BACKGROUND Primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PGI-DLBCL),the most prevalent extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma,poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its non-specific symptoms ...BACKGROUND Primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PGI-DLBCL),the most prevalent extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma,poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its non-specific symptoms and poor prognosis.AIM To develop and validate a risk model for the early identification of PGI-DLBCL using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection-Cox regression,with the aim of guiding clinical decision-making.METHODS The clinical data of patients diagnosed with PGI-DLBCL at the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University were analyzed retrospectively from January 2010 to April 2022.RESULTS A total of 319 patients with PGI-DLBCL were included and divided into training(n=223)and validation(n=96)cohorts.The median age was 55 years,with 48.9%male and 51.1%female patients.Key clinical features included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status≥2(40.8%),advanced-stage disease(stage IV:27.6%),extranodal involvement≥2 sites(47%),tumor>5 cm(46.1%),elevated beta-2 microglobulin(50.5%),elevated lactate dehydrogenase(27%),high International Prognostic Index(3-5:69.9%),non-germinal center B-cell-like subtype(59.9%),and B symptoms(55.8%).Immunohistochemical analysis showed frequent expression of CD10(51.1%),B-cell lymphoma 6(53.3%),multiple myeloma oncogene 1(40.1%),Bcell lymphoma 2(49.2%),myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog(48.3%),Ki-67(67.1%),and CD5(42.6%);Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA was positive in 3.1%.Based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection regression and subsequent univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses,extranodal sites≥2,B symptoms,mixed lesion type,and negative multiple myeloma oncogene 1 expression were identified as independent risk factors for PGI-DLBCL.The risk model stratified patients into high-and low-risk groups with significantly different overall survival(P<0.05).Area under the curve values for 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival were 0.625,0.663,and 0.723 in the training cohort,with consistent performance in the validation cohort.Decision curve analysis indicated favorable clinical utility.CONCLUSION PGI-DLBCL in our cohort showed distinctive clinical features and a predominance of the non-germinal center Bcell-like subtype.Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical applicability of our prognostic model.Although molecular biomarkers will be needed to improve predictive precision,our model offers a practical tool for early risk identification and individualized management in clinical practice.展开更多
The effect of pore morphology and regional distribution on liquid diffusion directionality in nonwoven fabrics was investigated in this study.Pore orientation angle(POA) and pore aspect ratio(PAR) were proposed to cha...The effect of pore morphology and regional distribution on liquid diffusion directionality in nonwoven fabrics was investigated in this study.Pore orientation angle(POA) and pore aspect ratio(PAR) were proposed to characterize the pore morphology,and α-region,β-region,and αβ-region were used to describe the characteristics of the pore regional distribution.The directional characteristics of macroscopic diffusion of liquid in nonwoven fabrics were characterized by the indicator of primary diffusion orientation angle(PDOA).Ten kinds of spunlaced nonwoven fabrics were selected.Firstly,the data of pore characteristic indices of each sample were obtained through scanning electron microscope(SEM) and the image processing technology as well,and the pore regional distribution map of each sample was further acquired.Then,the PDOA of each sample was obtained through the droplet method and image processing technology.Based on the data and statistical analysis,it was found that the PDOA of a certain volume of liquid in the nonwoven fabrics presented a significant linear relationship with the average POA of the nonwoven fabrics.And the characteristics of pore distribution affected the directionality of liquid diffusion in the nonwoven fabrics.The samples with a large proportion of α-region and good distribution had prominent liquid diffusion along the direction of laying-up,and the difference in liquid diffusion of the samples was more obvious between the directions of laying-up and vertical laying-up.展开更多
Primary hepatic lymphoma is extremely rare,and only a few cases have been described on positron emission tomography(PET) or PET/computed tomography(PET/CT) imaging in the English literature.We report a case of a 55-ye...Primary hepatic lymphoma is extremely rare,and only a few cases have been described on positron emission tomography(PET) or PET/computed tomography(PET/CT) imaging in the English literature.We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with low-grade fever and weight loss of three months.On CT scanning,a mass was identified which appeared to be a hypoattenuating lesion,on ultrasonographic imaging,the mass was hypoechoic,therefore,liver abscess or hepatic metastasis from a gastrointestinal primary was initially suspected.Tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were within normal limits.PET/CT demonstrated a large abnormal ring-like hypermetabolic focus in the right liver lobe.The lesion was resected and the histo-pathological findings were consistent with lymphoma.The patient was discharged two weeks after surgery and did not receive any further treatment.After 25 mo follow-up,she is in good health.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT is useful in confirming the diagnosis of primary hepatic lymphoma by demonstrating no other foci with high uptake in other parts of the body.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PB-DLBCL)is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that accounts for<3%of extranodal lymphomas and 1%of breast tumors.Its diagnosis and management are challen...BACKGROUND Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PB-DLBCL)is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that accounts for<3%of extranodal lymphomas and 1%of breast tumors.Its diagnosis and management are challenging because of its rarity,heterogeneity,and aggressive behavior.Conventional ultrasound(US)is the first-line imaging modality for breast lesions;however,it has limited specificity and accuracy for PB-DLBCL.Shear wave elastography(SWE)is a novel US technique that measures tissue stiffness and may reflect the histological characteristics and biological behavior of breast lesions.AIM To compare the conventional US and SWE features of PB-DLBCL and evaluate their diagnostic performance and prognostic value.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and US images of 32 patients with pathologically confirmed PB-DLBCL who underwent conventional US and SWE before treatment.We analyzed conventional US features(shape,margin,orientation,echo,posterior acoustic features,calcification,and vascularity)and SWE features(mean elasticity value,standard deviation,minimum elasticity value,maximum elasticity value,and lesion-to-fat ratio)of the PB-DLBCL lesions.Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,we determined the optimal cutoff values and diagnostic performance of conventional US and SWE features.We also performed a survival analysis to assess the prognostic value of conventional US and SWE features.RESULTS The results showed that the PB-DLBCL lesions were mostly irregular in shape(84.4%),microlobulated or spiculated in margins(75%),parallel in orientation(65.6%),hypoechoic in echo(87.5%),and had posterior acoustic enhancement(65.6%).Calcification was rare(6.3%)and vascularity was variable(31.3%avascular,37.5%hypovascular,and 31.3%hypervascular).The mean elasticity value of PB-DLBCL lesions was significantly higher than that of benign breast lesions(113.4±46.9 kPa vs 27.8±16.4 kPa,P<0.001).The optimal cutoff value of the mean elasticity for distinguishing PB-DLBCL from benign breast lesions was 54.5 kPa,with a sensitivity of 93.8%,specificity of 92.9%,positive predictive value of 93.8%,negative predictive value of 92.9%,and accuracy of 93.3%.The mean elasticity value was also significantly correlated with Ki-67 expression level(r=0.612,P<0.001),which is a marker of tumor proliferation and aggressiveness.Survival analysis showed that patients with higher mean elasticity values(>54.5 kPa)had worse overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)than those with lower mean elasticity values(<54.5 kPa)(P=0.038 for OS and P=0.027 for PFS).CONCLUSION Conventional US and SWE provide useful information for diagnosing and forecasting PB-DLBCL.SWE excels in distinguishing PB-DLBCL from benign breast lesions,reflects tumor proliferation and aggressiveness,and improves disease management.展开更多
BACKGROUND Unlike the already established effect of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication on gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma,its therapeutic effect on primary gastric diffuse large B-cell ly...BACKGROUND Unlike the already established effect of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication on gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma,its therapeutic effect on primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is still unclear.AIM To clarify the efficacy of H.pylori eradication treatment for primary gastric DLBCL.METHODS We reported on 3 new cases,and added them to 3 previously reported cases.We analyzed the usefulness of H.pylori eradication treatment for gastric DLBCL for a total of 6 cases at our center.RESULTS Of the 6 patients(27-90 years old,3 males and 3 females),all 3 patients with single lesions(one transformed from MALT lymphoma)achieved complete remission(CR)after H.pylori eradication.Regarding the 2 newly reported cases,CR was maintained for more than 6 years with eradication treatment alone.In contrast,none of the 3 patients with 2 lesions achieved CR.In 1 newly reported case,endoscopic CR was achieved in one lesion,while stable disease was obtained in the other lesion.Two patients with progressive disease responded to standard chemo therapy±radiation and remained in CR for more than 6 years.CONCLUSION We believe it is worthwhile to attempt H.pylori eradication for elderly patients with primary gastric DLBCL in a single lesion with a small tumor burden.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is the most common subtype of non�Hodgkin lymphoma,and patients with DLBCL typically present rapidly growing masses.Lymphoma involving muscle is rare and accounts for onl...BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is the most common subtype of non�Hodgkin lymphoma,and patients with DLBCL typically present rapidly growing masses.Lymphoma involving muscle is rare and accounts for only 5%;furthermore,multiple muscles and soft tissue involvement of DLBCL is unusual.Due to unusual clinical manifestation,accurate diagnosis could be delayed.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old man complained of swelling,pain and erythematous changes in the lower abdomen.Initially,soft tissue infection was suspected,however,skin lesion did not respond to antibiotics.18Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose(18F-FDG)positron emission tomography-computed tomography demonstrated FDG uptake not only in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen but also in the abdominal wall muscles,peritoneum,perineum,penis and testis.DLBCL was confirmed by biopsy of the abdominal wall muscle and subcutaneous tissue.After intensive treatment including chemotherapy with rituximab,cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine and prednisolone,central nervous system prophylaxis(intrathecal injection of methotrexate,cytarabine and hydrocortisone)and orchiectomy,he underwent peripheral blood stem cell mobilization for an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Despite intensive treatment,the disease progressed rapidly and the patient showed poor outcome(overall survival,9 mo;disease free survival,3 mo).CONCLUSION The first clinical manifestation of soft tissue DLBCL involving multiple muscles was similar to the infection of the soft tissue.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Primary central nervous system lymphoma （PCNSL） is defined as lymphoma confined to the brain, eye, spinal cord, or leptomeninges. It constitutes approximately 3% of all brain tumors, and 2-3% of all cas...INTRODUCTION Primary central nervous system lymphoma （PCNSL） is defined as lymphoma confined to the brain, eye, spinal cord, or leptomeninges. It constitutes approximately 3% of all brain tumors, and 2-3% of all cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ocular involvement can be detected during clinical staging in about 20% of patients with PCNSL, with primary vitreous retinal lymphoma being the most common subtype. Uveal involvement of PCNSL is uncommon, and PCNSL with ciliary body involvement （CBL）, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported.展开更多
Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas(PT-DLBCL)are a collection of 1%e9%of testicular tumors.However,the characterization of the tumor microenvironment and spatial organization of PT-DLBCL is poorly unders...Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas(PT-DLBCL)are a collection of 1%e9%of testicular tumors.However,the characterization of the tumor microenvironment and spatial organization of PT-DLBCL is poorly understood.We profiled the transcriptomes of 19,559 single cells derived from a PT-DLBCL patient via single-cell RNA sequencing.We found that the tumor microenvironment was majorly composed of three exhausted CD8+T cell sub-populations and two B cell subpopulations,and the genetic heterogeneity was further analyzed.Then,transcription factors related to PT-DLBCL cell proliferation and development were identified.Our results demonstrated that inhibiting E2F and CREB could decrease cell proliferation,induce apoptosis in human B-lymphoma cells,and inhibit tumor growth in xeno-graft testicular DLBCL models.Subsequently,chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing was performed to identify the enriched loci of E2F and CREB that regulate human B-lymphoma cell proliferation and apoptosis.To annotate the precise spatial cellular composition of testicular DLBCL,we performed spatial transcriptomics.The spatial organization of PT-DLBCL,especially the spatial location of exhausted CD8^(+)T and B cells,was identified.Concurrently,we delin-eated the expression patterns of key genes,including MALAT1,RPS3A,RPS7,RPS23,RPS27A,IGHM,HINT1,and HSPA8,across various regions.In this study,we unveiled the spatial architec-ture of the tumor microenvironment in DLBCL,where exhausted T cells were strategically posi-tioned around tumor B cells,and macrophages,in turn,encircled the exhausted T cells.Inhibition of E2F and CREB in the tumor microenvironment may be a novel therapeutic option for testicular DLBCL patients.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,No.2022D01D21“Tianshan Talents”Cultivation Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,No.2024TSYCLJ0025National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82360037.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PGI-DLBCL),the most prevalent extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma,poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its non-specific symptoms and poor prognosis.AIM To develop and validate a risk model for the early identification of PGI-DLBCL using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection-Cox regression,with the aim of guiding clinical decision-making.METHODS The clinical data of patients diagnosed with PGI-DLBCL at the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University were analyzed retrospectively from January 2010 to April 2022.RESULTS A total of 319 patients with PGI-DLBCL were included and divided into training(n=223)and validation(n=96)cohorts.The median age was 55 years,with 48.9%male and 51.1%female patients.Key clinical features included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status≥2(40.8%),advanced-stage disease(stage IV:27.6%),extranodal involvement≥2 sites(47%),tumor>5 cm(46.1%),elevated beta-2 microglobulin(50.5%),elevated lactate dehydrogenase(27%),high International Prognostic Index(3-5:69.9%),non-germinal center B-cell-like subtype(59.9%),and B symptoms(55.8%).Immunohistochemical analysis showed frequent expression of CD10(51.1%),B-cell lymphoma 6(53.3%),multiple myeloma oncogene 1(40.1%),Bcell lymphoma 2(49.2%),myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog(48.3%),Ki-67(67.1%),and CD5(42.6%);Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA was positive in 3.1%.Based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection regression and subsequent univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses,extranodal sites≥2,B symptoms,mixed lesion type,and negative multiple myeloma oncogene 1 expression were identified as independent risk factors for PGI-DLBCL.The risk model stratified patients into high-and low-risk groups with significantly different overall survival(P<0.05).Area under the curve values for 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival were 0.625,0.663,and 0.723 in the training cohort,with consistent performance in the validation cohort.Decision curve analysis indicated favorable clinical utility.CONCLUSION PGI-DLBCL in our cohort showed distinctive clinical features and a predominance of the non-germinal center Bcell-like subtype.Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical applicability of our prognostic model.Although molecular biomarkers will be needed to improve predictive precision,our model offers a practical tool for early risk identification and individualized management in clinical practice.
基金National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFB0309100)。
文摘The effect of pore morphology and regional distribution on liquid diffusion directionality in nonwoven fabrics was investigated in this study.Pore orientation angle(POA) and pore aspect ratio(PAR) were proposed to characterize the pore morphology,and α-region,β-region,and αβ-region were used to describe the characteristics of the pore regional distribution.The directional characteristics of macroscopic diffusion of liquid in nonwoven fabrics were characterized by the indicator of primary diffusion orientation angle(PDOA).Ten kinds of spunlaced nonwoven fabrics were selected.Firstly,the data of pore characteristic indices of each sample were obtained through scanning electron microscope(SEM) and the image processing technology as well,and the pore regional distribution map of each sample was further acquired.Then,the PDOA of each sample was obtained through the droplet method and image processing technology.Based on the data and statistical analysis,it was found that the PDOA of a certain volume of liquid in the nonwoven fabrics presented a significant linear relationship with the average POA of the nonwoven fabrics.And the characteristics of pore distribution affected the directionality of liquid diffusion in the nonwoven fabrics.The samples with a large proportion of α-region and good distribution had prominent liquid diffusion along the direction of laying-up,and the difference in liquid diffusion of the samples was more obvious between the directions of laying-up and vertical laying-up.
文摘Primary hepatic lymphoma is extremely rare,and only a few cases have been described on positron emission tomography(PET) or PET/computed tomography(PET/CT) imaging in the English literature.We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with low-grade fever and weight loss of three months.On CT scanning,a mass was identified which appeared to be a hypoattenuating lesion,on ultrasonographic imaging,the mass was hypoechoic,therefore,liver abscess or hepatic metastasis from a gastrointestinal primary was initially suspected.Tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were within normal limits.PET/CT demonstrated a large abnormal ring-like hypermetabolic focus in the right liver lobe.The lesion was resected and the histo-pathological findings were consistent with lymphoma.The patient was discharged two weeks after surgery and did not receive any further treatment.After 25 mo follow-up,she is in good health.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT is useful in confirming the diagnosis of primary hepatic lymphoma by demonstrating no other foci with high uptake in other parts of the body.
基金This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PB-DLBCL)is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that accounts for<3%of extranodal lymphomas and 1%of breast tumors.Its diagnosis and management are challenging because of its rarity,heterogeneity,and aggressive behavior.Conventional ultrasound(US)is the first-line imaging modality for breast lesions;however,it has limited specificity and accuracy for PB-DLBCL.Shear wave elastography(SWE)is a novel US technique that measures tissue stiffness and may reflect the histological characteristics and biological behavior of breast lesions.AIM To compare the conventional US and SWE features of PB-DLBCL and evaluate their diagnostic performance and prognostic value.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and US images of 32 patients with pathologically confirmed PB-DLBCL who underwent conventional US and SWE before treatment.We analyzed conventional US features(shape,margin,orientation,echo,posterior acoustic features,calcification,and vascularity)and SWE features(mean elasticity value,standard deviation,minimum elasticity value,maximum elasticity value,and lesion-to-fat ratio)of the PB-DLBCL lesions.Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,we determined the optimal cutoff values and diagnostic performance of conventional US and SWE features.We also performed a survival analysis to assess the prognostic value of conventional US and SWE features.RESULTS The results showed that the PB-DLBCL lesions were mostly irregular in shape(84.4%),microlobulated or spiculated in margins(75%),parallel in orientation(65.6%),hypoechoic in echo(87.5%),and had posterior acoustic enhancement(65.6%).Calcification was rare(6.3%)and vascularity was variable(31.3%avascular,37.5%hypovascular,and 31.3%hypervascular).The mean elasticity value of PB-DLBCL lesions was significantly higher than that of benign breast lesions(113.4±46.9 kPa vs 27.8±16.4 kPa,P<0.001).The optimal cutoff value of the mean elasticity for distinguishing PB-DLBCL from benign breast lesions was 54.5 kPa,with a sensitivity of 93.8%,specificity of 92.9%,positive predictive value of 93.8%,negative predictive value of 92.9%,and accuracy of 93.3%.The mean elasticity value was also significantly correlated with Ki-67 expression level(r=0.612,P<0.001),which is a marker of tumor proliferation and aggressiveness.Survival analysis showed that patients with higher mean elasticity values(>54.5 kPa)had worse overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)than those with lower mean elasticity values(<54.5 kPa)(P=0.038 for OS and P=0.027 for PFS).CONCLUSION Conventional US and SWE provide useful information for diagnosing and forecasting PB-DLBCL.SWE excels in distinguishing PB-DLBCL from benign breast lesions,reflects tumor proliferation and aggressiveness,and improves disease management.
文摘BACKGROUND Unlike the already established effect of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication on gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma,its therapeutic effect on primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is still unclear.AIM To clarify the efficacy of H.pylori eradication treatment for primary gastric DLBCL.METHODS We reported on 3 new cases,and added them to 3 previously reported cases.We analyzed the usefulness of H.pylori eradication treatment for gastric DLBCL for a total of 6 cases at our center.RESULTS Of the 6 patients(27-90 years old,3 males and 3 females),all 3 patients with single lesions(one transformed from MALT lymphoma)achieved complete remission(CR)after H.pylori eradication.Regarding the 2 newly reported cases,CR was maintained for more than 6 years with eradication treatment alone.In contrast,none of the 3 patients with 2 lesions achieved CR.In 1 newly reported case,endoscopic CR was achieved in one lesion,while stable disease was obtained in the other lesion.Two patients with progressive disease responded to standard chemo therapy±radiation and remained in CR for more than 6 years.CONCLUSION We believe it is worthwhile to attempt H.pylori eradication for elderly patients with primary gastric DLBCL in a single lesion with a small tumor burden.
文摘BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is the most common subtype of non�Hodgkin lymphoma,and patients with DLBCL typically present rapidly growing masses.Lymphoma involving muscle is rare and accounts for only 5%;furthermore,multiple muscles and soft tissue involvement of DLBCL is unusual.Due to unusual clinical manifestation,accurate diagnosis could be delayed.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old man complained of swelling,pain and erythematous changes in the lower abdomen.Initially,soft tissue infection was suspected,however,skin lesion did not respond to antibiotics.18Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose(18F-FDG)positron emission tomography-computed tomography demonstrated FDG uptake not only in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen but also in the abdominal wall muscles,peritoneum,perineum,penis and testis.DLBCL was confirmed by biopsy of the abdominal wall muscle and subcutaneous tissue.After intensive treatment including chemotherapy with rituximab,cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine and prednisolone,central nervous system prophylaxis(intrathecal injection of methotrexate,cytarabine and hydrocortisone)and orchiectomy,he underwent peripheral blood stem cell mobilization for an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Despite intensive treatment,the disease progressed rapidly and the patient showed poor outcome(overall survival,9 mo;disease free survival,3 mo).CONCLUSION The first clinical manifestation of soft tissue DLBCL involving multiple muscles was similar to the infection of the soft tissue.
文摘INTRODUCTION Primary central nervous system lymphoma （PCNSL） is defined as lymphoma confined to the brain, eye, spinal cord, or leptomeninges. It constitutes approximately 3% of all brain tumors, and 2-3% of all cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ocular involvement can be detected during clinical staging in about 20% of patients with PCNSL, with primary vitreous retinal lymphoma being the most common subtype. Uveal involvement of PCNSL is uncommon, and PCNSL with ciliary body involvement （CBL）, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82371613 to F.S,No.82171611 and 81971376 to M.L.and No.82401864 to XL.W.)The Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2023C03035 to F.S)The Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2021BEG02029 to F.S).
文摘Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas(PT-DLBCL)are a collection of 1%e9%of testicular tumors.However,the characterization of the tumor microenvironment and spatial organization of PT-DLBCL is poorly understood.We profiled the transcriptomes of 19,559 single cells derived from a PT-DLBCL patient via single-cell RNA sequencing.We found that the tumor microenvironment was majorly composed of three exhausted CD8+T cell sub-populations and two B cell subpopulations,and the genetic heterogeneity was further analyzed.Then,transcription factors related to PT-DLBCL cell proliferation and development were identified.Our results demonstrated that inhibiting E2F and CREB could decrease cell proliferation,induce apoptosis in human B-lymphoma cells,and inhibit tumor growth in xeno-graft testicular DLBCL models.Subsequently,chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing was performed to identify the enriched loci of E2F and CREB that regulate human B-lymphoma cell proliferation and apoptosis.To annotate the precise spatial cellular composition of testicular DLBCL,we performed spatial transcriptomics.The spatial organization of PT-DLBCL,especially the spatial location of exhausted CD8^(+)T and B cells,was identified.Concurrently,we delin-eated the expression patterns of key genes,including MALAT1,RPS3A,RPS7,RPS23,RPS27A,IGHM,HINT1,and HSPA8,across various regions.In this study,we unveiled the spatial architec-ture of the tumor microenvironment in DLBCL,where exhausted T cells were strategically posi-tioned around tumor B cells,and macrophages,in turn,encircled the exhausted T cells.Inhibition of E2F and CREB in the tumor microenvironment may be a novel therapeutic option for testicular DLBCL patients.
