Quantitative visualization of pivotal biomarkers and accurate delineation of tumor lesion boundary are highly significant to assist surgeon precisely resect the tumors and reduce the risk of recurrence.Activatable flu...Quantitative visualization of pivotal biomarkers and accurate delineation of tumor lesion boundary are highly significant to assist surgeon precisely resect the tumors and reduce the risk of recurrence.Activatable fluorescent probes hold great promise for intraoperative guidance of tumor surgery with high signal-to-background ratio(SBR).Here,we report a γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)-activated fluorogenic probe Indol-Glu for quantitative visualization of GGT and fluorescence-guided tumor resection.The fluorescence of Indol-Glu was initially“off”state but was specifically activated by GGT to produce enhanced near-infrared(NIR)fluorescence(~37-fold at 741 nm).It is also accompanied by the formation of self-assemblies in the tumor microenvironment resulting in prolonged retention in tumor tissues,which was demonstrated to be able to apply for NIR imaging-guided surgical resection of GGT-overexpressed luciferase-transfected hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC/Luc)tumor.More notably,taking advantage of the ratiometric photoacoustic signal(PA_(690)/PA_(800))characteristic of Indol-Glu under the digestion of GGT,quantitative visual assessment of GGT activities in various tumor models was achieved in living mice.We believe that this research work may offer a powerful tool for precise diagnosis and surgical resection of malignant tumors.展开更多
Photon counts about 15 cm from the left and right sides of the head while subjects sat quietly during baseline conditions within a hyper-dark chamber were measured by photomultiplier units. Lag/lead analyses for photo...Photon counts about 15 cm from the left and right sides of the head while subjects sat quietly during baseline conditions within a hyper-dark chamber were measured by photomultiplier units. Lag/lead analyses for photon emissions between the two hemispheres indicated a weak but statistically significant correlation between the amplitude fluctuations that were separated by about 800 to 900 ms. Analyses of the spectral power densities of photon amplitude variations from the left and right hemispheres revealed peak values between 2 and 3 Hz which were equivalent to a difference of about 900 ms. The radiant flux densities were estimated to be in the order of 10<sup>?12</sup> W?m<sup>?2</sup> and to include the equivalence of about 10<sup>7</sup> neurons. Our calculations, which accounted for the small magnitude of the strength of the interhemispheric coefficients, suggest that the coherence could be strongly correlated with processes associated with the unmyelinated axons with diameters between 400 to 800 nm, the visible wavelengths, within the corpus callosum. When the ratio of the phase shift was applied to the Aharanov-Bohm equation, the time required for a photon-related electron to be within a cerebral magnetic field was the same duration as a single orbit of an electron and a photon’s traversal latency across a neuronal plasma membrane. We suggest that the peak photon decoherence between the two cerebral hemispheres may reveal a neuronal-quanta substrate to the conditions associated with consciousness.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2325019 and 22077092)Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(No.BK20243030)+3 种基金the special project of“Technological innovation”project of CNNC Medical Industry Co.Ltd(No.ZHYLYB2021001)Four“Batches”Innovation Project of Invigorating Medical through Science and Technology of Shanxi Province(No.2022XM19)the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection(Nos.GZK1202309,GZK12023050,GZK12024016,and GZK12024013)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Quantitative visualization of pivotal biomarkers and accurate delineation of tumor lesion boundary are highly significant to assist surgeon precisely resect the tumors and reduce the risk of recurrence.Activatable fluorescent probes hold great promise for intraoperative guidance of tumor surgery with high signal-to-background ratio(SBR).Here,we report a γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)-activated fluorogenic probe Indol-Glu for quantitative visualization of GGT and fluorescence-guided tumor resection.The fluorescence of Indol-Glu was initially“off”state but was specifically activated by GGT to produce enhanced near-infrared(NIR)fluorescence(~37-fold at 741 nm).It is also accompanied by the formation of self-assemblies in the tumor microenvironment resulting in prolonged retention in tumor tissues,which was demonstrated to be able to apply for NIR imaging-guided surgical resection of GGT-overexpressed luciferase-transfected hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC/Luc)tumor.More notably,taking advantage of the ratiometric photoacoustic signal(PA_(690)/PA_(800))characteristic of Indol-Glu under the digestion of GGT,quantitative visual assessment of GGT activities in various tumor models was achieved in living mice.We believe that this research work may offer a powerful tool for precise diagnosis and surgical resection of malignant tumors.
文摘Photon counts about 15 cm from the left and right sides of the head while subjects sat quietly during baseline conditions within a hyper-dark chamber were measured by photomultiplier units. Lag/lead analyses for photon emissions between the two hemispheres indicated a weak but statistically significant correlation between the amplitude fluctuations that were separated by about 800 to 900 ms. Analyses of the spectral power densities of photon amplitude variations from the left and right hemispheres revealed peak values between 2 and 3 Hz which were equivalent to a difference of about 900 ms. The radiant flux densities were estimated to be in the order of 10<sup>?12</sup> W?m<sup>?2</sup> and to include the equivalence of about 10<sup>7</sup> neurons. Our calculations, which accounted for the small magnitude of the strength of the interhemispheric coefficients, suggest that the coherence could be strongly correlated with processes associated with the unmyelinated axons with diameters between 400 to 800 nm, the visible wavelengths, within the corpus callosum. When the ratio of the phase shift was applied to the Aharanov-Bohm equation, the time required for a photon-related electron to be within a cerebral magnetic field was the same duration as a single orbit of an electron and a photon’s traversal latency across a neuronal plasma membrane. We suggest that the peak photon decoherence between the two cerebral hemispheres may reveal a neuronal-quanta substrate to the conditions associated with consciousness.
