Baohong 8824-17〉Baihong 3. ④ Treated by wheat root aqueous extract, the SOD activity, POD activity, MDA content, TTC activity and chlorophyl content in the seedlings of adzuki beans of different genotypes changed by a smal er range in al elopathic promotion varieties than in al elopathic inhibition varieties. [Conclusion] The results proved that Baohong 947 is the best summer-planting variety after wheat.展开更多
Based on the standard definition of the product (concatenation), the natural non-negative degree of the language is introduced. Root extraction is the reverse operation to it, and it can be defined in several differen...Based on the standard definition of the product (concatenation), the natural non-negative degree of the language is introduced. Root extraction is the reverse operation to it, and it can be defined in several different ways. Despite the simplicity of the formulation of the problem of extracting the root, the authors could not find any description of it in the literature (as well as on the Internet), including even its formulation. Most of the material in this article is devoted to the simplest version of the formulation: the root of the 2<sup>nd</sup> degree for the 1-letter alphabet, but many of the provisions of the article are generalized to more complex cases. Apparently, for a possible future description of a polynomial algorithm for solving at least one of the described statements of root extraction problems, it is first necessary to really analyze in detail such a special case, that is: either describe the necessary polynomial algorithm, or, conversely, show that the problem belongs to the class of NP-complete problems. Thus, in this article, we do not propose a polynomial algorithm for the problems under consideration;however, the models described here should help in constructing appropriate heuristic algorithms for their solution. A detailed description of the possible further application of such heuristic algorithms is beyond the scope of this article. .展开更多
AIM: To investigate the cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory activity, and action mechanism of root bark extracts of Acanthopanax henryi. METHOD: The hot methanol extract of the root bark of A. henryi was subjected to XAD-...AIM: To investigate the cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory activity, and action mechanism of root bark extracts of Acanthopanax henryi. METHOD: The hot methanol extract of the root bark of A. henryi was subjected to XAD-4 column chromatography eluting with a gradient of methanol in water. The cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of the MeOH fractions were evaluated on the inhibition on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RESULTS: The 80% MeOH fraction was a better inhibitor of LPS-induced NO, PGE2, IL-1β, and IL-6 production, and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) at the protein levels in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: The 80% MeOH fraction of A. henryi root bark has significant anti-inflammatory activity. This provides a pharmacological basis for clinical application for the treatment of inflammation.展开更多
The property of extraction solution is an important factor influencing the extraction efficiency. In the present work, the effect of the property of solution on extraction of GA was studied, which including the concen...The property of extraction solution is an important factor influencing the extraction efficiency. In the present work, the effect of the property of solution on extraction of GA was studied, which including the concentration of ethanol, ammonia and cation (M+), pH of extraction solution, different kinds of organic solvent etc. The results show that 50%-60%(v/v) ethanol can reach high percentage extraction of GA. If 1% (v/v) ammonia solution was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, the percentage extraction can be increased from 2.0% to 2.31%. Without ammonia, 50mmol/L [M+] (M+ = K+, NH4+) was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, percentage extraction of GA can reach about 2.26%. If pH of solution (60% ethanol) was adjust to pH=4.0, it can reach high percentage extraction. If pH of solution (60% ethanol + 50mmol [M+], pH=6.1) was adjust tO PH=4.0, especially M+ is K+ or NH4+, it can reach almost same extraction efficiency as that of 1% ammonia solution + 60% ethanol, and the operation environment can be greatly improved.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the extraction technology of polysaccharides from Radix Glehniae root bark, and to explore the processing methods of Radix Glehniae in producing areas. [ Method...[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the extraction technology of polysaccharides from Radix Glehniae root bark, and to explore the processing methods of Radix Glehniae in producing areas. [ Method ] Based on the single-factor experiment, with polysaccharide content and polysaccharide yield as indices, various factors affecting polysaccharide yield from Radix Glehniae root bark were investigated by central composite design-response surface method. Mo- reover, immune functions of cyclophosphamide-induced blood-deficient mice in various polysaccharide groups were compared to investigate the effects of root bark removal of Radix Glehniae on medicinal quality. [ Result] Ultrasonic extraction was the appropriate extraction technology of polysaccharides from Radix Glehniae root bark. The optimal ultrasonic extraction conditions were ultrasonic time 36 min, ultrasonic power 460 W, solid-liquid ratio 1： 10, ethanol concentration 80%, under which polysaccharide yield reached 16.08%. Polysaccharides extracted from Radix Glehniae root （ALP） and Radix Glehniae root bark （BLP） could effec- tively improve immune function of blood-deficient mice with no significant differences. [ Conclusion] Radix Glehniae could be used without removal of root bark. The optimized extraction process was stable and feasible, which laid a solid foundation for further comprehensive development and utilization of Radix Glehniae root bark.展开更多
A dynamic microwave-assisted extraction（DMAE） method is established for the extraction of total ginsenosides from ginseng fibrous roots. The extraction process has been simulated and its main affection factors（liqu...A dynamic microwave-assisted extraction（DMAE） method is established for the extraction of total ginsenosides from ginseng fibrous roots. The extraction process has been simulated and its main affection factors（liquid/solid ratio K of solvent to ginseng powders（V/m）, irradiation time, irradiation temperature, extracting solution concentration, flow rate of solvent and microwave power） have been optimized by response surface methodology（RSM）. The optimum conditions of extraction are the liquid/solid ratio of 270 m L/g, the extraction temperature of 75 ℃, the extraction time of 35 min, ethanol concentration of 70%（V/V）, the solvent flow rate of 1.3 m L/min, and the microwave power of 500 W. The yield of ginsenosides obtained by the proposed DAME method is（15.0±0.7） %, which is well agreement with the yield predicted by the model. Compared with static microwave-assisted extraction, DMAE has a higher extraction yield and can avoid the degradation of ginsenoside.展开更多
Objective:To explore the phytochemical constituents from petroleum ether and diehloromethane extracts of Moringa oleifera(M.oleufera)roots using GC/GC—MS.Methods:A total of 5.11 kg fresh and undried crashed root of M...Objective:To explore the phytochemical constituents from petroleum ether and diehloromethane extracts of Moringa oleifera(M.oleufera)roots using GC/GC—MS.Methods:A total of 5.11 kg fresh and undried crashed root of M.oleifera were cut into small pieces and extracted with petroleum ether and diehloromethane(20 L.each) at room temperature for 2 d.The concentrated extracts were subjected to their GC—MS analysis.Results:The GC-MS analysis of the petroleum ether and diehloromethane extracts of M.oleifern roots,which showed promising biological activities,has resulted in the identification 102 compounds.These constituents belong to 15 classes of compounds including hydrocarbons,fatty acids,esters,alcohols,isolhioeyanate.thiocyanale,pyrazine,aromalics.alkamides.cyanides,steroids,halocompounds.urea and N-hydroxyimine derivatives,unsaturated alkenamides.alkyne and indole.GC/GC-MS studies on petroleum ether extraet of the roots revealed that it contained 39 compounds,belonging to nine classes.Cyclooctasulfur S8 has been isolated as a pure compound from the extract.The major compounds identified from petroleum ether extract were trans-13-clocosene(37.9%).nonacosane(32.6%).cycloartenol(28.6%) nonadecanoic acid(13.9%) and cyclooctasulfur S8(13.9%).Dichloromethane extract of the roots was composed of 63 compounds of which nasimizinol(58.8%) along with oleic acid(46.5%),N—benzyl-N-(7—cyanato heptanamide(38.3%),N—benzyl-N—(1—chlorononyl) amide(30.3%),bis[3—benzyl prop-2-ene]-1-one(19.5%) and N.N-dibeuzyl—2-ene pent 1.5—diamide(11.6%) were the main constituents.Conclusions:This study helps to predict the formula and structure of active molecules which can be used as drugs.This result also enhances the traditional usage of M.oleifera which possesses a number of bioactive compounds.展开更多
There are several lines of indications on the importance of plants as accepted sources of therapeutic agents since most synthetic antioxidants and antibiotics have been associated with cytotoxicity and/or microbial re...There are several lines of indications on the importance of plants as accepted sources of therapeutic agents since most synthetic antioxidants and antibiotics have been associated with cytotoxicity and/or microbial resistance. In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of a brown compound recovered from the ethanol extractable fraction (EEF) and white crystals isolated from the chloroform-methanol elution (CME) following column chromatography of the ethanolic extracts of roots of Securinega virosa were examined. Preparations from the white crystalline compound recorded greater antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activities than the crude ethanol extracts of S. virosa. Both the ethanol extract and the crystals showed significant antimicrobial activities against all microbes employed in this study. The crystalline compound demonstrated the highest zone of inhibition against the microbes Enterococcus faecalis with varied inhibitory activities with respect to other microorganisms. The least inhibition was against Pseudomonas fluorescens. The overall range was 8.0 - 22.5 mm. The EEF of the roots of S. virosa recorded its highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. There was varied inhibitory activity against other organisms;the least was against Micrococcus liteus. The zone of inhibition ranged 6.33 - 17.67 mm. Similar to the trends in susceptibility test, the EEF showed appreciable minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), ranging from 3.13 - 25 mg/mL against test microorganisms while the crystalline preparation had a MIC range of 1.5 - 25 mg/mL except against Salmonella typhii which was 50 mg/mL. Both extracts demonstrated their highest activity against E. faecalis reducing significantly in a dose-dependent manner by each sample against the rest of the test microbes. However, the standard broad-spectrum antibiotic, chloramphenicol, used elicited a zone of inhibition ranging from 0 - 30 mm but with no activity against Streptococcus thermophilus. We conclude that both the EEF and the white crystal compound isolated from the CME chromatographic fraction are potentially excellent sources of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the optimal method for extracting RNA from roots of medicinal plant herba violae by comparing the effects of liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning...[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the optimal method for extracting RNA from roots of medicinal plant herba violae by comparing the effects of liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method on RNA extraction. [ Method] Roots of herba violae were respectively crushed by using liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method to extract RNA. The extraction effects of these two methods were compared based on detec- tion of RNA concentration, purity and integrity and amplification of GAPDH gene by RT-PCR. [Result] The concentration of RNA extracted by liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method was 1.21 and 3.57 p^g/~, respectively. Both RNA extracted by these two methods showed two distinct bands after agarose gel electrophoresis. The ratio of brightness of the 28S rRNA to the 18S rRNA bands was greater than 1. PCR amplification showed that the length of GAPDH gene was about 230 bp, which was consistent with the expected result. [ Conclusion ] The experimental results indicated that using low-tempera ture sectioning method to crush the roots of herba violae can meet the needs of most molecular biological experiments including gene cloning and expression analysis, which is an effective and simple method for extracting RNA from plant roots.展开更多
A cryptosystem based on computation of square roots of complex integers modulo composite n is described in this paper. This paper provides an algorithm extracting a square root of Gaussian integer. Various properties ...A cryptosystem based on computation of square roots of complex integers modulo composite n is described in this paper. This paper provides an algorithm extracting a square root of Gaussian integer. Various properties of square roots and a method for finding Gaussian generators are demonstrated. The generators can be instrumental in constructing other cryptosystems. It is shown how to significantly reduce average complexity of decryption per each block of ciphertext.展开更多
文摘A hair tonic containing 1.0%Arctium lappa root extract(ALRE)was evaluated for its efficacy and tolerability in Chinese consumers.ALRE was selected based on its ability to promote Collagen Type XVII Alpha 1(COL17A1)synthesis,along with other active ingredients targeting scalp health and follicular regeneration.In vitro assays confirmed that ALRE significantly enhanced COL17A1 expression.A 28-day clinical trial involving Chinese participants demonstrated that the tonic reduced hair loss by 37.61%and increased local hair density by 26.63%,with no reported adverse effects.These findings validate the product’s effectiveness in a distinct consumer population and highlight the importance of integrating mechanistic insights with clinical validation.Further research should explore long-term efficacy and demographic-specific responses to optimize its application.
文摘As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine component,Corydalis yanhusuo is gradually attracting the attention of the skin care industry.In this study,Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion(CTR50)was used as the research object.The related activities of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion were studied by cytotoxicity test,in vitro and in vivo antioxidant test and cell scratch healing test.The results showed that the dispersion of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract had no cytotoxicity to HaCaT cells.When the concentration of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract dispersion was 5%,the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was 35.05%,and the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical was weak;CTR50 can significantly increase the activity of SOD in HaCaT cells,increase the content of antioxidant factor GSH in HaCaT cells induced by UVB,and improve the oxidative stability of skin;it significantly promoted the healing ability of HaCaT cells at the scratch site.It can be seen that the dispersion of Corydalis yanhusuo root extract has the potential to be used as a functional raw material for natural skin care products,which provides a theoretical basis for its development and application in the field of cosmetics.
基金Supported by Hebei Science and Technology Research and Development Project(10220302D)
文摘[Objective] The study was to screen the active part from roots of Macleaya cordata. [Method] Dipping method was used to study the contact activity of ethanol extract and 4 kinds of extracts by petroleum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water from the root of M. cordata on 2nd and 6th instars larvae of T. motlitorlin（L.）. [Result] The corrected mortality rate of T. motlitorlin increased with the increase of extract concentration. When the concentration was 100 mg/ml, the contact activity of ethyl acetate extract against 2nd instar larvae of T. motlitorlin was the highest, the corrected mortality rate at 48 h reached 80.95%, and LC50 was 65.532 9 mg/ml. The overall performance of insecticidal activity was as follows： ethyl acetate layer petroleum layer = n-butanol layer total extracts （ethanol） water layer. The contact toxicity of ethanol extract and petroleum extract against 6th instar larvae of T. motlitorlin was the highest, and the corrected mortality rate at 48 h reached 71.42% and 66.67%, LC50 were 83.899 8 and 86.687 7 mg/ml, respectively. The overall performance of insecticidal activity was as follows： total extracts （ethanol） petroleum layer ethyl acetate layer n-butanol layer water layer. [Conclusion] The insecticidal active components of M. cordata root were distributed within the polarity range of petroleum and ethyl acetate, and the part could be further separated and identified.
基金the BK 21 PLUS programme for Post Doctoral Fellowship and DST-PURSE Programme No.SR/S9/2-23-2015 for the financial assistance and Advanced Analytical Laboratory,Andhra University
文摘The current research study focuses to formulate the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles for the first time from silver acetate using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros sylvatica,a member of family Ebenaceae. TEM analysis revealed the average diameter of Ag NPs around 8 nm which is in good agreement with the average crystallite size（10 nm）calculated from X-ray Diffraction（XRD）analysis. Further the study has been extended to the antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic Gram（＋）ve,Gram（-）ve bacterial and fungal strains. The bioinspired Ag-NP showed promising activity against all the tested bacterial strains and the activity was enhanced with increased dosage levels
基金supported by a grant from Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
文摘OBJECTIVE： Ligusticum ported is a traditional Native American herb. The roots of L. ported are traditionally used in the treatment of many diseases, however, its cytotoxicity, antioxidative and immune- modulatory effects need to be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the root extract at different doses on human peripheral blood lymphocytes （PBLs）. METHODS： The lymphocytes were incubated with different concentrations of the root extracts （0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL） and harvested every 6 h for 2 d （P〈0.05）. The protective effect of the herb against oxidative damage was determined by inducing oxidative stress with the administration of 50 μmol/L of hydrogen peroxide （H202）. RESULTS： Treatments with L. ported at 200 and 400 pg/mL increased the viability of PBLs. The deleterious effect of H2O2 was ameliorated by 400μg/mL L. ported treatment. Addition of 400 μg/mL L. ported reduced lipid peroxidation in stressed PBLs by 94% （P〈0.05）. Treatment with 400 μg/mL of L. ported resulted in a 26.4% increase of reduced glutathione levels. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased by 17.5% and 55.2% respectively, when stressed PBLs were treated with 400 μg/mL L. ported for 2 d （P〈0.05）. Treatment with 400 μg/mL L. ported increased interferon-γand interleukin-2 expressions in H2O2-challenged PBLs （P〈0.05）, however, the root extract did not cause a significant difference in interleukin-10 levels compared to the control （P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION： The findings suggest that L involving protective effects against oxidative ported might be a potential immune-modulating agent damage.
文摘The anti-aging effects of a cream containing L-carnosine and ginseng root extract to provide a reference for the evaluation and development of anti-aging cosmetics were tested. Sixty healthy females, aged 35-60,were grouped into test sample and placebo groups. Skin elasticity, gloss, and wrinkles of the participants were analyzed before use and after use for 8 weeks. Instrument measurement results showed that after 8 weeks,skin elasticity, gloss, and wrinkles in the members of the test sample group obviously improved relative to those of the placebo group. Clinical effect assessment results showed that subjects did not experience adverse skin reactions, and their skin gloss showed obvious improvement. Self-assessment results showed that 87%subjects are satisfied with the test sample. Cream containing L-carnosine and ginseng root extract has a certain anti-aging effect.
文摘This experiment was conducted in Horticulture Department, School of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Duhok, Iraq in 2010 on Chrysanthemum plants, in order to mitigate the adverse influence of salinity by the use of liquorice root extract and study its effect on vegetative growth, chlorophyll content in leaves from chlorophyll and assistant pigment, carbohydrate and starch. Subsequently, the trail consisted of three levels of salinity （0, 4 and 8 ds m^-1） and three concentrations of the liquorice root extract 0, 2.5 and 5 g L^-1. Results showed that salinity （4 ds m^-1） rate caused significant increases in certain vegetative characteristics （branches number, plant height, leaves number and leaf area）, photosynthetic pigments （Chl a, Chl b, total chlorophyll, a-carotene, β-carotene, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin）, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot： root ratio, carbohydrate dry weight percentage and starch percentage as compared to untreated check. However, increasing salinity rate to 8 ds m^-1 resulted in substantial reductions in all above mentioned Waits. Treatment with liquorices root extract, in particular, 5 g L^-1 manifested a potent capability in ameliorating the salinity negative effects in terms of vegetative and photosynthetic pigments aspects.
文摘Lithospermum erythrorhizon(LE)is a plant of which the root has a long medicinal use history.Modern researches have confirmed the positive effects of LE root extract on human.Also,many effective compositions of this extract have been identified.The benefits brought by LE root extract,such as anti-oxidation and antiinflammation,on human makes it a great additive in cosmetic formula.The composition,benefits,and extracting method were reviewed in this work based on the consideration of applying LE root extract as a cosmetic additive.
文摘Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of Merremia Iridentala (M.tridentala) root(MTRAE) in normal,glucose-loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotoein(STZ)induced diabetic rats.Methods:Oral administration of MTRAE at the doses of 50,100 and 150 nig/kg was studied in normal,glucose-loaded and STZ-diabetie rats.The three doses caused significant reduction in blood glucose levels in all the models.Results:The effect was more pronounced in 100 and 150 mg/kg than 50 mg/kg.MTRAK also showed significaut increase in serum insulin,body weight and glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscle of STZ-induced dialietie rats while there was significant reduction in the levels of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol.MTRAE also showed significant antilipidperoxidative effect in the pancreas of STZinduced diabetic rats.The antidiabetic effect of M.tridentata was compared with glibenclamide. a well known hypoglycemic drug.Conclusions:The results indicate that aqueous extract of M. tridentata root possesses significant antidiabetic activity.
文摘It is well accepted in China that elder ginsengs have more bioactivity and value than younger ones. However, there is little research about the comparison of beneficial effects of ginsengs with different ages. In this study, ginseng root extracts (GRE) were extracted from ginsengs of 5, 8, 12, 14, and 16 years old, respectively, using 55% ethanol and their effects on human leukemic K562 cells within 48 hours were tested by using Cell Counting Kit-8. The results show that there are significant increases in the cell viability of all the GRE groups compared with Control group within 32 hours. Furthermore, the growth curves of GRE groups were obviously distinct from each other. The cell viability of 5-year-old and 8-year-old GRE groups kept a rapid increase while that of 16-year-old GRE group showed a strong fluctuation within 28 hours. Our results demonstrate that root extracts from ginsengs of different ages contain different bioactivity constituents and have different effects on cell.
基金Supported by the Fund for Construction Program of Chemical Advantage and Key Discipline of Shanxi Province of China(912019)~~
文摘Objective] This study aimed to investigate the al elopathy effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of different adzuki bean （Vigna angularis） vari-eties in wheat root aqueous extracts. [Method] Culture dish method and pot experi-ment were carried out with the seeds and the seedling of 10 adzuki bean varieties, respectively, and seed germination rate and various indexes of the seedlings were measured. [Result] ① 30 g/L wheat root aqueous extracts very significantly im-proved the germination rate and sprouting index of B1789, Baihong 3, Baohong 947. ② The genotype differences of adzuki bean seedling was presented by the morphological index in wheat root aqueous extracts treatment; among al the mor-phological indexes, Baohong 947, Jinhong 3 presented a positive al elopathic effect, and their plant height, root length and leaf area were extremely significantly in-creased, while the fresh weights of both above-ground and underground parts were increased obviously, compared with the control. ③ According to the synthetical al-lelopathic indices, wheat root aqueous extracts had different degrees of promoting effects on the six adzuki bean varieties： Baohong 947〉Baihong 6〉B1789〉Zunhua-hong〉Jihong〉Jinhong 3〉Baohong 8824-17〉Baihong 3. ④ Treated by wheat root aqueous extract, the SOD activity, POD activity, MDA content, TTC activity and chlorophyl content in the seedlings of adzuki beans of different genotypes changed by a smal er range in al elopathic promotion varieties than in al elopathic inhibition varieties. [Conclusion] The results proved that Baohong 947 is the best summer-planting variety after wheat.
文摘Based on the standard definition of the product (concatenation), the natural non-negative degree of the language is introduced. Root extraction is the reverse operation to it, and it can be defined in several different ways. Despite the simplicity of the formulation of the problem of extracting the root, the authors could not find any description of it in the literature (as well as on the Internet), including even its formulation. Most of the material in this article is devoted to the simplest version of the formulation: the root of the 2<sup>nd</sup> degree for the 1-letter alphabet, but many of the provisions of the article are generalized to more complex cases. Apparently, for a possible future description of a polynomial algorithm for solving at least one of the described statements of root extraction problems, it is first necessary to really analyze in detail such a special case, that is: either describe the necessary polynomial algorithm, or, conversely, show that the problem belongs to the class of NP-complete problems. Thus, in this article, we do not propose a polynomial algorithm for the problems under consideration;however, the models described here should help in constructing appropriate heuristic algorithms for their solution. A detailed description of the possible further application of such heuristic algorithms is beyond the scope of this article. .
基金supported by the PhD Program Open Foundation of the Food and Drug Administration of KoreaHunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.11JJ2042)+1 种基金the Science of Pharmaceutical Analysis of Twelfth Five-Year Key Discipline Projects of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineScience of Chinese Materia Medica of Twelfth Five-Year Key Discipline Projects of Hunan Province
文摘AIM: To investigate the cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory activity, and action mechanism of root bark extracts of Acanthopanax henryi. METHOD: The hot methanol extract of the root bark of A. henryi was subjected to XAD-4 column chromatography eluting with a gradient of methanol in water. The cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of the MeOH fractions were evaluated on the inhibition on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RESULTS: The 80% MeOH fraction was a better inhibitor of LPS-induced NO, PGE2, IL-1β, and IL-6 production, and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) at the protein levels in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: The 80% MeOH fraction of A. henryi root bark has significant anti-inflammatory activity. This provides a pharmacological basis for clinical application for the treatment of inflammation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.29836130).
文摘The property of extraction solution is an important factor influencing the extraction efficiency. In the present work, the effect of the property of solution on extraction of GA was studied, which including the concentration of ethanol, ammonia and cation (M+), pH of extraction solution, different kinds of organic solvent etc. The results show that 50%-60%(v/v) ethanol can reach high percentage extraction of GA. If 1% (v/v) ammonia solution was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, the percentage extraction can be increased from 2.0% to 2.31%. Without ammonia, 50mmol/L [M+] (M+ = K+, NH4+) was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, percentage extraction of GA can reach about 2.26%. If pH of solution (60% ethanol) was adjust to pH=4.0, it can reach high percentage extraction. If pH of solution (60% ethanol + 50mmol [M+], pH=6.1) was adjust tO PH=4.0, especially M+ is K+ or NH4+, it can reach almost same extraction efficiency as that of 1% ammonia solution + 60% ethanol, and the operation environment can be greatly improved.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Support Program of Agriculture(BE2012434)Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean(201505023)
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the extraction technology of polysaccharides from Radix Glehniae root bark, and to explore the processing methods of Radix Glehniae in producing areas. [ Method ] Based on the single-factor experiment, with polysaccharide content and polysaccharide yield as indices, various factors affecting polysaccharide yield from Radix Glehniae root bark were investigated by central composite design-response surface method. Mo- reover, immune functions of cyclophosphamide-induced blood-deficient mice in various polysaccharide groups were compared to investigate the effects of root bark removal of Radix Glehniae on medicinal quality. [ Result] Ultrasonic extraction was the appropriate extraction technology of polysaccharides from Radix Glehniae root bark. The optimal ultrasonic extraction conditions were ultrasonic time 36 min, ultrasonic power 460 W, solid-liquid ratio 1： 10, ethanol concentration 80%, under which polysaccharide yield reached 16.08%. Polysaccharides extracted from Radix Glehniae root （ALP） and Radix Glehniae root bark （BLP） could effec- tively improve immune function of blood-deficient mice with no significant differences. [ Conclusion] Radix Glehniae could be used without removal of root bark. The optimized extraction process was stable and feasible, which laid a solid foundation for further comprehensive development and utilization of Radix Glehniae root bark.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21006075)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2014CFA115)+1 种基金the New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-11-0966)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(213024A)
文摘A dynamic microwave-assisted extraction（DMAE） method is established for the extraction of total ginsenosides from ginseng fibrous roots. The extraction process has been simulated and its main affection factors（liquid/solid ratio K of solvent to ginseng powders（V/m）, irradiation time, irradiation temperature, extracting solution concentration, flow rate of solvent and microwave power） have been optimized by response surface methodology（RSM）. The optimum conditions of extraction are the liquid/solid ratio of 270 m L/g, the extraction temperature of 75 ℃, the extraction time of 35 min, ethanol concentration of 70%（V/V）, the solvent flow rate of 1.3 m L/min, and the microwave power of 500 W. The yield of ginsenosides obtained by the proposed DAME method is（15.0±0.7） %, which is well agreement with the yield predicted by the model. Compared with static microwave-assisted extraction, DMAE has a higher extraction yield and can avoid the degradation of ginsenoside.
文摘Objective:To explore the phytochemical constituents from petroleum ether and diehloromethane extracts of Moringa oleifera(M.oleufera)roots using GC/GC—MS.Methods:A total of 5.11 kg fresh and undried crashed root of M.oleifera were cut into small pieces and extracted with petroleum ether and diehloromethane(20 L.each) at room temperature for 2 d.The concentrated extracts were subjected to their GC—MS analysis.Results:The GC-MS analysis of the petroleum ether and diehloromethane extracts of M.oleifern roots,which showed promising biological activities,has resulted in the identification 102 compounds.These constituents belong to 15 classes of compounds including hydrocarbons,fatty acids,esters,alcohols,isolhioeyanate.thiocyanale,pyrazine,aromalics.alkamides.cyanides,steroids,halocompounds.urea and N-hydroxyimine derivatives,unsaturated alkenamides.alkyne and indole.GC/GC-MS studies on petroleum ether extraet of the roots revealed that it contained 39 compounds,belonging to nine classes.Cyclooctasulfur S8 has been isolated as a pure compound from the extract.The major compounds identified from petroleum ether extract were trans-13-clocosene(37.9%).nonacosane(32.6%).cycloartenol(28.6%) nonadecanoic acid(13.9%) and cyclooctasulfur S8(13.9%).Dichloromethane extract of the roots was composed of 63 compounds of which nasimizinol(58.8%) along with oleic acid(46.5%),N—benzyl-N-(7—cyanato heptanamide(38.3%),N—benzyl-N—(1—chlorononyl) amide(30.3%),bis[3—benzyl prop-2-ene]-1-one(19.5%) and N.N-dibeuzyl—2-ene pent 1.5—diamide(11.6%) were the main constituents.Conclusions:This study helps to predict the formula and structure of active molecules which can be used as drugs.This result also enhances the traditional usage of M.oleifera which possesses a number of bioactive compounds.
文摘There are several lines of indications on the importance of plants as accepted sources of therapeutic agents since most synthetic antioxidants and antibiotics have been associated with cytotoxicity and/or microbial resistance. In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of a brown compound recovered from the ethanol extractable fraction (EEF) and white crystals isolated from the chloroform-methanol elution (CME) following column chromatography of the ethanolic extracts of roots of Securinega virosa were examined. Preparations from the white crystalline compound recorded greater antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activities than the crude ethanol extracts of S. virosa. Both the ethanol extract and the crystals showed significant antimicrobial activities against all microbes employed in this study. The crystalline compound demonstrated the highest zone of inhibition against the microbes Enterococcus faecalis with varied inhibitory activities with respect to other microorganisms. The least inhibition was against Pseudomonas fluorescens. The overall range was 8.0 - 22.5 mm. The EEF of the roots of S. virosa recorded its highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. There was varied inhibitory activity against other organisms;the least was against Micrococcus liteus. The zone of inhibition ranged 6.33 - 17.67 mm. Similar to the trends in susceptibility test, the EEF showed appreciable minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), ranging from 3.13 - 25 mg/mL against test microorganisms while the crystalline preparation had a MIC range of 1.5 - 25 mg/mL except against Salmonella typhii which was 50 mg/mL. Both extracts demonstrated their highest activity against E. faecalis reducing significantly in a dose-dependent manner by each sample against the rest of the test microbes. However, the standard broad-spectrum antibiotic, chloramphenicol, used elicited a zone of inhibition ranging from 0 - 30 mm but with no activity against Streptococcus thermophilus. We conclude that both the EEF and the white crystal compound isolated from the CME chromatographic fraction are potentially excellent sources of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81001700)Project of Sichuan Provincial Education Department(11ZB227,11ZB124)Research Project for the Application Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2012JY0081)
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the optimal method for extracting RNA from roots of medicinal plant herba violae by comparing the effects of liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method on RNA extraction. [ Method] Roots of herba violae were respectively crushed by using liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method to extract RNA. The extraction effects of these two methods were compared based on detec- tion of RNA concentration, purity and integrity and amplification of GAPDH gene by RT-PCR. [Result] The concentration of RNA extracted by liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method was 1.21 and 3.57 p^g/~, respectively. Both RNA extracted by these two methods showed two distinct bands after agarose gel electrophoresis. The ratio of brightness of the 28S rRNA to the 18S rRNA bands was greater than 1. PCR amplification showed that the length of GAPDH gene was about 230 bp, which was consistent with the expected result. [ Conclusion ] The experimental results indicated that using low-tempera ture sectioning method to crush the roots of herba violae can meet the needs of most molecular biological experiments including gene cloning and expression analysis, which is an effective and simple method for extracting RNA from plant roots.
文摘A cryptosystem based on computation of square roots of complex integers modulo composite n is described in this paper. This paper provides an algorithm extracting a square root of Gaussian integer. Various properties of square roots and a method for finding Gaussian generators are demonstrated. The generators can be instrumental in constructing other cryptosystems. It is shown how to significantly reduce average complexity of decryption per each block of ciphertext.
