Quantitative description of the high-capacity channels in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, into which water was injected to improve oil recovery, is a hot topic in the field of reservoir development. This paper pr...Quantitative description of the high-capacity channels in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, into which water was injected to improve oil recovery, is a hot topic in the field of reservoir development. This paper presents a novel approach to describing quantitatively the characteristics of connected macropores in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs using in situ production data. Based on physical simulation for formation mechanisms of high capacity channels and interwell tracer test data, a mathematical model was established to describe high-capacity channels by grey correlation theory, flow mechanism of fluid in porous media and reservoir engineering, and a program was developed to describe quantitatively the channel characteristics. The predicted results were consistent with field monitoring data （80%）, so this model could be economically and effectively used to identify high-capacity channels.展开更多
The material's microstructure is the output of the material composition and production process;simultaneously, it is the key factor in the material's performance and plays an important role in the material dev...The material's microstructure is the output of the material composition and production process;simultaneously, it is the key factor in the material's performance and plays an important role in the material development cycle.The digital features of microstructures that can be recognized by a computer are obtained through the quantitative description of the material's microstructure, and a mathematical model is used to associate them with the composition, process, and properties.Combining the evolution mechanism of microstructure features can help quickly to predict microstructure properties, which can be used to optimize the composition and process, accelerate product development iteration, and solve the long cycle problem of traditional research and development mode while lowering the high cost of high-frequency trial production.This paper introduces the development and application of the combination of image knowledge, computer knowledge, and expert experience in the quantification of microstructures and the practical cases of recent studies of the Mask-Regions with Convolutional Neural Network Features(RCNN) method combined with machine learning in the digital research and development of heavy plates in Baosteel, and prospects the potential application of the quantification of microstructures of materials.展开更多
The sensory evaluation method was introduced so late in China, and a complete system of this method has not built yet in cosmetics industry. In this article, the application of the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis me...The sensory evaluation method was introduced so late in China, and a complete system of this method has not built yet in cosmetics industry. In this article, the application of the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method in the evaluation of the sensory assessment items are studied. With the SPSS reliability analysis, it was found that the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method is not suitable for some sensory assessment items.展开更多
The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity d...The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity degree/relation in multi-scale map spaces and then proposes a model for calculating the degree of spatial similarity between a point cloud at one scale and its gener- alized counterpart at another scale. After validation, the new model features 16 points with map scale change as the x coordinate and the degree of spatial similarity as the y coordinate. Finally, using an application for curve fitting, the model achieves an empirical formula that can calculate the degree of spatial similarity using map scale change as the sole independent variable, and vice versa. This formula can be used to automate algorithms for point feature generalization and to determine when to terminate them during the generalization.展开更多
This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schema...This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.展开更多
A method was developed to quantitatively describe the time-varying Lorentz force field induced in billet under harmonic magnetic field.Based on the numerical analysis of the Lorentz force,the numeral features were con...A method was developed to quantitatively describe the time-varying Lorentz force field induced in billet under harmonic magnetic field.Based on the numerical analysis of the Lorentz force,the numeral features were concluded, which comprised of the mean force,the maximum force,the long axis,short axis and rotation direction of ellipse,the phase difference index,and so on.Using this method,the Lorentz force field in φ160 billet under 3 Hz harmonic magnetic field were analyzed.展开更多
In modern processing of conducting materials, such as steel,the time-varying electromagnetic field plays a key role in obtaining the desired microstructure or eliminating solidification defects such as porosity and se...In modern processing of conducting materials, such as steel,the time-varying electromagnetic field plays a key role in obtaining the desired microstructure or eliminating solidification defects such as porosity and segregation in cast billets. Up to now,few studies on the induced electromagnetic force （also called the Lorentz force） field in liquid metal have been reported. Compared with the magnetic field, the induced force field is the real and only direct cause for flow control. The electromagnetic force is comprised of two components. One is time-independent and the other is time- dependent. The time-dependent component varies with time in both amplitude and direction. When it reaches the extreme value,it can be one dozen times larger than the time-independent component. In this paper, a new method to quantitatively describe the induced electromagnetic force in liquid metal under a harmonic electromagnetic field,including both its time- independent and dependent components, was proposed based on the formula derivation from the data of amplitude and phase angle. Through this method ,the features of the time-dependent component were discussed, including the directions of rotation and the long axis. As a result, the force pattern was described. With two example calculations, the method was explained in detail. The results of both examples show that the force field in liquid metal can be divided into several regions with different force features. Example 1 shows the effect of coil position on the evolution of the force field pattern in liquid metal. Example 2 is a kind of stirring by the travelling magnetic field ,whose results present the sub-structures in metal and show that most of them have almost the same rotating direction.展开更多
Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect...Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect of hot air drying(HAD),microwave vacuum drying(MVD)and hot air assisted radio frequency drying(HARFD)on the taste and volatile profiles of Takifugu obscurus.Different drying methods had significant influence on the color,rehydration,5’-nucleotides,free amino acids and volatile components(P<0.05).The results showed that HAD and HARFD could promote the flavor of T.obscurus by producing higher equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values,which were about two times of MVD group,and more pronounced pleasant odor according to sensory analysis.HAD is more appropriate for industrial application than HARFD and MVD considering the economic benefits.This study could provide a reference for the industrial application of drying T.obscurus.展开更多
Luxury products, household appliances, cosmetics and products for the general public all use the techniques of sensory marketing in the very first phases of conception to specify or give a distinct character to the wa...Luxury products, household appliances, cosmetics and products for the general public all use the techniques of sensory marketing in the very first phases of conception to specify or give a distinct character to the way they are perceived. Creating the visio-tactile qualities of a mobile phone or dashboard, designing the acoustics used in a lipstick tube closure: these considerations offer industry a way of managing and mastering the sensorial identity which will set their products apart from those of their competitors. Sensory marketing is based upon the objective definition, the analysis and the mastering of the qualitative characteristics of the object to be conceived.展开更多
文摘Quantitative description of the high-capacity channels in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, into which water was injected to improve oil recovery, is a hot topic in the field of reservoir development. This paper presents a novel approach to describing quantitatively the characteristics of connected macropores in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs using in situ production data. Based on physical simulation for formation mechanisms of high capacity channels and interwell tracer test data, a mathematical model was established to describe high-capacity channels by grey correlation theory, flow mechanism of fluid in porous media and reservoir engineering, and a program was developed to describe quantitatively the channel characteristics. The predicted results were consistent with field monitoring data （80%）, so this model could be economically and effectively used to identify high-capacity channels.
文摘The material's microstructure is the output of the material composition and production process;simultaneously, it is the key factor in the material's performance and plays an important role in the material development cycle.The digital features of microstructures that can be recognized by a computer are obtained through the quantitative description of the material's microstructure, and a mathematical model is used to associate them with the composition, process, and properties.Combining the evolution mechanism of microstructure features can help quickly to predict microstructure properties, which can be used to optimize the composition and process, accelerate product development iteration, and solve the long cycle problem of traditional research and development mode while lowering the high cost of high-frequency trial production.This paper introduces the development and application of the combination of image knowledge, computer knowledge, and expert experience in the quantification of microstructures and the practical cases of recent studies of the Mask-Regions with Convolutional Neural Network Features(RCNN) method combined with machine learning in the digital research and development of heavy plates in Baosteel, and prospects the potential application of the quantification of microstructures of materials.
文摘The sensory evaluation method was introduced so late in China, and a complete system of this method has not built yet in cosmetics industry. In this article, the application of the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method in the evaluation of the sensory assessment items are studied. With the SPSS reliability analysis, it was found that the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method is not suitable for some sensory assessment items.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation Committee,China(41364001,41371435)
文摘The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity degree/relation in multi-scale map spaces and then proposes a model for calculating the degree of spatial similarity between a point cloud at one scale and its gener- alized counterpart at another scale. After validation, the new model features 16 points with map scale change as the x coordinate and the degree of spatial similarity as the y coordinate. Finally, using an application for curve fitting, the model achieves an empirical formula that can calculate the degree of spatial similarity using map scale change as the sole independent variable, and vice versa. This formula can be used to automate algorithms for point feature generalization and to determine when to terminate them during the generalization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 40821092,40633016,and 40875022
文摘This study quantifies the main characteristics of a terrain-following, G-coordinate through mathematical analyses of its covariant and contravariant basis vectors as well as the vertical coordinate of σ. A 3-D schematic of the σ-coordinate in a curvilinear coordinate system is provided in this study. The characteristics of the basis vectors were broken down into their ＂local vector charac- teristics＂ and ＂spatial distribution characteristics＂, and the exact expressions of the covariant; in addition, the con- travariant basis vectors of the G-coordinate used to eluci- date their detailed characteristics were properly solved. Through rewriting the expression of the vertical coordi- nate of G, a mathematical expression of all the cr-coor- dinate surfaces was found, thereby quantifying the so- called terrain-following characteristics and lack of flexi- bility to adjust the slope variation of G-coordinate sur- faces for the classic definition of G. Finally, an analysis on the range value of the vertical coordinate demonstrated that the general value range of G could be obtained by eliminating the G-coordinate surfaces below the Earth＇s surface. All these quantitative descriptions of the charac- teristics of G-coordinate were the foundation for improv- ing the G-coordinate or creating a new one.
文摘A method was developed to quantitatively describe the time-varying Lorentz force field induced in billet under harmonic magnetic field.Based on the numerical analysis of the Lorentz force,the numeral features were concluded, which comprised of the mean force,the maximum force,the long axis,short axis and rotation direction of ellipse,the phase difference index,and so on.Using this method,the Lorentz force field in φ160 billet under 3 Hz harmonic magnetic field were analyzed.
文摘In modern processing of conducting materials, such as steel,the time-varying electromagnetic field plays a key role in obtaining the desired microstructure or eliminating solidification defects such as porosity and segregation in cast billets. Up to now,few studies on the induced electromagnetic force （also called the Lorentz force） field in liquid metal have been reported. Compared with the magnetic field, the induced force field is the real and only direct cause for flow control. The electromagnetic force is comprised of two components. One is time-independent and the other is time- dependent. The time-dependent component varies with time in both amplitude and direction. When it reaches the extreme value,it can be one dozen times larger than the time-independent component. In this paper, a new method to quantitatively describe the induced electromagnetic force in liquid metal under a harmonic electromagnetic field,including both its time- independent and dependent components, was proposed based on the formula derivation from the data of amplitude and phase angle. Through this method ,the features of the time-dependent component were discussed, including the directions of rotation and the long axis. As a result, the force pattern was described. With two example calculations, the method was explained in detail. The results of both examples show that the force field in liquid metal can be divided into several regions with different force features. Example 1 shows the effect of coil position on the evolution of the force field pattern in liquid metal. Example 2 is a kind of stirring by the travelling magnetic field ,whose results present the sub-structures in metal and show that most of them have almost the same rotating direction.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China (32001824, 31972198, 31901813, 31901816, 32001827)Startup Fund for Youngman Research at SJTU (SFYR at SJTU)
文摘Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect of hot air drying(HAD),microwave vacuum drying(MVD)and hot air assisted radio frequency drying(HARFD)on the taste and volatile profiles of Takifugu obscurus.Different drying methods had significant influence on the color,rehydration,5’-nucleotides,free amino acids and volatile components(P<0.05).The results showed that HAD and HARFD could promote the flavor of T.obscurus by producing higher equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values,which were about two times of MVD group,and more pronounced pleasant odor according to sensory analysis.HAD is more appropriate for industrial application than HARFD and MVD considering the economic benefits.This study could provide a reference for the industrial application of drying T.obscurus.
文摘Luxury products, household appliances, cosmetics and products for the general public all use the techniques of sensory marketing in the very first phases of conception to specify or give a distinct character to the way they are perceived. Creating the visio-tactile qualities of a mobile phone or dashboard, designing the acoustics used in a lipstick tube closure: these considerations offer industry a way of managing and mastering the sensorial identity which will set their products apart from those of their competitors. Sensory marketing is based upon the objective definition, the analysis and the mastering of the qualitative characteristics of the object to be conceived.
