[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of Siwu Xuanhu decoction on the liver of mice with acute liver injury induced by CCl 4.[Methods]A total of 48 ICR mice were randomly assigned to six groups:a blank con...[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of Siwu Xuanhu decoction on the liver of mice with acute liver injury induced by CCl 4.[Methods]A total of 48 ICR mice were randomly assigned to six groups:a blank control group,a model group,a low dose group of Siwu Xuanhu decoction(100 mg/kg),a medium dose group of Siwu Xuanhu decoction(200 mg/kg),a high dose group of Siwu Xuanhu decoction(300 mg/kg),and a positive control group(silymarin 2 mg/kg).Each group comprised 8 mice.Each dosing group received the designated dose of the drug(10 mL/kg)via continuous gavage,while the blank group and the model group were administered an equivalent volume of normal saline for four weeks,three times per week.An acute liver injury model was established through the intraperitoneal administration of a 20%CCl 4 olive oil solution at a dosage of 2 mL/kg in all experimental groups,with the exception of the control group,which received an equivalent volume of the olive oil solution.After 24 h fasting with water intake,blood samples were collected from the ocular region.The blood samples were allowed to stand and subsequently subjected to centrifugation to isolate the upper layer of serum,and a diagnostic kit was employed to measure the levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and interleukin-6(IL-6),and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the serum.[Results]In comparison to the control group,serum levels of AST and ALT were significantly elevated in the model group.Furthermore,when compared to the model group,treatment with Siwu Xuanhu decoction resulted in a reduction of serum levels of ALT,AST,and IL-6,while simultaneously increasing SOD activities.[Conclusions]Siwu Xuanhu decoction exhibits a protective effect against acute liver injury induced by CCl 4 in mice.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of xanthoxylin on acute lung injury induced by D-Galactosamine(D-GalN)and Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in rats.[Methods]Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into a norma...[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of xanthoxylin on acute lung injury induced by D-Galactosamine(D-GalN)and Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in rats.[Methods]Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a silybin group(50 mg/kg),and three xanthoxylin groups(low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose as 60,120,and 240 mg/kg),10 rats per group.The rats were administered for 17 consecutive days,on day 14,all the rats except for the normal group were intraperitoneally injected with a D-GalN(400 mg/kg)/LPS(30μg/kg)mixture once to establish acute lung injury models.At 72 h after modeling,their serum MCP-1 levels,IL-1β,IL-6,PCT,CRP,TNF-αlevels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αlevels in lung tissue were measured,and lung tissue histological examination were checked by HE staining.[Results]Compared with the model group,the serum MCP-1 levels,IL-1β,IL-6,PCT,CRP,TNF-αlevels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αlevels in lung tissue in xanthoxylin groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and lung tissue injury were alleviated.[Conclusions]Xanthoxylin has protective effects on acute lung injury in rats,and it may be related to the increase of anti-inflammatory capacity and the promotion of lung tissue self-healing.展开更多
Black nickel coatings have emerged as a research hotspot in materials science due to their excellent performance and broad application prospects.In this study,nickel-based black coatings were fabricated on low-carbon ...Black nickel coatings have emerged as a research hotspot in materials science due to their excellent performance and broad application prospects.In this study,nickel-based black coatings were fabricated on low-carbon steel substrates via photo-assisted electrodeposition.A systematic investigation was conducted on the effects of cerium ion concentration and nano-ceria(CeO_(2))particle content in the electrolyte on the coating properties,along with an analysis of the temporal evolution of coating’s corrosion resistance.When the cerium ion concentration in the electrolyte was 0.05 mol/L,the coating exhibited a uniform black appearance with a light absorption rate of 95%,an emissivity of 0.87,maximum impedance,and the lowest corrosion tendency,demonstrating optimal comprehensive performance.The coating prepared with a nano-ceria concentration of 6 g/L in the electrolyte exhibited an emissivity of 0.9,achieved a 5B adhesion grade(ASTM D3359-09),and demonstrated a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in corrosion current density compared to coatings fabricated without nano-ceria in the electrolyte.With prolonged storage time,the coating's impedance slightly increased,leading to improved corrosion resistance.展开更多
By summarizing the pharmacological effects of pomegranate extract and its active components,such as punicalagin,punicalin,gallic acid,ellagic acid,caffeic acid,and chlorogenic acid,it is found that the extract exhibit...By summarizing the pharmacological effects of pomegranate extract and its active components,such as punicalagin,punicalin,gallic acid,ellagic acid,caffeic acid,and chlorogenic acid,it is found that the extract exhibits therapeutic effects on liver injury,viral hepatitis,metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,liver fibrosis,and liver cancer.Emerging evidence suggests that these natural products may alleviate liver diseases through multi-targeted therapeutic mechanisms,including anti-inflammation,anti-oxidative stress,immunoregulation,and anti-steatosis.The underlying mechanisms by which pomegranate exerts hepatoprotective activities may be attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways,including P62/Nrf2,TGF-β1/Smad7,Wnt/β-catenin,MAPK/Nrf2,Nrf2/Keap1,Akt/FOXO3a,MAPK/NF-κB,etc.Consequently,pomegranate can serve as a functional food,nutritional supplement,or adjuvant in the modern treatment of liver diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic therapy in psychiatric patients carries significant cardiovascular risks,including QT interval prolongation,myocardial injury,and functional impairment.Guanxinning,a traditional Chin...BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic therapy in psychiatric patients carries significant cardiovascular risks,including QT interval prolongation,myocardial injury,and functional impairment.Guanxinning,a traditional Chinese medicine formulation,has demonstrated cardioprotective potential in preclinical studies,but clinical evidence in this population remains limited.AIM To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of Guanxinning against antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients.METHODS A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 120 psychiatric inpatients receiving chronic antipsychotic therapy.Participants were allocated to:Intervention group:Conventional antipsychotics+Guanxinning tablets(0.38 g×4 tablets,ter in die);Control group:Conventional antipsychotics+identical placebo;Cardiac assessments at baseline and 12 months included:Electrocardiography(corrected QT interval),echocardiography(left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter),serum biomarkers(cardiac troponin I,B-type natriuretic peptide,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).RESULTS Compared to controls,the Guanxinning group showed:Electrophysiological improvement:Corrected QT shortening(438±25 milliseconds vs 465±30 milliseconds,P<0.01).Functional enhancement:Left ventricular ejection fraction increase(58.5%±5.2%vs 53.8%±4.8%,P<0.05),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter reduction(49.8±3.5 mm vs 52.6±3.8 mm,P<0.05),Biochemical modulation:Reduced myocardial injury markers(cardiac troponin I:0.009 ng/mL vs 0.014 ng/mL;B-type natriuretic peptide:52 pg/mL vs 78 pg/mL,P<0.001),improved oxidative stress(superoxide dismutase:↑13.3 U/mL;malondialdehyde:↓0.9 nmol/mL,P<0.001),attenuated inflammation(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein:2.0 mg/L vs 3.2 mg/L,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Guanxinning significantly mitigates antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in psychiatric patients,demonstrating:Normalization of electrophysiological parameters,Preservation of systolic/diastolic function,suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.These findings support its clinical application as an adjunctive cardioprotective therapy,potentially through inhibition of myocardial apoptosis and antioxidant upregulation.展开更多
Despite numerous research investigations to understand the influences of various structural parameters,to the authors'knowledge,no research has been the effect of different angles of incidence on stab response and...Despite numerous research investigations to understand the influences of various structural parameters,to the authors'knowledge,no research has been the effect of different angles of incidence on stab response and performance of different types of protective textiles.Three distinct structures of 3D woven textiles and 2D plain weave fabric made with similar high-performance fiber and areal density were designed and manufactured to be tested.Two samples,one composed of a single and the other of 4-panel layers,from each fabric type structure,were prepared,and tested against stabbing at[0○],[22.5○],and[45○]angle of incidence.A new stabbing experimental setup that entertained testing of the specimens at various angles of incidence was engineered and utilized.The stabbing bench is also equipped with magnetic sensors and a UK Home Office Scientific Development Branch(HOSDB)/P1/B sharpness engineered knives to measure the impact velocity and exerted impact energy respectively.A silicon compound was utilized to imprint the Back Face Signature(BFS)on the backing material after every specimen test.Each silicon print was then scanned,digitized,and precisely measured to evaluate the stab response and performance of the specimen based on different performance variables,including Depth of Trauma(DOT),Depth of Penetration(DOP),and Length of Penetration(LOP).Besides,the post-impact surface failure modes of the fabrics were also measured using Image software and analyzed at the microscale level.The results show stab angle of incidence greatly influences the stab response and performance of protective textiles.The outcome of the study could provide not only valuable insights into understanding the stab response and capabilities of protective textiles under different angle of incidence,but also provide valuable information for protective textile manufacturer,armor developer and stab testing and standardizing organizations to consider the angle of incidence while developing,testing,optimizing,and using protective textiles in various applications.展开更多
Beam-tracking simulations have been extensively utilized in the study of collective beam instabilities in circular accelerators.Traditionally,many simulation codes have relied on central processing unit(CPU)-based met...Beam-tracking simulations have been extensively utilized in the study of collective beam instabilities in circular accelerators.Traditionally,many simulation codes have relied on central processing unit(CPU)-based methods,tracking on a single CPU core,or parallelizing the computation across multiple cores via the message passing interface(MPI).Although these approaches work well for single-bunch tracking,scaling them to multiple bunches significantly increases the computational load,which often necessitates the use of a dedicated multi-CPU cluster.To address this challenge,alternative methods leveraging General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units(GPGPU)have been proposed,enabling tracking studies on a standalone desktop personal computer(PC).However,frequent CPU-GPU interactions,including data transfers and synchronization operations during tracking,can introduce communication overheads,potentially reducing the overall effectiveness of GPU-based computations.In this study,we propose a novel approach that eliminates this overhead by performing the entire tracking simulation process exclusively on the GPU,thereby enabling the simultaneous processing of all bunches and their macro-particles.Specifically,we introduce MBTRACK2-CUDA,a Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)ported version of MBTRACK2,which facilitates efficient tracking of single-and multi-bunch collective effects by leveraging the full GPU-resident computation.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based ...[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based on the demonstration construction project of the ecological ditch-constructed wetland system in the Hetao Irrigation District,an experimental study was conducted from July to September 2023 to investigate the interception and purification effects of ecological ditches,constructed wetlands,and the combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system on farmland drainage pollutants.Key water quality parameters measured included total nitrogen(TN)concentration and total phosphorus(TP)concentration.[Results]Different treatment modes of ecological ditches and constructed wetlands have a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water bodies.The ecological ditches treated with Astragalus laxmannii,Melilotus officinalis,Medicago sativa,bio-ball substrate,and bio-sheet substrate showed reduction efficiencies for TN and TP of 21.09% and 23.84%,12.06% and 26.67%,20.08% and 34.15%,23.65% and 20.56%,and 19.92% and 25.83%,respectively.The emergent plant area showed reduction efficiencies of 24.28%for TN and 17.89%for TP,while the submerged plant area achieved a reduction efficiency of 10.21%for both TN and TP.Among the different treatment modes,the ecological ditch with M.sativa performed better in TP removal,whereas the bio-ball substrate treatment mode showed higher effectiveness in TN removal.In addition,the emergent plant area exhibited better TP removal performance,while the submerged plant area was more effective in TN removal.The combined system of ecological ditch and constructed wetland achieved removal rates of 37.55% for TN and 11.47% for TP.It effectively facilitates the step-by-step interception and adsorption purification of pollutants,thereby showing significant removal and purification effects on nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants.This contributes to mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution.[Conclusions]The combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system serves dual functions of agricultural drainage and pollutant interception and purification.It reduces the pollution load of farmland drainage on receiving water bodies to some extent and mitigates agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore,it is a relatively suitable technology for managing agricultural non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract.The global incidence and prevalence of IBD continu...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract.The global incidence and prevalence of IBD continue to increase.While multiple clinical treatments exist,conventional therapies frequently present limitations and adverse effects.Natural polysaccharides(PSs)have emerged as a significant focus of research interest due to their therapeutic potential and applications in functional foods and health products.This review synthesizes current understanding of IBD pathophysiology and the mechanisms by which natural PSs counter IBD,including their capacity to restore immune homeostasis and intestinal barrier function,modulate gut microbiota and metabolites,reduce oxidative stress,and address irregularities in autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS).The review examines the structure-activity relationships of PSs demonstrating anti-IBD effects and identifies promising therapeutic products.The discussion encompasses pharmacokinetics,safety evaluations,and clinical applications of these compounds.This comprehensive review establishes a theoretical foundation for developing natural PS-based therapeutic approaches for IBD management.展开更多
This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinic...This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.展开更多
In winter 2018,an aerosol physicochemical experiment was conducted in the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO)aboard the Research Vessel KEXUE of Chinese Academy of Sciences.This study systematically investigated both natural a...In winter 2018,an aerosol physicochemical experiment was conducted in the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO)aboard the Research Vessel KEXUE of Chinese Academy of Sciences.This study systematically investigated both natural and anthropogenic effects on marine aerosols optical properties,as well as the applicability of multi-satellite products and IMPROVE equation.The averaged aerosol optical depth(AOD500 nm)was 0.31±0.16 andÅngström exponent440–675 nm was 0.29±0.30.In offshore China,significant anthropogenic emissions affected the marine environment.In remote WPO,dust aerosols transported from northern China,Siberia,Central Asia,and those settling from the upper troposphere originating from north Africa,Arabian peninsula,and western India,were dominant.The spatial trends of AOD were opposite in the mid-latitude and southern seas of WPO.The highest AOD,0.32±0.23,appeared along the coast of South Asia at mid-latitude,decreasing from offshore seas to remote oceans.In low-latitude and equatorial seas,AOD significantly increased from coast to remote oceans.Ångström exponent dropped significantly from the coast to remote oceans as anthropogenic influence diminished across the entire WPO.Correlation analysis showed that both MODIS-C6 and Himawari AOD prod-ucts showed similar applicability in coastal urban areas,while Himawari AOD is highly recommended for coastal background and marine environment due to its finer resolution.The extinction coefficient derived from PM_(2.5) chemical compositions using IMPROVE algorithm exhibited a significant correlation(R^(2)=0.58)with the con-currently measured AOD in the absence of long-distance transport,suggesting that the IMPROVE is a reasonable proxy of the columnar average of marine aerosol extinctions free from transport influences.展开更多
Transforming urban spatial structures to promote green and low-carbon development is an effective strategy.Although prior studies have examined the impact of urban polycentricity on carbon emissions and economic devel...Transforming urban spatial structures to promote green and low-carbon development is an effective strategy.Although prior studies have examined the impact of urban polycentricity on carbon emissions and economic development,research on its role in the synergistic relationship between these factors regarding carbon emission efficiency is limited.Furthermore,existing literature often overlooks nonlinear effects and interactions with other urban variables.This paper analyzed data from 295 Chinese cities in 2020,calculating urban population polycentricity,population dispersion indices,and carbon emission efficiency.Utilizing local spatial autocorrelation tools,we reveal interactions among urban population polycentricity,dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.We then employ a gradient boosting decision tree model(GBDT)to explore nonlinear and synergistic effects of polycentric urbanization.Key findings include:1)polycentric urbanization in Chinese cities exhibits significant spatial differentiation characteristics.The Polycentricity index is relatively high in economically developed eastern coastal regions with an overall low level,carbon emissions are concentrated in industrialized north-central cities and some Yangtze River Delta hubs,and carbon emission efficiency is the highest in the Yangtze River Delta while relatively low in Northeast China;there are significant spatially heterogeneous interaction characteristics among population polycentricity,population dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.2)Urban population polycentricity contributes 9.42%to total carbon emissions and 6.24%to carbon emission efficiency.3)The polycentricity index has a nonlinear impact on carbon emissions and carbon emission efficiency:no significant effect when below 0.50 or above 0.55,increased carbon emissions in 0.50-0.53,and reduced carbon emissions with improved efficiency in 0.53-0.55.4)The polycentricity index has an interaction effect with other variables;specifically,when the polycentricity index is between 0.53 and 0.55,its interaction with urban gross domestic product(GDP),urban population,urban built-up area,green coverage rate in built-up areas,urban technological expenditure,and the proportion of the output value of the secondary industry will reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon emission efficiency.These findings enhance the understanding of urban spatial structures and carbon emissions,providing valuable insights for policymakers in developing green and low-carbon strategies.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have been regarded as one of the most promising alternatives in the post-lithium battery era due to their high energy density,which meets the needs of light-weight electronic devices and l...Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have been regarded as one of the most promising alternatives in the post-lithium battery era due to their high energy density,which meets the needs of light-weight electronic devices and long-range electric vehicles.However,technical barriers such as dendrite growth and poor Li plating/stripping reversibility severely hinder the practical application of LMBs.However,lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))is found to be able to stabilize the Li/electrolyte interface and has been used to address the above challenges.To date,considerable research efforts have been devoted toward understanding the roles of LiNO_(3) in regulating the surface properties of Li anodes and toward the development of many effective strategies.These research efforts are partially mentioned in some articles on LMBs and yet have not been reviewed systematically.To fill this gap,we discuss the recent advances in fundamental and technological research on LiNO_(3) and its derivatives for improving the performances of LMBs,particularly for Li-sulfur(S),Li-oxygen(O),and Li-Li-containing transition-metal oxide(LTMO)batteries,as well as LiNO_(3)-containing recipes for precursors in battery materials and interphase fabrication.This review pays attention to the effects of LiNO_(3) in lithium-based batteries,aiming to provide scientific guidance for the optimization of electrode/electrolyte interfaces and enrich the design of advanced LMBs.展开更多
Nanotechnology is transforming the textile industry by embedding UV-blocking and antimicrobial agents into fabric fibres at the molecular level. This study explores the development of biocomposites and nanocomposite m...Nanotechnology is transforming the textile industry by embedding UV-blocking and antimicrobial agents into fabric fibres at the molecular level. This study explores the development of biocomposites and nanocomposite materials for UV protection and microbial resistance in clothing. Nanoscale UV-blocking agents enhance the protection of textiles against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Recent studies on composites such as ZnO/carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylonitrile with UV absorbers and TiO2 nanoparticles, and lignin-TiO composites have shown significant improvements in UV protection and some antibacterial activity. Techniques such as electrospinning, hydrothermal synthesis, and natural fibre welding were used to create these composites, focusing on ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles for dual functionality. Research on nanoscale UV-blocking agents could revolutionise sun protection in clothing and offer better safety against ultraviolet radiation. Multifunctional composites with UV-blocking and antibacterial properties could advance the use of protective clothing in various industries and outdoor activities. Emphasising natural fibres and sustainable materials aligns with the global trend towards eco-friendly solutions, leading to more environmentally friendly products. This literature review aims to comprehensively review and analyze current research on UV protective knit fabrics using nanotechnology, nanocomposites, and biocomposites. It seeks to identify research gaps, evaluate different approaches, and provide insights for future developments in this field.展开更多
Under the background of‘the Belt and Road’and‘China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor’initiatives,this paper studied the urban accessibility level,regional accessibility pattern and regional spatial effects along ...Under the background of‘the Belt and Road’and‘China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor’initiatives,this paper studied the urban accessibility level,regional accessibility pattern and regional spatial effects along the Primorsky No.1 and No.2 transportation corridors.First,the evaluation of urban accessibility level with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 high-speed rails(HSRs)opening was conducted with two indicators,i.e.,the weighted average travel time,and the economic potential.After the evaluation,the spatial differentiation pattern of the accessibility changes with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening was performed respectively using ArcGIS.On these bases,the regional spatial effects brought by Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening were studied.The results are as following.First,the urban accessibility level will be greatly improved by the opening of Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs.All adjacent cities will be integrated into‘1 h HSR communication circle’and the whole journey will be integrated into‘4 h HSR communication circle’along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,respectively.The HSR accessibility of Primorsky No.1 corridor is stronger than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.But the HSR accessibility improvement degree of Primorsky No.1 corridor is weaker than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.Second,spatially,along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,the HSR accessibility level of the cities which are located in China is stronger than those cities located in Russia,showing the‘High West,Low East’patterns.The HSR accessibility improvement degree of the cities which are located in Russia and Sino-Russian border is stronger than those cities located in China,showing the‘High East,Low West’patterns.Third,Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the China’s‘Heilongjiang Land Sea Silk Road Economic Belt’and‘Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Development Pilot Zone’respectively,gradually involving into the development of China’s Harbin-Changchun Megalopolis.Relying on Harbin(China)and Changchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could connect Northeast China-Beijing HSR,accelerating the diffusion of population,economy and other flows from China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration to Northeast China,and then to Russia’s Far East Federal District.Relying on Suifenhe(China)and Hunchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could be conducive to the development of the second largest sea channels for Northeast China,creating the Northeast Asian Urban Belt,and new sea-rail intermodal pattern among China,Russia,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,Japan and Republic of Korea.Relying on Vladivostok(Russia)and Zarubino(Russia),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the‘Ice Silk Road’,building the‘Sino-Russian Northern Maritime Corridor’and‘Sino-Russian Arctic Blue Economic Areas’.展开更多
The leaves of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic poplar (Populus nigra L.) and CpTI (Cowpea trypsin inhibitor) transgenic poplar ((P. tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. Tomentosa) were taken to feed the 4th-5th-i...The leaves of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic poplar (Populus nigra L.) and CpTI (Cowpea trypsin inhibitor) transgenic poplar ((P. tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. Tomentosa) were taken to feed the 4th-5th-instar larvae of American white moth (Hyphantria cunea (Drury)) for determination of the activities of the protective enzyme system inside larvae’s body. The physiological and biochemical effects of the transgenic poplars on the larvae were studied. The results showed that the two kinds of transgenic poplars had similar effects on the protective enzyme system in the midgut of larvae. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in midgut of the larvae increased gradually, reached the highest value at a certain time, and then decreased suddenly. For the larvae that were fed with the leaves of Bt transgenic poplar, the peak value of superoxide dismutase and catalase presented at the time of 24-h feeding, while the peak of peroxidase took place at the time of 12-h feeding. The activities of these protective enzymes for the larvae that were fed with leaves of CpTI transgenic poplar peaked 12 h later than that of those fed with leaves of Bt transgenic poplar. The comparison of activities of the protective enzymes was also carried out between the larvae with different levels of intoxication. It was found that the activities of protective enzyme of the seriously intoxicant larvae were higher than that of the lightly intoxicant larvae. This difference was more obvious in the group treated with CpTI transgenic poplar.展开更多
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction （HLJDD） has been widely used for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） in clinic. However, the relationship between its chemical profile and neuroprotective bioactivity was not cle...Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction （HLJDD） has been widely used for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） in clinic. However, the relationship between its chemical profile and neuroprotective bioactivity was not clearly clarified yet. In present study, the water extract of HLJDD and subsequent three polarity fractions divided by different reagents were investigated. A total of 17 chromatographic peaks were confirmed by comparison with standards and their UV, MS spectra. Among them, 11 major compounds were determined by HPLC-DAD method with good linear regression relationship （r2, 0.9994-0.9999）, precisions （inter-day precision RSD, 0.79%-1.07%; intra-day precision RSD, 1.59%-2.10%）, repeatability （RSD, 1.66%-3.67%）, stability （RSD, 1.26%-4.77%） and recovery （95.24%-105.41%, RSD, 0.29%-2.69%）. Furthermore, PC12 cells and primary neurons cells were used for the neuroprotective effective assessment of aforementioned four samples from HLJDD. 3＂he total aqueous extract and n-butanol extract of HLJDD presented more significant effects than the other two parts. According to their quality and quantity determination results, iridoids and alkaloids have a positive correlation with the neuroprotective effectiveness of HLJDD.展开更多
Aim The enhanced effect of Bushen (Kidney-tonifying) decoction (BS) oncultured PC12 cell proliferation and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicity induced by glutamatewere investigated by serum pharmacological method...Aim The enhanced effect of Bushen (Kidney-tonifying) decoction (BS) oncultured PC12 cell proliferation and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicity induced by glutamatewere investigated by serum pharmacological method of the Chinese material medica (CMM) in vitro.Methods The effect of BS on cultured PC12 cell activity and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicityinduced by glutamate was observed by MTT method. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopetechniques were employed to observe the antagonistic effect of BS on early period apoptosis of PC12cells induced by glutamate. Results The serum with BS was able to enhance activity of PC12 cells andexert antagonistic effect on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Meanwhile, these beneficial effectsproduced by BS were found to be the strongest in 20% concentration of in serum BS. Moreover, it caninhibit apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by glutamate , which occurs in the early period. ConclusionBS may exert a potential neuroprotective effect.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore physiological mechanism effects in growth promotion by ethametsulfuron of lower concentration through research on content variations of protective enzymes and endogenous hormones by ...[Objective] The aim was to explore physiological mechanism effects in growth promotion by ethametsulfuron of lower concentration through research on content variations of protective enzymes and endogenous hormones by ethametsulfuron of low concentration. [Method] Rice of different leaf ages were treated in ethametsulfuron of two concentrations through soil culture. Leaves of rice were col- lected after 15 d. POD activity, PPO activity, and contents of GA, ZR, and ABA were measured by guaiacol-hydrogen peroxide method, catechol method, and ELISA method, respectively. [Result] After treatment by ethametsulfuron at 2 μg/kg, activity of PPO was greatly enhanced, of POD was a little lower than that of control group; contents of GA and ZR increased a lot and of ABA decreased much; GA/ABA val- ues were higher than that of control group. In contrast, with treatment of ethamet- sulfuron at 20 μg/kg, activity of POD was greatly increased, of PPO was a little low- er than that of control group; contents of GA, ZR increased a lot and of ABA was greatly decreased; ratio of GA and ABA was smaller than that of control group. Among treated leaves during the period when the seventh leaf grew, three hormones contents were so close to that of control group. [Conclusion] If rice was tested with ethametsulfuron of 2 μg/kg, value of GA/ABA in leaves was higher than that of con- trol group, for which rice growth would be promoted. When the concentration was 20 μg/kg, ratio of GA and ABA was smaller than that of control group, for which, rice growth would be inhibited, and during the seventh leaf growing, ethametsul- furon＇s effect on rice growth was weaker than that of term before the fourth one growing.展开更多
[Objective] Mononychellus tanajoa is a mite speices recently invaded into China in 2008. Temperature is one of the most important ecological factors affecting the growth and reproduction of M. tanajoa. The objective o...[Objective] Mononychellus tanajoa is a mite speices recently invaded into China in 2008. Temperature is one of the most important ecological factors affecting the growth and reproduction of M. tanajoa. The objective of the current study was to reveal the effects of high temperature incubation on the activities of some protective enzymes in M. tanajoa at different growth stages. The results would contribute to the understanding of the adaptable distribution of M. tanajoa after its invasion into China, the mechanisms in its invasion, diffusion and ecological adaptation, and the monitor- ing, early warning and effective prevention of its damage. [Method] Six protective enzymes, Le. polyphenol oxidase （PPO）, peroxidase （POD）, ascorbate oxidase （AsA- POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and esterase （EST）, were cho- sen to study their activities after the mites at different growth stages were incubated at a extremely high temperature of 42 ~C for a certain period of time up to 24 h. The activities were measured by spectrophotometric endpoint assay method. [Results] Enzyme activities in M. tanajoa were affected by the high temperature incubation. However, differences in enzyme activity changes were found among different protec- tive enzymes and among different growth stages of M. tanajoa. Activities of PPO, POD, AsA-POD and CAT were significantly increased in the larval mites and female adult mites of M. tanajoa. CAT activity was significantly decreased in protonymph and deutonymph of M. tanajoa. Activities of PPO, POD and AsA-POD in protonymph and deutonymph showed no obvious difference from the control. [Conclusion] The activity changes of some protective enzymes in M. tanajoa following high-temperature treatment are part of its anti-stress reaction mechanism. In mite protonymph and deutonymph, activities of PPO, POD and AsA-POD are similar to the untreated con- trol which may be associated with the thermostability of M. tanajoa. It is concluded that, the long-time stress of extreme temperature may result in the increase of the thermostability of mite individuals, the enhancement of the population thermal stability and subsequently lead to rapid expansion of the population.展开更多
基金Supported by Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(S202310599089)Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Guangxi Universities on National Medicine in Youjiang River Basin(yykf2024-04).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of Siwu Xuanhu decoction on the liver of mice with acute liver injury induced by CCl 4.[Methods]A total of 48 ICR mice were randomly assigned to six groups:a blank control group,a model group,a low dose group of Siwu Xuanhu decoction(100 mg/kg),a medium dose group of Siwu Xuanhu decoction(200 mg/kg),a high dose group of Siwu Xuanhu decoction(300 mg/kg),and a positive control group(silymarin 2 mg/kg).Each group comprised 8 mice.Each dosing group received the designated dose of the drug(10 mL/kg)via continuous gavage,while the blank group and the model group were administered an equivalent volume of normal saline for four weeks,three times per week.An acute liver injury model was established through the intraperitoneal administration of a 20%CCl 4 olive oil solution at a dosage of 2 mL/kg in all experimental groups,with the exception of the control group,which received an equivalent volume of the olive oil solution.After 24 h fasting with water intake,blood samples were collected from the ocular region.The blood samples were allowed to stand and subsequently subjected to centrifugation to isolate the upper layer of serum,and a diagnostic kit was employed to measure the levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and interleukin-6(IL-6),and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the serum.[Results]In comparison to the control group,serum levels of AST and ALT were significantly elevated in the model group.Furthermore,when compared to the model group,treatment with Siwu Xuanhu decoction resulted in a reduction of serum levels of ALT,AST,and IL-6,while simultaneously increasing SOD activities.[Conclusions]Siwu Xuanhu decoction exhibits a protective effect against acute liver injury induced by CCl 4 in mice.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Start-up Fund for Introduced PhD.Talents of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,2023(2023BS024)Basic Research Ability Enhancement Project for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Guangxi Universities(2022KY0286)+2 种基金Guangxi Key Research and Development Program(Guike AB21196016)Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project(Guike AD21238031)Guangxi Key Discipline of Zhuang Medicine in Chinese Medicine(GZXK-Z-20-64).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the protective effects of xanthoxylin on acute lung injury induced by D-Galactosamine(D-GalN)and Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in rats.[Methods]Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a silybin group(50 mg/kg),and three xanthoxylin groups(low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose as 60,120,and 240 mg/kg),10 rats per group.The rats were administered for 17 consecutive days,on day 14,all the rats except for the normal group were intraperitoneally injected with a D-GalN(400 mg/kg)/LPS(30μg/kg)mixture once to establish acute lung injury models.At 72 h after modeling,their serum MCP-1 levels,IL-1β,IL-6,PCT,CRP,TNF-αlevels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αlevels in lung tissue were measured,and lung tissue histological examination were checked by HE staining.[Results]Compared with the model group,the serum MCP-1 levels,IL-1β,IL-6,PCT,CRP,TNF-αlevels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αlevels in lung tissue in xanthoxylin groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and lung tissue injury were alleviated.[Conclusions]Xanthoxylin has protective effects on acute lung injury in rats,and it may be related to the increase of anti-inflammatory capacity and the promotion of lung tissue self-healing.
文摘Black nickel coatings have emerged as a research hotspot in materials science due to their excellent performance and broad application prospects.In this study,nickel-based black coatings were fabricated on low-carbon steel substrates via photo-assisted electrodeposition.A systematic investigation was conducted on the effects of cerium ion concentration and nano-ceria(CeO_(2))particle content in the electrolyte on the coating properties,along with an analysis of the temporal evolution of coating’s corrosion resistance.When the cerium ion concentration in the electrolyte was 0.05 mol/L,the coating exhibited a uniform black appearance with a light absorption rate of 95%,an emissivity of 0.87,maximum impedance,and the lowest corrosion tendency,demonstrating optimal comprehensive performance.The coating prepared with a nano-ceria concentration of 6 g/L in the electrolyte exhibited an emissivity of 0.9,achieved a 5B adhesion grade(ASTM D3359-09),and demonstrated a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in corrosion current density compared to coatings fabricated without nano-ceria in the electrolyte.With prolonged storage time,the coating's impedance slightly increased,leading to improved corrosion resistance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81573563)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research in Southwest Minzu University(2024CXTD16)the Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Team Project(2023ZD05).
文摘By summarizing the pharmacological effects of pomegranate extract and its active components,such as punicalagin,punicalin,gallic acid,ellagic acid,caffeic acid,and chlorogenic acid,it is found that the extract exhibits therapeutic effects on liver injury,viral hepatitis,metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,liver fibrosis,and liver cancer.Emerging evidence suggests that these natural products may alleviate liver diseases through multi-targeted therapeutic mechanisms,including anti-inflammation,anti-oxidative stress,immunoregulation,and anti-steatosis.The underlying mechanisms by which pomegranate exerts hepatoprotective activities may be attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways,including P62/Nrf2,TGF-β1/Smad7,Wnt/β-catenin,MAPK/Nrf2,Nrf2/Keap1,Akt/FOXO3a,MAPK/NF-κB,etc.Consequently,pomegranate can serve as a functional food,nutritional supplement,or adjuvant in the modern treatment of liver diseases.
基金Supported by the Special Project for Supporting the Development of Biomedicine and Health Industry in Hangzhou City,No.2022WJC123Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2022ZA143.
文摘BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic therapy in psychiatric patients carries significant cardiovascular risks,including QT interval prolongation,myocardial injury,and functional impairment.Guanxinning,a traditional Chinese medicine formulation,has demonstrated cardioprotective potential in preclinical studies,but clinical evidence in this population remains limited.AIM To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of Guanxinning against antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients.METHODS A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 120 psychiatric inpatients receiving chronic antipsychotic therapy.Participants were allocated to:Intervention group:Conventional antipsychotics+Guanxinning tablets(0.38 g×4 tablets,ter in die);Control group:Conventional antipsychotics+identical placebo;Cardiac assessments at baseline and 12 months included:Electrocardiography(corrected QT interval),echocardiography(left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter),serum biomarkers(cardiac troponin I,B-type natriuretic peptide,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).RESULTS Compared to controls,the Guanxinning group showed:Electrophysiological improvement:Corrected QT shortening(438±25 milliseconds vs 465±30 milliseconds,P<0.01).Functional enhancement:Left ventricular ejection fraction increase(58.5%±5.2%vs 53.8%±4.8%,P<0.05),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter reduction(49.8±3.5 mm vs 52.6±3.8 mm,P<0.05),Biochemical modulation:Reduced myocardial injury markers(cardiac troponin I:0.009 ng/mL vs 0.014 ng/mL;B-type natriuretic peptide:52 pg/mL vs 78 pg/mL,P<0.001),improved oxidative stress(superoxide dismutase:↑13.3 U/mL;malondialdehyde:↓0.9 nmol/mL,P<0.001),attenuated inflammation(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein:2.0 mg/L vs 3.2 mg/L,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Guanxinning significantly mitigates antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in psychiatric patients,demonstrating:Normalization of electrophysiological parameters,Preservation of systolic/diastolic function,suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.These findings support its clinical application as an adjunctive cardioprotective therapy,potentially through inhibition of myocardial apoptosis and antioxidant upregulation.
文摘Despite numerous research investigations to understand the influences of various structural parameters,to the authors'knowledge,no research has been the effect of different angles of incidence on stab response and performance of different types of protective textiles.Three distinct structures of 3D woven textiles and 2D plain weave fabric made with similar high-performance fiber and areal density were designed and manufactured to be tested.Two samples,one composed of a single and the other of 4-panel layers,from each fabric type structure,were prepared,and tested against stabbing at[0○],[22.5○],and[45○]angle of incidence.A new stabbing experimental setup that entertained testing of the specimens at various angles of incidence was engineered and utilized.The stabbing bench is also equipped with magnetic sensors and a UK Home Office Scientific Development Branch(HOSDB)/P1/B sharpness engineered knives to measure the impact velocity and exerted impact energy respectively.A silicon compound was utilized to imprint the Back Face Signature(BFS)on the backing material after every specimen test.Each silicon print was then scanned,digitized,and precisely measured to evaluate the stab response and performance of the specimen based on different performance variables,including Depth of Trauma(DOT),Depth of Penetration(DOP),and Length of Penetration(LOP).Besides,the post-impact surface failure modes of the fabrics were also measured using Image software and analyzed at the microscale level.The results show stab angle of incidence greatly influences the stab response and performance of protective textiles.The outcome of the study could provide not only valuable insights into understanding the stab response and capabilities of protective textiles under different angle of incidence,but also provide valuable information for protective textile manufacturer,armor developer and stab testing and standardizing organizations to consider the angle of incidence while developing,testing,optimizing,and using protective textiles in various applications.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(No.RS-2022-00143178)the Ministry of Education(MOE)(Nos.2022R1A6A3A13053896 and 2022R1F1A1074616),Republic of Korea.
文摘Beam-tracking simulations have been extensively utilized in the study of collective beam instabilities in circular accelerators.Traditionally,many simulation codes have relied on central processing unit(CPU)-based methods,tracking on a single CPU core,or parallelizing the computation across multiple cores via the message passing interface(MPI).Although these approaches work well for single-bunch tracking,scaling them to multiple bunches significantly increases the computational load,which often necessitates the use of a dedicated multi-CPU cluster.To address this challenge,alternative methods leveraging General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units(GPGPU)have been proposed,enabling tracking studies on a standalone desktop personal computer(PC).However,frequent CPU-GPU interactions,including data transfers and synchronization operations during tracking,can introduce communication overheads,potentially reducing the overall effectiveness of GPU-based computations.In this study,we propose a novel approach that eliminates this overhead by performing the entire tracking simulation process exclusively on the GPU,thereby enabling the simultaneous processing of all bunches and their macro-particles.Specifically,we introduce MBTRACK2-CUDA,a Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)ported version of MBTRACK2,which facilitates efficient tracking of single-and multi-bunch collective effects by leveraging the full GPU-resident computation.
基金Supported by Special Fund Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021CG0013)Bayannur City Science and Technology Plan Project(K202014)+1 种基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Plan Project(2022YFHH0088)Research Special Project of the Education Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(STAQZX202320).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based on the demonstration construction project of the ecological ditch-constructed wetland system in the Hetao Irrigation District,an experimental study was conducted from July to September 2023 to investigate the interception and purification effects of ecological ditches,constructed wetlands,and the combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system on farmland drainage pollutants.Key water quality parameters measured included total nitrogen(TN)concentration and total phosphorus(TP)concentration.[Results]Different treatment modes of ecological ditches and constructed wetlands have a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water bodies.The ecological ditches treated with Astragalus laxmannii,Melilotus officinalis,Medicago sativa,bio-ball substrate,and bio-sheet substrate showed reduction efficiencies for TN and TP of 21.09% and 23.84%,12.06% and 26.67%,20.08% and 34.15%,23.65% and 20.56%,and 19.92% and 25.83%,respectively.The emergent plant area showed reduction efficiencies of 24.28%for TN and 17.89%for TP,while the submerged plant area achieved a reduction efficiency of 10.21%for both TN and TP.Among the different treatment modes,the ecological ditch with M.sativa performed better in TP removal,whereas the bio-ball substrate treatment mode showed higher effectiveness in TN removal.In addition,the emergent plant area exhibited better TP removal performance,while the submerged plant area was more effective in TN removal.The combined system of ecological ditch and constructed wetland achieved removal rates of 37.55% for TN and 11.47% for TP.It effectively facilitates the step-by-step interception and adsorption purification of pollutants,thereby showing significant removal and purification effects on nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants.This contributes to mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution.[Conclusions]The combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system serves dual functions of agricultural drainage and pollutant interception and purification.It reduces the pollution load of farmland drainage on receiving water bodies to some extent and mitigates agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore,it is a relatively suitable technology for managing agricultural non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82003977,82274134 and 82274139)the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2017YFC1702200)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2020C04020)the Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2025C02183).
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract.The global incidence and prevalence of IBD continue to increase.While multiple clinical treatments exist,conventional therapies frequently present limitations and adverse effects.Natural polysaccharides(PSs)have emerged as a significant focus of research interest due to their therapeutic potential and applications in functional foods and health products.This review synthesizes current understanding of IBD pathophysiology and the mechanisms by which natural PSs counter IBD,including their capacity to restore immune homeostasis and intestinal barrier function,modulate gut microbiota and metabolites,reduce oxidative stress,and address irregularities in autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS).The review examines the structure-activity relationships of PSs demonstrating anti-IBD effects and identifies promising therapeutic products.The discussion encompasses pharmacokinetics,safety evaluations,and clinical applications of these compounds.This comprehensive review establishes a theoretical foundation for developing natural PS-based therapeutic approaches for IBD management.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374346)Double Hundred Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Medical and Health Talents of Wuxi City(BJ2023071)Scientific Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(Q202358).
文摘This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
基金supported by the CAS Strategic Priority Research Program(No.XDB0760102),the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2022YFF0802501)the Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Maintenance and Transformation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan-Phospherus Project(No.23YF1426200)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFE0212200).
文摘In winter 2018,an aerosol physicochemical experiment was conducted in the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO)aboard the Research Vessel KEXUE of Chinese Academy of Sciences.This study systematically investigated both natural and anthropogenic effects on marine aerosols optical properties,as well as the applicability of multi-satellite products and IMPROVE equation.The averaged aerosol optical depth(AOD500 nm)was 0.31±0.16 andÅngström exponent440–675 nm was 0.29±0.30.In offshore China,significant anthropogenic emissions affected the marine environment.In remote WPO,dust aerosols transported from northern China,Siberia,Central Asia,and those settling from the upper troposphere originating from north Africa,Arabian peninsula,and western India,were dominant.The spatial trends of AOD were opposite in the mid-latitude and southern seas of WPO.The highest AOD,0.32±0.23,appeared along the coast of South Asia at mid-latitude,decreasing from offshore seas to remote oceans.In low-latitude and equatorial seas,AOD significantly increased from coast to remote oceans.Ångström exponent dropped significantly from the coast to remote oceans as anthropogenic influence diminished across the entire WPO.Correlation analysis showed that both MODIS-C6 and Himawari AOD prod-ucts showed similar applicability in coastal urban areas,while Himawari AOD is highly recommended for coastal background and marine environment due to its finer resolution.The extinction coefficient derived from PM_(2.5) chemical compositions using IMPROVE algorithm exhibited a significant correlation(R^(2)=0.58)with the con-currently measured AOD in the absence of long-distance transport,suggesting that the IMPROVE is a reasonable proxy of the columnar average of marine aerosol extinctions free from transport influences.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42571300)。
文摘Transforming urban spatial structures to promote green and low-carbon development is an effective strategy.Although prior studies have examined the impact of urban polycentricity on carbon emissions and economic development,research on its role in the synergistic relationship between these factors regarding carbon emission efficiency is limited.Furthermore,existing literature often overlooks nonlinear effects and interactions with other urban variables.This paper analyzed data from 295 Chinese cities in 2020,calculating urban population polycentricity,population dispersion indices,and carbon emission efficiency.Utilizing local spatial autocorrelation tools,we reveal interactions among urban population polycentricity,dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.We then employ a gradient boosting decision tree model(GBDT)to explore nonlinear and synergistic effects of polycentric urbanization.Key findings include:1)polycentric urbanization in Chinese cities exhibits significant spatial differentiation characteristics.The Polycentricity index is relatively high in economically developed eastern coastal regions with an overall low level,carbon emissions are concentrated in industrialized north-central cities and some Yangtze River Delta hubs,and carbon emission efficiency is the highest in the Yangtze River Delta while relatively low in Northeast China;there are significant spatially heterogeneous interaction characteristics among population polycentricity,population dispersion,carbon emissions,and carbon emission efficiency.2)Urban population polycentricity contributes 9.42%to total carbon emissions and 6.24%to carbon emission efficiency.3)The polycentricity index has a nonlinear impact on carbon emissions and carbon emission efficiency:no significant effect when below 0.50 or above 0.55,increased carbon emissions in 0.50-0.53,and reduced carbon emissions with improved efficiency in 0.53-0.55.4)The polycentricity index has an interaction effect with other variables;specifically,when the polycentricity index is between 0.53 and 0.55,its interaction with urban gross domestic product(GDP),urban population,urban built-up area,green coverage rate in built-up areas,urban technological expenditure,and the proportion of the output value of the secondary industry will reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon emission efficiency.These findings enhance the understanding of urban spatial structures and carbon emissions,providing valuable insights for policymakers in developing green and low-carbon strategies.
基金supported by the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(Grant Nos.202401AU070163 and 202501AT070298)the Yunnan Engineering Research Center Innovation Ability Construction and Enhancement Projects(Grant No.2023-XMDJ-00617107)+5 种基金the University Service Key Industry Project of Yunnan Province(Grant No.FWCY-ZD2024005)the Expert Workstation Support Project of Yunnan Province(Grant No.202405AF140069)the Scientific Research Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Grant No.20220122)the Analysis and Test Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Grant No.2023T20220122)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN02057)the Ordos City Strategic Pioneering Science and Technology Special Program for New Energy(Grant No.DC2400003365).
文摘Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have been regarded as one of the most promising alternatives in the post-lithium battery era due to their high energy density,which meets the needs of light-weight electronic devices and long-range electric vehicles.However,technical barriers such as dendrite growth and poor Li plating/stripping reversibility severely hinder the practical application of LMBs.However,lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))is found to be able to stabilize the Li/electrolyte interface and has been used to address the above challenges.To date,considerable research efforts have been devoted toward understanding the roles of LiNO_(3) in regulating the surface properties of Li anodes and toward the development of many effective strategies.These research efforts are partially mentioned in some articles on LMBs and yet have not been reviewed systematically.To fill this gap,we discuss the recent advances in fundamental and technological research on LiNO_(3) and its derivatives for improving the performances of LMBs,particularly for Li-sulfur(S),Li-oxygen(O),and Li-Li-containing transition-metal oxide(LTMO)batteries,as well as LiNO_(3)-containing recipes for precursors in battery materials and interphase fabrication.This review pays attention to the effects of LiNO_(3) in lithium-based batteries,aiming to provide scientific guidance for the optimization of electrode/electrolyte interfaces and enrich the design of advanced LMBs.
文摘Nanotechnology is transforming the textile industry by embedding UV-blocking and antimicrobial agents into fabric fibres at the molecular level. This study explores the development of biocomposites and nanocomposite materials for UV protection and microbial resistance in clothing. Nanoscale UV-blocking agents enhance the protection of textiles against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Recent studies on composites such as ZnO/carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylonitrile with UV absorbers and TiO2 nanoparticles, and lignin-TiO composites have shown significant improvements in UV protection and some antibacterial activity. Techniques such as electrospinning, hydrothermal synthesis, and natural fibre welding were used to create these composites, focusing on ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles for dual functionality. Research on nanoscale UV-blocking agents could revolutionise sun protection in clothing and offer better safety against ultraviolet radiation. Multifunctional composites with UV-blocking and antibacterial properties could advance the use of protective clothing in various industries and outdoor activities. Emphasising natural fibres and sustainable materials aligns with the global trend towards eco-friendly solutions, leading to more environmentally friendly products. This literature review aims to comprehensively review and analyze current research on UV protective knit fabrics using nanotechnology, nanocomposites, and biocomposites. It seeks to identify research gaps, evaluate different approaches, and provide insights for future developments in this field.
基金Under the auspices of Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.YQ2024D012),National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42071162,42101165,42501220)。
文摘Under the background of‘the Belt and Road’and‘China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor’initiatives,this paper studied the urban accessibility level,regional accessibility pattern and regional spatial effects along the Primorsky No.1 and No.2 transportation corridors.First,the evaluation of urban accessibility level with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 high-speed rails(HSRs)opening was conducted with two indicators,i.e.,the weighted average travel time,and the economic potential.After the evaluation,the spatial differentiation pattern of the accessibility changes with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening was performed respectively using ArcGIS.On these bases,the regional spatial effects brought by Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening were studied.The results are as following.First,the urban accessibility level will be greatly improved by the opening of Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs.All adjacent cities will be integrated into‘1 h HSR communication circle’and the whole journey will be integrated into‘4 h HSR communication circle’along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,respectively.The HSR accessibility of Primorsky No.1 corridor is stronger than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.But the HSR accessibility improvement degree of Primorsky No.1 corridor is weaker than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.Second,spatially,along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,the HSR accessibility level of the cities which are located in China is stronger than those cities located in Russia,showing the‘High West,Low East’patterns.The HSR accessibility improvement degree of the cities which are located in Russia and Sino-Russian border is stronger than those cities located in China,showing the‘High East,Low West’patterns.Third,Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the China’s‘Heilongjiang Land Sea Silk Road Economic Belt’and‘Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Development Pilot Zone’respectively,gradually involving into the development of China’s Harbin-Changchun Megalopolis.Relying on Harbin(China)and Changchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could connect Northeast China-Beijing HSR,accelerating the diffusion of population,economy and other flows from China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration to Northeast China,and then to Russia’s Far East Federal District.Relying on Suifenhe(China)and Hunchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could be conducive to the development of the second largest sea channels for Northeast China,creating the Northeast Asian Urban Belt,and new sea-rail intermodal pattern among China,Russia,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,Japan and Republic of Korea.Relying on Vladivostok(Russia)and Zarubino(Russia),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the‘Ice Silk Road’,building the‘Sino-Russian Northern Maritime Corridor’and‘Sino-Russian Arctic Blue Economic Areas’.
文摘The leaves of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic poplar (Populus nigra L.) and CpTI (Cowpea trypsin inhibitor) transgenic poplar ((P. tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. Tomentosa) were taken to feed the 4th-5th-instar larvae of American white moth (Hyphantria cunea (Drury)) for determination of the activities of the protective enzyme system inside larvae’s body. The physiological and biochemical effects of the transgenic poplars on the larvae were studied. The results showed that the two kinds of transgenic poplars had similar effects on the protective enzyme system in the midgut of larvae. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in midgut of the larvae increased gradually, reached the highest value at a certain time, and then decreased suddenly. For the larvae that were fed with the leaves of Bt transgenic poplar, the peak value of superoxide dismutase and catalase presented at the time of 24-h feeding, while the peak of peroxidase took place at the time of 12-h feeding. The activities of these protective enzymes for the larvae that were fed with leaves of CpTI transgenic poplar peaked 12 h later than that of those fed with leaves of Bt transgenic poplar. The comparison of activities of the protective enzymes was also carried out between the larvae with different levels of intoxication. It was found that the activities of protective enzyme of the seriously intoxicant larvae were higher than that of the lightly intoxicant larvae. This difference was more obvious in the group treated with CpTI transgenic poplar.
基金Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the 11thFive-Year Plan Period (Grant No.2008BAI51B02)National Natural Science Fund Project of China (Grant No. 81202904)
文摘Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction （HLJDD） has been widely used for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） in clinic. However, the relationship between its chemical profile and neuroprotective bioactivity was not clearly clarified yet. In present study, the water extract of HLJDD and subsequent three polarity fractions divided by different reagents were investigated. A total of 17 chromatographic peaks were confirmed by comparison with standards and their UV, MS spectra. Among them, 11 major compounds were determined by HPLC-DAD method with good linear regression relationship （r2, 0.9994-0.9999）, precisions （inter-day precision RSD, 0.79%-1.07%; intra-day precision RSD, 1.59%-2.10%）, repeatability （RSD, 1.66%-3.67%）, stability （RSD, 1.26%-4.77%） and recovery （95.24%-105.41%, RSD, 0.29%-2.69%）. Furthermore, PC12 cells and primary neurons cells were used for the neuroprotective effective assessment of aforementioned four samples from HLJDD. 3＂he total aqueous extract and n-butanol extract of HLJDD presented more significant effects than the other two parts. According to their quality and quantity determination results, iridoids and alkaloids have a positive correlation with the neuroprotective effectiveness of HLJDD.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No:19991091) and HiTech Resereh and Development Program of China (No:2004AA2Z3815)
文摘Aim The enhanced effect of Bushen (Kidney-tonifying) decoction (BS) oncultured PC12 cell proliferation and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicity induced by glutamatewere investigated by serum pharmacological method of the Chinese material medica (CMM) in vitro.Methods The effect of BS on cultured PC12 cell activity and its antagonistic action on neurotoxicityinduced by glutamate was observed by MTT method. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopetechniques were employed to observe the antagonistic effect of BS on early period apoptosis of PC12cells induced by glutamate. Results The serum with BS was able to enhance activity of PC12 cells andexert antagonistic effect on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Meanwhile, these beneficial effectsproduced by BS were found to be the strongest in 20% concentration of in serum BS. Moreover, it caninhibit apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by glutamate , which occurs in the early period. ConclusionBS may exert a potential neuroprotective effect.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Education Department(07KJB210137)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore physiological mechanism effects in growth promotion by ethametsulfuron of lower concentration through research on content variations of protective enzymes and endogenous hormones by ethametsulfuron of low concentration. [Method] Rice of different leaf ages were treated in ethametsulfuron of two concentrations through soil culture. Leaves of rice were col- lected after 15 d. POD activity, PPO activity, and contents of GA, ZR, and ABA were measured by guaiacol-hydrogen peroxide method, catechol method, and ELISA method, respectively. [Result] After treatment by ethametsulfuron at 2 μg/kg, activity of PPO was greatly enhanced, of POD was a little lower than that of control group; contents of GA and ZR increased a lot and of ABA decreased much; GA/ABA val- ues were higher than that of control group. In contrast, with treatment of ethamet- sulfuron at 20 μg/kg, activity of POD was greatly increased, of PPO was a little low- er than that of control group; contents of GA, ZR increased a lot and of ABA was greatly decreased; ratio of GA and ABA was smaller than that of control group. Among treated leaves during the period when the seventh leaf grew, three hormones contents were so close to that of control group. [Conclusion] If rice was tested with ethametsulfuron of 2 μg/kg, value of GA/ABA in leaves was higher than that of con- trol group, for which rice growth would be promoted. When the concentration was 20 μg/kg, ratio of GA and ABA was smaller than that of control group, for which, rice growth would be inhibited, and during the seventh leaf growing, ethametsul- furon＇s effect on rice growth was weaker than that of term before the fourth one growing.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Cassava Technology System Fund (CARS-12-hncq)the Central-level Public Welfare Research Institutes for Basic R & D Operations (No.2011h-zs1J014,No.2009hzs1J013)+1 种基金Agricultural Public Welfare Industry-specific (200903034-5)Science and Technology Program Project of Hainan Province (ZDXM20100022,ZDXM20110032)~~
文摘[Objective] Mononychellus tanajoa is a mite speices recently invaded into China in 2008. Temperature is one of the most important ecological factors affecting the growth and reproduction of M. tanajoa. The objective of the current study was to reveal the effects of high temperature incubation on the activities of some protective enzymes in M. tanajoa at different growth stages. The results would contribute to the understanding of the adaptable distribution of M. tanajoa after its invasion into China, the mechanisms in its invasion, diffusion and ecological adaptation, and the monitor- ing, early warning and effective prevention of its damage. [Method] Six protective enzymes, Le. polyphenol oxidase （PPO）, peroxidase （POD）, ascorbate oxidase （AsA- POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and esterase （EST）, were cho- sen to study their activities after the mites at different growth stages were incubated at a extremely high temperature of 42 ~C for a certain period of time up to 24 h. The activities were measured by spectrophotometric endpoint assay method. [Results] Enzyme activities in M. tanajoa were affected by the high temperature incubation. However, differences in enzyme activity changes were found among different protec- tive enzymes and among different growth stages of M. tanajoa. Activities of PPO, POD, AsA-POD and CAT were significantly increased in the larval mites and female adult mites of M. tanajoa. CAT activity was significantly decreased in protonymph and deutonymph of M. tanajoa. Activities of PPO, POD and AsA-POD in protonymph and deutonymph showed no obvious difference from the control. [Conclusion] The activity changes of some protective enzymes in M. tanajoa following high-temperature treatment are part of its anti-stress reaction mechanism. In mite protonymph and deutonymph, activities of PPO, POD and AsA-POD are similar to the untreated con- trol which may be associated with the thermostability of M. tanajoa. It is concluded that, the long-time stress of extreme temperature may result in the increase of the thermostability of mite individuals, the enhancement of the population thermal stability and subsequently lead to rapid expansion of the population.
