Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermato...Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.展开更多
Comparing with traditional underwater acoustic system which only utilizes pressure information, combine sensor system processes pressure together with particle velocity information of sound field. More information ce...Comparing with traditional underwater acoustic system which only utilizes pressure information, combine sensor system processes pressure together with particle velocity information of sound field. More information certainly brings nicer processing result. By using spatial directional information collected by combine sensor, the Coherent Interference Energy Suppress (CIES) technology, which can effectively suppress coherent interference and detect linear spectrum signal and wide-band continuous-spectrum signal as well, is presented. Current research has shown favorite result, and further research is going on.展开更多
The Health Action Process Approach(HAPA),developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s,provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change.By dividing behavior change ...The Health Action Process Approach(HAPA),developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s,provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change.By dividing behavior change into three dynamic stages-pre-intention,intention,and action-HAPA highlights the critical role of self-efficacy as a driving force in adopting healthier behaviors.This stage-based approach addresses the limitations of continuous health behavior models by emphasizing individual differentiation and recognizing that behavior change is not linear but progresses through distinct phases.HAPA theory has demonstrated significant potential in clinical applications,particularly in orthopedic postoperative patients.Its implementation facilitates the development of positive behavioral intentions,enhances self-efficacy,and supports sustained health action,ultimately improving patients’health outcomes and quality of life.Tailored interventions based on HAPA stages ensure that patients receive appropriate guidance and support throughout their recovery journey.Despite its successes,limitations remain.Future research should focus on expanding the application of HAPA to various orthopedic conditions and developing more targeted behavioral plans and health education programs to optimize patient rehabilitation.Additionally,further exploration is needed to sustain HAPA’s effectiveness during long-term recovery.Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and integrating HAPA with other theoretical models could create a more comprehensive health behavior education system,providing robust support for orthopedic patients and advancing their overall recovery and well-being.展开更多
Based on an analysis of current English writing and teaching conditions in vocational institutes,it is proposed that the methods used to teach English writing should be changed to a process oriented approach.In the pl...Based on an analysis of current English writing and teaching conditions in vocational institutes,it is proposed that the methods used to teach English writing should be changed to a process oriented approach.In the planning,drafting,revising,and post-writing stages,students are fully involved in the process of monitoring their own and the written works of others through a series of cooperative activities among the students and guiding activities directed by the teacher.As a result,in the process of cooperative discussions aimed at identifying and resolving problems,their writing habits will be improved,their interest in English writing will be stimulated,and their research and writing skills will be further developed.展开更多
English writing, as a basic language skill for second language learners, is being paid close attention to. How to achieve better results in English teaching and how to develop students＇ writing competence remain an a...English writing, as a basic language skill for second language learners, is being paid close attention to. How to achieve better results in English teaching and how to develop students＇ writing competence remain an arduous task for English teachers. This paper introduces three writing approaches that are currently popular in English writing teaching field, i.e., the product approach, the process approach and the genre approach, and offers some discussion on the three approaches each approach shows its strengths and weaknesses, but meanwhile they are largely complementary. Then this paper attempts to propose an integrated approach which is not only a synthesis of the above three approaches, but also draws on some experiences of traditional Chinese language teaching methods.展开更多
To the issue on the superiority and inferiority of the ＂product approach＂ and the ＂process approach＂ writing teaching, an empirical study research of I00 non-English major students has been accomplished to testify...To the issue on the superiority and inferiority of the ＂product approach＂ and the ＂process approach＂ writing teaching, an empirical study research of I00 non-English major students has been accomplished to testify the relationship between these different approaches and the different writing levels. The results are the ＂product approach＂ is more helpful to the learners with lower writing level; whereas, the ＂process approach＂ is more effective to ones with higher level. Furthermore, the teaching approach itself cannot affirm the superiority and inferiority, and it would not be at work unless is applied for corresponding learners.展开更多
Objective To investigate the feasibility and surgical effects of posterior articular process approach for the treatment of L1-L3 lumbar disc herniation.Methods A retrospective study,of17patients with upper lumbar inte...Objective To investigate the feasibility and surgical effects of posterior articular process approach for the treatment of L1-L3 lumbar disc herniation.Methods A retrospective study,of17patients with upper lumbar intervertebml disc展开更多
It is acknowledged that teachers' instruction and guidance play an important role in students' improvements of schooling. A number of teachers, however, regard effectively responding to students' papers as...It is acknowledged that teachers' instruction and guidance play an important role in students' improvements of schooling. A number of teachers, however, regard effectively responding to students' papers as a touchy issue. In order to address this problem, this essay will review some of the major studies on teachers' response to students' writing in a historical way and, from these studies, some beneficial methods will be suggested, such as a process approach, collaborative ways of writing and motivational techniques.展开更多
Coalbed methane reservoir （CBMR） evaluation is important for choosing the prospective target area for coalbed methane exploration and production. This study aims at identifying the characteristic parameters and meth...Coalbed methane reservoir （CBMR） evaluation is important for choosing the prospective target area for coalbed methane exploration and production. This study aims at identifying the characteristic parameters and methods to evaluate CBMR. Based on the geological surveys, laboratory measurements and field works, a four-level analytic hierarchy process （AHP） model for CBMR evaluation is proposed. In this model, different weights are prioritized and assigned on the basis of three main criteria （including reservoir physical property, storage capacity and geological characteristics）, 15 sub-criteria, and 18 technical alternatives; the later of which are discussed in detail. The model was applied to evaluate the CBMR of the Permo-Carboniferous coals in the Qinshui Basin, North China. This GIS-based fuzzy AHP comprehensive model can be used for the evaluation of CBMR of medium-high rank （mean maximum vitrinite reflectance 〉0.5 %） coal districts in China.展开更多
Flotation is an efficient pre-treatment technology for oily water.In this work,the interaction process between the moving oil droplet and the gas bubble was studied by high-speed camera and Bassset-Boussinesq-Oseen(BB...Flotation is an efficient pre-treatment technology for oily water.In this work,the interaction process between the moving oil droplet and the gas bubble was studied by high-speed camera and Bassset-Boussinesq-Oseen(BBO)theoretical model,and the experimental and simulation results of the oil droplet trajectory were compared.Moreover,the micro-particle image velocimetry system was utilized to observe the flow inside and outside of the moving oil droplet.The results show that the BBO model with the mobile bubble’s surface can reflect the velocity change trend of the oil droplet during the interaction process between the moving oil droplet and the gas bubble,but there are some significant differences between the experimental and simulation results.While the oil droplet is moving on the bubble’s surface,the velocity of the area near the contact point of oil droplet–gas bubble is less than that of the other areas inside the oil droplet.Meanwhile,the flow of water above the oil drop is more biased towards the gas bubble.展开更多
Noncoherent underwater acoustic communication channel in adverse conditions is modeled as a phase-random Rayleigh fading channel,and its capacity curve is derived.To approach the channel capacity curve,the concatenate...Noncoherent underwater acoustic communication channel in adverse conditions is modeled as a phase-random Rayleigh fading channel,and its capacity curve is derived.To approach the channel capacity curve,the concatenated code of the nonbinary LDPC code and the constant weight code is proposed for noncoherent communication which can late be iteratively decoded in the probability domain.Without information of channel amplitude or phase in the receiver,statistic parameters of the respective signal and noise bins were estimated based on the moment estimation method,the posterior probabilities of the constant weight code words were further calculated,and the nonbinary LDPC code was decoded with the nonbinary factor graph algorithm.It is verified by simulations that by utilizing the proposed concatenated code and its processing algorithm,gap to channel capacity curve is reduced by 3 dB when compared to the existing method.Underwater communication experiments were carried out in both deep ocean（vertical communication,5 km）and shallow lake（horizontal communication,near 3 km,delay spread larger than 50 ms）,in which the signal frequency band was 6 kHz to10 kHz,and the data transmission rate Was 357 bps.The proposed scheme can work properly in both experiments with a signal-to-noise ratio threshold of 2 dB.The performance of the proposed algorithm Was well verified by the experiments.展开更多
College English writing has long been the weakest aspect of English programs for English majors in China. This situation is especially true at North University of China. This study explores the use of collaborative te...College English writing has long been the weakest aspect of English programs for English majors in China. This situation is especially true at North University of China. This study explores the use of collaborative teaching between native and non-native English writing instructors. It seeks to identify ways to make full use of native teachers＇ and Chinese teachers＇ strengths in teaching English writing, to implement team- teaching to benefit both teachers and students, and to help Chinese teachers to improve their English proficiency and enable native English soeakin~ teachers to better understand Chinese students＇ specific difficulties in English writing.展开更多
English writing is always a headache for both learners and teachers in ESL class. In this paper I will make an in-depth investigation of teaching writing in a Chinese ESL classroom based on my teaching experience as w...English writing is always a headache for both learners and teachers in ESL class. In this paper I will make an in-depth investigation of teaching writing in a Chinese ESL classroom based on my teaching experience as well as some literature review, and then propose some feasible measures constructed on the learner-centered principles and approaches, with the hope that they might help to bring along better results in my future teaching attempts.展开更多
Need of transformation of means of support of project financing for commercial banks is proved.The analysis and modeling of business processes of project management by the contextual chart and the chart of decompositi...Need of transformation of means of support of project financing for commercial banks is proved.The analysis and modeling of business processes of project management by the contextual chart and the chart of decomposition is carried out that allowed to describe the main stages of project financing.With use of tools of programming the business application of project management which will promote operational assessment on selection of introduced drafts is created.展开更多
The process movement is originally a reform effort in improving teaching composition to native English speaking students. It advocates an approach to composition teaching that emphasizes students' writing process ...The process movement is originally a reform effort in improving teaching composition to native English speaking students. It advocates an approach to composition teaching that emphasizes students' writing process rather than the product. Assuming that the ESL/EFL writing process is similar to that of the first language, early ESL process enthusiasts borrowed methods and techniques from the English composition class to be used in an ESL writing class that allow students ample time and freedom to write in the real sense. The process-oriented approach has also initiated a research effort in investigating the nature of ESL writing. Though still remaining the mainstream approach to ESL writing, the process approach does not provide solutions to all the issues in developing students' writing competence. However a systematic study of the process approach can throw light on our understanding of writing and help us seek a better and more balanced approach to teaching writing.展开更多
IntroductionIn China.the method for teaching writing for science students is always regarded as most difficult.Howto teach writing and to comment on or mark students’writing are frequently discussed topics.In thispap...IntroductionIn China.the method for teaching writing for science students is always regarded as most difficult.Howto teach writing and to comment on or mark students’writing are frequently discussed topics.In thispaper.I will report on what I have done in my writing class.Process ApproachThe‘process approach’to writing is not a new approach:it has been around since the early 1970s.It isalso called a‘multiple drafts process’and consists of generating ideas(pre-writing/input):writing a firstdraft with an emphasis on content(to‘discover’meaning/author’s ideas):writing second and third(andpossibly more)drafts to revise ideas and ways to communicate of these ideas.展开更多
This paper adopts a pedagogical approach to theteaching of English writing to EFL learners of interme-diate or advanced level in China.The teaching ofwriting has been a problem to Chinese EFL teachers fora long time.O...This paper adopts a pedagogical approach to theteaching of English writing to EFL learners of interme-diate or advanced level in China.The teaching ofwriting has been a problem to Chinese EFL teachers fora long time.On the one hand,they want to make anattempt to adopt fashionable and effective Englishwriting approaches,like process writing.On the otherhand,they are frustrated by the traditional Chinesewriting method.Some of our language educators arealways struggling against the influence of our tradi-tional Chinese writing method.A negative attitudetowards our mother tongue writing approach has beenestablished or accepted by most of our EFL teachers,which result in the EFL learners’panic in their Eng-lish writing course because they are afraid of being ac-cused of writing a Chinese composition in Englishwords.Needless to say,this kind of teaching stylecannot be effective and is frustrating instead.The au-thor presents an integrated and practical solution tothis problem and discusses the applicability of the ap-proach.The author discusses how we can effectivelyintegrate the traditional Chinese writing method andthe popular process writing approach in teaching Eng-lish writing.展开更多
In recent years student-centred peer response has become such a widely used teaching method in English writing instruction that numerous articles have been produced to discuss the advantages and strategies of this app...In recent years student-centred peer response has become such a widely used teaching method in English writing instruction that numerous articles have been produced to discuss the advantages and strategies of this approach. But is this method effective in our teaching context? What do our students think of it? This study investigated perceptions of helpfulness of peer response among 22 advanced English major students. Data collected over one semester through observations, interviews and questionnaires revealed that participants have very negative reactions to peer response, which challenges some beliefs about the affective and pedagogical advantages of peer response. The author's findings further suggest that training students to do peer response is essential in English writing instruction.展开更多
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Doctor Foundation ofNEC.
文摘Comparing with traditional underwater acoustic system which only utilizes pressure information, combine sensor system processes pressure together with particle velocity information of sound field. More information certainly brings nicer processing result. By using spatial directional information collected by combine sensor, the Coherent Interference Energy Suppress (CIES) technology, which can effectively suppress coherent interference and detect linear spectrum signal and wide-band continuous-spectrum signal as well, is presented. Current research has shown favorite result, and further research is going on.
基金Youth Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University in 2022(YKD2022QN020)。
文摘The Health Action Process Approach(HAPA),developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s,provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change.By dividing behavior change into three dynamic stages-pre-intention,intention,and action-HAPA highlights the critical role of self-efficacy as a driving force in adopting healthier behaviors.This stage-based approach addresses the limitations of continuous health behavior models by emphasizing individual differentiation and recognizing that behavior change is not linear but progresses through distinct phases.HAPA theory has demonstrated significant potential in clinical applications,particularly in orthopedic postoperative patients.Its implementation facilitates the development of positive behavioral intentions,enhances self-efficacy,and supports sustained health action,ultimately improving patients’health outcomes and quality of life.Tailored interventions based on HAPA stages ensure that patients receive appropriate guidance and support throughout their recovery journey.Despite its successes,limitations remain.Future research should focus on expanding the application of HAPA to various orthopedic conditions and developing more targeted behavioral plans and health education programs to optimize patient rehabilitation.Additionally,further exploration is needed to sustain HAPA’s effectiveness during long-term recovery.Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and integrating HAPA with other theoretical models could create a more comprehensive health behavior education system,providing robust support for orthopedic patients and advancing their overall recovery and well-being.
文摘Based on an analysis of current English writing and teaching conditions in vocational institutes,it is proposed that the methods used to teach English writing should be changed to a process oriented approach.In the planning,drafting,revising,and post-writing stages,students are fully involved in the process of monitoring their own and the written works of others through a series of cooperative activities among the students and guiding activities directed by the teacher.As a result,in the process of cooperative discussions aimed at identifying and resolving problems,their writing habits will be improved,their interest in English writing will be stimulated,and their research and writing skills will be further developed.
文摘English writing, as a basic language skill for second language learners, is being paid close attention to. How to achieve better results in English teaching and how to develop students＇ writing competence remain an arduous task for English teachers. This paper introduces three writing approaches that are currently popular in English writing teaching field, i.e., the product approach, the process approach and the genre approach, and offers some discussion on the three approaches each approach shows its strengths and weaknesses, but meanwhile they are largely complementary. Then this paper attempts to propose an integrated approach which is not only a synthesis of the above three approaches, but also draws on some experiences of traditional Chinese language teaching methods.
文摘To the issue on the superiority and inferiority of the ＂product approach＂ and the ＂process approach＂ writing teaching, an empirical study research of I00 non-English major students has been accomplished to testify the relationship between these different approaches and the different writing levels. The results are the ＂product approach＂ is more helpful to the learners with lower writing level; whereas, the ＂process approach＂ is more effective to ones with higher level. Furthermore, the teaching approach itself cannot affirm the superiority and inferiority, and it would not be at work unless is applied for corresponding learners.
文摘Objective To investigate the feasibility and surgical effects of posterior articular process approach for the treatment of L1-L3 lumbar disc herniation.Methods A retrospective study,of17patients with upper lumbar intervertebml disc
文摘It is acknowledged that teachers' instruction and guidance play an important role in students' improvements of schooling. A number of teachers, however, regard effectively responding to students' papers as a touchy issue. In order to address this problem, this essay will review some of the major studies on teachers' response to students' writing in a historical way and, from these studies, some beneficial methods will be suggested, such as a process approach, collaborative ways of writing and motivational techniques.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2006CB202202,2002CB211702,2009CB219600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40572091)+1 种基金China Geological Survey(Grant Nos.20021010004,1212010534702)PetroChina Innovation Fundation(No.2008D-5006-01-04)
文摘Coalbed methane reservoir （CBMR） evaluation is important for choosing the prospective target area for coalbed methane exploration and production. This study aims at identifying the characteristic parameters and methods to evaluate CBMR. Based on the geological surveys, laboratory measurements and field works, a four-level analytic hierarchy process （AHP） model for CBMR evaluation is proposed. In this model, different weights are prioritized and assigned on the basis of three main criteria （including reservoir physical property, storage capacity and geological characteristics）, 15 sub-criteria, and 18 technical alternatives; the later of which are discussed in detail. The model was applied to evaluate the CBMR of the Permo-Carboniferous coals in the Qinshui Basin, North China. This GIS-based fuzzy AHP comprehensive model can be used for the evaluation of CBMR of medium-high rank （mean maximum vitrinite reflectance 〉0.5 %） coal districts in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51578239)the Education and Scientific Research Projects of Shanghai(17DZ1202802)。
文摘Flotation is an efficient pre-treatment technology for oily water.In this work,the interaction process between the moving oil droplet and the gas bubble was studied by high-speed camera and Bassset-Boussinesq-Oseen(BBO)theoretical model,and the experimental and simulation results of the oil droplet trajectory were compared.Moreover,the micro-particle image velocimetry system was utilized to observe the flow inside and outside of the moving oil droplet.The results show that the BBO model with the mobile bubble’s surface can reflect the velocity change trend of the oil droplet during the interaction process between the moving oil droplet and the gas bubble,but there are some significant differences between the experimental and simulation results.While the oil droplet is moving on the bubble’s surface,the velocity of the area near the contact point of oil droplet–gas bubble is less than that of the other areas inside the oil droplet.Meanwhile,the flow of water above the oil drop is more biased towards the gas bubble.
基金supported by the Chinese National 863 Projects(2002AA401004,2009AA093301,2009AA093601)
文摘Noncoherent underwater acoustic communication channel in adverse conditions is modeled as a phase-random Rayleigh fading channel,and its capacity curve is derived.To approach the channel capacity curve,the concatenated code of the nonbinary LDPC code and the constant weight code is proposed for noncoherent communication which can late be iteratively decoded in the probability domain.Without information of channel amplitude or phase in the receiver,statistic parameters of the respective signal and noise bins were estimated based on the moment estimation method,the posterior probabilities of the constant weight code words were further calculated,and the nonbinary LDPC code was decoded with the nonbinary factor graph algorithm.It is verified by simulations that by utilizing the proposed concatenated code and its processing algorithm,gap to channel capacity curve is reduced by 3 dB when compared to the existing method.Underwater communication experiments were carried out in both deep ocean（vertical communication,5 km）and shallow lake（horizontal communication,near 3 km,delay spread larger than 50 ms）,in which the signal frequency band was 6 kHz to10 kHz,and the data transmission rate Was 357 bps.The proposed scheme can work properly in both experiments with a signal-to-noise ratio threshold of 2 dB.The performance of the proposed algorithm Was well verified by the experiments.
文摘College English writing has long been the weakest aspect of English programs for English majors in China. This situation is especially true at North University of China. This study explores the use of collaborative teaching between native and non-native English writing instructors. It seeks to identify ways to make full use of native teachers＇ and Chinese teachers＇ strengths in teaching English writing, to implement team- teaching to benefit both teachers and students, and to help Chinese teachers to improve their English proficiency and enable native English soeakin~ teachers to better understand Chinese students＇ specific difficulties in English writing.
文摘English writing is always a headache for both learners and teachers in ESL class. In this paper I will make an in-depth investigation of teaching writing in a Chinese ESL classroom based on my teaching experience as well as some literature review, and then propose some feasible measures constructed on the learner-centered principles and approaches, with the hope that they might help to bring along better results in my future teaching attempts.
文摘Need of transformation of means of support of project financing for commercial banks is proved.The analysis and modeling of business processes of project management by the contextual chart and the chart of decomposition is carried out that allowed to describe the main stages of project financing.With use of tools of programming the business application of project management which will promote operational assessment on selection of introduced drafts is created.
文摘The process movement is originally a reform effort in improving teaching composition to native English speaking students. It advocates an approach to composition teaching that emphasizes students' writing process rather than the product. Assuming that the ESL/EFL writing process is similar to that of the first language, early ESL process enthusiasts borrowed methods and techniques from the English composition class to be used in an ESL writing class that allow students ample time and freedom to write in the real sense. The process-oriented approach has also initiated a research effort in investigating the nature of ESL writing. Though still remaining the mainstream approach to ESL writing, the process approach does not provide solutions to all the issues in developing students' writing competence. However a systematic study of the process approach can throw light on our understanding of writing and help us seek a better and more balanced approach to teaching writing.
文摘IntroductionIn China.the method for teaching writing for science students is always regarded as most difficult.Howto teach writing and to comment on or mark students’writing are frequently discussed topics.In thispaper.I will report on what I have done in my writing class.Process ApproachThe‘process approach’to writing is not a new approach:it has been around since the early 1970s.It isalso called a‘multiple drafts process’and consists of generating ideas(pre-writing/input):writing a firstdraft with an emphasis on content(to‘discover’meaning/author’s ideas):writing second and third(andpossibly more)drafts to revise ideas and ways to communicate of these ideas.
文摘This paper adopts a pedagogical approach to theteaching of English writing to EFL learners of interme-diate or advanced level in China.The teaching ofwriting has been a problem to Chinese EFL teachers fora long time.On the one hand,they want to make anattempt to adopt fashionable and effective Englishwriting approaches,like process writing.On the otherhand,they are frustrated by the traditional Chinesewriting method.Some of our language educators arealways struggling against the influence of our tradi-tional Chinese writing method.A negative attitudetowards our mother tongue writing approach has beenestablished or accepted by most of our EFL teachers,which result in the EFL learners’panic in their Eng-lish writing course because they are afraid of being ac-cused of writing a Chinese composition in Englishwords.Needless to say,this kind of teaching stylecannot be effective and is frustrating instead.The au-thor presents an integrated and practical solution tothis problem and discusses the applicability of the ap-proach.The author discusses how we can effectivelyintegrate the traditional Chinese writing method andthe popular process writing approach in teaching Eng-lish writing.
文摘In recent years student-centred peer response has become such a widely used teaching method in English writing instruction that numerous articles have been produced to discuss the advantages and strategies of this approach. But is this method effective in our teaching context? What do our students think of it? This study investigated perceptions of helpfulness of peer response among 22 advanced English major students. Data collected over one semester through observations, interviews and questionnaires revealed that participants have very negative reactions to peer response, which challenges some beliefs about the affective and pedagogical advantages of peer response. The author's findings further suggest that training students to do peer response is essential in English writing instruction.
