Around the world,dumplings come in Find It many shapes and sizes.A dumpling is a piece of dough.It may or may not have a filling.When there is a filling,it can be sweet or savory.Some Italian dumplings are square.They...Around the world,dumplings come in Find It many shapes and sizes.A dumpling is a piece of dough.It may or may not have a filling.When there is a filling,it can be sweet or savory.Some Italian dumplings are square.They have beef or spinach and cheese in them.展开更多
Dumpling is one of the most important traditional wheat products in China. Dumpling quality is determined by the characteristics of both flour and filling, thus improvement of flour quality plays an important role in ...Dumpling is one of the most important traditional wheat products in China. Dumpling quality is determined by the characteristics of both flour and filling, thus improvement of flour quality plays an important role in improving dumpling quality. Thirty-nine Shandong winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines sown in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, in the 2008-2009 cropping season were used to determine genetic variation in Chinese raw dumpling quality and its relationship with flour characteristics. Large variations were observed for protein quality parameters in comparison with starch properties. Variation in color of the raw dumpling sheet was broader than that of sensory evaluation parameters of boiled dumpling among tested wheat cultivars, indicating the large influence of filling on dumpling color. Two cultivars, Jimai 20 and Zimai 12, were identified as possessing very good quality of raw dumpling, and 21 cultivars and advanced lines showed good quality. Protein and total starch content influenced the L＊ value of raw dumpling sheets. L＂ value at 0 and 2 h after sheeting were significantly influenced by protein content （r=-0.46 and -0.52, P〈0.01） and total starch content （r=0.55 and 0.57, P〈0.01）, respectively. Flour yellow pigment was significantly corrected with a＊ （r=-0.67 and -0.62, P〈0.01） and b＊ （r=0.87 and 0.84, P〈0.01） value of raw dumpling sheets at 0 and 2 h after sheeting, respectively. Gluten strength parameters such as farinograph mixing tolerance index （MTI, r=-0.55, P〈0.01） were positively associated with appearance. MTI and energy were also significantly and positively correlated with elasticity of raw dumpling, with r=-0.54 and 0.47 （P〈0.01）. The positive relationships between peak viscosity （r=0.51, P〈0.01）, breakdown （r=0.54, P〈0.01）, and smoothness of raw dumpling were also observed. Therefore, it is suggested that breeding programs should give more attention to gluten strength and starch pasting parameters for raw dumpling quality improvement.展开更多
With the vacuum freeze-drying technology, frozen dumpling wrappers were prepared, to investigate the effects of six kinds of food additives, including modified starch, compound phosphate, maltodextrin, guar gum, disti...With the vacuum freeze-drying technology, frozen dumpling wrappers were prepared, to investigate the effects of six kinds of food additives, including modified starch, compound phosphate, maltodextrin, guar gum, distilled monoglycerides and transglutaminase （TG enzyme）, on the drying rate, rehydration ratio and sense value of the frozen dumpling wrappers. The results showed that, with respective addition of 6% modified starch, O. 1% compound phosphate, 10% maltodextrin, 0.4% guar gum, 0.4% distilled monoglyceride and 0.3% transglutaminase, the drying rate, rehydration ratio and sense value of the frozen dumpling wrappers were the highest.展开更多
为研究速冻蒸饺面皮在冻藏和冻融状态的品质,将醋酸酯淀粉(acetylated starch)、可得然胶(curdlan)和卡拉胶(carrageenan)组成亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复合剂(acetate starch composited with curdlan and carrageenan,AsCC)添加入面皮,以...为研究速冻蒸饺面皮在冻藏和冻融状态的品质,将醋酸酯淀粉(acetylated starch)、可得然胶(curdlan)和卡拉胶(carrageenan)组成亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复合剂(acetate starch composited with curdlan and carrageenan,AsCC)添加入面皮,以空白作为对照,经不同冻藏时间和冻融周期处理,分析面皮复蒸后的含水率、可冻结水含量、色泽及质构变化,并通过流变仪、低场核磁共振、傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等检测手段,进一步揭示流变特性、水分状态、蛋白质二级结构以及微观结构的影响机制。结果表明:经28 d冻藏或5次冻融处理后,亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复合剂AsCC有效改善了面皮在冻藏和冻融状态的品质,1)AsCC组面皮的水分流失率相较对照组分别显著下降6.24%及5.03%(P<0.05),可冻结水含量分别以27.21%和26.75%显著低于对照组(P<0.05),提高了速冻蒸饺面皮的保水性;2)AsCC组面皮在冻藏和冻融下的亮度L^(*)分别达到65.84及66.58,相同冻藏冻融条件下显著高于对照组(P<0.05),保证了速冻蒸饺面皮的外部色泽;3)AsCC组面皮冻藏和冻融下的硬度和弹性分别达到12.54 N/cm^(2)及0.87,其胶着性、咀嚼性以及剪切力也均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),有效改善了速冻蒸饺面皮的质构特性;4)AsCC组面皮的储能模量G'和损耗模量G"显著高于对照组(P<0.05),内部强结合水峰比例A_(21)显著提高、自由水峰比例A_(23)显著下降(P<0.05),有效改善了速冻蒸饺面皮的黏弹性及保水能力;5)AsCC组面皮的α-螺旋和β-折叠等蛋白质二级有序结构占比显著高于对照组(P<0.05),微观视野下面皮面筋蛋白网络结构更加致密均匀,极大提升了速冻蒸饺面皮在长期冻藏和反复冻融下的结构稳定性。该研究将亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复用,可为速冻蒸饺及其他速冻预制面食品的冻藏或冻融品质提升提供理论参考。展开更多
The Shenzhou‑18 crew,consisting of three taikonauts,returned to Earth safely in the early hours of November 4,2024,after completing a six‑month space station mission.Their first meal on Earth after half a year became ...The Shenzhou‑18 crew,consisting of three taikonauts,returned to Earth safely in the early hours of November 4,2024,after completing a six‑month space station mission.Their first meal on Earth after half a year became a hot topic immediately.The well‑established Chinese tradition embodied by the saying“dumplings before departure,noodles upon return”means that a steaming bowl of noodles was a must‑have for their first meal back.Additionally,specific fruits were included in their first meal for symbolic purposes:cherry tomatoes,representing prosperity;Hami melons,symbolizing sweetness;and grapes,which signify harmony and unity.Meanwhile,all three taikonauts coincidentally ordered a serving of steamed egg custard.展开更多
文摘Around the world,dumplings come in Find It many shapes and sizes.A dumpling is a piece of dough.It may or may not have a filling.When there is a filling,it can be sweet or savory.Some Italian dumplings are square.They have beef or spinach and cheese in them.
基金supported by an international collaboration project on wheat improvement from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (2006GR)
文摘Dumpling is one of the most important traditional wheat products in China. Dumpling quality is determined by the characteristics of both flour and filling, thus improvement of flour quality plays an important role in improving dumpling quality. Thirty-nine Shandong winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines sown in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, in the 2008-2009 cropping season were used to determine genetic variation in Chinese raw dumpling quality and its relationship with flour characteristics. Large variations were observed for protein quality parameters in comparison with starch properties. Variation in color of the raw dumpling sheet was broader than that of sensory evaluation parameters of boiled dumpling among tested wheat cultivars, indicating the large influence of filling on dumpling color. Two cultivars, Jimai 20 and Zimai 12, were identified as possessing very good quality of raw dumpling, and 21 cultivars and advanced lines showed good quality. Protein and total starch content influenced the L＊ value of raw dumpling sheets. L＂ value at 0 and 2 h after sheeting were significantly influenced by protein content （r=-0.46 and -0.52, P〈0.01） and total starch content （r=0.55 and 0.57, P〈0.01）, respectively. Flour yellow pigment was significantly corrected with a＊ （r=-0.67 and -0.62, P〈0.01） and b＊ （r=0.87 and 0.84, P〈0.01） value of raw dumpling sheets at 0 and 2 h after sheeting, respectively. Gluten strength parameters such as farinograph mixing tolerance index （MTI, r=-0.55, P〈0.01） were positively associated with appearance. MTI and energy were also significantly and positively correlated with elasticity of raw dumpling, with r=-0.54 and 0.47 （P〈0.01）. The positive relationships between peak viscosity （r=0.51, P〈0.01）, breakdown （r=0.54, P〈0.01）, and smoothness of raw dumpling were also observed. Therefore, it is suggested that breeding programs should give more attention to gluten strength and starch pasting parameters for raw dumpling quality improvement.
基金Supported by National Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship(201410459011)
文摘With the vacuum freeze-drying technology, frozen dumpling wrappers were prepared, to investigate the effects of six kinds of food additives, including modified starch, compound phosphate, maltodextrin, guar gum, distilled monoglycerides and transglutaminase （TG enzyme）, on the drying rate, rehydration ratio and sense value of the frozen dumpling wrappers. The results showed that, with respective addition of 6% modified starch, O. 1% compound phosphate, 10% maltodextrin, 0.4% guar gum, 0.4% distilled monoglyceride and 0.3% transglutaminase, the drying rate, rehydration ratio and sense value of the frozen dumpling wrappers were the highest.
文摘为研究速冻蒸饺面皮在冻藏和冻融状态的品质,将醋酸酯淀粉(acetylated starch)、可得然胶(curdlan)和卡拉胶(carrageenan)组成亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复合剂(acetate starch composited with curdlan and carrageenan,AsCC)添加入面皮,以空白作为对照,经不同冻藏时间和冻融周期处理,分析面皮复蒸后的含水率、可冻结水含量、色泽及质构变化,并通过流变仪、低场核磁共振、傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等检测手段,进一步揭示流变特性、水分状态、蛋白质二级结构以及微观结构的影响机制。结果表明:经28 d冻藏或5次冻融处理后,亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复合剂AsCC有效改善了面皮在冻藏和冻融状态的品质,1)AsCC组面皮的水分流失率相较对照组分别显著下降6.24%及5.03%(P<0.05),可冻结水含量分别以27.21%和26.75%显著低于对照组(P<0.05),提高了速冻蒸饺面皮的保水性;2)AsCC组面皮在冻藏和冻融下的亮度L^(*)分别达到65.84及66.58,相同冻藏冻融条件下显著高于对照组(P<0.05),保证了速冻蒸饺面皮的外部色泽;3)AsCC组面皮冻藏和冻融下的硬度和弹性分别达到12.54 N/cm^(2)及0.87,其胶着性、咀嚼性以及剪切力也均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),有效改善了速冻蒸饺面皮的质构特性;4)AsCC组面皮的储能模量G'和损耗模量G"显著高于对照组(P<0.05),内部强结合水峰比例A_(21)显著提高、自由水峰比例A_(23)显著下降(P<0.05),有效改善了速冻蒸饺面皮的黏弹性及保水能力;5)AsCC组面皮的α-螺旋和β-折叠等蛋白质二级有序结构占比显著高于对照组(P<0.05),微观视野下面皮面筋蛋白网络结构更加致密均匀,极大提升了速冻蒸饺面皮在长期冻藏和反复冻融下的结构稳定性。该研究将亲水胶体与醋酸酯淀粉复用,可为速冻蒸饺及其他速冻预制面食品的冻藏或冻融品质提升提供理论参考。
文摘The Shenzhou‑18 crew,consisting of three taikonauts,returned to Earth safely in the early hours of November 4,2024,after completing a six‑month space station mission.Their first meal on Earth after half a year became a hot topic immediately.The well‑established Chinese tradition embodied by the saying“dumplings before departure,noodles upon return”means that a steaming bowl of noodles was a must‑have for their first meal back.Additionally,specific fruits were included in their first meal for symbolic purposes:cherry tomatoes,representing prosperity;Hami melons,symbolizing sweetness;and grapes,which signify harmony and unity.Meanwhile,all three taikonauts coincidentally ordered a serving of steamed egg custard.
