High-strength aluminum alloys are widely used in industries such as aerospace,automotive,and defense due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical properties.However,optimizing their mechanical p...High-strength aluminum alloys are widely used in industries such as aerospace,automotive,and defense due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical properties.However,optimizing their mechanical properties while maintaining cost-effectiveness and processing efficiency remains a significant challenge.This paper investigates the fundamental aspects of microstructure control and mechanical property optimization in high-strength aluminum alloys.It focuses on the influence of alloy composition,heat treatments,and processing techniques on the material's strength,ductility,toughness,fatigue resistance,corrosion resistance,and wear properties.The paper also explores the role of advanced experimental techniques,such as metallographic analysis,mechanical testing,and X-ray diffraction(XRD),in characterizing the microstructure and mechanical performance of these alloys.Moreover,it emphasizes the importance of microstructure refinement,solid solution strengthening,precipitation hardening,and the addition of specific alloying elements in optimizing the alloy's overall performance.The review provides valuable insights into the key strategies for designing high-strength aluminum alloys with enhanced mechanical properties,focusing on their applications in high-performance engineering fields.展开更多
Nerve guidance channels are limited by lack of topographical guidance：Treatment of sizeable nerve gaps remains problematic following peripheral nerve injury.Functional outcomes are good when neurorrhaphy,or direct en...Nerve guidance channels are limited by lack of topographical guidance：Treatment of sizeable nerve gaps remains problematic following peripheral nerve injury.Functional outcomes are good when neurorrhaphy,or direct end-to-end suture repair,is possible.The problem arises when there is significant segmental loss,which can occur following trauma as well as oncological procedures.展开更多
The effects of CaSO4 additive and burning temperature on the formation and properties of high-alkali clinker as well as their optimal control range were studied by means of chemical analysis, physical examination , XR...The effects of CaSO4 additive and burning temperature on the formation and properties of high-alkali clinker as well as their optimal control range were studied by means of chemical analysis, physical examination , XRD, DTA and EPMA. The results show that a proper addition of CaSO4 may convert alkalis to R2S04, reduce melt viscosity, considerably improve the forming environment of alite. during burning. hence the setting and hardening of clinker develop normally. If CaSO4 were too much , however , that excess SO3 with Al2O3 would dissolve into C2S to hinder C3S forming and produce K2SO4 ·CaSO4 ·H2O during hydratlon , to lead to quick setting of the paste. The optimal CaSO4 content expressed as SO3/R2O mole ratio in clinker is 0. 6-1. 0, A high temperature can decrease the riscosity and increase the rate of forming C3S nuclei , so not only helping overcome the harm of alkali but al,so supplementing imperfection of sulpfiate. It is better to burn a high alkali clinker with CaSO4 addition abore 1400℃.展开更多
Additives are widely employed to regulate the morphology,size,and agglomeration degree of crystalline materials during crystallization to enhance their functional,physical,and powder properties.However,the existing me...Additives are widely employed to regulate the morphology,size,and agglomeration degree of crystalline materials during crystallization to enhance their functional,physical,and powder properties.However,the existing methods for screening and validating target additives require a large quantity of materials and involve tedious molecular simulation/crystallization experiments,making them time-consuming,resource-intensive,and reliant on the operator’s experience level.To overcome these challenges,we proposed a computer vision-assisted high-throughput additive screening system(CV-HTPASS)which comprises a high-throughput additive screening device,in situ imaging equipment,and an artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted image-analysis algorithm.Using the CV-HTPASS,we performed high-throughput screening experiments on additives to regulate the succinic acid crystal properties,generating thousands of crystal images with diverse crystal morphologies.To extract valuable crystal information from the massive data and improve the analysis accuracy and efficiency,the AI-based image-analysis algorithm was implemented innovatively for the segmentation,classification,and data mining of crystals with four morphologies to further screen the target additive.Subsequently,scale-up crystallization experiments conducted under optimized conditions demonstrated that succinic acid products exhibited a preferred cubic morphology,reduced agglomeration degree,narrowed crystal size distribution,and improved powder properties.The proposed CV-HTPASS offers a highly efficient approach for scale-up experiments.Further,it provides a platform for the screening of additives and the optimization of the powder properties of crystal products in industrial-scale crystallization processes.展开更多
Electromagnetic absorbers(EMA) have driven the development of Electromagnetic(EM) technology and advanced EM devices. Utilizing the EM energy conversion of EM absorbers to design various devices is attractive and prom...Electromagnetic absorbers(EMA) have driven the development of Electromagnetic(EM) technology and advanced EM devices. Utilizing the EM energy conversion of EM absorbers to design various devices is attractive and promising, especially in personal protection and healthcare. In this review article, the simulation and numerical analysis of EM materials are reviewed, from numerical analysis of dielectric parameters, simulation of wave absorbing performance, electromagnetic performance improvement, and structural construction optimization. For the EM response mechanism, radiation-dependent relaxation and charge transport energy transitions are dissected. For the EM calculation section, two leading roles are highlighted, including the purposeful design of EM and the provision of theoretical guidance for optimizing electromagnetic absorption performance. In addition, this work points out the current problems and potential opportunities in the numerical simulation of absorbing materials, points out the new development direction, and proposes prospects.展开更多
An antireflection （AR） coating is fabricated by applying an optimal spin-coating method and a pH-modified SiO2 nanoparticle solution on a cover glass. Because the pH value of the solution will affect the aggregation...An antireflection （AR） coating is fabricated by applying an optimal spin-coating method and a pH-modified SiO2 nanoparticle solution on a cover glass. Because the pH value of the solution will affect the aggregation and dispersion of the SiO2 particles, the transmittance of the AR-treated cover glass will be enhanced under optimal fabricated conditions. The experimental results show that an AR coating fabricated by an SiO2 nano- particle solution of pH 11 enhances the transmittance approximately by 3% and 5% under normal and oblique incident conditions, respectively. Furthermore, the AR-treated cover glass exhibits hydrophobicity and shows a 65% enhancement at a contact angle to bare glass.展开更多
A visco-plastic rate-dependent homogenization theory for particle-reinforced composites was derived and the equivalent elastic constants and the equivalent visco-plastic parameters of these composites were obtained. A...A visco-plastic rate-dependent homogenization theory for particle-reinforced composites was derived and the equivalent elastic constants and the equivalent visco-plastic parameters of these composites were obtained. A framework of homogenization the- ory for particle-reinforced W-Ni-Fe composites, a kind of tungsten alloy, was established. Based on the homogenization theory and a fixed-point iteration method, a unit cell model with typical microstructnres of the composite was established by using dynamic analysis program. The effects of tungsten content, tungsten particle shape and particle size and interface strength on the mechanical properties and the crack propagation of the W-Ni-Fe composite are analyzed under quasi-static and dynamic loadings. The stress-strain curves of the composite are given and the relation between the macro-mechanical characteristics and the microstructure parameters is explored, which provides an important theoretical basis for the optimization of the W-Ni-Fe composites.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Luminescent nano/micro molecular crystals with well-defined shapes and morphologies have exhibited great potential for various photonic applications.The molecular orientation and packing greatly influence t...CONSPECTUS:Luminescent nano/micro molecular crystals with well-defined shapes and morphologies have exhibited great potential for various photonic applications.The molecular orientation and packing greatly influence the optical and electronic characters of the crystals.Noncovalent intermolecular interactions can not only determine the growth direction but also induce the formation of polymorphs,bringing more possibilities for the property optimization and functional applications.Besides,light-harvesting energy transfer(LHEnT)is a vital process in natural photosynthesis,the mimic of which provides a simple and practical means for solar energy conversion and the preparation of luminescent materials.With an energy donor and acceptor pair with suitable energy levels and similar molecular size and solubility,it is convenient to fabricate LHEnT molecular crystals with tunable optoelectronic and emission properties by dispersing acceptors into the donor lattices.展开更多
In HfO_(2),the stabilization of orthorhombic phase is crucial for hafnia-based ferroelectric devices.Here,we propose a charge-balance synergistic strategy to modulate phase transition and optimize ferroelectric proper...In HfO_(2),the stabilization of orthorhombic phase is crucial for hafnia-based ferroelectric devices.Here,we propose a charge-balance synergistic strategy to modulate phase transition and optimize ferroelectric properties in acceptor-doped HfO_(2)thin-film heterostructures.Sm-doped HfO_(2)/SrRuO_(3)heterostructures are adopted as the platform,in which the acceptor SmʹHf introduces extra holes into the HfO_(2)controlled by doping concentration,while the SrRuO_(3)electrode injects electrons depended on termination-controlled surface work function.Transition from monoclinic to orthorhombic and then to tetragonal phase is observed with increasing Sm concentration.The Sm-doping region for improved ferroelectricity is found to be depended on SrRuO_(3)termination.These behaviors are ascribed to the charge-balance effect that combines the acceptor doping and the interface injection in the heterostructures.The holes in HfO_(2)lattices are thus modulated to dominantly distribute on specific oxygen sublattices,lowering the relative energy between monoclinic and orthorhombic phases.We also extend the study into other acceptor-doped HfO_(2),such as La^(3+)and Eu^(3+),and observe almost identical phase transition and ferroelectric behaviors.Our findings provide more physical insights into the stabilization of orthorhombic phase and open a new gateway for designing high-performance ferroelectric HfO_(2)devices by harnessing both the electrode structures and the HfO_(2)-based layers in heterostructure systems.展开更多
In this paper, on the basis of the data of both components and series system experiments,we give some statistical inference procedures for the three parameters of a bivariate exponential distribution, and discuss thei...In this paper, on the basis of the data of both components and series system experiments,we give some statistical inference procedures for the three parameters of a bivariate exponential distribution, and discuss their properties.展开更多
文摘High-strength aluminum alloys are widely used in industries such as aerospace,automotive,and defense due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical properties.However,optimizing their mechanical properties while maintaining cost-effectiveness and processing efficiency remains a significant challenge.This paper investigates the fundamental aspects of microstructure control and mechanical property optimization in high-strength aluminum alloys.It focuses on the influence of alloy composition,heat treatments,and processing techniques on the material's strength,ductility,toughness,fatigue resistance,corrosion resistance,and wear properties.The paper also explores the role of advanced experimental techniques,such as metallographic analysis,mechanical testing,and X-ray diffraction(XRD),in characterizing the microstructure and mechanical performance of these alloys.Moreover,it emphasizes the importance of microstructure refinement,solid solution strengthening,precipitation hardening,and the addition of specific alloying elements in optimizing the alloy's overall performance.The review provides valuable insights into the key strategies for designing high-strength aluminum alloys with enhanced mechanical properties,focusing on their applications in high-performance engineering fields.
文摘Nerve guidance channels are limited by lack of topographical guidance：Treatment of sizeable nerve gaps remains problematic following peripheral nerve injury.Functional outcomes are good when neurorrhaphy,or direct end-to-end suture repair,is possible.The problem arises when there is significant segmental loss,which can occur following trauma as well as oncological procedures.
文摘The effects of CaSO4 additive and burning temperature on the formation and properties of high-alkali clinker as well as their optimal control range were studied by means of chemical analysis, physical examination , XRD, DTA and EPMA. The results show that a proper addition of CaSO4 may convert alkalis to R2S04, reduce melt viscosity, considerably improve the forming environment of alite. during burning. hence the setting and hardening of clinker develop normally. If CaSO4 were too much , however , that excess SO3 with Al2O3 would dissolve into C2S to hinder C3S forming and produce K2SO4 ·CaSO4 ·H2O during hydratlon , to lead to quick setting of the paste. The optimal CaSO4 content expressed as SO3/R2O mole ratio in clinker is 0. 6-1. 0, A high temperature can decrease the riscosity and increase the rate of forming C3S nuclei , so not only helping overcome the harm of alkali but al,so supplementing imperfection of sulpfiate. It is better to burn a high alkali clinker with CaSO4 addition abore 1400℃.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(Major Key Technology Project)(2021CXGC010514)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22008173).
文摘Additives are widely employed to regulate the morphology,size,and agglomeration degree of crystalline materials during crystallization to enhance their functional,physical,and powder properties.However,the existing methods for screening and validating target additives require a large quantity of materials and involve tedious molecular simulation/crystallization experiments,making them time-consuming,resource-intensive,and reliant on the operator’s experience level.To overcome these challenges,we proposed a computer vision-assisted high-throughput additive screening system(CV-HTPASS)which comprises a high-throughput additive screening device,in situ imaging equipment,and an artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted image-analysis algorithm.Using the CV-HTPASS,we performed high-throughput screening experiments on additives to regulate the succinic acid crystal properties,generating thousands of crystal images with diverse crystal morphologies.To extract valuable crystal information from the massive data and improve the analysis accuracy and efficiency,the AI-based image-analysis algorithm was implemented innovatively for the segmentation,classification,and data mining of crystals with four morphologies to further screen the target additive.Subsequently,scale-up crystallization experiments conducted under optimized conditions demonstrated that succinic acid products exhibited a preferred cubic morphology,reduced agglomeration degree,narrowed crystal size distribution,and improved powder properties.The proposed CV-HTPASS offers a highly efficient approach for scale-up experiments.Further,it provides a platform for the screening of additives and the optimization of the powder properties of crystal products in industrial-scale crystallization processes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51772060and 51972078)the Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Functional Integration Materials&Green Manufacturing Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,150001,China。
文摘Electromagnetic absorbers(EMA) have driven the development of Electromagnetic(EM) technology and advanced EM devices. Utilizing the EM energy conversion of EM absorbers to design various devices is attractive and promising, especially in personal protection and healthcare. In this review article, the simulation and numerical analysis of EM materials are reviewed, from numerical analysis of dielectric parameters, simulation of wave absorbing performance, electromagnetic performance improvement, and structural construction optimization. For the EM response mechanism, radiation-dependent relaxation and charge transport energy transitions are dissected. For the EM calculation section, two leading roles are highlighted, including the purposeful design of EM and the provision of theoretical guidance for optimizing electromagnetic absorption performance. In addition, this work points out the current problems and potential opportunities in the numerical simulation of absorbing materials, points out the new development direction, and proposes prospects.
基金financially supporting this research under Contract No. NSC 102-2221-E-155-076-MY3
文摘An antireflection （AR） coating is fabricated by applying an optimal spin-coating method and a pH-modified SiO2 nanoparticle solution on a cover glass. Because the pH value of the solution will affect the aggregation and dispersion of the SiO2 particles, the transmittance of the AR-treated cover glass will be enhanced under optimal fabricated conditions. The experimental results show that an AR coating fabricated by an SiO2 nano- particle solution of pH 11 enhances the transmittance approximately by 3% and 5% under normal and oblique incident conditions, respectively. Furthermore, the AR-treated cover glass exhibits hydrophobicity and shows a 65% enhancement at a contact angle to bare glass.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11032002 and 91016013)the program for New Century Excellent Talents in University+1 种基金National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2010CB832706)the project of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology (Beijing Institute of Technology)(Grant No. ZDKT10-03a)
文摘A visco-plastic rate-dependent homogenization theory for particle-reinforced composites was derived and the equivalent elastic constants and the equivalent visco-plastic parameters of these composites were obtained. A framework of homogenization the- ory for particle-reinforced W-Ni-Fe composites, a kind of tungsten alloy, was established. Based on the homogenization theory and a fixed-point iteration method, a unit cell model with typical microstructnres of the composite was established by using dynamic analysis program. The effects of tungsten content, tungsten particle shape and particle size and interface strength on the mechanical properties and the crack propagation of the W-Ni-Fe composite are analyzed under quasi-static and dynamic loadings. The stress-strain curves of the composite are given and the relation between the macro-mechanical characteristics and the microstructure parameters is explored, which provides an important theoretical basis for the optimization of the W-Ni-Fe composites.
基金the National R&D Program of China(2023YFE0125200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 22305251,22090021,and 21925112)for funding support。
文摘CONSPECTUS:Luminescent nano/micro molecular crystals with well-defined shapes and morphologies have exhibited great potential for various photonic applications.The molecular orientation and packing greatly influence the optical and electronic characters of the crystals.Noncovalent intermolecular interactions can not only determine the growth direction but also induce the formation of polymorphs,bringing more possibilities for the property optimization and functional applications.Besides,light-harvesting energy transfer(LHEnT)is a vital process in natural photosynthesis,the mimic of which provides a simple and practical means for solar energy conversion and the preparation of luminescent materials.With an energy donor and acceptor pair with suitable energy levels and similar molecular size and solubility,it is convenient to fabricate LHEnT molecular crystals with tunable optoelectronic and emission properties by dispersing acceptors into the donor lattices.
基金sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.52372113 and 12474061)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2024JC-YBMS-009)+1 种基金Z.W.acknowledges support from the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(Grants No.tstp20240511)T.C.thanks the support from the Youth Project of“Shanxi High-level Talents Introduction Plan and Shaanxi Qinchuangyuan High-Level Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talent Introduction Program(QCYRCXM-2023-077)。
文摘In HfO_(2),the stabilization of orthorhombic phase is crucial for hafnia-based ferroelectric devices.Here,we propose a charge-balance synergistic strategy to modulate phase transition and optimize ferroelectric properties in acceptor-doped HfO_(2)thin-film heterostructures.Sm-doped HfO_(2)/SrRuO_(3)heterostructures are adopted as the platform,in which the acceptor SmʹHf introduces extra holes into the HfO_(2)controlled by doping concentration,while the SrRuO_(3)electrode injects electrons depended on termination-controlled surface work function.Transition from monoclinic to orthorhombic and then to tetragonal phase is observed with increasing Sm concentration.The Sm-doping region for improved ferroelectricity is found to be depended on SrRuO_(3)termination.These behaviors are ascribed to the charge-balance effect that combines the acceptor doping and the interface injection in the heterostructures.The holes in HfO_(2)lattices are thus modulated to dominantly distribute on specific oxygen sublattices,lowering the relative energy between monoclinic and orthorhombic phases.We also extend the study into other acceptor-doped HfO_(2),such as La^(3+)and Eu^(3+),and observe almost identical phase transition and ferroelectric behaviors.Our findings provide more physical insights into the stabilization of orthorhombic phase and open a new gateway for designing high-performance ferroelectric HfO_(2)devices by harnessing both the electrode structures and the HfO_(2)-based layers in heterostructure systems.
文摘In this paper, on the basis of the data of both components and series system experiments,we give some statistical inference procedures for the three parameters of a bivariate exponential distribution, and discuss their properties.
