The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we discuss how to understand the growing emphasis on emotional returns among young people.Emotional value has emerged a...The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we discuss how to understand the growing emphasis on emotional returns among young people.Emotional value has emerged as a central force shaping youth decision-making across work,consumption,relationships and lifestyle choices.Unlike traditional economic rationality that prioritises income and material security,emotional value focuses on how choices make individuals feel and how they align with personal meaning.This shift is particularly evident in rapidly transforming societies such as China and Ghana,where economic restructuring,globalisation and social change have reshaped pathways to adulthood.展开更多
BACKGROUND There has been an increasing focus in recent years on health-care disparities.Studies investigating return to work(RTW)or sports are often performed in large,urban areas.Relatively few studies have investig...BACKGROUND There has been an increasing focus in recent years on health-care disparities.Studies investigating return to work(RTW)or sports are often performed in large,urban areas.Relatively few studies have investigated rates of return to farming or other heavy labor that is of interest to patients in rural areas.AIM To evaluate the literature regarding RTW in farming or heavy labor after orthopedic hip,knee,or shoulder surgery.METHODS A search was performed in the PubMed and EMBASE databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Studies were included if they reported patients employed in farming or heavy labor,RTW rates after orthopedic surgery of the hip,knee,or shoulder,and had a minimum 6-month follow-up.A meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model was performed on three single-arm observational studies to estimate the pooled RTW rate following arthroscopic shoulder surgery.RESULTS Ten studies were included,and 101 farmers were identified among 440 total patients.One study involved hip surgery,two studies involved knee surgery,and seven studies involved shoulder surgery.RTW rates across studies varied by type of surgery and follow-up interval,ranging from 24%to 100%.The RTW rate was only 53.6%at 1 year following total hip arthroplasty.No studies investigated RTW in farmers following total knee arthroplasty.Among non-comparative studies,meta-analysis revealed a pooled RTW rate of 89%following arthroscopic shoulder surgery,with low heterogeneity(I^(2)=30.1%).Among comparative studies,one study reported significantly higher RTW odds for patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty compared to reverse shoulder arthroplasty(odds ratio=5.45).Overall,surgical intervention for shoulder pathology was associated with a high likelihood of RTW across multiple techniques,with particularly favorable outcomes for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the high rates of RTW in farmers and heavy laborers after shoulder surgery.However,our findings also underscore the need for more rural-specific research to guide patient counseling,rehabilitation expectations,and shared decision-making in this underserved population,particularly for orthopedic surgery of the hip and knee.展开更多
In this study, the ground potential rise(GPR) phenomenon caused by a lightning current injected into a field-shaped artificial grounding grid, as well as the potential difference between two different nodes at the edg...In this study, the ground potential rise(GPR) phenomenon caused by a lightning current injected into a field-shaped artificial grounding grid, as well as the potential difference between two different nodes at the edge of the grounding grid, was observed and analyzed under artificially triggered lightning conditions. Based on circuit theory and measured current data, a π-equivalent circuit was established to simulate the transient response of the grounding grid.Nineteen return strokes from three artificially triggered lightning events were analyzed. The peak currents of the 19 return strokes range from -6.7 to -25.1 kA, and the mean value was -14.3 kA. The GPR decreased rapidly and formed a subpeak after reaching the initial peak, with the mean value of the initial peak being -148.65 kV and the mean value of the subpeak being -92.87 kV. The GPR induced by the triggered lightning currents exhibited a subpeak phenomenon. Simulation results indicate that the subpeak phenomenon is related to localized corrosion of the vertical grounding electrode. The potential difference at the grounding grid edge exhibited a multi-pulse waveform with alternating polarity, dominated by positive pulses. The peak values of both the positive and negative polarity pulses gradually decreased, with the first positive pulse displaying a significantly higher intensity than that of subsequent pulses.展开更多
Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus experience neuropsychiatric symptoms.Although magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormal signals in the white matter of the brain,conventional methods often struggle...Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus experience neuropsychiatric symptoms.Although magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormal signals in the white matter of the brain,conventional methods often struggle to accurately capture microstructural changes.Various diffusion models have been used to study white matter in systemic lupus erythematosus;however,comparative analyses of their sensitivity and specificity for detecting microstructural changes remain insufficient.To address this,our team designed a diagnostic trial that used multimodal diffusion imaging techniques to observe white matter microstructural changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with an aim to identify key diagnostic biomarkers for these patients.Patients with active lupus who received treatment at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,from September 2023 to March 2024 were recruited.According to the standards of the American College of Rheumatology,patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the systemic lupus erythematosus group,whereas those without neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the non-systemic lupus erythematosus group.Additionally,healthy volunteers matched by region,sex,and age were recruited as controls.All three groups underwent the same diffusion magnetic resonance imaging examination protocol to compare differences in diffusion parameters.Advanced diffusion imaging models were able to sensitively detect microstructural changes in the white matter fibers of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with specific diffusion parameters showing significant abnormalities in key brain regions.In the left superior longitudinal fasciculus subregion and the right thalamic radiations of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,we also identified abnormal diffusion characteristics that were clearly correlated with disease activity,suggesting that microstructural changes in these areas may reflect the dynamic process of neuroinflammatory damage.The present study addresses critical challenges in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus by identifying specific white matter imaging biomarkers and elucidating the association between microstructural damage and clinical manifestations.The main contributions of our study include:1)establishing axial regression probability parameters from mean apparent propagator magnetic resonance imaging as sensitive biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus,particularly in the third subregion of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus;2)demonstrating that multimodal diffusion imaging may be superior to conventional diffusion tensor imaging for detecting white matter microstructural abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus;and 3)integrating tract-based spatial statistics with clinically relevant analyses to link imaging findings to pathological mechanisms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Return to work(RTW)serves as an indication for young and middle-aged colorectal cancer(CRC)survivors to resume their normal social lives.However,these survivors encounter significant challenges during their...BACKGROUND Return to work(RTW)serves as an indication for young and middle-aged colorectal cancer(CRC)survivors to resume their normal social lives.However,these survivors encounter significant challenges during their RTW process.Hence,scientific research is necessary to explore the barriers and facilitating factors of returning to work for young and middle-aged CRC survivors.AIM To examine the current RTW status among young and middle-aged CRC survivors and to analyze the impact of RTW self-efficacy(RTW-SE),fear of progression(FoP),eHealth literacy(eHL),family resilience(FR),and financial toxicity(FT)on their RTW outcomes.METHODS A cross-sectional investigation was adopted in this study.From September 2022 to February 2023,a total of 209 participants were recruited through a convenience sampling method from the gastrointestinal surgery department of a class A tertiary hospital in Chongqing.The investigation utilized a general information questionnaire alongside scales assessing RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT.To analyze the factors that influence RTW outcomes among young and middle-aged CRC survivors,Cox regression modeling and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.RESULTS A total of 43.54%of the participants successfully returned to work,with an average RTW time of 100 days.Cox regression univariate analysis revealed that RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT were significantly different between the non-RTW and RTW groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,Cox regression multivariate analysis identified per capita family monthly income,job type,RTW-SE,and FR as independent influencing factors for RTW(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The RTW rate requires further improvement.Elevated levels of RTW-SE and FR were found to significantly increase RTW among young and middle-aged CRC survivors.Health professionals should focus on modifiable factors,such as RTW-SE and FR,to design targeted RTW support programs,thereby facilitating their timely reintegration into mainstream society.展开更多
This work demonstrates experimentally the close relation between return currents from relativistic laser-driven target polarization and the quality of the relativistic laser–plasma interaction for laser-driven second...This work demonstrates experimentally the close relation between return currents from relativistic laser-driven target polarization and the quality of the relativistic laser–plasma interaction for laser-driven secondary sources,taking as an example ion acceleration by target normal sheath acceleration.The Pearson linear correlation of maximum return current amplitude and proton spectrum cutoff energy is found to be in the range from~0.70 to 0.94.kA-scale return currents rise in all interaction schemes where targets of any kind are charged by escaping laser-accelerated relativistic electrons.Their precise measurement is demonstrated using an inductive scheme that allows operation at high repetition rates.Thus,return currents can be used as a metrological online tool for the optimization of many laser-driven secondary sources and for diagnosing their stability.In particular,in two parametric studies of laser-driven ion acceleration,we carry out a noninvasive online measurement of return currents in a tape target system irradiated by the 1 PW VEGA-3 laser at Centro de Láseres Pulsados:first the size of the irradiated area is varied at best compression of the laser pulse;second,the pulse duration is varied by means of induced group delay dispersion at best focus.This work paves the way to the development of feedback systems that operate at the high repetition rates of PW-class lasers.展开更多
During cardiac arrest (CA),severe ischemia and hypoxia occur in tissues and organs of the entire body,inflammatory cytokines are released,and ischemiareperfusion injury occurs after the return of spontaneous circulati...During cardiac arrest (CA),severe ischemia and hypoxia occur in tissues and organs of the entire body,inflammatory cytokines are released,and ischemiareperfusion injury occurs after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC),leading to multiple organ dysfunction in the body;this condition is called post-CA syndrome(PCAS).^([1])According to the BASeline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) study,the crude incidence of emergency medical service (EMS)-assessed OHCA was 95.7 per 100,000 individuals,and only1.2%of those individuals survived to hospital discharge or30 d after being resuscitated by the EMS in China.展开更多
Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level,a target,or a benchmark they aim to achieve.This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework,which incorporates the probability of success(achiev...Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level,a target,or a benchmark they aim to achieve.This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework,which incorporates the probability of success(achieving the aspiration level)as an important aspect of decision-making.Motivated by these theories,this study defines the probability of success as the number of days a firm’s return outperformed its benchmark in the portfolio formation month.This study uses portfolio-level and firm-level analyses,revealing an economically substantial and statistically significant relationship between the probability of success and expected stock returns,even after controlling for common risk factors and various characteristics.Additional analyses support the behavioral theory of the firm,which posits that firms act to achieve short-term aspiration levels.展开更多
Till date,no study on trends in extreme sea surface temperature(SST)for different return periods has been done over the Gulf of Tonkin(GoT).Based on a 84-year(1940–2023)ERA5 Reanalysis data sets,this study for the fi...Till date,no study on trends in extreme sea surface temperature(SST)for different return periods has been done over the Gulf of Tonkin(GoT).Based on a 84-year(1940–2023)ERA5 Reanalysis data sets,this study for the first time,examined the spatio-temporal pattern in extreme SST for different return periods.Findings showed that more significant moderate to fast warming trends(0.1–0.16°C per decade(dec-1))only existed for the 2 year return period.Temporal trends in the 99th percentile SST are insignificant for all return periods.By using the linear regression method,the variability in extreme SST was obtained.Results showed that moderate warming trends dominated a large portion of GoT.Stronger trends,up to 0.018°C yr-1 are noticed near Guangdong,Haikou and southern Sanya in south China.Extreme SST exhibited a slow warming trend of 0.008°C per year(yr-1)all through the study years.The SST is most stable in most waters in the southern GoT and few waters surrounding Dongfang.Temporal warming rates of SST revealed that 1940–1958,1976–1994 and 2003–2012 were years of more coastal upwelling and could affect aquatic lives.The strongest warming rate of 0.07°C dec-1 occurred during 1994–2003.The GoT appeared warmer during spring.Spatial decadal variability of SST revealed that moderate warming trends occurred in few regions in the southern GoT and in larger portion of the central and northern GoT.The rise in SST between 1980 and 2020 in the GoT is not limited to increased anthropogenic activities.展开更多
III.Solve the problems.(1)Tom and his sister set out on a walk at 2:00.They walked by some shops and through the park.1 hour later,they returned home.What time was it when they got home?
This study explores the impact of board diversity on firm performance,with a focus on companies listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange(SGX).Board diversity is examined across various dimensions,including gender,age,et...This study explores the impact of board diversity on firm performance,with a focus on companies listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange(SGX).Board diversity is examined across various dimensions,including gender,age,ethnicity,and professional background,to understand its relationship with key performance indicators such as Return on Assets(ROA)and Return on Equity(ROE).Using a quantitative research approach,the study analyzes data from 90 publicly listed firms,employing descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,and multiple regression techniques.The findings reveal that the direct correlation between board diversity and financial performance,particularly in terms of ROA and ROE,is not statistically significant in the studied sample.Despite the lack of direct significance,the research underscores the nuanced and multifaceted role of diversity in corporate governance,suggesting that its impact may be more complex and influenced by various contextual factors.The study concludes by recommending that companies continue to enhance gender diversity,balance age structures,tailor professional backgrounds to industry needs,and manage board tenure effectively to optimize corporate governance and support sustainable growth.展开更多
The Shenzhou‑18 crew,consisting of three taikonauts,returned to Earth safely in the early hours of November 4,2024,after completing a six‑month space station mission.Their first meal on Earth after half a year became ...The Shenzhou‑18 crew,consisting of three taikonauts,returned to Earth safely in the early hours of November 4,2024,after completing a six‑month space station mission.Their first meal on Earth after half a year became a hot topic immediately.The well‑established Chinese tradition embodied by the saying“dumplings before departure,noodles upon return”means that a steaming bowl of noodles was a must‑have for their first meal back.Additionally,specific fruits were included in their first meal for symbolic purposes:cherry tomatoes,representing prosperity;Hami melons,symbolizing sweetness;and grapes,which signify harmony and unity.Meanwhile,all three taikonauts coincidentally ordered a serving of steamed egg custard.展开更多
Color is an essential component of beauty,a medium for expressing culture and attitude,and a catalyst for innovation and value creation.As Chinese styles and trends rise and return,traditional Chinese colors,regarded ...Color is an essential component of beauty,a medium for expressing culture and attitude,and a catalyst for innovation and value creation.As Chinese styles and trends rise and return,traditional Chinese colors,regarded as the most profound visual expressions of Chinese civilization,are infused with new vitality and contemporary values.These colors,imbued with philosophical concepts and poetic aesthetics,continue to evolve.展开更多
Financial market liquidity is a popular research topic.Investor-driven research uses the turnover rate to measure liquidity and generally finds that the higher the stock turnover rate,the lower the returns.However,the...Financial market liquidity is a popular research topic.Investor-driven research uses the turnover rate to measure liquidity and generally finds that the higher the stock turnover rate,the lower the returns.However,the traditional financial liquidity theory has been impacted by new machine-driven quantitative trading models.To explore high machine-driven liquidity and the impact of high turnover rates on returns,this study establishes a dual-market quantitative trading system,introduces a variational modal decomposition(VMD)-bidirectional gated recurrent unit(BiGRU)model for data prediction,and uses the back-end Hong Kong foreign exchange market to develop a quantitative trading strategy using the same rotating funds in the U.S.and Chinese stock markets.The experimental results show that given a principal amount of 210,000.00 CNY,the final predicted net return is 226,538.30 CNY,a net return of 107.86%,which is 40.6%higher than the net return of a single Chinese market.We conclude that,under machine-driven trading,increasing liquidity and turnover increase returns.This study provides a new perspective on liquidity theory that is useful for future financial market research and quantitative trading practices.展开更多
In the digital age,where traditional culture is in danger of gradually disappearing,one iconic figure has taken it upon herself to reverse the trend by reviving traditional skills.A prominent Chinese vlogger,Li Ziqi,w...In the digital age,where traditional culture is in danger of gradually disappearing,one iconic figure has taken it upon herself to reverse the trend by reviving traditional skills.A prominent Chinese vlogger,Li Ziqi,whose birth name is Li Jiajia,has amassed a vast online following by reinterpreting traditions that date back thousands of years.Following a threeyear absence from social media,she made a highly anticipated return with the release of three new videos in mid-November 2024.These videos represent the culmination of several months of behind-the-scenes work.展开更多
The days of brands being“held hostage”by algorithms are coming to an end.Algorithms are becoming a vortex that engulfs the beauty industry.“Without investing in traffic,there are no sales;even with sales,there’s n...The days of brands being“held hostage”by algorithms are coming to an end.Algorithms are becoming a vortex that engulfs the beauty industry.“Without investing in traffic,there are no sales;even with sales,there’s no profit.”“No one can make a single cent from Douyin—your return on investment in traffic will always be controlled at a fixed point.”By leveraging algorithms,platforms have gained the upper hand and control.展开更多
During his second White House term,Trump’s governing style remains characteristically assertive,launching a full-scale offensive from day one.Domestically,he’s pushing for sweeping government reforms.
Background:Deficits in quadriceps strength of the injured leg have been observed in patients following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstructions and may contribute to ACL re-injury risk.Single-leg forward hopping...Background:Deficits in quadriceps strength of the injured leg have been observed in patients following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstructions and may contribute to ACL re-injury risk.Single-leg forward hopping is a widely used task for assessing knee function in patients following ACL reconstructions as it has been shown not to be particularly challenging to the knee.This study aimed to quantify the effect of decreased quadriceps strength induced by a fatigue protocol on hopping performance and lower limb mechanics in single-leg forward,vertical,and backward hopping.Methods:Thirty-four injury-free participants performed single-leg forward,vertical,and backward hopping on both legs pre-and post-fatigue,with 1 leg experiencing a fatigue protocol.Peak moments,power,and work of hip,knee,and ankle joints were quantified during the jumping phase.Hopping performance and bilateral asymmetries in performance were assessed.Results:Single-leg backward hopping demonstrated the greatest knee moments,power,and work compared to forward and vertical hopping,regardless of leg and fatigue.Fatigue protocol resulted in significantly less knee moments,power,and work,and decreased performance of the fatigued leg among all tasks.Bilateral symmetries in hopping performance decreased in post-fatigue,with the greatest decrease in backward hopping.Conclusion:The greater sensitivity of the backward hopping to detect quadriceps fatigue suggests it may act as a better or at least an additional metric to evaluate quadriceps strength deficits.The findings may contribute to the development of a clinically applicable and valid strength assessment to monitor the rehabilitation progress in patients following ACL reconstructions.展开更多
The practice of conservation tillage or straw return to the farmland influences the grain yield and quality of rice(Oryza sativa).The key volatile compound responsible for the fragrance of fragrant rice is 2-acetyl-1-...The practice of conservation tillage or straw return to the farmland influences the grain yield and quality of rice(Oryza sativa).The key volatile compound responsible for the fragrance of fragrant rice is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP),which is significantly affected by field management measures.The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of tillage management and straw return on the grain yield and biosynthesis of 2-AP in fragrant rice.This study was conducted over two years in 2016 and 2017 and used two fragrant rice cultivars(Meixiangzhan 2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan)as materials.The experimental design consisted of different tillage management and straw return treatments,which included three tillage management regimes:rotary tillage(T0),minimum tillage(T1),and no tillage(T2);and two straw return treatments:without straw return(S0)and straw return(S1).The straw used for the experiment was sourced from the residue of the corresponding fragrant rice cultivar harvested in the early season.Tillage management and straw return substantially affected the grain yields,grain quality,and 2-AP contents of both fragrant rice cultivars.Compared with the T0S0 treatment,tillage management and straw return resulted in 2-AP content improvements in 2016(12.41–116.85%)and 2017(34.85–103.89%)on average.Higher 2-AP contents were also detected in both fragrant rice cultivars in the T2S1 and T1S1 treatments.A structural equation model(SEM)demonstrated that the activities of enzymes related to fragrance metabolism in the leaves and grain jointly regulated the biosynthesis of precursors of fragrance metabolism in the grain,which further promoted the accumulation of 2-AP.In addition,a principal component analysis indicated that the T1S1 treatment was positively correlated with both 2-AP and grain yield.The SEM demonstrated that the enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism,parameters related to photosynthesis,and yield components contributed to the grain yield.The T1S1 treatment resulted in the highest average grain yield of 760.75 g m^(-2),which could be attributed to increases in various attributes,such as the leaf area index,SPAD value,nitrogen metabolism,panicle number m^(-2),and grain number per panicle.In summary,the minimum tillage and straw return(T1S1)treatment is more effective at simultaneously improving both the grain yield and 2-AP content in fragrant rice.展开更多
Improving crop yield and N utilization while mitigating environmental pollution is a key goal in sustainable agriculture.Integrating green manure with reduced chemical N application is a promising strategy to enhance ...Improving crop yield and N utilization while mitigating environmental pollution is a key goal in sustainable agriculture.Integrating green manure with reduced chemical N application is a promising strategy to enhance N utilization efficiency and minimize reactive N losses.However,the agronomic mechanisms through which green manure incorporation affects soil N retention and N loss under reduced N application remain unclear.This study aimed to uncover the compensatory mechanisms of green manure in improving wheat yield and N utilization under reduced N application,and to identify the principles behind reduced N loss in wheat fields.We conducted a split-plot experiment in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area of Northwest China from 2019 to 2024,using two cropping systems(W,fallow after wheat;W-G,green manure returning after wheat)combined with three N application levels(N1,local conventional N application rate;N2,N-reduction 15%;N3,N-reduction 30%).Our results demonstrated that green manure returning improved soil quality and compensated for the yield and N use efficiency losses caused by 15%chemical N reduction.Specifically,compared to the W-N1,W-GN2 increased soil organic matter content and soil water content by 6.5%and 9.4%,respectively,while reducing soil bulk density and pH by 8.9%and 6.7%.Meanwhile,W-GN2 increased soil nitrate N and total N content in the 0–40 cm soil layer by 8.4%and 8.7%,respectively.Moreover,W-GN2 reduced NH3 volatilization by 13.8%,N_(2)O emissions by 8.8%,and N leaching by 9.4%.It also enhanced microbial biomass N by 50.7%,urease activity by 10.2%,and decreased nitrate and nitrite reductase activities by 19.9%and 32.6%,respectively.Additionally,W-GN2 improved soil bacterialα-diversity and increased the abundance of functional bacteria.Green manure can sustain wheat yield and improve N utilization efficiency under reduced chemical N input by improving the soil environment,enhancing soil N retention and minimizing N losses,which presents a sustainable,yield-stabilizing strategy for Oasis agroecosystems in northwestern China.展开更多
文摘The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we discuss how to understand the growing emphasis on emotional returns among young people.Emotional value has emerged as a central force shaping youth decision-making across work,consumption,relationships and lifestyle choices.Unlike traditional economic rationality that prioritises income and material security,emotional value focuses on how choices make individuals feel and how they align with personal meaning.This shift is particularly evident in rapidly transforming societies such as China and Ghana,where economic restructuring,globalisation and social change have reshaped pathways to adulthood.
文摘BACKGROUND There has been an increasing focus in recent years on health-care disparities.Studies investigating return to work(RTW)or sports are often performed in large,urban areas.Relatively few studies have investigated rates of return to farming or other heavy labor that is of interest to patients in rural areas.AIM To evaluate the literature regarding RTW in farming or heavy labor after orthopedic hip,knee,or shoulder surgery.METHODS A search was performed in the PubMed and EMBASE databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Studies were included if they reported patients employed in farming or heavy labor,RTW rates after orthopedic surgery of the hip,knee,or shoulder,and had a minimum 6-month follow-up.A meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model was performed on three single-arm observational studies to estimate the pooled RTW rate following arthroscopic shoulder surgery.RESULTS Ten studies were included,and 101 farmers were identified among 440 total patients.One study involved hip surgery,two studies involved knee surgery,and seven studies involved shoulder surgery.RTW rates across studies varied by type of surgery and follow-up interval,ranging from 24%to 100%.The RTW rate was only 53.6%at 1 year following total hip arthroplasty.No studies investigated RTW in farmers following total knee arthroplasty.Among non-comparative studies,meta-analysis revealed a pooled RTW rate of 89%following arthroscopic shoulder surgery,with low heterogeneity(I^(2)=30.1%).Among comparative studies,one study reported significantly higher RTW odds for patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty compared to reverse shoulder arthroplasty(odds ratio=5.45).Overall,surgical intervention for shoulder pathology was associated with a high likelihood of RTW across multiple techniques,with particularly favorable outcomes for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the high rates of RTW in farmers and heavy laborers after shoulder surgery.However,our findings also underscore the need for more rural-specific research to guide patient counseling,rehabilitation expectations,and shared decision-making in this underserved population,particularly for orthopedic surgery of the hip and knee.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(42575091)Marine Meteorological Science and Data Center Program (2024B1212070014)。
文摘In this study, the ground potential rise(GPR) phenomenon caused by a lightning current injected into a field-shaped artificial grounding grid, as well as the potential difference between two different nodes at the edge of the grounding grid, was observed and analyzed under artificially triggered lightning conditions. Based on circuit theory and measured current data, a π-equivalent circuit was established to simulate the transient response of the grounding grid.Nineteen return strokes from three artificially triggered lightning events were analyzed. The peak currents of the 19 return strokes range from -6.7 to -25.1 kA, and the mean value was -14.3 kA. The GPR decreased rapidly and formed a subpeak after reaching the initial peak, with the mean value of the initial peak being -148.65 kV and the mean value of the subpeak being -92.87 kV. The GPR induced by the triggered lightning currents exhibited a subpeak phenomenon. Simulation results indicate that the subpeak phenomenon is related to localized corrosion of the vertical grounding electrode. The potential difference at the grounding grid edge exhibited a multi-pulse waveform with alternating polarity, dominated by positive pulses. The peak values of both the positive and negative polarity pulses gradually decreased, with the first positive pulse displaying a significantly higher intensity than that of subsequent pulses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund,No.U22A20309(to PY)the Natural Science Foundation of LiaoningProvince,No.2023-MS-07(to HuL)the Unveiling Key Scientific and Technological Projects of Liaoning Province,No.2021JH1/10400051(to HuL).
文摘Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus experience neuropsychiatric symptoms.Although magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormal signals in the white matter of the brain,conventional methods often struggle to accurately capture microstructural changes.Various diffusion models have been used to study white matter in systemic lupus erythematosus;however,comparative analyses of their sensitivity and specificity for detecting microstructural changes remain insufficient.To address this,our team designed a diagnostic trial that used multimodal diffusion imaging techniques to observe white matter microstructural changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with an aim to identify key diagnostic biomarkers for these patients.Patients with active lupus who received treatment at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,from September 2023 to March 2024 were recruited.According to the standards of the American College of Rheumatology,patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the systemic lupus erythematosus group,whereas those without neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the non-systemic lupus erythematosus group.Additionally,healthy volunteers matched by region,sex,and age were recruited as controls.All three groups underwent the same diffusion magnetic resonance imaging examination protocol to compare differences in diffusion parameters.Advanced diffusion imaging models were able to sensitively detect microstructural changes in the white matter fibers of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with specific diffusion parameters showing significant abnormalities in key brain regions.In the left superior longitudinal fasciculus subregion and the right thalamic radiations of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,we also identified abnormal diffusion characteristics that were clearly correlated with disease activity,suggesting that microstructural changes in these areas may reflect the dynamic process of neuroinflammatory damage.The present study addresses critical challenges in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus by identifying specific white matter imaging biomarkers and elucidating the association between microstructural damage and clinical manifestations.The main contributions of our study include:1)establishing axial regression probability parameters from mean apparent propagator magnetic resonance imaging as sensitive biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus,particularly in the third subregion of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus;2)demonstrating that multimodal diffusion imaging may be superior to conventional diffusion tensor imaging for detecting white matter microstructural abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus;and 3)integrating tract-based spatial statistics with clinically relevant analyses to link imaging findings to pathological mechanisms.
基金Supported by the Chongqing Medical University Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,No.W0019Chongqing Municipal Education Commission’s 14th Five-Year Key Discipline Support Project,No.20240101 and No.20240102。
文摘BACKGROUND Return to work(RTW)serves as an indication for young and middle-aged colorectal cancer(CRC)survivors to resume their normal social lives.However,these survivors encounter significant challenges during their RTW process.Hence,scientific research is necessary to explore the barriers and facilitating factors of returning to work for young and middle-aged CRC survivors.AIM To examine the current RTW status among young and middle-aged CRC survivors and to analyze the impact of RTW self-efficacy(RTW-SE),fear of progression(FoP),eHealth literacy(eHL),family resilience(FR),and financial toxicity(FT)on their RTW outcomes.METHODS A cross-sectional investigation was adopted in this study.From September 2022 to February 2023,a total of 209 participants were recruited through a convenience sampling method from the gastrointestinal surgery department of a class A tertiary hospital in Chongqing.The investigation utilized a general information questionnaire alongside scales assessing RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT.To analyze the factors that influence RTW outcomes among young and middle-aged CRC survivors,Cox regression modeling and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.RESULTS A total of 43.54%of the participants successfully returned to work,with an average RTW time of 100 days.Cox regression univariate analysis revealed that RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT were significantly different between the non-RTW and RTW groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,Cox regression multivariate analysis identified per capita family monthly income,job type,RTW-SE,and FR as independent influencing factors for RTW(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The RTW rate requires further improvement.Elevated levels of RTW-SE and FR were found to significantly increase RTW among young and middle-aged CRC survivors.Health professionals should focus on modifiable factors,such as RTW-SE and FR,to design targeted RTW support programs,thereby facilitating their timely reintegration into mainstream society.
基金funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the European IMPULSE project under Grant Agreement No.871161from LASERLAB-EUROPE V under Grant Agreement No.871124+6 种基金from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic(Grant No.GM23-05027M)Grant No.PDC2021120933-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033by the European Union Next Generation EU/PRTRsupported by funding from the Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovación y Universidades in Spain through ICTS Equipment Grant No.EQC2018-005230-Pfrom Grant No.PID2021-125389O A-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER,UEby“ERDF A Way of Making Europe”by the European Unionfrom grants of the Junta de Castilla y León with Grant Nos.CLP263P20 and CLP087U16。
文摘This work demonstrates experimentally the close relation between return currents from relativistic laser-driven target polarization and the quality of the relativistic laser–plasma interaction for laser-driven secondary sources,taking as an example ion acceleration by target normal sheath acceleration.The Pearson linear correlation of maximum return current amplitude and proton spectrum cutoff energy is found to be in the range from~0.70 to 0.94.kA-scale return currents rise in all interaction schemes where targets of any kind are charged by escaping laser-accelerated relativistic electrons.Their precise measurement is demonstrated using an inductive scheme that allows operation at high repetition rates.Thus,return currents can be used as a metrological online tool for the optimization of many laser-driven secondary sources and for diagnosing their stability.In particular,in two parametric studies of laser-driven ion acceleration,we carry out a noninvasive online measurement of return currents in a tape target system irradiated by the 1 PW VEGA-3 laser at Centro de Láseres Pulsados:first the size of the irradiated area is varied at best compression of the laser pulse;second,the pulse duration is varied by means of induced group delay dispersion at best focus.This work paves the way to the development of feedback systems that operate at the high repetition rates of PW-class lasers.
基金National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC1512700, 2020YFC1512705, 2020YFC1512703)National Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Project (2018FY100600, 2018FY100602)+3 种基金Key R&D Program of Shandong Province (2021ZLGX02, 2021SFGC0503, 2022ZLGX03)Taishan Pandeng Scholar Program of Shandong Province (tspd20181220)Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province (tsqn202211310)Interdisciplinary Young Researcher Groups Program of Shandong University (2020QNQT004)。
文摘During cardiac arrest (CA),severe ischemia and hypoxia occur in tissues and organs of the entire body,inflammatory cytokines are released,and ischemiareperfusion injury occurs after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC),leading to multiple organ dysfunction in the body;this condition is called post-CA syndrome(PCAS).^([1])According to the BASeline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) study,the crude incidence of emergency medical service (EMS)-assessed OHCA was 95.7 per 100,000 individuals,and only1.2%of those individuals survived to hospital discharge or30 d after being resuscitated by the EMS in China.
文摘Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level,a target,or a benchmark they aim to achieve.This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework,which incorporates the probability of success(achieving the aspiration level)as an important aspect of decision-making.Motivated by these theories,this study defines the probability of success as the number of days a firm’s return outperformed its benchmark in the portfolio formation month.This study uses portfolio-level and firm-level analyses,revealing an economically substantial and statistically significant relationship between the probability of success and expected stock returns,even after controlling for common risk factors and various characteristics.Additional analyses support the behavioral theory of the firm,which posits that firms act to achieve short-term aspiration levels.
文摘Till date,no study on trends in extreme sea surface temperature(SST)for different return periods has been done over the Gulf of Tonkin(GoT).Based on a 84-year(1940–2023)ERA5 Reanalysis data sets,this study for the first time,examined the spatio-temporal pattern in extreme SST for different return periods.Findings showed that more significant moderate to fast warming trends(0.1–0.16°C per decade(dec-1))only existed for the 2 year return period.Temporal trends in the 99th percentile SST are insignificant for all return periods.By using the linear regression method,the variability in extreme SST was obtained.Results showed that moderate warming trends dominated a large portion of GoT.Stronger trends,up to 0.018°C yr-1 are noticed near Guangdong,Haikou and southern Sanya in south China.Extreme SST exhibited a slow warming trend of 0.008°C per year(yr-1)all through the study years.The SST is most stable in most waters in the southern GoT and few waters surrounding Dongfang.Temporal warming rates of SST revealed that 1940–1958,1976–1994 and 2003–2012 were years of more coastal upwelling and could affect aquatic lives.The strongest warming rate of 0.07°C dec-1 occurred during 1994–2003.The GoT appeared warmer during spring.Spatial decadal variability of SST revealed that moderate warming trends occurred in few regions in the southern GoT and in larger portion of the central and northern GoT.The rise in SST between 1980 and 2020 in the GoT is not limited to increased anthropogenic activities.
文摘III.Solve the problems.(1)Tom and his sister set out on a walk at 2:00.They walked by some shops and through the park.1 hour later,they returned home.What time was it when they got home?
文摘This study explores the impact of board diversity on firm performance,with a focus on companies listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange(SGX).Board diversity is examined across various dimensions,including gender,age,ethnicity,and professional background,to understand its relationship with key performance indicators such as Return on Assets(ROA)and Return on Equity(ROE).Using a quantitative research approach,the study analyzes data from 90 publicly listed firms,employing descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,and multiple regression techniques.The findings reveal that the direct correlation between board diversity and financial performance,particularly in terms of ROA and ROE,is not statistically significant in the studied sample.Despite the lack of direct significance,the research underscores the nuanced and multifaceted role of diversity in corporate governance,suggesting that its impact may be more complex and influenced by various contextual factors.The study concludes by recommending that companies continue to enhance gender diversity,balance age structures,tailor professional backgrounds to industry needs,and manage board tenure effectively to optimize corporate governance and support sustainable growth.
文摘The Shenzhou‑18 crew,consisting of three taikonauts,returned to Earth safely in the early hours of November 4,2024,after completing a six‑month space station mission.Their first meal on Earth after half a year became a hot topic immediately.The well‑established Chinese tradition embodied by the saying“dumplings before departure,noodles upon return”means that a steaming bowl of noodles was a must‑have for their first meal back.Additionally,specific fruits were included in their first meal for symbolic purposes:cherry tomatoes,representing prosperity;Hami melons,symbolizing sweetness;and grapes,which signify harmony and unity.Meanwhile,all three taikonauts coincidentally ordered a serving of steamed egg custard.
文摘Color is an essential component of beauty,a medium for expressing culture and attitude,and a catalyst for innovation and value creation.As Chinese styles and trends rise and return,traditional Chinese colors,regarded as the most profound visual expressions of Chinese civilization,are infused with new vitality and contemporary values.These colors,imbued with philosophical concepts and poetic aesthetics,continue to evolve.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:72032006 and 92146005).
文摘Financial market liquidity is a popular research topic.Investor-driven research uses the turnover rate to measure liquidity and generally finds that the higher the stock turnover rate,the lower the returns.However,the traditional financial liquidity theory has been impacted by new machine-driven quantitative trading models.To explore high machine-driven liquidity and the impact of high turnover rates on returns,this study establishes a dual-market quantitative trading system,introduces a variational modal decomposition(VMD)-bidirectional gated recurrent unit(BiGRU)model for data prediction,and uses the back-end Hong Kong foreign exchange market to develop a quantitative trading strategy using the same rotating funds in the U.S.and Chinese stock markets.The experimental results show that given a principal amount of 210,000.00 CNY,the final predicted net return is 226,538.30 CNY,a net return of 107.86%,which is 40.6%higher than the net return of a single Chinese market.We conclude that,under machine-driven trading,increasing liquidity and turnover increase returns.This study provides a new perspective on liquidity theory that is useful for future financial market research and quantitative trading practices.
文摘In the digital age,where traditional culture is in danger of gradually disappearing,one iconic figure has taken it upon herself to reverse the trend by reviving traditional skills.A prominent Chinese vlogger,Li Ziqi,whose birth name is Li Jiajia,has amassed a vast online following by reinterpreting traditions that date back thousands of years.Following a threeyear absence from social media,she made a highly anticipated return with the release of three new videos in mid-November 2024.These videos represent the culmination of several months of behind-the-scenes work.
文摘The days of brands being“held hostage”by algorithms are coming to an end.Algorithms are becoming a vortex that engulfs the beauty industry.“Without investing in traffic,there are no sales;even with sales,there’s no profit.”“No one can make a single cent from Douyin—your return on investment in traffic will always be controlled at a fixed point.”By leveraging algorithms,platforms have gained the upper hand and control.
文摘During his second White House term,Trump’s governing style remains characteristically assertive,launching a full-scale offensive from day one.Domestically,he’s pushing for sweeping government reforms.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation(1933409)the Wyoming INBRE Fellowshipsupported by the National Institutes of Health.
文摘Background:Deficits in quadriceps strength of the injured leg have been observed in patients following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstructions and may contribute to ACL re-injury risk.Single-leg forward hopping is a widely used task for assessing knee function in patients following ACL reconstructions as it has been shown not to be particularly challenging to the knee.This study aimed to quantify the effect of decreased quadriceps strength induced by a fatigue protocol on hopping performance and lower limb mechanics in single-leg forward,vertical,and backward hopping.Methods:Thirty-four injury-free participants performed single-leg forward,vertical,and backward hopping on both legs pre-and post-fatigue,with 1 leg experiencing a fatigue protocol.Peak moments,power,and work of hip,knee,and ankle joints were quantified during the jumping phase.Hopping performance and bilateral asymmetries in performance were assessed.Results:Single-leg backward hopping demonstrated the greatest knee moments,power,and work compared to forward and vertical hopping,regardless of leg and fatigue.Fatigue protocol resulted in significantly less knee moments,power,and work,and decreased performance of the fatigued leg among all tasks.Bilateral symmetries in hopping performance decreased in post-fatigue,with the greatest decrease in backward hopping.Conclusion:The greater sensitivity of the backward hopping to detect quadriceps fatigue suggests it may act as a better or at least an additional metric to evaluate quadriceps strength deficits.The findings may contribute to the development of a clinically applicable and valid strength assessment to monitor the rehabilitation progress in patients following ACL reconstructions.
基金funding provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971843 and 31271646)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation,China(2021GXNSFBA196084)。
文摘The practice of conservation tillage or straw return to the farmland influences the grain yield and quality of rice(Oryza sativa).The key volatile compound responsible for the fragrance of fragrant rice is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP),which is significantly affected by field management measures.The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of tillage management and straw return on the grain yield and biosynthesis of 2-AP in fragrant rice.This study was conducted over two years in 2016 and 2017 and used two fragrant rice cultivars(Meixiangzhan 2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan)as materials.The experimental design consisted of different tillage management and straw return treatments,which included three tillage management regimes:rotary tillage(T0),minimum tillage(T1),and no tillage(T2);and two straw return treatments:without straw return(S0)and straw return(S1).The straw used for the experiment was sourced from the residue of the corresponding fragrant rice cultivar harvested in the early season.Tillage management and straw return substantially affected the grain yields,grain quality,and 2-AP contents of both fragrant rice cultivars.Compared with the T0S0 treatment,tillage management and straw return resulted in 2-AP content improvements in 2016(12.41–116.85%)and 2017(34.85–103.89%)on average.Higher 2-AP contents were also detected in both fragrant rice cultivars in the T2S1 and T1S1 treatments.A structural equation model(SEM)demonstrated that the activities of enzymes related to fragrance metabolism in the leaves and grain jointly regulated the biosynthesis of precursors of fragrance metabolism in the grain,which further promoted the accumulation of 2-AP.In addition,a principal component analysis indicated that the T1S1 treatment was positively correlated with both 2-AP and grain yield.The SEM demonstrated that the enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism,parameters related to photosynthesis,and yield components contributed to the grain yield.The T1S1 treatment resulted in the highest average grain yield of 760.75 g m^(-2),which could be attributed to increases in various attributes,such as the leaf area index,SPAD value,nitrogen metabolism,panicle number m^(-2),and grain number per panicle.In summary,the minimum tillage and straw return(T1S1)treatment is more effective at simultaneously improving both the grain yield and 2-AP content in fragrant rice.
基金financial support of the Science and Technology Program in Gansu province(25JRRA347,24ZDNA008)the Natural Science Foundation of China(32372238,U21A20218,32460547)+4 种基金the Industrial Support Project of Educational Committee of Gansu province(2025CYZC-037)the Research Program Sponsored by State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science(GSCS-2023-Z03)the Agricultural Research System of China(CARS-22-G-12)China Agricultural University Corresponding Support Research Joint Fund(GSAU-DKZY-2024-001)the UPTAKE Project on EU Horizon(101081521).
文摘Improving crop yield and N utilization while mitigating environmental pollution is a key goal in sustainable agriculture.Integrating green manure with reduced chemical N application is a promising strategy to enhance N utilization efficiency and minimize reactive N losses.However,the agronomic mechanisms through which green manure incorporation affects soil N retention and N loss under reduced N application remain unclear.This study aimed to uncover the compensatory mechanisms of green manure in improving wheat yield and N utilization under reduced N application,and to identify the principles behind reduced N loss in wheat fields.We conducted a split-plot experiment in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area of Northwest China from 2019 to 2024,using two cropping systems(W,fallow after wheat;W-G,green manure returning after wheat)combined with three N application levels(N1,local conventional N application rate;N2,N-reduction 15%;N3,N-reduction 30%).Our results demonstrated that green manure returning improved soil quality and compensated for the yield and N use efficiency losses caused by 15%chemical N reduction.Specifically,compared to the W-N1,W-GN2 increased soil organic matter content and soil water content by 6.5%and 9.4%,respectively,while reducing soil bulk density and pH by 8.9%and 6.7%.Meanwhile,W-GN2 increased soil nitrate N and total N content in the 0–40 cm soil layer by 8.4%and 8.7%,respectively.Moreover,W-GN2 reduced NH3 volatilization by 13.8%,N_(2)O emissions by 8.8%,and N leaching by 9.4%.It also enhanced microbial biomass N by 50.7%,urease activity by 10.2%,and decreased nitrate and nitrite reductase activities by 19.9%and 32.6%,respectively.Additionally,W-GN2 improved soil bacterialα-diversity and increased the abundance of functional bacteria.Green manure can sustain wheat yield and improve N utilization efficiency under reduced chemical N input by improving the soil environment,enhancing soil N retention and minimizing N losses,which presents a sustainable,yield-stabilizing strategy for Oasis agroecosystems in northwestern China.
