This paper evaluates the performance of Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) based Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) virtual private network (VPN) in a small to medium sized organization. The demand for security in d...This paper evaluates the performance of Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) based Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) virtual private network (VPN) in a small to medium sized organization. The demand for security in data networks has been increasing owing to the high cyber attacks and potential risks associated with networks spread over distant geographical locations. The MPLS networks ride on the public network backbone that is porous and highly susceptible to attacks and so the need for reliable security mechanisms to be part of the deployment plan. The evaluation criteria concentrated on Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Video conferencing with keen interest in jitter, end to end delivery and general data flow. This study used both structured questionnaire and observation methods. The structured questionnaire was administered to a group of 70 VPN users in a company. This provided the study with precise responses. The observation method was used in data simulations using OPNET Version 14.5 Simulation software. The results show that the IPSec features increase the size of data packets by approximately 9.98% translating into approximately 90.02% effectiveness. The tests showed that the performance metrics are all well within the recommended standards. The IPSec Based MPLS Virtual private network is more stable and secure than one without IPSec.展开更多
Ad-hoc networking has mainly been associated with military battlefield networks. Security has received considerably less attention and the issue needs to be addressed before any successful applications will appear. Du...Ad-hoc networking has mainly been associated with military battlefield networks. Security has received considerably less attention and the issue needs to be addressed before any successful applications will appear. Due to the insecure nature of the wireless link and their dynamically changing topology, wireless ad-hoc networks require a careful and security-oriented approach for designing routing protocols. In this paper, an AODV-based secure routing protocol- ENAODV is presented. A speed-optimized digital signature algorithm is integrated into the routing protocol. The protocol algorithm is implemented with NS-2. The security of the protocol is analyzed. The simulating results show that the performances of ENAODV protocol, such as average node energy consumption, packet delay and packet delivery is nearly the same as standard AODV protocol.展开更多
Accurate time synchronization is fundamental to the correct and efficient operation of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),especially in security-critical,time-sensitive applications.However,most existing protocols degrade...Accurate time synchronization is fundamental to the correct and efficient operation of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),especially in security-critical,time-sensitive applications.However,most existing protocols degrade substantially under malicious interference.We introduce iSTSP,an Intelligent and Secure Time Synchronization Protocol that implements a four-stage defense pipeline to ensure robust,precise synchronization even in hostile environments:(1)trust preprocessing that filters node participation using behavioral trust scoring;(2)anomaly isolation employing a lightweight autoencoder to detect and excise malicious nodes in real time;(3)reliability-weighted consensus that prioritizes high-trust nodes during time aggregation;and(4)convergence-optimized synchronization that dynamically adjusts parameters using theoretical stability bounds.We provide rigorous convergence analysis including a closed-form expression for convergence time,and validate the protocol through both simulations and realworld experiments on a controlled 16-node testbed.Under Sybil attacks with five malicious nodes within this testbed,iSTSP maintains synchronization error increases under 12%and achieves a rapid convergence.Compared to state-ofthe-art protocols like TPSN,SE-FTSP,and MMAR-CTS,iSTSP offers 60%faster detection,broader threat coverage,and more than 7 times lower synchronization error,with a modest 9.3%energy overhead over 8 h.We argue this is an acceptable trade-off for mission-critical deployments requiring guaranteed security.These findings demonstrate iSTSP’s potential as a reliable solution for secure WSN synchronization and motivate future work on large-scale IoT deployments and integration with energy-efficient communication protocols.展开更多
In order to transmit the secure messages,a deterministic secure quantum direct communication protocol,called the "Ping-pong"protocol was proposed by Bostrm and Felbinger [Phys.Rev.Lett.89,187902(2002) ].But ...In order to transmit the secure messages,a deterministic secure quantum direct communication protocol,called the "Ping-pong"protocol was proposed by Bostrm and Felbinger [Phys.Rev.Lett.89,187902(2002) ].But the protocol was proved to have many vulnerabilities,and can be attacked by eavesdroppers.To overcome the problem,an improved security detection strategy which inserts the | 0〉,| 1〉,|+〉and |-〉particles into the messages as the decoy particles randomly in the"Ping-pong"protocol is presented.During the security analysis,the method of the entropy theory is introduced,and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information which eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced.Because of the presence of the trap particles |+〉and |-〉,the detection rate will be no less than 25% when Eve attacks the communication.The security analysis result shows that the efficiency of eavesdropping detection in the presented protocol is higher than the other two,so the detection strategy in the protocol can ensure that the "Ping-pong"protocol is more secure.展开更多
We present a model based on Computational Temporal Logic(CTL)methods forverifying security requirements of electronic commerce,protocols.The model describes formally theauthentication,confidentiality integrity,non-rep...We present a model based on Computational Temporal Logic(CTL)methods forverifying security requirements of electronic commerce,protocols.The model describes formally theauthentication,confidentiality integrity,non-repudiation denial of serviee and access control ofthe e-lectronic commerce protocols.We illustrate as case study a variant of the Lu-Smolka protocolproposed by Lu-Smolka Moreover,we have discovered two attacks that allow a dishonest user topurchase a good debiting the amountto another user.And also,we compared our work with relativeresearch works and found lhat the formal way of this paper is more general to specify securityprotocols for E-Commerce.展开更多
With the development of cloud computing technology,more and more data owners upload their local data to the public cloud server for storage and calculation.While this can save customers’operating costs,it also poses ...With the development of cloud computing technology,more and more data owners upload their local data to the public cloud server for storage and calculation.While this can save customers’operating costs,it also poses privacy and security challenges.Such challenges can be solved using secure multi-party computation(SMPC),but this still exposes more security issues.In cloud computing using SMPC,clients need to process their data and submit the processed data to the cloud server,which then performs the calculation and returns the results to each client.Each client and server must be honest.If there is cooperation or dishonest behavior between clients,some clients may profit from it or even disclose the private data of other clients.This paper proposes the SMPC based on a Partially-Homomorphic Encryption(PHE)scheme in which an addition homomorphic encryption algorithm with a lower computational cost is used to ensure data comparability and Zero-Knowledge Proof(ZKP)is used to limit the client’s malicious behavior.In addition,the introduction of Oblivious Transfer(OT)technology also ensures that the semi-honest cloud server knows nothing about private data,so that the cloud server of this scheme can calculate the correct data in the case of malicious participant models and safely return the calculation results to each client.Finally,the security analysis shows that the scheme not only ensures the privacy of participants,but also ensures the fairness of the comparison protocol data.展开更多
To analyze the security of two-step quantum direct communication protocol （QDCP） by using Einstein-Podolsky Rosen pair proposed by Deng et al. [Phys. Rev. A 68 （2003）042317] in collective-rotation noise channel, a...To analyze the security of two-step quantum direct communication protocol （QDCP） by using Einstein-Podolsky Rosen pair proposed by Deng et al. [Phys. Rev. A 68 （2003）042317] in collective-rotation noise channel, an excellent model of noise analysis is proposed. In the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and is compared with QDCP, an error rate point Qo（M ： （Q0, 1.0）） is given. In different noise levels, if Eve wants to obtain the same amount of information, the error rate Q is distinguishable. The larger the noise level ~ is, the larger the error rate Q is. When the noise level ~ is lower than 11%, the high error rate is 0.153 without eavesdropping. Lastly, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. It turns out that the quantum channel will be safe when Q 〈 0.153. Similarly, if error rate Q〉 0.153 = Q0, eavesdropping information I 〉 1, which means that there exist eavesdroppers in the quantum channel, and the quantum channel will not be safe anymore.展开更多
Lightweight and safety are two essential features for large-scale application of radio frequency identification （RFID） tags. Based on the analysis of potential safety problem of RFID and the characteristics of exist...Lightweight and safety are two essential features for large-scale application of radio frequency identification （RFID） tags. Based on the analysis of potential safety problem of RFID and the characteristics of existing typical authentication protocol, a new low-cost RFID tags authentication protocol was proposed. The performance of the new protocol was analyzed. The results show that the protocol can resist replay attacks and concurrent attacks and has nontracking, authenticity, and service availability. In addition, the protocol can also reduce the storage of tags and computation burden to meet the application requirements of low-cost tags.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a partially non-cryptographic security routing protocol （PNCSR） that protects both routing and data forwarding operations through the same reactive approach. PNCSR only apply public-key cry...In this paper, we propose a partially non-cryptographic security routing protocol （PNCSR） that protects both routing and data forwarding operations through the same reactive approach. PNCSR only apply public-key cryptographic system in managing token, but it doesn＇t utilize any cryptographic primitives on the routing messages. In PNCSR, each node is fair. Local neighboring nodes collaboratively monitor each other and sustain each other. It also uses a novel credit strategy which additively increases the token lifetime each time a node renews its token. We also analyze the storage, computation, and communication overhead of PNCSR, and provide a simple yet meaningful overhead comparison. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of PNCSR in various situations.展开更多
Denial of Service Distributed Denial of Service （DOS） attack, especially （DDoS） attack, is one of the greatest threats to Internet. Much research has been done for it by now, however, it is always concentrated in ...Denial of Service Distributed Denial of Service （DOS） attack, especially （DDoS） attack, is one of the greatest threats to Internet. Much research has been done for it by now, however, it is always concentrated in the behaviors of the network and can not deal with the problem exactly. In this paper, we start from the security of the protocol, then we propose a novel theory for security protocol analysis of Denial of Service in order to deal with the DoS attack. We first introduce the conception of weighted graph to extend the strand space model, then we extend the penetrator model and define the goal of anti-DoS attack through the conception of the DoS-stop protocol, finally we propose two kinds of DoS test model and erect the novel formal theory for security protocol analysis of Denial of Service. Our new formal theory is applied in two example protocols. It is proved that the Internet key exchange （IKE） easily suffers from the DoS attacks, and the efficient DoS- resistant secure key exchange protocol （JFK） is resistant against DoS attack for the server, respectively.展开更多
Group key exchange protocols are basic protocols to provide privacy and integrity in secure group communication. This paper discusses the security of one type of group key exchange protocols and defines the kind of pr...Group key exchange protocols are basic protocols to provide privacy and integrity in secure group communication. This paper discusses the security of one type of group key exchange protocols and defines the kind of protocols as broadcaster group protocols. It points out two attacks on this kind of protocols. The first attack can be avoided by using fresh values in each action during one session of the group protocol. The second attack should be related with concrete application. It also proposes a dynamic key agreement protocol as an example of solutions at the last part of the paper.展开更多
Semi-device-independent quantum key distribution （SDI-QKD） has been proposed by applying the quantum dimension correlation, and the security relies on the violation of quantum dimension witness inequalities. We prov...Semi-device-independent quantum key distribution （SDI-QKD） has been proposed by applying the quantum dimension correlation, and the security relies on the violation of quantum dimension witness inequalities. We prove the security of the SDI-QKD protocol under the depolarization channel by considering the quantum dimension witness inequalities and minimum entropy and the specific process of the QKD protocol, combining with a four- quantum-state preparation and three measurement bases. We also provide the relationship between the dimension witness value, the error rate and the security key rate by the numerical simulation.展开更多
Cloud computing becomes an important application development platform for processing user data with high security.Service providers are accustomed to providing storage centers outside the trusted location preferred by...Cloud computing becomes an important application development platform for processing user data with high security.Service providers are accustomed to providing storage centers outside the trusted location preferred by the data owner.Thus,ensuring the security and confidentiality of the data while processing in the centralized network is very difficult.The secured key transmission between the sender and the receiver in the network is a huge challenge in managing most of the sensitive data transmission among the cloud network.Intruders are very active over the network like real authenticated user to hack the personal sensitive data,such as bank balance,health data,personal data,and confidential documents over the cloud network.In this research,a secured key agreement between the sender and the receiver using Kerberos authentication protocol with fingerprint is proposed to ensure security in M-Healthcare.Conditions of patients are monitored using wireless sensor devices and are then transferred to the server.Kerberos protocol helps in avoiding unnecessary communication of authenticated data over the cloud network.Biometric security process is a procedure with the best security in most of the authentication field.Trust node is responsible in carrying data packets from the sender to the receiver in the cloud network.The Kerberos protocol is used in trust node to ensure security.Secured communication between the local health center and the healthcare server is ensured by using a fingerprint feature called minutiae form,which refers to the fingerprint image of both sender and receiver.The computational and communicational cost of the proposed system is lesser when compared with other existing authentication methods.展开更多
Internet voting protocols is the base of the Internet voting systems. In this paper a new practical Internet voting protocol is introduced. The proposed Internet voting protocol does not apply the strong physical assu...Internet voting protocols is the base of the Internet voting systems. In this paper a new practical Internet voting protocol is introduced. The proposed Internet voting protocol does not apply the strong physical assumptions and has the properties of privacy, completeness, soundness, fairness, invariableness, and universal verifiability, receipt-free and coercion-resistant. At the same time it solves some problems in other internet voting protocols and the verification progress of universal verifiability is simple and efficient.展开更多
Electronic auctions(e-auctions)remove the physical limitations of traditional auctions and bring this mechanism to the general public.However,most e-auction schemes involve a trusted auctioneer,which is not always cre...Electronic auctions(e-auctions)remove the physical limitations of traditional auctions and bring this mechanism to the general public.However,most e-auction schemes involve a trusted auctioneer,which is not always credible in practice.Some studies have applied cryptography tools to solve this problem by distributing trust,but they ignore the existence of collusion.In this paper,a blockchain-based Privacy-Preserving and Collusion-Resistant scheme(PPCR)for double auctions is proposed by employing both cryptography and blockchain technology,which is the first decentralized and collusion-resistant double auction scheme that guarantees bidder anonymity and bid privacy.A two-server-based auction framework is designed to support off-chain allocation with privacy preservation and on-chain dispute resolution for collusion resistance.A Dispute Resolution agreement(DR)is provided to the auctioneer to prove that they have conducted the auction correctly and the result is fair and correct.In addition,a Concise Dispute Resolution protocol(CDR)is designed to handle situations where the number of accused winners is small,significantly reducing the computation cost of dispute resolution.Extensive experimental results confirm that PPCR can indeed achieve efficient collusion resistance and verifiability of auction results with low on-chain and off-chain computational overhead.展开更多
Pervasive IoT applications enable us to perceive,analyze,control,and optimize the traditional physical systems.Recently,security breaches in many IoT applications have indicated that IoT applications may put the physi...Pervasive IoT applications enable us to perceive,analyze,control,and optimize the traditional physical systems.Recently,security breaches in many IoT applications have indicated that IoT applications may put the physical systems at risk.Severe resource constraints and insufficient security design are two major causes of many security problems in IoT applications.As an extension of the cloud,the emerging edge computing with rich resources provides us a new venue to design and deploy novel security solutions for IoT applications.Although there are some research efforts in this area,edge-based security designs for IoT applications are still in its infancy.This paper aims to present a comprehensive survey of existing IoT security solutions at the edge layer as well as to inspire more edge-based IoT security designs.We first present an edge-centric IoT architecture.Then,we extensively review the edge-based IoT security research efforts in the context of security architecture designs,firewalls,intrusion detection systems,authentication and authorization protocols,and privacy-preserving mechanisms.Finally,we propose our insight into future research directions and open research issues.展开更多
Modem information technology has been utilized progressively to store and distribute a large amount of healthcare data to reduce costs and improve medical facilities.In this context,the emergence of e-Health clouds of...Modem information technology has been utilized progressively to store and distribute a large amount of healthcare data to reduce costs and improve medical facilities.In this context,the emergence of e-Health clouds offers novel opportunities,like easy and remote accessibility of medical data.However,this achievement produces plenty of new risks and challenges like how to provide integrity,security,and confidentiality to the highly susceptible e-Health data.Among these challenges,authentication is a major issue that ensures that the susceptible medical data in clouds is not available to illegal participants.The smart card,password and biometrics are three factors of authentication which fulfill the requirement of giving high security.Numerous three-factor ECC-based authentication protocols on e-Health clouds have been presented so far.However,most of the protocols have serious security flaws and produce high computation and communication overheads.Therefore,we introduce a novel protocol for the e-Health cloud,which thwarts some major attacks,such as user anonymity,offline password guessing,impersonation,and stolen smart card attacks.Moreover,we evaluate our protocol through formal security analysis using the Random Oracle Model(ROM).The analysis shows that our proposed protocol is more efficient than many existing protocols in terms of computation and communication costs.Thus,our proposed protocol is proved to be more efficient,robust and secure.展开更多
The single planar routing protocol has a slow convergence rate in the large-scale Wireless Sensor Network(WSN).Although the hierarchical routing protocol can effectively cope with large-scale application scenarios,how...The single planar routing protocol has a slow convergence rate in the large-scale Wireless Sensor Network(WSN).Although the hierarchical routing protocol can effectively cope with large-scale application scenarios,how to elect a secure cluster head and balance the network load becomes an enormous challenge.In this paper,a Trust Management-based and Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol(LEACH-TM)is proposed.In LEACH-TM,by using the number of dynamic decision cluster head nodes,residual energy and density of neighbor nodes,the size of the cluster can be better constrained to improve energy efficiency,and avoid excessive energy consumption of a node.Simultaneously,the trust management scheme is introduced into LEACH-TM to defend against internal attacks.The simulation results show that,compared with LEACH-SWDN protocol and LEACH protocol,LEACH-TM outperforms in prolonging the network lifetime and balancing the energy consumption,and can effectively mitigate the influence of malicious nodes on cluster head selection,which can greatiy guarantee the security of the overall network.展开更多
The resilient storage outsourcing schemes in mobile cloud computing are analyzed. It is pointed out that the sharing-based scheme （ShS） has vulnerabilities regarding confidentiality and integrity; meanwhile, the cod...The resilient storage outsourcing schemes in mobile cloud computing are analyzed. It is pointed out that the sharing-based scheme （ShS） has vulnerabilities regarding confidentiality and integrity; meanwhile, the coding-based scheme （COS） and the encryption-based scheme （EnS） have vulnerabilities on integrity. The corresponding attacks on these vulnerabilities are given. Then, the improved protocols such as the secure sharing-based protocol （SShP）, the secure coding-based protocol （SCoP） and the secure encryption- based protocol （SEnP）, are proposed to overcome these vulnerabilities. The core elements are protected through public key encryptions and digital signatures. Security analyses show that the confidentiality and the integrity of the improved protocols are guaranteed. Meanwhile, the improved protocols can keep the frame of the former schemes and have higher security. The simulation results illustrate that compared with the existing protocols, the communication overhead of the improved protocols is not significantly increased.展开更多
To address security and privacy issues in radio frequency identification (RFID) traceability networks, a multi-layer privacy and security framework is proposed, which includes four facets: a security model, a communic...To address security and privacy issues in radio frequency identification (RFID) traceability networks, a multi-layer privacy and security framework is proposed, which includes four facets: a security model, a communication protocol, access permission and privacy preservation. According to the security requirements that are needed in an RFID system, a security model that incorporates security requirements that include privacy of tag data, privacy of ownership, and availability of tag identity is introduced. Using this model, a secure communication protocol that can be used for anti-counterfeiting, automatic identification and privacy preservation is then developed. In order to manage the number of parties, data records of items, and complicated transitions of access permissions in an item-level traceability context, a well-designed access control protocol is proposed to parties that can prove the physical possession of an item;meanwhile, to address the privacy issues during data sharing in an RFID network, a vision of database systems that take responsibility for the privacy of the data they manage is also presented.展开更多
文摘This paper evaluates the performance of Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) based Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) virtual private network (VPN) in a small to medium sized organization. The demand for security in data networks has been increasing owing to the high cyber attacks and potential risks associated with networks spread over distant geographical locations. The MPLS networks ride on the public network backbone that is porous and highly susceptible to attacks and so the need for reliable security mechanisms to be part of the deployment plan. The evaluation criteria concentrated on Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Video conferencing with keen interest in jitter, end to end delivery and general data flow. This study used both structured questionnaire and observation methods. The structured questionnaire was administered to a group of 70 VPN users in a company. This provided the study with precise responses. The observation method was used in data simulations using OPNET Version 14.5 Simulation software. The results show that the IPSec features increase the size of data packets by approximately 9.98% translating into approximately 90.02% effectiveness. The tests showed that the performance metrics are all well within the recommended standards. The IPSec Based MPLS Virtual private network is more stable and secure than one without IPSec.
基金This work was supported by China Nature Science Fund .Serial No.60073059and60273078
文摘Ad-hoc networking has mainly been associated with military battlefield networks. Security has received considerably less attention and the issue needs to be addressed before any successful applications will appear. Due to the insecure nature of the wireless link and their dynamically changing topology, wireless ad-hoc networks require a careful and security-oriented approach for designing routing protocols. In this paper, an AODV-based secure routing protocol- ENAODV is presented. A speed-optimized digital signature algorithm is integrated into the routing protocol. The protocol algorithm is implemented with NS-2. The security of the protocol is analyzed. The simulating results show that the performances of ENAODV protocol, such as average node energy consumption, packet delay and packet delivery is nearly the same as standard AODV protocol.
基金this project under Geran Putra Inisiatif(GPI)with reference of GP-GPI/2023/976210。
文摘Accurate time synchronization is fundamental to the correct and efficient operation of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),especially in security-critical,time-sensitive applications.However,most existing protocols degrade substantially under malicious interference.We introduce iSTSP,an Intelligent and Secure Time Synchronization Protocol that implements a four-stage defense pipeline to ensure robust,precise synchronization even in hostile environments:(1)trust preprocessing that filters node participation using behavioral trust scoring;(2)anomaly isolation employing a lightweight autoencoder to detect and excise malicious nodes in real time;(3)reliability-weighted consensus that prioritizes high-trust nodes during time aggregation;and(4)convergence-optimized synchronization that dynamically adjusts parameters using theoretical stability bounds.We provide rigorous convergence analysis including a closed-form expression for convergence time,and validate the protocol through both simulations and realworld experiments on a controlled 16-node testbed.Under Sybil attacks with five malicious nodes within this testbed,iSTSP maintains synchronization error increases under 12%and achieves a rapid convergence.Compared to state-ofthe-art protocols like TPSN,SE-FTSP,and MMAR-CTS,iSTSP offers 60%faster detection,broader threat coverage,and more than 7 times lower synchronization error,with a modest 9.3%energy overhead over 8 h.We argue this is an acceptable trade-off for mission-critical deployments requiring guaranteed security.These findings demonstrate iSTSP’s potential as a reliable solution for secure WSN synchronization and motivate future work on large-scale IoT deployments and integration with energy-efficient communication protocols.
基金supported by Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No.20060013007National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing under Grant No.4092029National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60873001
文摘In order to transmit the secure messages,a deterministic secure quantum direct communication protocol,called the "Ping-pong"protocol was proposed by Bostrm and Felbinger [Phys.Rev.Lett.89,187902(2002) ].But the protocol was proved to have many vulnerabilities,and can be attacked by eavesdroppers.To overcome the problem,an improved security detection strategy which inserts the | 0〉,| 1〉,|+〉and |-〉particles into the messages as the decoy particles randomly in the"Ping-pong"protocol is presented.During the security analysis,the method of the entropy theory is introduced,and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information which eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced.Because of the presence of the trap particles |+〉and |-〉,the detection rate will be no less than 25% when Eve attacks the communication.The security analysis result shows that the efficiency of eavesdropping detection in the presented protocol is higher than the other two,so the detection strategy in the protocol can ensure that the "Ping-pong"protocol is more secure.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation ofthe Department of Education of Guangdong Province(Z03001)
文摘We present a model based on Computational Temporal Logic(CTL)methods forverifying security requirements of electronic commerce,protocols.The model describes formally theauthentication,confidentiality integrity,non-repudiation denial of serviee and access control ofthe e-lectronic commerce protocols.We illustrate as case study a variant of the Lu-Smolka protocolproposed by Lu-Smolka Moreover,we have discovered two attacks that allow a dishonest user topurchase a good debiting the amountto another user.And also,we compared our work with relativeresearch works and found lhat the formal way of this paper is more general to specify securityprotocols for E-Commerce.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.(62202118.61962009)And in part by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MF086)+1 种基金And in part by Top Technology Talent Project from Guizhou Education Department(Qian jiao ji[2022]073)And in part by Foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security(GCIS202118).
文摘With the development of cloud computing technology,more and more data owners upload their local data to the public cloud server for storage and calculation.While this can save customers’operating costs,it also poses privacy and security challenges.Such challenges can be solved using secure multi-party computation(SMPC),but this still exposes more security issues.In cloud computing using SMPC,clients need to process their data and submit the processed data to the cloud server,which then performs the calculation and returns the results to each client.Each client and server must be honest.If there is cooperation or dishonest behavior between clients,some clients may profit from it or even disclose the private data of other clients.This paper proposes the SMPC based on a Partially-Homomorphic Encryption(PHE)scheme in which an addition homomorphic encryption algorithm with a lower computational cost is used to ensure data comparability and Zero-Knowledge Proof(ZKP)is used to limit the client’s malicious behavior.In addition,the introduction of Oblivious Transfer(OT)technology also ensures that the semi-honest cloud server knows nothing about private data,so that the cloud server of this scheme can calculate the correct data in the case of malicious participant models and safely return the calculation results to each client.Finally,the security analysis shows that the scheme not only ensures the privacy of participants,but also ensures the fairness of the comparison protocol data.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61472048,61402058,61272511,61472046,61202082 and 61370194the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No 4152038the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project under Grant No 2014M561826
文摘To analyze the security of two-step quantum direct communication protocol （QDCP） by using Einstein-Podolsky Rosen pair proposed by Deng et al. [Phys. Rev. A 68 （2003）042317] in collective-rotation noise channel, an excellent model of noise analysis is proposed. In the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and is compared with QDCP, an error rate point Qo（M ： （Q0, 1.0）） is given. In different noise levels, if Eve wants to obtain the same amount of information, the error rate Q is distinguishable. The larger the noise level ~ is, the larger the error rate Q is. When the noise level ~ is lower than 11%, the high error rate is 0.153 without eavesdropping. Lastly, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. It turns out that the quantum channel will be safe when Q 〈 0.153. Similarly, if error rate Q〉 0.153 = Q0, eavesdropping information I 〉 1, which means that there exist eavesdroppers in the quantum channel, and the quantum channel will not be safe anymore.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(6097011561003268)
文摘Lightweight and safety are two essential features for large-scale application of radio frequency identification （RFID） tags. Based on the analysis of potential safety problem of RFID and the characteristics of existing typical authentication protocol, a new low-cost RFID tags authentication protocol was proposed. The performance of the new protocol was analyzed. The results show that the protocol can resist replay attacks and concurrent attacks and has nontracking, authenticity, and service availability. In addition, the protocol can also reduce the storage of tags and computation burden to meet the application requirements of low-cost tags.
基金Supported bythe National Natural Science Foundationof China (60403027)
文摘In this paper, we propose a partially non-cryptographic security routing protocol （PNCSR） that protects both routing and data forwarding operations through the same reactive approach. PNCSR only apply public-key cryptographic system in managing token, but it doesn＇t utilize any cryptographic primitives on the routing messages. In PNCSR, each node is fair. Local neighboring nodes collaboratively monitor each other and sustain each other. It also uses a novel credit strategy which additively increases the token lifetime each time a node renews its token. We also analyze the storage, computation, and communication overhead of PNCSR, and provide a simple yet meaningful overhead comparison. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of PNCSR in various situations.
基金This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract 60902008.
文摘Denial of Service Distributed Denial of Service （DOS） attack, especially （DDoS） attack, is one of the greatest threats to Internet. Much research has been done for it by now, however, it is always concentrated in the behaviors of the network and can not deal with the problem exactly. In this paper, we start from the security of the protocol, then we propose a novel theory for security protocol analysis of Denial of Service in order to deal with the DoS attack. We first introduce the conception of weighted graph to extend the strand space model, then we extend the penetrator model and define the goal of anti-DoS attack through the conception of the DoS-stop protocol, finally we propose two kinds of DoS test model and erect the novel formal theory for security protocol analysis of Denial of Service. Our new formal theory is applied in two example protocols. It is proved that the Internet key exchange （IKE） easily suffers from the DoS attacks, and the efficient DoS- resistant secure key exchange protocol （JFK） is resistant against DoS attack for the server, respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (90104005 ,60473023) the National High Tech-nology Research and Development Programof China (863 Program)(2002AA41051)
文摘Group key exchange protocols are basic protocols to provide privacy and integrity in secure group communication. This paper discusses the security of one type of group key exchange protocols and defines the kind of protocols as broadcaster group protocols. It points out two attacks on this kind of protocols. The first attack can be avoided by using fresh values in each action during one session of the group protocol. The second attack should be related with concrete application. It also proposes a dynamic key agreement protocol as an example of solutions at the last part of the paper.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2013CB338002the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11304397 and 61505261
文摘Semi-device-independent quantum key distribution （SDI-QKD） has been proposed by applying the quantum dimension correlation, and the security relies on the violation of quantum dimension witness inequalities. We prove the security of the SDI-QKD protocol under the depolarization channel by considering the quantum dimension witness inequalities and minimum entropy and the specific process of the QKD protocol, combining with a four- quantum-state preparation and three measurement bases. We also provide the relationship between the dimension witness value, the error rate and the security key rate by the numerical simulation.
文摘Cloud computing becomes an important application development platform for processing user data with high security.Service providers are accustomed to providing storage centers outside the trusted location preferred by the data owner.Thus,ensuring the security and confidentiality of the data while processing in the centralized network is very difficult.The secured key transmission between the sender and the receiver in the network is a huge challenge in managing most of the sensitive data transmission among the cloud network.Intruders are very active over the network like real authenticated user to hack the personal sensitive data,such as bank balance,health data,personal data,and confidential documents over the cloud network.In this research,a secured key agreement between the sender and the receiver using Kerberos authentication protocol with fingerprint is proposed to ensure security in M-Healthcare.Conditions of patients are monitored using wireless sensor devices and are then transferred to the server.Kerberos protocol helps in avoiding unnecessary communication of authenticated data over the cloud network.Biometric security process is a procedure with the best security in most of the authentication field.Trust node is responsible in carrying data packets from the sender to the receiver in the cloud network.The Kerberos protocol is used in trust node to ensure security.Secured communication between the local health center and the healthcare server is ensured by using a fingerprint feature called minutiae form,which refers to the fingerprint image of both sender and receiver.The computational and communicational cost of the proposed system is lesser when compared with other existing authentication methods.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60373087,60473023)
文摘Internet voting protocols is the base of the Internet voting systems. In this paper a new practical Internet voting protocol is introduced. The proposed Internet voting protocol does not apply the strong physical assumptions and has the properties of privacy, completeness, soundness, fairness, invariableness, and universal verifiability, receipt-free and coercion-resistant. At the same time it solves some problems in other internet voting protocols and the verification progress of universal verifiability is simple and efficient.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2020YFB1005500)the Leading-edge Technology Program of Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation (No.BK20202001)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.XJSJ23040)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.2021K596C)。
文摘Electronic auctions(e-auctions)remove the physical limitations of traditional auctions and bring this mechanism to the general public.However,most e-auction schemes involve a trusted auctioneer,which is not always credible in practice.Some studies have applied cryptography tools to solve this problem by distributing trust,but they ignore the existence of collusion.In this paper,a blockchain-based Privacy-Preserving and Collusion-Resistant scheme(PPCR)for double auctions is proposed by employing both cryptography and blockchain technology,which is the first decentralized and collusion-resistant double auction scheme that guarantees bidder anonymity and bid privacy.A two-server-based auction framework is designed to support off-chain allocation with privacy preservation and on-chain dispute resolution for collusion resistance.A Dispute Resolution agreement(DR)is provided to the auctioneer to prove that they have conducted the auction correctly and the result is fair and correct.In addition,a Concise Dispute Resolution protocol(CDR)is designed to handle situations where the number of accused winners is small,significantly reducing the computation cost of dispute resolution.Extensive experimental results confirm that PPCR can indeed achieve efficient collusion resistance and verifiability of auction results with low on-chain and off-chain computational overhead.
基金This research has been supported by the National Science Foundation(under grant#1723596)the National Security Agency(under grant#H98230-17-1-0355).
文摘Pervasive IoT applications enable us to perceive,analyze,control,and optimize the traditional physical systems.Recently,security breaches in many IoT applications have indicated that IoT applications may put the physical systems at risk.Severe resource constraints and insufficient security design are two major causes of many security problems in IoT applications.As an extension of the cloud,the emerging edge computing with rich resources provides us a new venue to design and deploy novel security solutions for IoT applications.Although there are some research efforts in this area,edge-based security designs for IoT applications are still in its infancy.This paper aims to present a comprehensive survey of existing IoT security solutions at the edge layer as well as to inspire more edge-based IoT security designs.We first present an edge-centric IoT architecture.Then,we extensively review the edge-based IoT security research efforts in the context of security architecture designs,firewalls,intrusion detection systems,authentication and authorization protocols,and privacy-preserving mechanisms.Finally,we propose our insight into future research directions and open research issues.
文摘Modem information technology has been utilized progressively to store and distribute a large amount of healthcare data to reduce costs and improve medical facilities.In this context,the emergence of e-Health clouds offers novel opportunities,like easy and remote accessibility of medical data.However,this achievement produces plenty of new risks and challenges like how to provide integrity,security,and confidentiality to the highly susceptible e-Health data.Among these challenges,authentication is a major issue that ensures that the susceptible medical data in clouds is not available to illegal participants.The smart card,password and biometrics are three factors of authentication which fulfill the requirement of giving high security.Numerous three-factor ECC-based authentication protocols on e-Health clouds have been presented so far.However,most of the protocols have serious security flaws and produce high computation and communication overheads.Therefore,we introduce a novel protocol for the e-Health cloud,which thwarts some major attacks,such as user anonymity,offline password guessing,impersonation,and stolen smart card attacks.Moreover,we evaluate our protocol through formal security analysis using the Random Oracle Model(ROM).The analysis shows that our proposed protocol is more efficient than many existing protocols in terms of computation and communication costs.Thus,our proposed protocol is proved to be more efficient,robust and secure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61571303,No.61571004)the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.21ZR1461700)+3 种基金the Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.19YF1455800)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2018ZX03001031)the Fundamental Research Funds for State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries(Grant No.PAL-N201703)the National Key Research and Development Program of China-Internet of Things and Smart City Key Program(No.2019YFB2101600,NO.2019YFB2101602,No.2019YFB2101602-03).
文摘The single planar routing protocol has a slow convergence rate in the large-scale Wireless Sensor Network(WSN).Although the hierarchical routing protocol can effectively cope with large-scale application scenarios,how to elect a secure cluster head and balance the network load becomes an enormous challenge.In this paper,a Trust Management-based and Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol(LEACH-TM)is proposed.In LEACH-TM,by using the number of dynamic decision cluster head nodes,residual energy and density of neighbor nodes,the size of the cluster can be better constrained to improve energy efficiency,and avoid excessive energy consumption of a node.Simultaneously,the trust management scheme is introduced into LEACH-TM to defend against internal attacks.The simulation results show that,compared with LEACH-SWDN protocol and LEACH protocol,LEACH-TM outperforms in prolonging the network lifetime and balancing the energy consumption,and can effectively mitigate the influence of malicious nodes on cluster head selection,which can greatiy guarantee the security of the overall network.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China( No. 60902008)the Key Laboratory Hi-Tech Program of Changzhou City( No. CM20103003)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory Program of Information Network Security of Ministry of Public Security (No. C12602)the Science and Technology Supporting Project of Changzhou City ( No. CE20120030)
文摘The resilient storage outsourcing schemes in mobile cloud computing are analyzed. It is pointed out that the sharing-based scheme （ShS） has vulnerabilities regarding confidentiality and integrity; meanwhile, the coding-based scheme （COS） and the encryption-based scheme （EnS） have vulnerabilities on integrity. The corresponding attacks on these vulnerabilities are given. Then, the improved protocols such as the secure sharing-based protocol （SShP）, the secure coding-based protocol （SCoP） and the secure encryption- based protocol （SEnP）, are proposed to overcome these vulnerabilities. The core elements are protected through public key encryptions and digital signatures. Security analyses show that the confidentiality and the integrity of the improved protocols are guaranteed. Meanwhile, the improved protocols can keep the frame of the former schemes and have higher security. The simulation results illustrate that compared with the existing protocols, the communication overhead of the improved protocols is not significantly increased.
基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Fujian Province (No.X04139)
文摘To address security and privacy issues in radio frequency identification (RFID) traceability networks, a multi-layer privacy and security framework is proposed, which includes four facets: a security model, a communication protocol, access permission and privacy preservation. According to the security requirements that are needed in an RFID system, a security model that incorporates security requirements that include privacy of tag data, privacy of ownership, and availability of tag identity is introduced. Using this model, a secure communication protocol that can be used for anti-counterfeiting, automatic identification and privacy preservation is then developed. In order to manage the number of parties, data records of items, and complicated transitions of access permissions in an item-level traceability context, a well-designed access control protocol is proposed to parties that can prove the physical possession of an item;meanwhile, to address the privacy issues during data sharing in an RFID network, a vision of database systems that take responsibility for the privacy of the data they manage is also presented.
