Peptide-and drug-protected gold nanoclusters(Au NCs)with atomic precision have attracted research attention in the last few years owing to their ultrasmall size(<2 nm),well-defined structures,tunable photoluminesce...Peptide-and drug-protected gold nanoclusters(Au NCs)with atomic precision have attracted research attention in the last few years owing to their ultrasmall size(<2 nm),well-defined structures,tunable photoluminescence from the visible to near-infrared range,water solubility,and good biocompatibility.These features,combined with low toxicity and efficient renal clearance,make such Au NCs promising candidates for biomedical use,including diagnosis,therapy,and theranostic.The incorporation of peptides or drugs into Au NCs enhances the stability,targeting specificity,cellular uptake,and prolonged circulation,enabling precise modulation of biological responses.Despite notable advances in achieving atomic precision employing complex ligands such as peptides or drugs,the synthetic methods of this new class of NCs remain a challenge.Careful control of molar ratio(Au:peptide/drug),reducing agent,temperature,and reaction time is required,because these factors directly influence the cluster size,optical properties,and in vivo performance.In this review,we highlight different synthetic approaches of atomically precise peptide-and drug-protected Au NCs,emphasizing the role of rational ligand design and reaction conditions,as well as the challenges associated with structural determination.We further discuss the optical and photoluminescence properties of peptide-protected Au NCs-the mostly explored features for biomedical applications.Finally,we conclude by outlining the current challenges,opportunities for scale-up synthesis,and future design perspectives for these emerging nanomaterials.展开更多
The growing population and industrialization have led to significant production in agro-industrial sectors,result-ing in large amounts of agro-industrial residues often left untreated,posing potential environmental is...The growing population and industrialization have led to significant production in agro-industrial sectors,result-ing in large amounts of agro-industrial residues often left untreated,posing potential environmental issues.There-fore,finding effective ways to utilize these bio-based residues is crucial.One promising approach is to use these low-or no-value agro-industrial wastes as raw materials for producing renewable biomaterials,including proteins and peptides.Research has extensively explored peptide extraction using plant and animal-based agro-industrial residue.Due to lower processing costs and beneficial bioactive properties,peptides derived from waste could replace synthetic peptides and those extracted from food sources.The isolation,purification,and analysis processes of these peptides are thoroughly examined to optimize their extraction and ensure their purity and efficacy.These peptides’bioactive properties and mechanisms are being analyzed for their potential applications in the biomedical field.Additionally,the applications of bioactive peptides in medical fields,such as drug delivery systems,tissue engineering,and bioprinting,are discussed.展开更多
Chickpea(Cicer arietinum Linn.)is a widely cultivated edible legume worldwide.Starch is the major carbohydrate in chickpea seeds and amounts up to 50%of the dry matter.Compared with other legume starches and cereal st...Chickpea(Cicer arietinum Linn.)is a widely cultivated edible legume worldwide.Starch is the major carbohydrate in chickpea seeds and amounts up to 50%of the dry matter.Compared with other legume starches and cereal starches,there is a lack of systematic review on chickpea starch.Herein,this review summarized the extraction,composition,structure,properties,modification and food uses of chickpea starch.Literatures showed that chickpea starch exhibited unique molecular structures and functional properties differed from other starches from legumes,cereal and tubers.Moreover,chickpea starch has been found to have remarkable resistance to digestion.The chickpea resistant starch showed prebiotic effect and potential health benefits.To date,chickpea starch has been modified by physical,chemical,biological and dual modification methods to change its functional properties such as swelling power,solubility,thermal,pasting,gel textural properties,and digestibility,which are essential to widen its applications.In food sectors,chickpea starch could be used as fillings,thickeners,gelling agents or a source of resistant starch in various formulated foods.In the end,suggestions on how to deeply understand and exploit chickpea starch are proposed.展开更多
The nanocrystalline samples Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;M:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))were prepared using the citrate combustion method.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern confirmed that the nanoparticles were synthesized...The nanocrystalline samples Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;M:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))were prepared using the citrate combustion method.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern confirmed that the nanoparticles were synthesized in an orthorhombic structure.The particle size of Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3) is in the range of 29-59 nm.The selected area electron diffraction(SAED)indicates the samples were prepared in a polycrystalline nature.The samples Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;M:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))have anti ferromagnetic behavior.The Fe^(3+)spins are aligned antiparallel,forming the antiferromagnetic(AFM)properties,which are affected by many factors such as the bond angle between the Fe^(3+)(Fe^(3+)-O_(2)--Fe^(3+))and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(D-M)interaction.The doping of Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+)ions in NdFeO_(3) enhances the magnetic properties of the NdFeO_(3).The saturation magnetization(Ms)of Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) increases 1.8times more than that of NdFeO_(3).The exchange bias field(HEX)of the Co-doped sample is two times greater than that of NdFeO_(3).The magnetic anisotropy constant(K)of the 10%Co-doped sample increases by 11 factors compared to that of NdFeO_(3).The Tauc plot illustrates that the samples have a direct optical transition.The divalent cation substitution(Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))decreases the optical band gap of NdFeO_(3),leading to the recommendation of using the samples Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3) in photocatalysis of dye degradation from water.The removal efficiencies of Cr6+at pH=6 are 88.06%,85.54%,and 85.52%for the samples NdFeO_(3),Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3),and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3),respectively.The Freundlich isotherm mode is the best-fit model for NdFeO_(3) to adsorb Cr6+ions from aqueous solutions.展开更多
In this study,the casting process is used to fabricate modified polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),starch(S),and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)polymer blend films(PVA/S/CMC)loaded with various concentrations of irondoped carbon qua...In this study,the casting process is used to fabricate modified polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),starch(S),and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)polymer blend films(PVA/S/CMC)loaded with various concentrations of irondoped carbon quantum dots(Fe-CQDs)and denoted as(PVA/S/CMC@Fe-CQDs).A one-step microwave strategy was employed as a facile method to prepare Fe-CQDs.Through a series of characterization techniques,fourier-transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,x-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)have been used to show the successful integration of Fe-CQDs into the PVA/S/CMCmatrix.Loading the synthesized Fe-CQDs to the polymeric matrix significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the films represented in the tensile strength,Young’s modulus,and hardness.However,the elongation decreased noticeably upon increasing the iron-doped carbon dots.The surface wettability was also studied by measuring the contact angle of the prepared films.The findings showed a noticeable elevation in these measurements by increasing the Fe-CQDs content,declaring the role of a hydrophobic character in these nanoparticles when introduced into a hydrophilic polymeric system.The dielectric characteristics of the reinforced polymer composite films were evaluated.These results revealed that the ac-conductivity of the investigated films was boosted with increasing Fe-CQDs’ratio and frequency.The PVA/S/CMC@Fe-CQDs films possess substantial potential for efficient energy storage applications.展开更多
The rapid solidified process and hot press method were performed to produce three hypereutectic 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys for heat dissipation materials. The results show that the atomization is an effect...The rapid solidified process and hot press method were performed to produce three hypereutectic 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys for heat dissipation materials. The results show that the atomization is an effective rapid solidified method to produce the Si-Al alloy and the size of atomized Si-Al alloy powder is less than 50 μm. The rapid solidified Si-Al alloy powder were hot pressed at 550 ℃ with the pressure of 700 MPa to obtain the relative densities of 99.4%, 99.2% and 94.4% for 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys, respectively. The typical physical properties, such as the thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） and electrical conductivity of rapid solidified Si-Al alloys are acceptable as a heat dissipation material for many semiconductor devices. The 55%Si-Al alloy changes greatly （CTE） with the increase of temperature but obtains a good thermal conductivity. The CTE of 90%Si-Al alloy matches with the silicon very well but its thermal conductivity value is less than 100 W/（m.K）. Therefore, the 70%Si-Al alloy possesses the best comprehensive properties of CTE and thermal conductivity for using as the heat sink materials.展开更多
Since the discovery of carbon dots(CDs)in 2004,the unique photoluminescence phenomenon of CDs has attracted widespread attention.However,the molecular weight of CDs has not been adequately quantified at present,due to...Since the discovery of carbon dots(CDs)in 2004,the unique photoluminescence phenomenon of CDs has attracted widespread attention.However,the molecular weight of CDs has not been adequately quantified at present,due to CDs are atomically imprecise and their molecular weight distribution is broad.In this paper,a series of Pluronic-modified CDs were prepared and the structure of the CDs was briefly analyzed.Subsequently,a molecular weight measurement method based on colligative properties was developed,and the correction coefficient in the algorithm was briefly analyzed.The calculated molecular weight was applied to the determination of surface adsorption capacity.This work provided a method for averaging the molecular weight of atomically imprecise particulate materials,which is expected to provide new opportunities in related fields.展开更多
Propolis is a resinous complex mixture made from plant resins collected by worker bees and mixed with their own secretions.It is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids and thus has a wide range of biological activities an...Propolis is a resinous complex mixture made from plant resins collected by worker bees and mixed with their own secretions.It is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids and thus has a wide range of biological activities and is considered a functional source for promoting human health.However,propolis and its bioactive compounds have poor water solubility,rapid and intense metabolism,and low oral bioavailability,which limits their wide application.In this paper,the main bioactive substances in propolis were summarized,and the biological characteristics and therapeutic potential of propolis and its bioactive substances were discussed.In addition,this paper discussed the factors affecting the bioavailability of propolis and its functional ingredients,focusing on the research progress in improving the bioavailability and bioactivity of propolis and its functional ingredients using nanoencapsulation technology.Finally,the current situation of the global propolis market and the applications of propolis products in the pharmaceutical,food,cosmetic and other industrial fields were discussed,providing useful references for promoting the development of the propolis industry.展开更多
One-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties that distinguish them from other perovskitetypes, making them a focal point in photoelectric research. In recent years, there has been a significant ...One-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties that distinguish them from other perovskitetypes, making them a focal point in photoelectric research. In recent years, there has been a significant surge ininterest surrounding the synthesis and application of one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, spurred by ad-vancementsin synthesis techniques and notable breakthroughs in novel methodologies and application proper-ties.This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress made in research on one-dimensionalanisotropic perovskites, detailing the synthesis mechanisms and potential pathways for performance enhance-mentin various applications. We highlight the crucial role of controllable synthesis and heterogeneous effect intailoring perovskite properties to boost application efficacy. Initially, this review examines the primary synthesismethods and mechanisms for creating heterogeneously induced one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, cate-gorizingthem into two main approaches: the classical wet chemical synthesis, which utilizes selective ligands, andthe ligand-free, substrate-assisted method. The precision in controllable synthesis is essential for fabricatingheterogeneous structures, where the synthesized precursor, shape, and surface ligand significantly influence theinterfacial strength of the heterogenic interface. We also discuss the key features that must be improved for high-performanceapplications, exploring how heterogeneous effects can enhance performance and drive the devel-opmentof heterogeneous devices in various applications, such as photodetectors, solar cells, light-emitting di-odes,and photocatalysis. Conclusively, by highlighting the emerging potential and promising opportunitiesoffered by strategic heterogeneous construction, we forecast a dynamic and transformative future for their pro-ductionand application landscapes.展开更多
It is advisable to look into efficient and environmentally friendly materials that have the ability to turn lost energy into electricity in order to mitigate the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the ensuing environ...It is advisable to look into efficient and environmentally friendly materials that have the ability to turn lost energy into electricity in order to mitigate the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the ensuing environmental damage.In the present work density functional theory(DFT)was employed to analyze the structural,optical,electronic,and thermoelectric characteristics of novel half-Heusler AMnSb(A=La,Lu)materials.The structural stability of both compounds under consideration was verified by using the Birch-Murnaghan equations of states,which indicate that both compounds have structural stability due to ground-state energy levels being negative.Band structure and total density of state analysis display that LaMnSb has an energy band gap of 0.96 eV for spin-up(↑)and 0.21 eV for spin-down(↓)configurations.LuMnSb has band gap of 0.47 eV for spin-up and an indirect band gap of 0.3 eV for spin-down channel.In terms of its optical properties,LuMnSb exhibits maximal conductivity and absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range(99-462 nm),which makes it a desirable material for optoelectronic applications.Moreover,the transport characteristics of the examined materials were computed by means of the Boltztrap code based on Boltzmann transport theory.The thermoelectric parameters,like the thermal conductivity,Seebeck coefficient,and electrical conductivity are computed in the 200-1200 K temperature range.These anticipated results suggest that AMnSb(A=La,Lu)compounds would be the best choice for thermoelectric and green energy applications.展开更多
The transport properties of two-dimensional(2D)molybdenum diselenide(MoSe_(2))were comprehensively investigated.To understand experimental data,a detailed transport theory was developed by considering charged impurity...The transport properties of two-dimensional(2D)molybdenum diselenide(MoSe_(2))were comprehensively investigated.To understand experimental data,a detailed transport theory was developed by considering charged impurity,acoustic phonon,and optical phonon scatterings,and excellent quantitative agreements were obtained between theory and experiment.The observed metal-insulator transition(MIT)in MoSe_(2)is attributed to the screened Coulombic disorder arising from the random distribution of charged impurities in the semiconductor structures,indicating that MoSe_(2)2D MIT is a finite-temperature density-inhomogeneity-driven effective transition.We argue that the critical carrier density(nc)is sensitive to impurity density(ni)as a result of the competition with intrinsic phonons.Due to low impurity density,our devices show linear ohmic contact between the channel and electrodes.Furthermore,high performance MoSe_(2)all-2D photodetectors are fabricated by using a transparent electrode on a hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)substrate.The fabricated all-2D MoSe_(2)photodetectors demonstrate a substantial enhancement of photocurrent due to multiple reflections at the hBN and MoSe_(2)interface.Additionally,they exhibit a high photo-to-dark current ratio(1.1×10^(4)),high responsivity(3500 A/W),and high detectivity(5.8×10^(10)Jones).展开更多
Copper-zinc-nickel(Cu-Zn-Ni)ferrite nanoparticles are used for wastewater treatment technology.However,low degradation efficiency and stability are two main issues that make them unsuitable for actual production needs...Copper-zinc-nickel(Cu-Zn-Ni)ferrite nanoparticles are used for wastewater treatment technology.However,low degradation efficiency and stability are two main issues that make them unsuitable for actual production needs.In this paper,the citrate-nitrate auto-combustion method was applied for the formation of Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4);(0≤x≤0.1;step 0.02)(CZNL)nanoferrites.Although the substitution process entails the replacement of a small ion with a larger one,the lattice constant and crystallite size does not exhibit a consistent incremental pattern.This behavior is justified and discussed.The size of all the CZNL ferrite nanoparticles is in the range of 8-12 nm,and the lattice constant is in the range of 8.6230 to 8.4865 nm.The morphological analysis conducted using field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)reveals that the CZNL exhibits agglomerated spherical morphology.The energy dispersive X-ray spectrameter(EDAX)analysis was employed to confirm the elemental composition of CZNL nanoferrites.Since the process entails the substitution of Fe^(3+)magnetic ions with nonmagnetic ions La^(3+),the magnetic parameters of CZNL nanoferrites show a general decreasing trend as predicted.At 20 K,saturation magnetization Ms shows an overall drop in its values from 59.302 emu/g at x=0.0-41.295 emu/g at x=0.1,the smallest value of 37.87 emu/g is recorded at x=0.06.the highest coercivity(H_(c)=125.9 Oe)and remanence(M_(r)=13.32 emu/g)are recorded for x=0.08 and x=0.04 nanoferrite,respectvely.The band gap of all the CZNL nanoferrites was determined using the Kubelka-Munk function and Tauc plot for direct permitted transitions.La doping modifies the band gap(within 1.86-1.75 eV),increases light absorption,induces efficient e/h separation and charge migration to Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)surfaces.The nanoferrite Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(0.06)Fe_(1.94)O_(4)achieves a degradation efficiency of 97.3%for methylene blue(MB)dye removal after just 60 min.After five recycling processes,the nanocatalyst Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(0.06)Fe_(1.94)O_(4)is degraded by 95.83%,resulting in a negligible1.51%decrease in photocatalytic activity efficiency.The new Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(0.06)Fe_(1.94)O_(4)has exceptional photocatalytic activity and remarkable stability,making it a promising candidate for applications in wastewater treatment.展开更多
The primary objective of this study is to develop an innovative theoretical model to accurately predict the thermophysicalproperties of hybrid nanofluids designed to enhance cooling in solar panel applications.This re...The primary objective of this study is to develop an innovative theoretical model to accurately predict the thermophysicalproperties of hybrid nanofluids designed to enhance cooling in solar panel applications.This researchlays the groundwork for our future studies,which will focus on photovoltaic thermal applications.These nanofluidsconsist of water and nanoparticles of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)),titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)),and copper(Cu),exploringvolumetric concentrations ranging from 0%to 4%for each type of nanoparticle,and up to 10%for total mixtures.The developed model accounts for complex interactions between the nanoparticles and the base fluid,as well assynergistic effects resulting from the coexistence of different nanoparticles.Detailed simulations have shownexceptional agreement with experimental results,reinforcing the credibility of our approach in accurately capturingthe thermophysical behavior of these hybrid nanofluids.Based on these results,our study proposes significantadvancements in the design and optimization of nanofluids for cooling applications in solar panels.These developmentsare crucial for improving the efficiency of solar installations by mitigating overheating effects,providinga solid foundation for practical applications in this rapidly evolving field.展开更多
Epoxy(EP)coatings were modified with VN,MoN,2⁃aminobenzothiazole(ABT),and graphene oxide(GO)to enhance anti⁃corrosion and mechanical performance.Structural and morphological analysis(SEM/EDX,TEM,TGA,XRD,XPS)confirmed ...Epoxy(EP)coatings were modified with VN,MoN,2⁃aminobenzothiazole(ABT),and graphene oxide(GO)to enhance anti⁃corrosion and mechanical performance.Structural and morphological analysis(SEM/EDX,TEM,TGA,XRD,XPS)confirmed the uniform dispersion of VN/MoN nanoparticles,which significantly improved the barrier properties of the coatings.Electrochemical analysis(scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS))demonstrated superior corrosion resistance for the EP/GO/ABT⁃VN/MoN coating,with a charge transfer resistance of 1.53×10^(13)Ω·cm^(2) and coating resistance of 1.05×10^(13)Ω·cm^(2) in 3.5%NaCl solution.SECM measurements showed a 93.5%reduction in electrochemical activity(1.6 nA vs.24.8 nA for pure epoxy)after 45 d of immersion.The nanocomposite exhibited exceptional adhesion strength(20.3 MPa)and hardness(1382 MPa),with improved hydrophobicity(contact angle of 159°),effectively preventing corrosive ion penetration.The scientific significance of this study lies in the development of a multifunctional nanocomposite coating that integrates high corrosion resistance,mechanical durability,and hydrophobicity,addressing long⁃standing challenges in protective coatings for metal structures.The incorporation of GO/ABT⁃VN/MoN nanoparticles establishes a passive protective layer that not only prevents aggressive ion diffusion but also enhances mechanical strength and interfacial adhesion,ensuring long⁃term stability.These findings provide a new design strategy for next⁃generation epoxy⁃based coatings with superior durability in harsh environments,making them highly relevant for applications in marine,aerospace,and industrial infrastructure.展开更多
By using the phased characteristics summarizing method of the existing research on magnesium slag,this study investigates the hydration reaction,alkali activation reaction and CO_(2) mineralization reaction processes ...By using the phased characteristics summarizing method of the existing research on magnesium slag,this study investigates the hydration reaction,alkali activation reaction and CO_(2) mineralization reaction processes and mechanisms,and then explores its high-value utilization.The results show that physical and chemical activation can improve the mechanical properties of the gelled material system by increasing the crystal phase defects and surface energy and by reconstructing a new gelling system by depolymerizing glass.The CO_(2) mineralization reaction of magnesium slag can be used to construct a new gelling system for CaCO_(3) and calcium-modified silica gel.Magnesium slag can also be used to enhance the dry shrinkage and carbonation resistance of concrete owing to its expansibility and high alkali reserves.The mechanism and existence form of heavy metal ions in magnesium slag have been clarified.The study proposed a production system for magnesium slag and highlighted the potential research value in the field of wet carbonation to promote the application of magnesium slag.展开更多
The discovery of quantum dots(QDs)stands as one of the paramount technological breakthroughs of the 20th century.Their versatility spans from everyday applications to cutting-edge scientific research,encompassing area...The discovery of quantum dots(QDs)stands as one of the paramount technological breakthroughs of the 20th century.Their versatility spans from everyday applications to cutting-edge scientific research,encompassing areas such as displays,lighting,photocatalysis,bio-imaging,and photonics devices and so on.Among the myriad QDs technologies,industrially relevant CuInS_(2)(CIS)QDs have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional Cd-and Pb-based QDs.Their tunable optoelectronic properties,high absorption coefficient,compositional flexibility,remarkable stability as well as Restriction of Hazardous Substances-compliance,with recent trends revealing a renewed interest in this material for various visible and near-infrared technological applications.This review focuses on recent advancements in CIS QDs as multidisciplinary field from its genesis in the mid-1990 to date with an emphasis on key breakthroughs in their synthesis,surface chemistry,post-synthesis modifications,and various applications.First,the comparation of properties of CIS QDs with relevant knowledge from other classes of QDs and from Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ semiconductors as well is summarized.Second,recent advances in the synthesis methods,structure-optoelectronic properties,their defects,and passivation strategies as well as CIS-based heterostructures are discussed.Third,the state-of-the-art applications of CIS QDs ranging from solar cells,luminescence solar concentrations,photocatalysis,light emitting diodes,bioimaging and some emerging applications are summarized.Finally,we discuss open challenges and future perspectives for further advancement in this field.展开更多
Biodegradable metals(BMs)have shown significant potential for applications in the field of orthopedic implants.These materials gradually degrade after implantation,eventually disappear without residue,provide necessar...Biodegradable metals(BMs)have shown significant potential for applications in the field of orthopedic implants.These materials gradually degrade after implantation,eventually disappear without residue,provide necessary mechanical support during degradation,and closely integrate with bone tissues.Fe-based BMs are particularly notable for their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.However,their slow degradation rate is a limitation.The emergence of Mn-incorporated Fe-based alloys(Fe-Mn alloys)offers the possibilities for addressing issues of slow degradation rate and incompatibility of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for Fe alloys.This review summarizes the advantages of Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants,and the cutting-edge advances in degradation,mechanical and magnetic properties,and osteogenic performance.The cytotoxicity issue is addressed for the porous structured Fe-Mn alloys caused by the enrichment of manganese ions,and thus the main challenge and the development are involved for the Fe-Mn alloys to achieve a balance among biocompatibility,structure,and degradation rate.Also the perspectives are proposed for Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants.展开更多
Rice yield in the black soil region of Northeast China has been declining due to severe soil fertility degradation caused by both biotic and abiotic factors.Artificial humic substance(A-HS)has attracted much attention...Rice yield in the black soil region of Northeast China has been declining due to severe soil fertility degradation caused by both biotic and abiotic factors.Artificial humic substance(A-HS)has attracted much attention due to its high cost-effectiveness and great potential to improve soil fertility.However,the specific effects of A-HS on nutrient contents in rice nursery soils remain unclear.This study systematically investigated the effects of rational application of A-HS on soil nutrient turnover and yield and analyzed the changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities at Qianfeng Farm,Northeast China.The results indicated that the application of A-HS significantly increased soil dissolved organic matter and nutrient contents in the native and seedling soils.In addition,the root growth and yield of the seedlings at maturity were effectively promoted.More interestingly,the application of A-HS significantly altered plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,such as Noviherbaspirillum,Klebsiella,and Pedobacter,improving natural barrier formation and soil nutrient conversion.It could be concluded that A-HS significantly enhanced crop nutrient uptake and accumulation by altering soil bacterial communities.In general,the application of A-HS could be profitable and sustainable in rice production.The current study from multiple aspects provides valuable insights into the benefits of A-HS in promoting crop growth and development,which could have important implications for agriculture and food security.展开更多
Al？50%SiC （volume fraction） composites containing different sizesofSiC particles （average sizesof 23, 38 and 75 μm） were prepared by powder metallurgy. The influences of SiC particle sizes and annealing on the p...Al？50%SiC （volume fraction） composites containing different sizesofSiC particles （average sizesof 23, 38 and 75 μm） were prepared by powder metallurgy. The influences of SiC particle sizes and annealing on the propertiesof the compositeswere investigated. The results show that SiC particles are distributed uniformly in the Al matrix. The coarse SiC particles result in higher coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） and higher thermal conductivity （TC）, while fine SiC particles decrease CTE and improve flexural strength of the composites. The morphology and size of SiC particles in the composite are not influenced by the annealing treatment at 400℃for 6h. However, the CTE and the flexural strength of annealed composites are decreased slightly, and the TCis improved. The TC, CTE and flexural strength of the Al/SiC composite with averageSiC particlesize of75 μm are 156 W/（m·K）, 11.6×10^-6K^-1 and 229 MPa, respectively.展开更多
During the recent years,some Mg based alloys have extensively been considered as a new generation of degradable and absorbable bio-medical materials.In this work,the Mg-2Zn-1Gd-1Ca(wt%)alloy as a new metallic bio-mate...During the recent years,some Mg based alloys have extensively been considered as a new generation of degradable and absorbable bio-medical materials.In this work,the Mg-2Zn-1Gd-1Ca(wt%)alloy as a new metallic bio-material was produced by the casting process followed by the heat treatment.The samples of the alloy were solution treated at temperatures of 500,550,and 600°C and then quench aged at temperatures of 125,150,and 175°C.The results of SEM-EDS examinations indicated that the alloy microstructure consists ofα-Mg matrix and the Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)and Mg_(3)Gd_(2)Zn_(3)secondary phases.With regard to the results of Vickers hardness test,the temperatures of 500°C and 150°C were selected as the optimum solutionizing and aging temperatures,respectively.Moreover,the dissolution of casting precipitates and production of lattice distortion occurring after the solution treatment led to the reduction in ultimate shear strength up to 21%.But,the precipitation hardening and morphological changes taking place during the aging treatment improved the ultimate shear strength up to 32%.Furthermore,the results of electro-chemical and weight-loss measurements in a simulated body fluid indicated that the heat-treated alloy is a promising candidate for the Mg based alloys recently considered for the bio-medical applications.展开更多
基金RGM is grateful to CNPq for the PDE fellowship(200437/2025-9),MTM acknowledges CNPq research scholarship(314470/2023-9)FAPESP fundings(2022/01825-22025/063196).
文摘Peptide-and drug-protected gold nanoclusters(Au NCs)with atomic precision have attracted research attention in the last few years owing to their ultrasmall size(<2 nm),well-defined structures,tunable photoluminescence from the visible to near-infrared range,water solubility,and good biocompatibility.These features,combined with low toxicity and efficient renal clearance,make such Au NCs promising candidates for biomedical use,including diagnosis,therapy,and theranostic.The incorporation of peptides or drugs into Au NCs enhances the stability,targeting specificity,cellular uptake,and prolonged circulation,enabling precise modulation of biological responses.Despite notable advances in achieving atomic precision employing complex ligands such as peptides or drugs,the synthetic methods of this new class of NCs remain a challenge.Careful control of molar ratio(Au:peptide/drug),reducing agent,temperature,and reaction time is required,because these factors directly influence the cluster size,optical properties,and in vivo performance.In this review,we highlight different synthetic approaches of atomically precise peptide-and drug-protected Au NCs,emphasizing the role of rational ligand design and reaction conditions,as well as the challenges associated with structural determination.We further discuss the optical and photoluminescence properties of peptide-protected Au NCs-the mostly explored features for biomedical applications.Finally,we conclude by outlining the current challenges,opportunities for scale-up synthesis,and future design perspectives for these emerging nanomaterials.
基金funded by the Thailand Graduate Institute of Science and Technology(TGIST)(Grant No.TG-BT-AIT-63-002D).
文摘The growing population and industrialization have led to significant production in agro-industrial sectors,result-ing in large amounts of agro-industrial residues often left untreated,posing potential environmental issues.There-fore,finding effective ways to utilize these bio-based residues is crucial.One promising approach is to use these low-or no-value agro-industrial wastes as raw materials for producing renewable biomaterials,including proteins and peptides.Research has extensively explored peptide extraction using plant and animal-based agro-industrial residue.Due to lower processing costs and beneficial bioactive properties,peptides derived from waste could replace synthetic peptides and those extracted from food sources.The isolation,purification,and analysis processes of these peptides are thoroughly examined to optimize their extraction and ensure their purity and efficacy.These peptides’bioactive properties and mechanisms are being analyzed for their potential applications in the biomedical field.Additionally,the applications of bioactive peptides in medical fields,such as drug delivery systems,tissue engineering,and bioprinting,are discussed.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272239)Demonstration Project of Sichuan Province for the Transfer and Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements(2024ZHCG0079)+1 种基金Chongqing Technological Innovation Alliance for Agricultural Products Processing Industry(CTIA-APPI 2024-2-1)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2100101).
文摘Chickpea(Cicer arietinum Linn.)is a widely cultivated edible legume worldwide.Starch is the major carbohydrate in chickpea seeds and amounts up to 50%of the dry matter.Compared with other legume starches and cereal starches,there is a lack of systematic review on chickpea starch.Herein,this review summarized the extraction,composition,structure,properties,modification and food uses of chickpea starch.Literatures showed that chickpea starch exhibited unique molecular structures and functional properties differed from other starches from legumes,cereal and tubers.Moreover,chickpea starch has been found to have remarkable resistance to digestion.The chickpea resistant starch showed prebiotic effect and potential health benefits.To date,chickpea starch has been modified by physical,chemical,biological and dual modification methods to change its functional properties such as swelling power,solubility,thermal,pasting,gel textural properties,and digestibility,which are essential to widen its applications.In food sectors,chickpea starch could be used as fillings,thickeners,gelling agents or a source of resistant starch in various formulated foods.In the end,suggestions on how to deeply understand and exploit chickpea starch are proposed.
文摘The nanocrystalline samples Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;M:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))were prepared using the citrate combustion method.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern confirmed that the nanoparticles were synthesized in an orthorhombic structure.The particle size of Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3) is in the range of 29-59 nm.The selected area electron diffraction(SAED)indicates the samples were prepared in a polycrystalline nature.The samples Nd_(1-x)M_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;M:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))have anti ferromagnetic behavior.The Fe^(3+)spins are aligned antiparallel,forming the antiferromagnetic(AFM)properties,which are affected by many factors such as the bond angle between the Fe^(3+)(Fe^(3+)-O_(2)--Fe^(3+))and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(D-M)interaction.The doping of Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+)ions in NdFeO_(3) enhances the magnetic properties of the NdFeO_(3).The saturation magnetization(Ms)of Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) increases 1.8times more than that of NdFeO_(3).The exchange bias field(HEX)of the Co-doped sample is two times greater than that of NdFeO_(3).The magnetic anisotropy constant(K)of the 10%Co-doped sample increases by 11 factors compared to that of NdFeO_(3).The Tauc plot illustrates that the samples have a direct optical transition.The divalent cation substitution(Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))decreases the optical band gap of NdFeO_(3),leading to the recommendation of using the samples Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3) in photocatalysis of dye degradation from water.The removal efficiencies of Cr6+at pH=6 are 88.06%,85.54%,and 85.52%for the samples NdFeO_(3),Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3),and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3),respectively.The Freundlich isotherm mode is the best-fit model for NdFeO_(3) to adsorb Cr6+ions from aqueous solutions.
文摘In this study,the casting process is used to fabricate modified polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),starch(S),and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)polymer blend films(PVA/S/CMC)loaded with various concentrations of irondoped carbon quantum dots(Fe-CQDs)and denoted as(PVA/S/CMC@Fe-CQDs).A one-step microwave strategy was employed as a facile method to prepare Fe-CQDs.Through a series of characterization techniques,fourier-transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,x-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)have been used to show the successful integration of Fe-CQDs into the PVA/S/CMCmatrix.Loading the synthesized Fe-CQDs to the polymeric matrix significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the films represented in the tensile strength,Young’s modulus,and hardness.However,the elongation decreased noticeably upon increasing the iron-doped carbon dots.The surface wettability was also studied by measuring the contact angle of the prepared films.The findings showed a noticeable elevation in these measurements by increasing the Fe-CQDs content,declaring the role of a hydrophobic character in these nanoparticles when introduced into a hydrophilic polymeric system.The dielectric characteristics of the reinforced polymer composite films were evaluated.These results revealed that the ac-conductivity of the investigated films was boosted with increasing Fe-CQDs’ratio and frequency.The PVA/S/CMC@Fe-CQDs films possess substantial potential for efficient energy storage applications.
基金Project (2011) supported by the Hunan Nonferrous Research Funding of Hunan Nonferrous Metals Holding Group Co.,Ltd.,China
文摘The rapid solidified process and hot press method were performed to produce three hypereutectic 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys for heat dissipation materials. The results show that the atomization is an effective rapid solidified method to produce the Si-Al alloy and the size of atomized Si-Al alloy powder is less than 50 μm. The rapid solidified Si-Al alloy powder were hot pressed at 550 ℃ with the pressure of 700 MPa to obtain the relative densities of 99.4%, 99.2% and 94.4% for 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys, respectively. The typical physical properties, such as the thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） and electrical conductivity of rapid solidified Si-Al alloys are acceptable as a heat dissipation material for many semiconductor devices. The 55%Si-Al alloy changes greatly （CTE） with the increase of temperature but obtains a good thermal conductivity. The CTE of 90%Si-Al alloy matches with the silicon very well but its thermal conductivity value is less than 100 W/（m.K）. Therefore, the 70%Si-Al alloy possesses the best comprehensive properties of CTE and thermal conductivity for using as the heat sink materials.
文摘Since the discovery of carbon dots(CDs)in 2004,the unique photoluminescence phenomenon of CDs has attracted widespread attention.However,the molecular weight of CDs has not been adequately quantified at present,due to CDs are atomically imprecise and their molecular weight distribution is broad.In this paper,a series of Pluronic-modified CDs were prepared and the structure of the CDs was briefly analyzed.Subsequently,a molecular weight measurement method based on colligative properties was developed,and the correction coefficient in the algorithm was briefly analyzed.The calculated molecular weight was applied to the determination of surface adsorption capacity.This work provided a method for averaging the molecular weight of atomically imprecise particulate materials,which is expected to provide new opportunities in related fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972087)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System-Bee(CARS-44-KXJ17)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-IAR)。
文摘Propolis is a resinous complex mixture made from plant resins collected by worker bees and mixed with their own secretions.It is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids and thus has a wide range of biological activities and is considered a functional source for promoting human health.However,propolis and its bioactive compounds have poor water solubility,rapid and intense metabolism,and low oral bioavailability,which limits their wide application.In this paper,the main bioactive substances in propolis were summarized,and the biological characteristics and therapeutic potential of propolis and its bioactive substances were discussed.In addition,this paper discussed the factors affecting the bioavailability of propolis and its functional ingredients,focusing on the research progress in improving the bioavailability and bioactivity of propolis and its functional ingredients using nanoencapsulation technology.Finally,the current situation of the global propolis market and the applications of propolis products in the pharmaceutical,food,cosmetic and other industrial fields were discussed,providing useful references for promoting the development of the propolis industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272065)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211530)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP62218)the Key Research and Development Special Project of Yi'chun City,Jiangxi Province,China(2023ZDYFZX06).
文摘One-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties that distinguish them from other perovskitetypes, making them a focal point in photoelectric research. In recent years, there has been a significant surge ininterest surrounding the synthesis and application of one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, spurred by ad-vancementsin synthesis techniques and notable breakthroughs in novel methodologies and application proper-ties.This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress made in research on one-dimensionalanisotropic perovskites, detailing the synthesis mechanisms and potential pathways for performance enhance-mentin various applications. We highlight the crucial role of controllable synthesis and heterogeneous effect intailoring perovskite properties to boost application efficacy. Initially, this review examines the primary synthesismethods and mechanisms for creating heterogeneously induced one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, cate-gorizingthem into two main approaches: the classical wet chemical synthesis, which utilizes selective ligands, andthe ligand-free, substrate-assisted method. The precision in controllable synthesis is essential for fabricatingheterogeneous structures, where the synthesized precursor, shape, and surface ligand significantly influence theinterfacial strength of the heterogenic interface. We also discuss the key features that must be improved for high-performanceapplications, exploring how heterogeneous effects can enhance performance and drive the devel-opmentof heterogeneous devices in various applications, such as photodetectors, solar cells, light-emitting di-odes,and photocatalysis. Conclusively, by highlighting the emerging potential and promising opportunitiesoffered by strategic heterogeneous construction, we forecast a dynamic and transformative future for their pro-ductionand application landscapes.
基金the Deanship of Research and Graduate studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through a large group research project under grant number RGP2/96/45。
文摘It is advisable to look into efficient and environmentally friendly materials that have the ability to turn lost energy into electricity in order to mitigate the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the ensuing environmental damage.In the present work density functional theory(DFT)was employed to analyze the structural,optical,electronic,and thermoelectric characteristics of novel half-Heusler AMnSb(A=La,Lu)materials.The structural stability of both compounds under consideration was verified by using the Birch-Murnaghan equations of states,which indicate that both compounds have structural stability due to ground-state energy levels being negative.Band structure and total density of state analysis display that LaMnSb has an energy band gap of 0.96 eV for spin-up(↑)and 0.21 eV for spin-down(↓)configurations.LuMnSb has band gap of 0.47 eV for spin-up and an indirect band gap of 0.3 eV for spin-down channel.In terms of its optical properties,LuMnSb exhibits maximal conductivity and absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range(99-462 nm),which makes it a desirable material for optoelectronic applications.Moreover,the transport characteristics of the examined materials were computed by means of the Boltztrap code based on Boltzmann transport theory.The thermoelectric parameters,like the thermal conductivity,Seebeck coefficient,and electrical conductivity are computed in the 200-1200 K temperature range.These anticipated results suggest that AMnSb(A=La,Lu)compounds would be the best choice for thermoelectric and green energy applications.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(No.2021R1A2C1012176)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62105018 and 61975007)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2021RC212Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.Z190006 and 4222073).
文摘The transport properties of two-dimensional(2D)molybdenum diselenide(MoSe_(2))were comprehensively investigated.To understand experimental data,a detailed transport theory was developed by considering charged impurity,acoustic phonon,and optical phonon scatterings,and excellent quantitative agreements were obtained between theory and experiment.The observed metal-insulator transition(MIT)in MoSe_(2)is attributed to the screened Coulombic disorder arising from the random distribution of charged impurities in the semiconductor structures,indicating that MoSe_(2)2D MIT is a finite-temperature density-inhomogeneity-driven effective transition.We argue that the critical carrier density(nc)is sensitive to impurity density(ni)as a result of the competition with intrinsic phonons.Due to low impurity density,our devices show linear ohmic contact between the channel and electrodes.Furthermore,high performance MoSe_(2)all-2D photodetectors are fabricated by using a transparent electrode on a hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)substrate.The fabricated all-2D MoSe_(2)photodetectors demonstrate a substantial enhancement of photocurrent due to multiple reflections at the hBN and MoSe_(2)interface.Additionally,they exhibit a high photo-to-dark current ratio(1.1×10^(4)),high responsivity(3500 A/W),and high detectivity(5.8×10^(10)Jones).
文摘Copper-zinc-nickel(Cu-Zn-Ni)ferrite nanoparticles are used for wastewater treatment technology.However,low degradation efficiency and stability are two main issues that make them unsuitable for actual production needs.In this paper,the citrate-nitrate auto-combustion method was applied for the formation of Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4);(0≤x≤0.1;step 0.02)(CZNL)nanoferrites.Although the substitution process entails the replacement of a small ion with a larger one,the lattice constant and crystallite size does not exhibit a consistent incremental pattern.This behavior is justified and discussed.The size of all the CZNL ferrite nanoparticles is in the range of 8-12 nm,and the lattice constant is in the range of 8.6230 to 8.4865 nm.The morphological analysis conducted using field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)reveals that the CZNL exhibits agglomerated spherical morphology.The energy dispersive X-ray spectrameter(EDAX)analysis was employed to confirm the elemental composition of CZNL nanoferrites.Since the process entails the substitution of Fe^(3+)magnetic ions with nonmagnetic ions La^(3+),the magnetic parameters of CZNL nanoferrites show a general decreasing trend as predicted.At 20 K,saturation magnetization Ms shows an overall drop in its values from 59.302 emu/g at x=0.0-41.295 emu/g at x=0.1,the smallest value of 37.87 emu/g is recorded at x=0.06.the highest coercivity(H_(c)=125.9 Oe)and remanence(M_(r)=13.32 emu/g)are recorded for x=0.08 and x=0.04 nanoferrite,respectvely.The band gap of all the CZNL nanoferrites was determined using the Kubelka-Munk function and Tauc plot for direct permitted transitions.La doping modifies the band gap(within 1.86-1.75 eV),increases light absorption,induces efficient e/h separation and charge migration to Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)surfaces.The nanoferrite Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(0.06)Fe_(1.94)O_(4)achieves a degradation efficiency of 97.3%for methylene blue(MB)dye removal after just 60 min.After five recycling processes,the nanocatalyst Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(0.06)Fe_(1.94)O_(4)is degraded by 95.83%,resulting in a negligible1.51%decrease in photocatalytic activity efficiency.The new Cu_(0.5)Zn_(0.25)Ni_(0.25)La_(0.06)Fe_(1.94)O_(4)has exceptional photocatalytic activity and remarkable stability,making it a promising candidate for applications in wastewater treatment.
文摘The primary objective of this study is to develop an innovative theoretical model to accurately predict the thermophysicalproperties of hybrid nanofluids designed to enhance cooling in solar panel applications.This researchlays the groundwork for our future studies,which will focus on photovoltaic thermal applications.These nanofluidsconsist of water and nanoparticles of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3)),titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)),and copper(Cu),exploringvolumetric concentrations ranging from 0%to 4%for each type of nanoparticle,and up to 10%for total mixtures.The developed model accounts for complex interactions between the nanoparticles and the base fluid,as well assynergistic effects resulting from the coexistence of different nanoparticles.Detailed simulations have shownexceptional agreement with experimental results,reinforcing the credibility of our approach in accurately capturingthe thermophysical behavior of these hybrid nanofluids.Based on these results,our study proposes significantadvancements in the design and optimization of nanofluids for cooling applications in solar panels.These developmentsare crucial for improving the efficiency of solar installations by mitigating overheating effects,providinga solid foundation for practical applications in this rapidly evolving field.
文摘Epoxy(EP)coatings were modified with VN,MoN,2⁃aminobenzothiazole(ABT),and graphene oxide(GO)to enhance anti⁃corrosion and mechanical performance.Structural and morphological analysis(SEM/EDX,TEM,TGA,XRD,XPS)confirmed the uniform dispersion of VN/MoN nanoparticles,which significantly improved the barrier properties of the coatings.Electrochemical analysis(scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS))demonstrated superior corrosion resistance for the EP/GO/ABT⁃VN/MoN coating,with a charge transfer resistance of 1.53×10^(13)Ω·cm^(2) and coating resistance of 1.05×10^(13)Ω·cm^(2) in 3.5%NaCl solution.SECM measurements showed a 93.5%reduction in electrochemical activity(1.6 nA vs.24.8 nA for pure epoxy)after 45 d of immersion.The nanocomposite exhibited exceptional adhesion strength(20.3 MPa)and hardness(1382 MPa),with improved hydrophobicity(contact angle of 159°),effectively preventing corrosive ion penetration.The scientific significance of this study lies in the development of a multifunctional nanocomposite coating that integrates high corrosion resistance,mechanical durability,and hydrophobicity,addressing long⁃standing challenges in protective coatings for metal structures.The incorporation of GO/ABT⁃VN/MoN nanoparticles establishes a passive protective layer that not only prevents aggressive ion diffusion but also enhances mechanical strength and interfacial adhesion,ensuring long⁃term stability.These findings provide a new design strategy for next⁃generation epoxy⁃based coatings with superior durability in harsh environments,making them highly relevant for applications in marine,aerospace,and industrial infrastructure.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52208203)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.2023MD734209)+2 种基金Shaanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project(No.2024GH-YBXM-03)Scientific Research Program Funded by Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial Government(No.23JP081)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(No.S202310703)。
文摘By using the phased characteristics summarizing method of the existing research on magnesium slag,this study investigates the hydration reaction,alkali activation reaction and CO_(2) mineralization reaction processes and mechanisms,and then explores its high-value utilization.The results show that physical and chemical activation can improve the mechanical properties of the gelled material system by increasing the crystal phase defects and surface energy and by reconstructing a new gelling system by depolymerizing glass.The CO_(2) mineralization reaction of magnesium slag can be used to construct a new gelling system for CaCO_(3) and calcium-modified silica gel.Magnesium slag can also be used to enhance the dry shrinkage and carbonation resistance of concrete owing to its expansibility and high alkali reserves.The mechanism and existence form of heavy metal ions in magnesium slag have been clarified.The study proposed a production system for magnesium slag and highlighted the potential research value in the field of wet carbonation to promote the application of magnesium slag.
基金X.H.acknowledges the financial support by Australian Research Council(ARC)Future Fellowship(FT190100756)M.P.S.gratefully acknowledges the support by the ARC under Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DECRA)(DE210101565)and Discovery Project(DP230101676).
文摘The discovery of quantum dots(QDs)stands as one of the paramount technological breakthroughs of the 20th century.Their versatility spans from everyday applications to cutting-edge scientific research,encompassing areas such as displays,lighting,photocatalysis,bio-imaging,and photonics devices and so on.Among the myriad QDs technologies,industrially relevant CuInS_(2)(CIS)QDs have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional Cd-and Pb-based QDs.Their tunable optoelectronic properties,high absorption coefficient,compositional flexibility,remarkable stability as well as Restriction of Hazardous Substances-compliance,with recent trends revealing a renewed interest in this material for various visible and near-infrared technological applications.This review focuses on recent advancements in CIS QDs as multidisciplinary field from its genesis in the mid-1990 to date with an emphasis on key breakthroughs in their synthesis,surface chemistry,post-synthesis modifications,and various applications.First,the comparation of properties of CIS QDs with relevant knowledge from other classes of QDs and from Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ semiconductors as well is summarized.Second,recent advances in the synthesis methods,structure-optoelectronic properties,their defects,and passivation strategies as well as CIS-based heterostructures are discussed.Third,the state-of-the-art applications of CIS QDs ranging from solar cells,luminescence solar concentrations,photocatalysis,light emitting diodes,bioimaging and some emerging applications are summarized.Finally,we discuss open challenges and future perspectives for further advancement in this field.
基金financially supported by the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2023ME181)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52305313)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2023JJ40553 and 2023JJ60433)。
文摘Biodegradable metals(BMs)have shown significant potential for applications in the field of orthopedic implants.These materials gradually degrade after implantation,eventually disappear without residue,provide necessary mechanical support during degradation,and closely integrate with bone tissues.Fe-based BMs are particularly notable for their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.However,their slow degradation rate is a limitation.The emergence of Mn-incorporated Fe-based alloys(Fe-Mn alloys)offers the possibilities for addressing issues of slow degradation rate and incompatibility of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for Fe alloys.This review summarizes the advantages of Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants,and the cutting-edge advances in degradation,mechanical and magnetic properties,and osteogenic performance.The cytotoxicity issue is addressed for the porous structured Fe-Mn alloys caused by the enrichment of manganese ions,and thus the main challenge and the development are involved for the Fe-Mn alloys to achieve a balance among biocompatibility,structure,and degradation rate.Also the perspectives are proposed for Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants.
基金the financial support by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1500100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52279034)+5 种基金the Outstanding Youth Project of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.JQ2021D001)the Young Longjiang Scholar,China,the Science and Technology Project of Henan Province,China(No.252102321157)the Scientific Research Foundation for Doctoral Talents at Shangqiu Normal University,China(No.700125017)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.LH2022D003)the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund,China(No.LBH-Z21037)the Science and Technology Project of Henan Province,China(No.252102110185)。
文摘Rice yield in the black soil region of Northeast China has been declining due to severe soil fertility degradation caused by both biotic and abiotic factors.Artificial humic substance(A-HS)has attracted much attention due to its high cost-effectiveness and great potential to improve soil fertility.However,the specific effects of A-HS on nutrient contents in rice nursery soils remain unclear.This study systematically investigated the effects of rational application of A-HS on soil nutrient turnover and yield and analyzed the changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities at Qianfeng Farm,Northeast China.The results indicated that the application of A-HS significantly increased soil dissolved organic matter and nutrient contents in the native and seedling soils.In addition,the root growth and yield of the seedlings at maturity were effectively promoted.More interestingly,the application of A-HS significantly altered plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,such as Noviherbaspirillum,Klebsiella,and Pedobacter,improving natural barrier formation and soil nutrient conversion.It could be concluded that A-HS significantly enhanced crop nutrient uptake and accumulation by altering soil bacterial communities.In general,the application of A-HS could be profitable and sustainable in rice production.The current study from multiple aspects provides valuable insights into the benefits of A-HS in promoting crop growth and development,which could have important implications for agriculture and food security.
基金Project support by the 2015 Shandong Province Project for Outstanding Subject Talent Group,China
文摘Al？50%SiC （volume fraction） composites containing different sizesofSiC particles （average sizesof 23, 38 and 75 μm） were prepared by powder metallurgy. The influences of SiC particle sizes and annealing on the propertiesof the compositeswere investigated. The results show that SiC particles are distributed uniformly in the Al matrix. The coarse SiC particles result in higher coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） and higher thermal conductivity （TC）, while fine SiC particles decrease CTE and improve flexural strength of the composites. The morphology and size of SiC particles in the composite are not influenced by the annealing treatment at 400℃for 6h. However, the CTE and the flexural strength of annealed composites are decreased slightly, and the TCis improved. The TC, CTE and flexural strength of the Al/SiC composite with averageSiC particlesize of75 μm are 156 W/（m·K）, 11.6×10^-6K^-1 and 229 MPa, respectively.
基金The authors would like to thank Iran National Science Foundation and the research board of Sharif University of Technology,Tehran,Iran,for the financial support and the provision of research facilities used in this work.
文摘During the recent years,some Mg based alloys have extensively been considered as a new generation of degradable and absorbable bio-medical materials.In this work,the Mg-2Zn-1Gd-1Ca(wt%)alloy as a new metallic bio-material was produced by the casting process followed by the heat treatment.The samples of the alloy were solution treated at temperatures of 500,550,and 600°C and then quench aged at temperatures of 125,150,and 175°C.The results of SEM-EDS examinations indicated that the alloy microstructure consists ofα-Mg matrix and the Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)and Mg_(3)Gd_(2)Zn_(3)secondary phases.With regard to the results of Vickers hardness test,the temperatures of 500°C and 150°C were selected as the optimum solutionizing and aging temperatures,respectively.Moreover,the dissolution of casting precipitates and production of lattice distortion occurring after the solution treatment led to the reduction in ultimate shear strength up to 21%.But,the precipitation hardening and morphological changes taking place during the aging treatment improved the ultimate shear strength up to 32%.Furthermore,the results of electro-chemical and weight-loss measurements in a simulated body fluid indicated that the heat-treated alloy is a promising candidate for the Mg based alloys recently considered for the bio-medical applications.
