The root rot is a major disease affecting yield of Gentiana macrophyl a pal , reducing yield or even causing total crop failure. This research introduced the occurrence characteristics and various control techniques o...The root rot is a major disease affecting yield of Gentiana macrophyl a pal , reducing yield or even causing total crop failure. This research introduced the occurrence characteristics and various control techniques of root rot of Gentiana macrophyl a pal , in order to provide references for farmers.展开更多
It was hypothesized that wood chips can serve as a mulch to improve the growth of young trees by facilitating the development of their root systems, inhibiting weed germination, and suppressing weed growth. The presen...It was hypothesized that wood chips can serve as a mulch to improve the growth of young trees by facilitating the development of their root systems, inhibiting weed germination, and suppressing weed growth. The present study was carried out in Ghorogh Nursery, Golestan Northern Iran, in order to investigate the impact of wood chips applica- tion on root growth of oak （Quercus castaneifolia） seedlings and control of weed. A three centimeter wood chip layer was used on the soil surface as the mulch treatment with bare soil as the control. The number of new roots, the length of exciting roots and the density of weeds were meas- ured after 5 and 12 weeks. Results showed that wood chip application had significant positive effect on the length of excising roots after 5 and 12 weeks compared with control seedlings. Also, weeds were reduced to near zero levels in treated plot. Our findings suggested that wood chip layer on the soil surface in the nursery can conserve soil moisture and prevent nutrient leaching from the rooting zone as well as diminish weed growth which consequently lead to production of high quality seedling.展开更多
Single or mixed use ofAgaricus bisporus residue and microbial agent had better control effect on cucumber root-knot nematode disease in greenhouse. The results showed that the control effect of single use of A. b/spor...Single or mixed use ofAgaricus bisporus residue and microbial agent had better control effect on cucumber root-knot nematode disease in greenhouse. The results showed that the control effect of single use of A. b/sporus residue was 32.9% - 34.7%, and the yield increasing rate was 2.1% - 8.7% ; the control effect of mixed use ofA. b/sporus residue and microbial agent was 59. 1% - 63. 6%, and yield increasing rate was 2.6% - 3.5%. The experimental dose had no ad- verse effects on soil physical and chemical properties. The mixed use of A. b/sporus residue and microbial agent was one of the effective ways to control root-knot nematode disease.展开更多
Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an importan...Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an important disease restricting kiwi fruit industry development. The characteris-tics, occurrence, etiology and symptoms of kiwifruit root rot were introduced in the paper, and the prevention and control technology against the dis-ease were put forward from the aspects of agriculture, biology and chemistry.展开更多
【目的】比较不同浓度和比例混合的木霉与被孢霉合成菌群对三七连作障碍的缓解效果,筛选能显著促进三七生长和增强其抗病性的合成菌群,为开发安全高效的三七根腐病防治菌剂提供理论参考。【方法】采用平板对峙法从7株木霉菌(50FZ1、Z2-...【目的】比较不同浓度和比例混合的木霉与被孢霉合成菌群对三七连作障碍的缓解效果,筛选能显著促进三七生长和增强其抗病性的合成菌群,为开发安全高效的三七根腐病防治菌剂提供理论参考。【方法】采用平板对峙法从7株木霉菌(50FZ1、Z2-2-2、3NG-1、2ZG-3、200FN6、2ZG和500FZ1)和4株被孢霉菌(B27、B28、B28-1和NB28)中筛选出既无相互抑制作用又能明显拮抗三七根腐病菌的菌株;对筛选出的木霉菌和被孢霉菌设置单菌株及二者按不同浓度和比例混合的合成菌群处理,以等体积无菌水为对照组(CK),比较测定合成菌群及相应单菌株对缓解三七连作障碍的影响,以及合成菌群和相应单菌株对三七的诱导抗病性。【结果】平板对峙试验结果显示,木霉菌菌株3NG-1与被孢霉菌菌株B28-1的相容性良好,且2株菌对4株三七根腐病菌(RS6、M、F3和Z5)的拮抗作用最强,其中菌株3NG-1对4株三七根腐病菌的抑制率均在75.00%以上。菌株3NG-1与B28-1组成的合成菌群施用于连作三七盆栽后,不同浓度和比例混合的合成菌群促生及抗病效果存在差异,与CK相比,6MT41(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×10^(6)个/mL时,按40 mL B28-1+10 mL 3NG-1混合)、7MT41(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×107个/mL时,按40 mL B28-1+10 mL 3NG-1混合)和7MT14(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×107个/mL时,按10 mL B28-1+40 mL 3NG-1混合)处理可显著提高三七存苗率(P<0.05,下同)、显著降低根腐病发病率,联合增效作用明显,尤其是7MT41处理后三七根腐病发病率降至42.50%,并能明显促进三七株高和干重增长。不同浓度和配比的合成菌群对三七皂苷含量的影响存在差异,与CK相比,6MT11(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×10^(6)个/mL时,按25 mL B28-1+25 mL 3NG-1混合)、7MT11(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×107个/mL时,按25 mL B28-1+25 mL 3NG-1混合)和7MT14处理能显著增加三七5种皂苷(R1、Rg1、Re、Rb1和Rd)总含量,效果均优于相应的单菌株处理,尤其是7MT14处理的总皂苷含量最高,为2.84%,是CK的1.47倍。此外,6MT14(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×10^(6)个/mL时,按10 mL B28-1+40 mL 3NG-1混合)、7MT41和7MT14处理能诱导三七抵御叶部黑斑病菌SL17的侵染,且7MT14处理还能显著增强三七叶片中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)4种防御酶活性。【结论】合成菌群7MT14能显著促进三七生长,降低根腐病发病率,增强抗病性,提升三七品质,是一种安全高效的生防合成菌群,具有开发成复合菌剂的潜力。展开更多
为了解芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)对作物根腐病防治效果及其影响因素,使用Meta分析方法对Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI)数据库检索筛选到的108篇文献479组有效数据,进行异质性检验、发表偏移检验和整合分析.结果表明,施用芽孢杆菌对作...为了解芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)对作物根腐病防治效果及其影响因素,使用Meta分析方法对Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI)数据库检索筛选到的108篇文献479组有效数据,进行异质性检验、发表偏移检验和整合分析.结果表明,施用芽孢杆菌对作物根腐病有显著防效真实可靠(R=0.529,P<0.001,I^(2)=99.30%).纳入分析数据不存在发表偏移,但异质性大,需要开展分组分析.分组分析表明,菌种、制剂、有效活菌、施用方式及防效时长对防效影响显著(P≤0.001),其中制剂与施用方式的影响较突出(R=0.528);而作物类别、施用目的、次数和种植环境则对防效无显著影响(P>0.1).综上,建议种植前采用低浓度多粘类芽孢杆菌菌剂拌土施用1次,并于15 d后密切监测病害情况,及时采取后续措施.展开更多
USB接口被广泛地应用在计算机外设接口地设计中 ,尤其是嵌入式系统和穿戴计算机系统 .为了减小系统的体积 ,提高系统的集成度 ,可以利用 System On Chip技术将 USB主机控制器集成在微处理器中 ,构成片上系统 ,这就需要自行设计 U SB主...USB接口被广泛地应用在计算机外设接口地设计中 ,尤其是嵌入式系统和穿戴计算机系统 .为了减小系统的体积 ,提高系统的集成度 ,可以利用 System On Chip技术将 USB主机控制器集成在微处理器中 ,构成片上系统 ,这就需要自行设计 U SB主机控制器的核 (Core) .本文系统地剖析了 U SB主机控制器的原理和结构 ,并针对 OHCI从系统级上给出了一个典型的 U展开更多
文摘The root rot is a major disease affecting yield of Gentiana macrophyl a pal , reducing yield or even causing total crop failure. This research introduced the occurrence characteristics and various control techniques of root rot of Gentiana macrophyl a pal , in order to provide references for farmers.
文摘It was hypothesized that wood chips can serve as a mulch to improve the growth of young trees by facilitating the development of their root systems, inhibiting weed germination, and suppressing weed growth. The present study was carried out in Ghorogh Nursery, Golestan Northern Iran, in order to investigate the impact of wood chips applica- tion on root growth of oak （Quercus castaneifolia） seedlings and control of weed. A three centimeter wood chip layer was used on the soil surface as the mulch treatment with bare soil as the control. The number of new roots, the length of exciting roots and the density of weeds were meas- ured after 5 and 12 weeks. Results showed that wood chip application had significant positive effect on the length of excising roots after 5 and 12 weeks compared with control seedlings. Also, weeds were reduced to near zero levels in treated plot. Our findings suggested that wood chip layer on the soil surface in the nursery can conserve soil moisture and prevent nutrient leaching from the rooting zone as well as diminish weed growth which consequently lead to production of high quality seedling.
基金Supported by Edible Fungus Industry Innovation Team Projects of Shandong Agricultural Industry Research System(SDAIT-11-011-08)
文摘Single or mixed use ofAgaricus bisporus residue and microbial agent had better control effect on cucumber root-knot nematode disease in greenhouse. The results showed that the control effect of single use of A. b/sporus residue was 32.9% - 34.7%, and the yield increasing rate was 2.1% - 8.7% ; the control effect of mixed use ofA. b/sporus residue and microbial agent was 59. 1% - 63. 6%, and yield increasing rate was 2.6% - 3.5%. The experimental dose had no ad- verse effects on soil physical and chemical properties. The mixed use of A. b/sporus residue and microbial agent was one of the effective ways to control root-knot nematode disease.
基金Supported by Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Resources Research and Utilization in Liupanshui(5202020170203)College Students Program of Liupanshui Normal University(LPSSY-DXS17054)
文摘Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an important disease restricting kiwi fruit industry development. The characteris-tics, occurrence, etiology and symptoms of kiwifruit root rot were introduced in the paper, and the prevention and control technology against the dis-ease were put forward from the aspects of agriculture, biology and chemistry.
文摘【目的】比较不同浓度和比例混合的木霉与被孢霉合成菌群对三七连作障碍的缓解效果,筛选能显著促进三七生长和增强其抗病性的合成菌群,为开发安全高效的三七根腐病防治菌剂提供理论参考。【方法】采用平板对峙法从7株木霉菌(50FZ1、Z2-2-2、3NG-1、2ZG-3、200FN6、2ZG和500FZ1)和4株被孢霉菌(B27、B28、B28-1和NB28)中筛选出既无相互抑制作用又能明显拮抗三七根腐病菌的菌株;对筛选出的木霉菌和被孢霉菌设置单菌株及二者按不同浓度和比例混合的合成菌群处理,以等体积无菌水为对照组(CK),比较测定合成菌群及相应单菌株对缓解三七连作障碍的影响,以及合成菌群和相应单菌株对三七的诱导抗病性。【结果】平板对峙试验结果显示,木霉菌菌株3NG-1与被孢霉菌菌株B28-1的相容性良好,且2株菌对4株三七根腐病菌(RS6、M、F3和Z5)的拮抗作用最强,其中菌株3NG-1对4株三七根腐病菌的抑制率均在75.00%以上。菌株3NG-1与B28-1组成的合成菌群施用于连作三七盆栽后,不同浓度和比例混合的合成菌群促生及抗病效果存在差异,与CK相比,6MT41(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×10^(6)个/mL时,按40 mL B28-1+10 mL 3NG-1混合)、7MT41(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×107个/mL时,按40 mL B28-1+10 mL 3NG-1混合)和7MT14(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×107个/mL时,按10 mL B28-1+40 mL 3NG-1混合)处理可显著提高三七存苗率(P<0.05,下同)、显著降低根腐病发病率,联合增效作用明显,尤其是7MT41处理后三七根腐病发病率降至42.50%,并能明显促进三七株高和干重增长。不同浓度和配比的合成菌群对三七皂苷含量的影响存在差异,与CK相比,6MT11(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×10^(6)个/mL时,按25 mL B28-1+25 mL 3NG-1混合)、7MT11(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×107个/mL时,按25 mL B28-1+25 mL 3NG-1混合)和7MT14处理能显著增加三七5种皂苷(R1、Rg1、Re、Rb1和Rd)总含量,效果均优于相应的单菌株处理,尤其是7MT14处理的总皂苷含量最高,为2.84%,是CK的1.47倍。此外,6MT14(孢子悬浮液浓度为1.0×10^(6)个/mL时,按10 mL B28-1+40 mL 3NG-1混合)、7MT41和7MT14处理能诱导三七抵御叶部黑斑病菌SL17的侵染,且7MT14处理还能显著增强三七叶片中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)4种防御酶活性。【结论】合成菌群7MT14能显著促进三七生长,降低根腐病发病率,增强抗病性,提升三七品质,是一种安全高效的生防合成菌群,具有开发成复合菌剂的潜力。
文摘为了解芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)对作物根腐病防治效果及其影响因素,使用Meta分析方法对Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI)数据库检索筛选到的108篇文献479组有效数据,进行异质性检验、发表偏移检验和整合分析.结果表明,施用芽孢杆菌对作物根腐病有显著防效真实可靠(R=0.529,P<0.001,I^(2)=99.30%).纳入分析数据不存在发表偏移,但异质性大,需要开展分组分析.分组分析表明,菌种、制剂、有效活菌、施用方式及防效时长对防效影响显著(P≤0.001),其中制剂与施用方式的影响较突出(R=0.528);而作物类别、施用目的、次数和种植环境则对防效无显著影响(P>0.1).综上,建议种植前采用低浓度多粘类芽孢杆菌菌剂拌土施用1次,并于15 d后密切监测病害情况,及时采取后续措施.
文摘USB接口被广泛地应用在计算机外设接口地设计中 ,尤其是嵌入式系统和穿戴计算机系统 .为了减小系统的体积 ,提高系统的集成度 ,可以利用 System On Chip技术将 USB主机控制器集成在微处理器中 ,构成片上系统 ,这就需要自行设计 U SB主机控制器的核 (Core) .本文系统地剖析了 U SB主机控制器的原理和结构 ,并针对 OHCI从系统级上给出了一个典型的 U
